CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL PLAN

Transcription

1 CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL PLAN CITY OF WILMINGTON FOR THE: WILMINGTON SANITARY LANDFILL 397 SOUTH NELSON AVENUE WILMINGTON, OHIO PREPARED FOR: CITY OF WILMINGTON 69 SOUTH NORTH STREET WILMINGTON, OHIO OCTOBER 2011

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 USE OF APPLICATION OF CQA/QC PLAN Introduction Selection and Testing of Soils and Aggregates Selection and Testing of Geosynthetics GENERAL Introduction Scope of the CQA/QC Plan Definitions and Use of Terms Use of Terms References to Standards PERSONNEL AND QUALIFICATIONS Responsibility and Authority Permitting Agency Operator Permit/Design Engineer CQA Consultant Soils CQA Laboratory Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory Earthwork Contractor Geosynthetics Manufacturer Geosynthetics Installer Surveyor Project Meetings Resolution Meetings Pre-Construction Meeting Daily Meetings Progress Meetings Problem or Work Deficiency Meetings Qualifications of Key Personnel and Qualifications CQA Consultant Soils CQA Laboratory Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory Earthwork Contractor Geosynthetics Manufacturer Geosynthetics Installer HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. i OCTOBER 2011

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE 4.0 RECORD RETENTION PROCEDURES SAMPLE ARCHIVING CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES Structural Fill Introduction Structural Fill Structural Fill Repair Recompacted Soil Liner Introduction Test Methods and Sampling Requirements Recompacted Soil Liner Material Selection Criteria/Testing Recompacted Soil Liner Test Pad Soil Placement and Compaction Conditions Placement of the Recompacted Soil Liner Construction Testing Recompacted Soil Liner CQA/QC Liner System Geosynthetics Introduction Geomembrane Manufacture, Shipment and Handling, and Storage Manufacture of Geomembrane Resin Quality Certification of Property Values Quality Control Certificates Shipment and Handling Storage Geomembrane Installation Earthwork Geomembrane Placement Panel Layout Field Panel Identification Location Installation Schedule HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. ii OCTOBER 2011

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE Weather Conditions Geomembrane Anchor Trench Method of Placement Damage Field Seaming Seaming Equipment and Products Seam Preparation Weather Conditions for Seaming Overlapping and Temporary Bonding Trial Seam, Geomembrane Seaming General Seaming Procedure Non-Destructive Seam Continuity Testing Destructive Testing, Geomembrane Seaming Defects and Repairs Evaluation Repair Procedures Verification of Repairs Large Wrinkles Backfilling of Anchor Trench Installed Geomembrane Certification/Acceptance Materials in Contact with the Geomembranes Appurtenances Geomembrane Rain Flaps Testing of Sump Areas Geotextile Introduction Manufacturer s Documentation Certification of Property Values Labeling Shipment and Storage Handling and Placement Seams and Overlaps Repair Placement of Materials on Geotextiles Geonet and Geocomposite HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. iii OCTOBER 2011

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE Introduction Manufacturer s Documentation Certification of Property Values Labeling Shipment and Storage Handling and Placement Stacking and Joining Repair Placement of Materials on Geonet/Geocomposite Leachate Collection and Management System Introduction Protective Non-Woven Geotextile Drainage Layer Drainage Layer Material and Placement Pipe Drainage Material Filter Geotextile Protective Waste Layer polyethylene Pipe and Fittings Material Requirements Pipe Fittings Joints Fusion Process for Joints Preparation Weather Conditions for Butt-Fusion Pressure Testing of Joints Segment Testing: Pre-Installation Test Failure Final Test Test Reporting Composite Cap System Introduction HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. iv OCTOBER 2011

6 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE Recompacted Soil Barrier Introduction Test Methods and Sampling Requirements Recompacted Soil Barrier Material Selection Criteria/Testing Recompacted Soil Barrier Test Pad Soil Placement and Compaction Conditions Placement of the Recompacted Soil Barrier Construction Testing Recompacted Soil Barrier CQA/QC Geomembrane Manufacture, Shipment and Handling, and Storage Manufacture of Geomembrane Resin Quality Certification of Property Values Quality Control Certificates Shipment and Handling Storage Geomembrane Installation Earthwork Geomembrane Placement Panel Layout Field Panel Identification Location Installation Schedule Weather Conditions Geomembrane Anchor Trench Method of Placement Damage Field Seaming Seaming Equipment and Products Seam Preparation Weather Conditions for Seaming Overlapping and Temporary Bonding Trial Seam, Geomembrane Seaming General Seaming Procedure Non-Destructive Seam Continuity Testing HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. v OCTOBER 2011

7 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE Destructive Testing, Geomembrane Seaming Defects and Repairs Evaluation Repair Procedures Verification of Repairs Large Wrinkles Backfilling of Anchor Trench Installed Geomembrane Certification/Acceptance Materials in Contact with the Geomembranes Appurtenances Cap System Drainage Layer Granular Drainage Layer Granular Drainage Layer Material and Placement Geocomposite Drainage Layer Introduction Manufacturer s Documentation Certification of Property Values Labeling Shipment and Storage Handling and Placement Stacking and Joining Repair Placement of Materials on Geocomposite Protective Soil Layer Explosive Gas Control System Introduction Gas Vents Gas Vent Piping Surveying Introduction Survey Control HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. vi OCTOBER 2011

8 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) PAGE Surveying Personnel Precision and Accuracy Lines and Grades Frequency and Spacing Tolerances Documentation Certification DOCUMENTATION Introduction Construction Documentation PREVENTATIVE MEASURE GUIDELINES FOR CONSTRUCTION Recompacted Soil Liner/Barrier Geosynthetic Materials Storage and Handling Precautions after Installation Geomembrane Material Other Geosynthetic Material (Geotextile, Geonet, and Geocomposite) Drainage Layer Protective Soil Layer Structural Fill TABLES List of ASTM tests required in OAC 3745 Construction Rules Survey Marks... N/A 9.02 Surface Water Control Structures... N/A 9.03 Sedimentation Ponds... N/A 9.04 Permanent Ground Water Control Structures... N/A 9.05 Test Summary for Existing Grade and Prepared Subgrade (In-situ Foundation)... N/A 9.06 Test Summary for Structural fill (Structural Fill) Added Geological Material... N/A 9.08 Test Summary for Recompacted Soil Liner Geosynthetic Clay Liner... N/A 9.10 Flexible Membrane Liners 9.10-A 60-mil Smooth HDPE Geomembrane Quality Control/Conformance Testing Summary HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. vii OCTOBER 2011

9 9.10-B 60-mil Double-Sided Textured HDPE Geomembrane Quality Control/Conformance Testing Summary C 60-mil Smooth and Textured HDPE Geomembrane Installation Testing Summary D 40-mil Double-Sided Textured LLDPE Geomembrane Quality Control/Conformance Testing Summary E 40-mil Smooth and Textured LLDPE Geomembrane Installation Testing Summary Liner Cushion Layer... N/A 9.12 Test Summary for Leachate Collection Layer Leachate Collection Pipes... N/A 9.14 Filter Layer... N/A 9.15 Sumps... N/A 9.16 Leachate Conveyance Apparatus... N/A 9.17 Leachate Storage Tanks... N/A 9.18 Access Roads... N/A 9.19 Transitional Covers... N/A 9.20 Explosive Gas Collection System... N/A 9.21 Test Summary for Compacted Barrier Soil Cap (Cap Soil Barrier Layer) Engineered Subbase... N/A 9.23 Cap Geosynthetic Clay Liner... N/A 9.24 Cap Flexible Membrane Liner (see Tables 9.10-D and 9.10-E) Test Summary for Cap Drainage Layer Test Summary for Protective Soil Layer (Cap Protection Layer) Explosive Gas Control System... N/A 9.28 Other Engineering Components A Test Summary for Anchor Trench Backfill B Test Summary for Test Pads... N/A 9.28-C Non-woven Geotextile Conformance Testing Summary D Geonet Conformance Testing Summary E Geocomposite Conformance Testing Summary F Test Summary for Shear Strength Testing LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Design Requirement Tables HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. viii OCTOBER 2011

10 1.0 USE AND APPLICATION OF CQA/QC PLAN 1.1 Introduction This Construction Quality Assurance/Quality Control Plan (CQA/QC Plan) has been prepared to address construction materials and quality assurance/quality control procedures to be implemented during cell construction and landfill closure at the Wilmington Sanitary Landfill (facility). The format of this CQA/QC Plan is such that it follows the general outline presented in OAC (C)(9)(c). 1.2 Selection and Testing of Soils and Aggregates The CQA/QC Plan shall be used to confirm soil and aggregate material quality and installation. The selection of soils and aggregates shall be based on the permitted design for the facility. Given the selected soils and aggregates to be utilized for a project, this CQA/QC Plan shall be used to govern the material testing and installation. The CQA/QC Plan narrative and the Test Summary Tables in Section 9.0 have been prepared utilizing general terminology so that the CQA/QC Plan would be applicable to a range of soil and aggregate materials selected for the permitted design. 1.3 Selection and Testing of Geosynthetics The CQA/QC Plan shall be used to confirm geosynthetic material quality and installation. The geosynthetic materials shall be selected for a given project to satisfy applicable site-specific design requirements. Site-specific design requirement tables were prepared for all permitted geosynthetic components. These design requirement tables are included in Appendix A of this CQA/QC Plan and shall be used to pre-qualify a manufacturer who can provide material that satisfies the requirements for the facility. Following selection of suppliers or manufacturers for each geosynthetic component required for a given project, the applicable conformance testing tables provided in Section 9.0 shall be completed. The CQA Consultant or Owner's Representative shall insert the Manufacturer's Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV) into the last column of each geosynthetic conformance testing table to be used for the project. All conformance testing shall be completed and reviewed with respect to the Manufacturer MARV values in each conformance test table. The Manufacturer shall perform the conformance testing as part of the regular quality control (QC) HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 1 OCTOBER 2011

11 testing and shall provide the analytical results to the CQA Consultant or Owner s Representative prior to shipping material to the facility. Results of the Manufacturer s QC conformance testing shall be included with the certification report. Conformance testing by third party laboratories to verify manufacturer s QC analytical results is not required in this CQA/QC Plan. However, the CQA Consultant or Owner s Representative may require additional testing over and above the Manufacturer s QC testing if it is believed to be necessary to confirm the quality of the materials. The combination of design requirements and conformance testing maximizes the likelihood that the materials utilized on a given project satisfy both the site-specific design/performance requirements as well as the Manufacturer's published values. The design requirements for this facility will be satisfied through the selection of only those geosynthetic materials that exceed the design requirements, which include any site-specific performance requirements. With the selected material, the completion of the conformance test tables with the MARV values of the manufacturers (which are greater than the design requirements, for the material to be selected) ensures that the material also satisfies the more restrictive manufacturer MARV values. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 2 OCTOBER 2011

12 2.0 GENERAL 2.1 Introduction This CQA/QC Plan addresses the construction of the liner system, leachate management system, final cover systems, explosive gas management system, surface impoundments, and ancillary components. All work shall be performed to the lines, grades, and dimensions indicated within the permit drawings. This CQA/QC Plan addresses the inspection and documentation procedures that shall be utilized before, during, and after construction to provide assurance, with a reasonable degree of certainty, that the facility meets the permitted design standards and specifications. 2.2 Scope of the CQA/QC Plan This CQA/QC Plan describes the following: Sampling and testing procedures to be used in the field and in the laboratory; Testing frequency; Sampling parameters and locations; Material specifications; Procedures to be followed if a test fails; The management structure, experience, and training of the testing personnel; and Contingency plan for anticipated construction difficulties. 2.3 Definitions and Use of Terms This section provides general information regarding specific terms, references, and units used within this CQA/QC Plan Use of Terms In the context of this CQA/QC Plan, the terms CQA and QC are used as follows: HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 3 OCTOBER 2011

13 CQA refers to measures taken by the Owner to determine if the Contractor's materials and workmanship comply with the Contract Documents, Permit specifications, and design requirements. QC and Quality Control refer to measures taken by the supplier or Contractor to verify that the material has been prepared and the work has been performed in compliance with the requirements for materials and workmanship as stated in the Contract Documents, Permit specifications, and design requirements. Note: For the purposes of this CQA/QC Plan, the term "geosynthetics" refers to geomembrane, geotextile, geonet, geocomposite, or other manufactured component materials References to Standards The CQA/QC Plan includes references to standard test procedures defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the Federal Test Method Standards (FTMS), and the "Standards for Flexible Membrane Liners" of the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF). HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 4 OCTOBER 2011

14 3.0 PERSONNEL AND QUALIFICATIONS 3.1 Responsibility and Authority The principal parties involved in the CQA process include the Permitting Agency, the Owner/Operator (Operator), the Construction Manager, the Landfill Manager, the Permit Engineer, the Design Engineer, the CQA Consultant, the Soils CQA Laboratory, the Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory, the Earthwork Contractor, the Geosynthetics Manufacturer(s), the Geosynthetics Installer(s), and the surveyor. The general responsibilities and authorities of each of these parties are described in the following paragraphs. The responsibility and/or authority of a given party may be modified or expanded as dictated by specific project needs during Pre-Construction Meetings Permitting Agency The Permitting Agency, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is authorized to issue the Permit to Install (PTI) for construction of the waste disposal facility based on review and acceptance of the PTI application. Additionally, the Permitting Agency provides formal acceptance of the Construction Certification Report prior to the use of the constructed item Operator The Operator (City of Wilmington) is responsible for coordinating the design and construction of the landfill. The Landfill Manager and Construction Manager are the two representatives of the Operator responsible for coordinating the design and construction of the landfill facility. The Landfill Manager is responsible for the management of the Design Engineer, CQA Consultant and other entities directly contracted to Operator for performance of engineering, surveying, laboratory testing or other professional services. This responsibility includes compliance with the permit and review/submission of the CQA documentation demonstrating that the facility was constructed in accordance with the approved permit and design specifications. The Landfill Manager is responsible for procuring a consultant to provide the surveying necessary for the certification documentation. The Landfill Manager has the authority to select and dismiss parties charged with design and CQA. The Landfill Manager also has the authority to accept or reject design drawings and specifications, CQA/QC Plans, and CQA reports. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 5 OCTOBER 2011

15 The Construction Manager is the official representative of the Operator responsible for coordinating schedules, meetings, and field activities. This responsibility includes communications to the Operator, CQA Consultant, Surveyor, Contractors, Manufacturers, and other involved parties. The Construction Manager has the authority to select and dismiss parties charged with construction activities. The Construction Manager also has the authority to direct contractors hired by the Operator and to accept or reject their materials and workmanship. Construction Manager responsibilities may be fulfilled by on-site facility employed personnel, the Landfill Manager or assigned by the Operator to a selected representative Permit/Design Engineer The Permit/Design Engineer is a firm or person, retained by the Operator, to prepare documents for acceptance by the Permitting Agency and/or construction of the facility. The permit documents establish the limits, type, and details of liner system, leachate management system, and all other components of the site. The permit documents provide minimum specifications and are the governing document when a specification contradiction arises. Optional construction documents and drawings may be prepared in some cases to provide additional information of a specific construction project. During construction, the Permit/Design Engineer may prepare applications to the Permitting Agency for approval of substantive changes to the design drawings or specifications of the facility. Substantive changes include any changes that modify or impact the technical basis for any engineered component of the facility design. Such changes will require the approval of the Permitting Agency CQA Consultant The CQA Consultant is responsible for observing and documenting activities related to the permit documents and CQA/QC Plan. The CQA Consultant is represented on-site by the CQA Resident Technician and supported on-site by CQA monitoring personnel, the specific number of which is determined by the workload. In general, the responsibilities and authorities of the CQA Consultant include: Complete understanding of the permit documents, drawings, and specifications (if applicable); HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 6 OCTOBER 2011

16 Scheduling, coordinating, and performing CQA activities; Performing independent on-site observation of the work in progress to assess compliance with the CQA/QC Plan, permit documents, drawings, and specifications (if applicable); Recognizing and reporting deviations from the CQA/QC Plan, permit documents, drawings, and/or specifications (if applicable) to the Landfill Manager and Construction Manager; Verifying that testing equipment meets testing and calibration requirements, and that tests are conducted according to standardized procedures defined in the CQA/QC Plan; Recording and maintaining test data accurately; Identifying CQA tested work that should be accepted, rejected, or further evaluated; Verifying that corrective measures are implemented; Documenting and reporting CQA activities; Collecting data needed for record documentation; and Maintaining open lines of communications with other parties involved in the construction. The CQA Consultant is also responsible for issuing certifications for major construction activities. Possible construction activities include the following: Structural Fill; Recompacted Soil Liner; Flexible Membrane Liner; Protective Cover; Leachate Collection and Management System; Composite Cap System; and Explosive Gas Control System. All certifications shall bear the seal of a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Ohio. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 7 OCTOBER 2011

17 3.1.5 Soils CQA Laboratory The Soils CQA Laboratory is responsible for performing the laboratory testing required by the CQA/QC Plan to determine specific characteristics of the soils and aggregates. The Soils CQA Laboratory is also responsible for providing adequate documentation of analytical results, test methods followed, and testing equipment used. Work of the Soils CQA Laboratory shall be administered by, and reported to, the CQA Consultant Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory The Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory is responsible for performing the laboratory testing required by the CQA/QC Plan to determine specific characteristics of the installed geosynthetics. The Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory is also responsible for providing adequate documentation of analytical results, test methods followed, and testing equipment used. The CQA Consultant shall administer Work performed by the Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory. All results should be reported to the CQA Consultant Earthwork Contractor The Earthwork Contractor is responsible for all activities assigned by the Operator. These activities may include: moving earth to establish the liner grades, installing structural fill, installing the recompacted soil liner, placement of piping and granular materials comprising the leachate management system, placement of final cover soils, or other related work items. The Earthwork Contractor may also be responsible for construction of sedimentation and erosion control facilities, anchor trenches for liner installation, and other support activities outside the immediate project area. It is the responsibility of the Earthwork Contractor to supply equipment and perform work that results in completed project components that are in conformance with the CQA/QC Plan Geosynthetics Manufacturer The Geosynthetics Manufacturer(s) is responsible for the production of geosynthetics that meet the requirements of the CQA/QC Plan. The Geosynthetics Manufacturer is also responsible for providing adequate documentation regarding the characteristics of the resin, the characteristics of the finished product, the testing performed to determine the characteristics, and the quality control measures taken during manufacturing. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 8 OCTOBER 2011

18 The Geosynthetics Manufacturer(s) is responsible for the safe transportation of the geosynthetics between the manufacturing plant and the site. The Geosynthetics Manufacturer is responsible for carefully loading and transporting geosynthetics and accepts full responsibility for damage to the geosynthetics that may occur during these operations Geosynthetics Installer The Geosynthetics Installer(s) is responsible for unloading, field handling, storing, placing, seaming, temporarily anchoring against wind, and other aspects of geosynthetics installation in accordance with the CQA/QC Plan. The Geosynthetics Installer may also be responsible for the preparation and completion of anchor trenches. Prior to installation, the Geosynthetics Installer is responsible for the preparation of the panel layout drawing identifying fabricated and field seams including dimensions and details. Prior to site mobilization, the Geosynthetics Installer is responsible for providing the installation schedule and a list of proposed field personnel and their qualifications. The Geosynthetics Installer is responsible for providing quality control documentation and subgrade acceptance certificates. Upon completion of the installation, the Geosynthetics Installer shall provide the geomembrane installation certification, the Manufacturer's warranty, and the installation warranty Surveyor The Surveyor is a firm or person, retained by the Operator or Construction Manager, responsible for delineating and documenting all lines and grades associated with construction of the landfill. Surveying activities include surveying of all construction grades, including original ground surface, excavation, placement of compacted soil liner, and subbase and subsequent liner components. Additionally, the surveyor shall delineate the limits of the soils construction area and geosynthetic components, the location and elevation of pipes, and determine the limits and elevations of perimeter ditches, roads, and other relevant features. The Surveyor is also responsible for preparation of the construction Record Drawings which include plan views of constructed components or cross-sections necessary to estimate quantities of construction materials. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 9 OCTOBER 2011

19 3.2 Project Meetings To achieve a high degree of quality during construction, clear, open channels of communication are essential. The following meetings should be held when appropriate Resolution Meetings Following the selection of a CQA Consultant for the project, a Resolution Meeting may be held. This meeting shall include the involved parties, such as the Landfill Manager, the Construction Manager, the CQA Consultant, and possibly the Permit/Design Engineer. The purpose of this meeting is to begin planning for coordination of tasks, anticipate problems that might cause difficulties and delays in construction, and, above all, present the CQA/QC Plan to the parties involved. It is very important that the rules regarding testing, repair, etc. be known and accepted. The meeting shall include the following activities: Distribute relevant documents; Review critical design details of the project; Review the CQA/QC Plan; Make appropriate modifications to the CQA/QC Plan, if needed, to include CQA activities specific to the project; Select testing equipment and review protocols for the testing of materials; Confirm the methods for documenting and reporting, and for distributing documents and reports; and Confirm the lines of authority and communication. The CQA Consultant shall take minutes of the meeting and they shall be transmitted, to all the parties involved. The Resolution Meeting may be combined with the Pre-Construction Meeting described below Pre-Construction Meeting A Pre-Construction Meeting shall be held at the site. At a minimum, the meeting shall be attended by the Landfill Manger, the Construction Manager, the CQA Consultant's Certifying Engineer, the CQA Consultant's Lead Monitor(s), the Geosynthetics Installer's Superintendent, HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 10 OCTOBER 2011

20 the Earthwork Contractor's Superintendent, possibly the Permit/Design Engineer, and other involved parties. The Ohio EPA shall be invited to attend the Pre-Construction Meetings. A Pre-Construction Meeting shall be held prior to earthwork construction and prior to geosynthetics placement. This can be achieved through one or more meetings. Regardless, minutes of all meetings shall be taken by the CQA Consultant and shall be transmitted, to all the parties involved Daily Meetings A daily meeting may be held between the CQA Consultant, the Geosynthetics Installer, the Earthwork Contractor, the Construction Manager, and other involved parties on an as-needed basis. Those attending will discuss, plan, and coordinate the work and CQA activities to be completed that day. These meetings may be held informally and meeting minutes summarizing these meetings are not necessary Progress Meetings Progress meetings may be held between the Landfill Manger, the Construction Manager, the CQA Consultant, the Geosynthetic Installer, the Earthwork Contractor, and other involved parties, on an as-needed basis or approximately one per week. Those attending will discuss current progress, planned activities for the next week, and new business or revisions to the work. The CQA Consultant will log problems, decisions, or questions arising at this meeting. Minutes of the meeting shall be taken by the CQA Consultant and shall be transmitted to all parties of the meeting Problem or Work Deficiency Meetings A special meeting shall be held when and if a problem or deficiency, which would impact the construction schedule, is present or likely to occur. At a minimum, the meeting shall be attended by the contractor(s) involved, the Construction Manager, and the CQA Consultant. The purpose of the meeting is to define and resolve the problem or work deficiency as follows: Define and discuss the problem or deficiency; HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 11 OCTOBER 2011

21 Review alternative solutions; and Implement an action plan to resolve the problem or deficiency. The CQA Consultant shall take a record of the meeting and minutes shall be transmitted to all parties. 3.3 Qualifications of Key Personnel and Organizations The following qualifications shall be required of the key personnel and organizations involved in the construction of a solid waste disposal facility CQA Consultant The CQA Consultant shall be pre-qualified and approved by the Operator. The CQA Consultant shall be a qualified firm with experience in construction quality assurance and quality control, particularly on projects involving similar facets as the project to be completed. The CQA Consultant shall designate a Certifying Engineer who is a Professional Engineer registered in Ohio. The Certifying Engineer shall be responsible for the CQA personnel and their activities, as well as the preparation of a report to certify the project has been constructed in substantial compliance with the CQA/QC Plan, permit documents, drawings and specifications (if applicable). The CQA Consultant shall be capable of assigning technically qualified personnel to the project, including an on-site Lead CQA Monitor and CQA Monitors, as needed. The CQA Consultant may utilize multiple Lead CQA Monitors such that each Lead CQA Monitor may be brought on-site when project tasks are being performed for which the Lead CQA Monitor is experienced or specifically trained. The person designated as the Lead CQA Monitor shall possess a thorough knowledge of all aspects of earthwork and geosynthetic construction. CQA Monitors shall be specifically trained in quality assurance of geosynthetics, earthwork, concrete, piping, and other construction materials and techniques related to landfill construction. Unless otherwise approved by the Operator, the Lead Geosynthetic CQA Monitor shall be experienced in supervising the installation of various geosynthetic materials Soils CQA Laboratory The Soils CQA Laboratory shall be pre-qualified by the Operator or CQA Consultant. The Soils CQA Laboratory shall be experienced in performing laboratory tests to determine soil characteristics as required by this CQA/QC Plan. The Soils CQA Laboratory shall demonstrate HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 12 OCTOBER 2011

22 that it follows the standard test methods listed in the CQA/QC Plan and maintains the appropriate calibrated equipment to perform the tests Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory The Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory shall be pre-qualified by the Operator or CQA Consultant. The Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory shall be experienced in performing laboratory tests to determine geosynthetics characteristics as required by this CQA/QC Plan. The Geosynthetics CQA Laboratory shall demonstrate that it follows the standard test methods listed in the CQA/QC Plan and maintains the appropriate, calibrated equipment to perform the tests Earthwork Contractor The Earthwork Contractor shall be pre-qualified and approved by the Operator. The Earthwork Contractor shall be capable of assigning the personnel and equipment required to perform the work within the project schedule Geosynthetics Manufacturer The Geosynthetics Manufacturer(s) shall be able to provide sufficient production capacity and experience to meet the demands of the project. In particular, the Geomembrane Manufacturer shall be pre-qualified and approved by the Operator Geosynthetics Installer The Geosynthetics Installer(s) shall be trained and qualified to install geosynthetics. Prior to execution of contractual agreements with Operator, the Geomembrane Installer shall provide the Construction Manager with information demonstrating qualifications as required by this CQA/QC Plan. The Geomembrane Installer shall provide the Construction Manager with a list of proposed seaming personnel and their professional resumes. The Construction Manager and CQA Consultant shall review the certificate. Proposed seaming personnel deemed inexperienced shall not be accepted by the Construction Manager. The Geomembrane Installer shall designate one representative as a Superintendent, who will represent the Installer on-site and at site meetings. The Superintendent shall be qualified by experience and must also exhibit good management skills. The Construction Manager shall HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 13 OCTOBER 2011

23 approve the Superintendent. The Superintendent or designee approved by the Landfill Manger or Construction Manager shall be on-site at all times during all geosynthetic deployment and seaming activities. In addition, the Geomembrane Installer shall designate a Master Seamer, who shall not be the Superintendent. The Master Seamer shall be present during all seaming operations and shall be experienced with extrusion welding, fusion welding, and welding in both hot and cold weather. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 14 OCTOBER 2011

24 4.0 RECORD RETENTION PROCEDURES During construction, the CQA Consultant shall be responsible for keeping and maintaining records on-site including, but not limited to, test data, daily field reports, deviations from the CQA/QC Plan, permit documents, drawings, and/or specifications (if applicable) and testing equipment calibration. Many of these records will be included in the Construction Certification Report, to be submitted to the Ohio EPA upon completion of construction. A hard copy of the Construction Certification Report along with other Records pertaining to the project will be kept at the Landfill Office. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 15 OCTOBER 2011

25 5.0 SAMPLE ARCHIVING Testing samples shall be archived on-site by the CQA Consultant during construction activities. Samples sent to off-site laboratories shall be archived accordingly with the laboratory s archiving policy, and shall be made available upon request if re-testing is necessary. Upon approval of the Construction Certification Report by the Ohio EPA, archived samples may be disposed of. Samples to be archived include, but are not limited to, geomembrane destructive and trial seam tests samples and soil samples. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 16 OCTOBER 2011

26 6.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES 6.1 Structural Fill Introduction This section of the CQA/QC Plan presents the CQA activities that involve construction of ancillary facilities such as drainage, erosion, and sedimentation structures. Included in this section are the requirements for placing structural fill for areas in which grades will have to be raised for subsequent construction of elements of the disposal facility Structural Fill Structural fill is used as fill within low areas to raise existing grades to design grades, construct perimeter berms, and construct earthen berms or other earthen structures. The areas where structural fill will be placed shall be stripped of all topsoil and proof-rolled as an initial step. Any deleterious materials such as soft soils or organic matter shall be removed and the resulting void shall be filled with structural fill. In areas that require structural fill to establish design grades, structural fill shall be placed on the proof-rolled surface. Structural fill shall be placed and graded to prevent voids or bridging. Table 9.06 in Section 9.0 contains specific test methods to be used for placement of structural fill. It also contains a summary of the field and laboratory testing to be performed, sample locations, sample sizes, test frequencies, and acceptance criteria for structural fill material and placement requirements. The CQA Consultant shall prepare a construction documentation report for the structural fill based on a review of the CQA information and CQA monitoring performed during installation of the structural fill Structural Fill Repair The CQA Monitor shall monitor placement and compaction during placement of structural fill. Monitoring activities include both field and laboratory soils testing outlined in Table 9.06 as well as visual inspection of lift thickness and compaction. As structural fill is placed and compacted, pumping or rutting shall be noted. If pumping or rutting is determined to be excessive, the material exhibiting these characteristics shall be removed and replaced with competent structural fill material. The deficient material shall be removed from the structural fill area; HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 17 OCTOBER 2011

27 Effort shall be undertaken to remove all materials contributing to the pumping or rutting; Repairs may include (but not limited to): the installation of drains and piping to de-water the area. the installation of a separation geotextile prior to backfilling the excavated area. the first structural fill lift placed over the soft materials shall be one and a half (1.5) times the normal lift thickness. This initial structural fill lift, specifically containing a dry, higher rock content material than normal structural fill, shall act as a base for additional fill material. Its purpose is to provide a solid base for subsequent lifts of overlying structural fill and subbase soils. Should pumping or rutting persist, excavation of deficient soils shall be performed again; and If pumping is suspected to be a result of decaying trees and/or vegetation, an extensive effort shall be made to remove all organic and deleterious related materials. 6.2 Recompacted Soil Liner Introduction This section of the CQA/QC Plan addresses the CQA activities associated with the use of soils for the construction of the recompacted soil liner. The soils for the recompacted soil liner shall meet requirements for material characteristics and construction quality. Field and laboratory testing shall be performed to determine if the proposed soils meet the specifications included in Table Throughout construction, field and laboratory testing shall be performed to insure that the in-place soil material meets the requirements of this CQA/QC Plan with regard to material acceptance and construction quality Test Methods and Sampling Requirements Table 9.08 presents the laboratory and field test methods that shall be used to characterize and evaluate the construction quality of the recompacted soil liner soils. The tests shall be conducted in accordance with the current versions of the corresponding standard methods referenced. It also provides minimum test frequencies, approximate sample amounts, acceptance criteria, and locations of where the samples will be collected. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 18 OCTOBER 2011

28 6.2.3 Recompacted Soil Liner Material Selection Criteria/Testing The soil component of the separatory liner system shall comprise of a recompacted soil liner having a minimum thickness of two feet. The recompacted soil liner shall consist of relatively homogeneous, fine-grained soils free of rock particles greater than two inches in size, frozen material, organic material, and other foreign debris. The CQA Consultant shall obtain samples from within an identified soil borrow area and perform the testing indicated in Table 9.08, which contains information regarding the tests to be performed, frequencies, approximate sample size, and acceptance criteria Recompacted Soil Liner Test Pad Prior to constructing the recompacted soil liner, the Earthwork Contractor shall construct a test pad to model the recompacted soil liner. The purpose of the test pad shall be to verify that the proposed testing for the recompacted soil liner is appropriate and that the results are valid. Construction of the test pad will also serve to establish the construction details and verify their validity, or to establish that they must be amended to obtain sufficient compaction such that the permeability requirements are satisfied. The CQA Consultant shall monitor the construction of the test pad. A test pad was constructed with the soils to be used in the recompacted soil liner construction in the summer of A report summarizing the results of the test pad testing was submitted to the Ohio EPA in October Construction of the recompacted soil liner shall be in accordance with the approved test pad. If soils are to be used which are not similar to the current type or different construction methods are to be used, additional test pad(s) will be constructed and certified in accordance with OAC (E). The facility may choose to use the Best Fit Line of Optimums method (BFLO) if a BFLO line is submitted and approved by Ohio EPA prior to construction Soil Placement and Compaction Conditions The following items specify when, and under what conditions, placement and compaction of the recompacted soil liner may occur: 1. No soil shall be placed when free water is standing on the surface of the area where the soil is to be placed and compacted. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 19 OCTOBER 2011

29 2. No soil shall be placed or compacted in a frozen condition or on top of frozen materials, frozen subgrade, ice, or snow. 3. The work areas shall be kept dry during soil placement and compaction operations. Excavation areas shall be kept dry during soil placement. Soil around structures and piping shall be brought up evenly on all sides Placement of the Recompacted Soil Liner Placement of the recompacted soil liner shall meet the following guidelines: 1. The recompacted soil liner shall be placed in accordance with the approved test pad procedures. 2. The recompacted soil liner shall be placed to finish thicknesses and grades using specified materials, and compacted to specified densities. 3. The material shall be brought to the work area by scrapers or trucks and spread with dozers or compactors. Prior to compaction the material may be subjected to conditioning, as determined by the test pad construction, with a disc or other similar equipment, to ensure that the clod size does not exceed three inches, if necessary. 4. Unless otherwise specified or directed by the CQA Consultant, the recompacted soil liner shall be placed in horizontal lifts on the cell floor. Soil shall be placed in loose lifts not exceeding eight inches in thickness and shall be mixed and spread in a manner assuring uniform lift thickness after placing. 5. Soil containing organic materials or other unacceptable material shall be removed and replaced with approved soil material. 6. Measures shall be taken to adjust the soil moisture content in the event of a significant prolonged rain or drying during construction. Surfaces exposed to prolonged periods of wet or dry shall be properly scarified and brought to acceptable moisture content prior to placement of subsequent soil lifts. Should there be a concern by the Certifying Engineer, or designated representative thereof, that the integrity of the recompacted soil liner has been damaged due to excessive moisture or drying, the surface shall be reworked and tested to verify compliance with specifications. 7. Care shall be taken to avoid damaging the recompacted soil layer when placing and compacting any subsequent layers. 8. The final lift of a recompacted soil liner, which lies directly below the geomembrane, shall be finish graded and compacted with a smooth drum roller. Prior to compaction, the surface shall be inspected for rocks and any large protruding rocks shall be removed. After compacting, should any additional potentially damaging rocks work to the surface, they shall be removed. HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 20 OCTOBER 2011

30 9. Recompacted soil liner shall not have any abrupt changes in grade that may result in damage to the geosynthetics Construction Testing Testing will be performed by the CQA Consultant during construction to determine if the recompacted soil liner is being installed in accordance with the tests, test frequencies, and acceptance criteria established in Table 9.08 and the results of the test pad construction. Testing to be performed during construction shall include visual inspections of the soil placement and compaction; lift thickness verification; in-place density; and in-place moisture. The following are criteria to be followed during compaction of the recompacted soil liner: 1. The recompacted soil liner shall be compacted to a minimum of 90 percent of the maximum dry density in accordance with ASTM D1557 (Modified Proctor), or at least 95 percent of the maximum dry density as defined by ASTM D698 (Standard Proctor), at or above the optimum moisture content. The CQA Consultant will perform the compaction testing for each lift to assure that the moisture and density parameters are adequate to ensure the compacted lift meets the permeability requirements. The minimum percent compaction and moisture content during liner construction shall be the same as was used during approved test pad construction, unless the Director approves otherwise. 2. Compaction of soil shall be performed with equipment suitable for the type of material placed and capable of providing the combination of density and moisture content required. The equipment shall be a similar size, weight, and configuration as that used during approved test pad construction. 3. Compaction of liner or cap material around leachate collection manholes and other protrusions shall be conducted in a similar manner as the compaction in the liner system and cap system. When compaction is to be completed near any of these structures, a "spotter" shall be present to assist the compactor operator as necessary to prevent any damage to the systems. The spotter shall also check for any damage that may occur. 4. Compaction of recompacted soil liner on slopes shall be completed with equipment similar to that used for an approved test pad construction. If required, a bulldozer or other suitable equipment may be used to assist the compaction equipment moving up and down the slopes Recompacted Soil Liner CQA/QC The following are standard documentation and testing procedures to be followed during recompacted soil liner construction: HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 21 OCTOBER 2011

31 1. Daily records are to be maintained documenting all testing and sampling performed during construction including the location of the work, tester, equipment used, etc. 2. Field density and moisture shall be determined per ASTM D2922 using a nuclear density gauge. Density and moisture shall be determined at a frequency no less than five tests per acre per lift. For any moisture/density tests that fail project criteria, the area in question will be reworked until a passing test is obtained. Penetrations into the liner material resulting from testing shall be repaired by plugging with dry granular bentonite. 3. The nuclear densitometer used to complete field density checks shall be calibrated regularly per the manufacturer's recommendations. The CQA Consultant shall maintain records of the calibration. 4. Survey control shall be installed as needed to provide reference control points for field density testing and to verify lift thicknesses and final grade elevations. 5. Prior to placement of additional recompacted soil lifts, the CQA Consultant shall inspect the tested lift. If any frozen or excessively wetted areas exist, the affected area shall be removed or repaired and recompacted to meet the requirements of OAC (D)(8). In the event of adverse weather, a layer of sacrificial soil may be utilized to serve as a protective covering for a tested lift, if deemed necessary by the CQA Consultant. The layer of sacrificial soil shall be removed prior to placement of subsequent lifts. 6. Prior to placement of the geomembrane or drainage layer, where appropriate, the CQA Consultant shall inspect the recompacted soil liner for desiccation. If detrimental desiccation cracks are located, the affected area shall be removed or repaired and recompacted to meet the requirements of OAC Rule (D)(8), as deemed necessary by the CQA Consultant. 7. A Registered Land Surveyor in the State of Ohio shall provide final grade/location verification to assure that design grades and elevations are achieved within acceptable tolerances. Such tolerances shall be at the discretion of the CQA Consultant, but in no case shall the as-built facility fail to meet the engineering objectives as provided for on the approved plans regarding drainage, containment, or isolation requirements. 6.3 Liner System - Geosynthetics Introduction This section of the CQA/QC Plan presents information related to geosynthetic products that will be used for the flexible membrane liner portion of the separatory liner system. Following selection of the geosynthetics manufacturers, as described in Section 1.3, the manufacture, shipment, and installation of geosynthetics shall be conducted in accordance with the conformance test tables included in Section 9.0. Throughout this section, laboratory and field tests will be referred to by name. Section 9.0 outlines each proposed geosynthetics test, HULL & ASSOCIATES, INC. 22 OCTOBER 2011