Energy and Sustainable Cities Conference Architecture as Pedagogy: Design and Applied NUS

Transcription

1 Energy and Sustainable Cities Conference Architecture as Pedagogy: Design and Applied NUS Asst. Professor HUANG Yi Chun NUS, Department of Architecture 2012

2 OPTIMISM 0 What is the problem? Can we describe the problem? How do we devise a solution?

3 CHALLENGE 0 Data driven Decisions Type Price km/l CO2 (g/km) $ kgco2 Toyota Corolla $125, $1, Honda Civic $136, $1, Toyota Camry $162, $1, BMW 3 Series $216, $1, Monthly monetary and environmental cost Buildings Embodied energy? Operational energy? Local emission factors? Benchmarks? Normalized cost?

4 CHALLENGE 0 Meaningful solutions Integrated Design Current technologies can reduce building energy and CO2 by 30 50% New technologies integrated holistically with building design can achieve up to 70% (NSTC,2008) Goal driven, performance based Multi disciplinary, inclusive team Adaptive iterative o Objectives and metrics o Systemic thinking, integrated evaluation Monitoring protocols

5 SDE Architecture Architecture as Pedagogy 1 Design Research Emphasis on holistic, integrated, design approaches Applied Research Integrated Design Studios Solar Decathlon Building Audits and Retrofits Computational Design Support Tools Architecture is a kind of crystallized pedagogy and that buildings have their own hidden curriculum that teaches as effectively as any course taught in them (Orr, 2010)

6 NUS SOLAR DECATHLON Architecture as Pedagogy 2 SOLAR DECATHLON 2013 THE NUS TEAM National University of Singapore SD2013@nus.edu.sg

7 DESIGN BUILD OPERATE SOLAR HOMES China Solar Decathlon 2013 Source: In 2009, Solar Decathlon USA generated 300,000 visits National University of Singapore

8 10 Contests Contest Number Contest Name Available points Sub contest Type Brief Description 1 Architecture 100 Juried Architecture Jury reviews and evaluates the drawings, construction specifications, audiovisual architecture presentation and the final constructed project 2 Market Appeal 100 Juried Market Appeal Jury reviews and evaluate the drawings, construction specifications, audio visual sales presentation, and final constructed project 3 Engineering 100 Juried Engineering Jury reviews and evaluates the drawings, construction specs, energy analysis results and discussion, audiovisual engineering presentation and final constructed project 4 Communication 100 Juried Communication Jury reviews and evaluates the website, video walkthrough, on site public exhibit and public exhibit 5 Solar Application 100 Juried Solar Application Jury reviews and evaluates the drawings, construction specs, energy analysis results and discussion, audio visual solar application presentation and final constructed project 6 Comfort Zone 100 Measured/Monitored Keep zone temperature and humidity level between degrees Celsius and below 60% RH 7 Hot Water 100 Measured/Monitored Deliver 60L of water at 45 degrees Celsius within 10 minutes, 16 water draws during contest week 8 Appliances 100 Measured/Monitored Meet the minimum requirements 9 Home Entertainment 100 Measured/Monitored Meet the minimum requirements 10 Energy Balance 100 Measured/Monitored Produce at least as much electrical energy as is consumed National University of Singapore SD2013@nus.edu.sg

9 China-United States Tsinghua University and Florida International University Peking University and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign England-China London Metropolitan University and Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts Sweden Chalmers University of Technology Switzerland-China Beijing Jiaotong University and Bern University of Applied Sciences China Shanghai Jiaotong University Xiamen University Xi an University of Architecture and Technology Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Israel Tel Aviv University, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Neri Bloomfield School of Design and Education, College of Management Academic Studies Egypt American University in Cairo Turkey Middle East Technical University Australia University of Wollongong 23 teams, 36 universities, 13 countries National University of Singapore

10 Team NUS Integrates NUS Curriculum Comprises of 59 students from 10 Departments across 4 Faculties Modules Involved AR3101 Architecture Design 5 AR3102 Architecture Design 6 AR3323 Architecture Construction 3 AR4104 Architecture & Technology 2 AR4322 Design Simulation and Analysis AR5322 Renewable Energy & Architecture AR5359J Special Topics in Technology ME3101 Mechanical Systems Design 1 ME3102 Mechanical Systems Design 2 EG2606 Independent Work Project Provides Cross- Disciplinary Exposure National University of Singapore SD2013@nus.edu.sg

11 MISSION Statement Our mission is to design, build and operate a solarpowered home, with architects, builders and engineers collaborating from the inception concept to completion. While the focus of our efforts is on the local context, we aim to incorporate contemporary, innovative and sustainable design solutions, suitable for an urban and tropical setting, to address living-space constraints and climate change challenges. After the competition in China, the house will be relocated back to NUS as a permanent showcase of sustainable design & innovative technologies in the tropics (Teaching & Research platform) National University of Singapore SD2013@nus.edu.sg

12 Architectural Concept & Strategy In respond to the harsh climate, the house utilizes the PROTECTIVE SKIN as a passive strategy to provide SOLAR PROTECTION for the solar house. SOLAR SHIELD GLARE HEAT SPATIAL SEGREGATION PEDAGOGICAL VALUES VENTILATION National University of Singapore SD2013@nus.edu.sg

13 Integrated Systems & Innovative Technologies Zero Energy Building Low Voltage Direct Current System HVAC System Water Recycling System National University of Singapore

14 Performance based Design (Simulation)

15 PV Tracking National University of Singapore

16 LVDC National University of Singapore

17 Sponsorships required PV Panels and System Solar Collectors and System Cladding System Steel & Aluminum Structure Louver Facade BIPV Louvers and System Exterior Timber decking Ironmongery Landscaping National University of Singapore

18 Interior Renders PEDAGOGY CORRIDOR Bedroom office Flexibility Party setting Flexibility National University of Singapore

19 LIVING Sponsorships required LED Lighting Home Automation & Controls Home Appliances PEDAGOGY CORRIDOR Furniture Interior Floor Finishes Interior Wall Finishes MASTER Interior Ceiling Finishes Toilet fixtures Door & Windows National University of Singapore

20 Competition Timeline National University of Singapore

21 Initiated by Integrated Sustainability Solution Cluster, Office of the Provost Faculty of Engineering School of Design and Environment Main corporate Sponsors Advisors National University of Singapore

22 Equipment and services sponsors National University of Singapore

23 COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN SUPPORT TOOLS Automatic Carbon Calculator JTC Funded research project 3 Research Objective To effectively manage the carbon perspective in the planning and design of JTC developments Enabling Innovative Technology Automatic carbon tool that tracks carbon performance across development stages Research Tasks Carbon Calculation Methodologies Building Information Modeling (BIM) Automatic BIM Completion Automatic Energy Simulations Visualization of Carbon Results A software tool that automatically calculates carbon without any additional user intervention

24 PREMISE Challenges Inherent Problems in Contemporary Carbon Tools Lack Transparency in assumed parameters, calculation methods & database Inconsistency in carbon calculation methods & conversion factors Lack of localized empirical data Lack scalability across design stages due to varying LOD 5 Carbon calculators used as post design evaluation tool; minimal impact on carbon reduction 6 Carbon calculation tedious & time consuming due to noninteroperable data, semantic and syntactical differences

25 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 1 Carbon Phases Established Calculation Method Revit BIM Databases Context based Assumptions EnergyPlus Simulation CO 2 = Mass(m 3 ) X Density (kg/m 3 ) X Carbon Emission (kgco 2 /kg) Embodied + GFA(m 2 ) X Op. HoursX Building Load (W/m 2 ) X Carbon Emission (kgco 2 /kg) Operational

26 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 2 No change to current work processes, industry standards Revit Architecture2011 Carbon Graphs User Interface Carbon Results * Revit Plug in Revit Model Manager IFC 2x3 Project wide Datasets (IFC) Calculator Modules Visualization Modules Design Optimizer Domain Object Model Materials & Construction Building Products & Technologies Context based Assumptions JTC Automatic Carbon Calculator *implemented in C# Framework Current Project Data Population in future projects Domain Simulation Tools Energy Simulation (EnergyPlus) in Current Project Other domain simulations in future projects

27 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 2 Full Automation

28 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 2 Full Automation

29 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 3 GUI Drill down concept & Transparency Calculation Methodology Help Files Carbon Overview Embodied Operational Case Studies

30 SOFTWARE DESIGN Innovation 4 Empirical case based Assumptions General Office R&D Lab Flatted Factory Ramp up Factory Contextual Database

31 SOFTWARE DESIGN Design Support Comparative + Scalability Planning Design Comparison Site Features Building Features Model Comparison Iteration Carbon Strategies Simulation Data Input Carbon Comparison Iteration Carbon Comparison Carbon Comparison Carbon Offsetting

32 THANK YOU Any Questions? 5 Department of Architecture School of Design and Environment