BRIDGE GIRDERS TECHNICAL GUIDE

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1 ARMTEC.COM BRIDGE MATERIALS / / TECHNICAL GUIDE REGIONal SPECIFICATIONS / AB / MB / SK PRECAST CONCRETE GIRDERS AND BEAMS DESIGNED TO SUPPORT BRIDGE DECKS AND TRAFFIC LOADS Proven strength In-house engineering Readily available Various girder types

Armtec girders are manufactured under controlled factory conditions. While prestressed beams are designed for single-span applications, some girders can be post-tensioned to form continuous spans.

2 Armtec is a major manufacturer of precast prestressed concrete girders designed to support bridge decks and traffic loads. The durability, cost effectiveness and low maintenance of precast concrete, have made it the dominant structural material for short to medium span bridges. Armtec girders are manufactured under controlled factory conditions. While prestressed beams are designed for single-span applications, some girders can be post-tensioned to form continuous spans. Proven strength Durable, cost effective and easy to maintain Readily available Manufactured year-round in controlled conditions TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Rail bridges For girder details applicable to regions outside of Armtec s Prairie Region, refer to the appropriate Bridge Girders Technical Guide In-house engineering and installation Able to meet unique aesthetic, schedule, span and load requirements Various girder types NU, trapezoidal, single box, Saskatchewan SLC, SL and SLW available CALGARY, AB - FOOTHILLS CONNECTOR AT 16 TH AVENUE CALGARY, AB - M c KNIGHT FLYOVER AT 36 TH STREET 2

3 NU GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The high level of prestressing will normally require the use of high strength concrete. The span capability diagrams were developed using a 28-day concrete strength of ƒ'c=70mpa. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete may contain silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: The minimum release strength assumed was 45MPa. Where there are two dashed lines in the charts, they represent limits for 45MPa and 50MPa release strength. Any point on a chart above the 45MPa line indicates a situation where the release strength has to be higher than 45MPa due to handling stress limitations. This situation would require special mix designs which may increase the cost. The concrete deck 28-day strength was assumed to be 45MPa. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Rail bridges EDMONTON, AB - SOUTH LRT OVER WHITEMUD DRIVE 3

4 SPAN CAPABILITY Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, and meets the requirements of ASTM A416, with an area of 140mm². The initial jacking force is 75% A p ƒ pu = 195kN Girders with a Span to Depth Ratio >20 typically use up to an additional four 15mm strands in the top flange to control the lateral stability of the girder at handling and transportation. End stresses were not checked for all span conditions indicated in the charts. Stresses may be controlled by debonding and/ or deflecting selected strands at the ends of the girders. Post-Tensioning NU Girders may be post-tensioned to form continuous beams. Reference should be made to CAN/CSA-S6. For long span post-tensioned bridges, oiled strand (using approved corrosion inhibiting oil) may lead to decreased friction coefficients. Contact a local representative for more information about Armtec s experience constructing bridge beams with oiled post-tensioning strand. DESIGN CRITERIA The span capability charts were developed in accordance with the CAN/CSA-S6 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Simple spans were assumed for all loads Calculations were done for interior girders. Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 800 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 800 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the untopped section are: Girder self weight 75mm thick haunch 2mm thick deck Cross bracing (0.5kN/m per girder) Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 90mm thick asphalt Railing and curbs (13kN/m total load per bridge) Lanes A lane width of 3.3m, and the width of the bridge was calculated as: (# of Lanes x Lane Width) + 2 x 0.5m Multi-lane reduction factor (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Prestress Losses Assumed average values of prestress losses: Initial losses = 8% Final losses = 20% Allowable Stresses Service Tension stresses at the bottom of the section at midspan are limited to 0.4 ƒ ' c Compressive stress is not limited at service, although the ratio c:d p is limited to 0.5 Release and Handling Tension stresses are limited to 0.5 ƒ ' ci (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Compressive stresses are limited to 0.6ƒ ' ci 4

5 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 2,800 x 185* Span Capability Diagram** 1,260mm Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) ,800mm 135mm 140mm 2,415mm 45mm 65mm 1,010mm 185mm A = X 10 3 mm 2 I x I y y b V/S = X 10 9 mm 4 = X 10 9 mm 4 = 1,297.6mm = 88mm b w = 185mm w = 18.86kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m ,400 x 185* Span Capability Diagram** 1,260mm Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) f ' ci *** = 50MPa f ' ci *** = 45MPa ,400mm 135mm 140mm 2,015mm 45mm 65mm 1,010mm 185mm A = X 10 3 mm² I x I y y b V/S = X 10 9 mm 4 = X 10 9 mm 4 = 1,106mm = 87mm b w = 185mm w = 17.12kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m³ * (Girder depth) x (Web width) ** Based on 0.4 ƒ ' c allowable tension at midspan *** Concrete release strength 5

6 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 2,000 x 185* Span Capability Diagram** 1,260mm Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) f' ci *** = 50 MPa f' ci *** = 45 MPa ,000mm 135mm 140mm 1,615mm 45mm 65mm 1,010mm 185mm A = X 10 3 mm 2 I x I y y b V/S = X 10 9 mm 4 = X 10 9 mm 4 = 916.4mm = 86mm b w = 185mm w = 15.38kN/m γ = 2,400kg/m ,600 x 185* Span Capability Diagram** 1,260mm Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) f' ci *** = 50 MPa f' ci *** = 45 MPa ,600mm 135mm 140mm 1,215mm 45mm 65mm 1,010mm 185mm A = X 10 3 mm 2 I x I y y b V/S = X 10 9 mm 4 = X 10 9 mm 4 = 729.4mm = 86mm b w = 185mm w = 13.63kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m * (Girder depth) x (Web width) ** Based on 0.4 ƒ ' c allowable tension at midspan *** Concrete release strength 6

7 1,200 x 185* Span Capability Diagram** 1,260mm Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) f' ci *** = 50 MPa f' ci *** = 45 MPa ,200mm 135mm 140mm 815mm 45mm 65mm 1,010mm 185mm A = X 10 3 mm 2 I x I y y b V/S = X 10 9 mm 4 = X 10 9 mm 4 = 546.2mm = 85mm b w = 185mm w = 11.89kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m * (Girder depth) x (Web width) ** Based on 0.4 ƒ ' c allowable tension at midspan *** Concrete release strength 7

8 CROSS-SECTION DETAIL (4)-15.2Ømm TOP STRANDS COV (4)-15.2Ømm TOP STRANDS MW01 OUTWARD BEND FOR EPOXY BAR ONLY MESH LAP 45 COV MW01 45 (2)-10M CONT. EA. FACE OUTWARD BEND FOR EPOXY BAR ONLY MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD103 MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD COV =150 MW SP. MW01 (2)-10M CONT. EA. FACE (1)-10M CONT. EA. 50 =150 MW02 MW03 (2)-10M CONT. EA. FACE (4)-15.2Ømm TOP STRANDS (1)-10M CONT. EA. FACE COV 35 COV MW = COV = = MW =150 MW03 MW02 15M EPOXY, BLACK, STAINLESS STEEL OR MMFX STIRRUP = = Reinforcing with Post-Tensioning near Midspan 35 COV OUTWARD BEND FOR EPOXY BAR ONLY (1)-10M 200 CONT. 150 EA. FACE 280 (4)-15.2Ømm MW01 (2)-10M CONT. EA. FACE (1)-10M CONT. EA. FACE MW M EPOXY, BLACK, STAINLESS STEEL OR MMFX STIRRUP 78 I.D./81 O.D. MAX. DUCT TYP. (MAX. 12 STRAND TENDON) POST-TENSIONED 35 GIRDER COV OPTION (26)-15.2mmØ DEFLECTED STRAND 4 50 = COV. 85 PRESTRESSED ONLY GIRDER OPTION (46)-15.2mmØ STRAIGHT STRAND MAX = = MESH LAP 78 I.D./81 O.D. TOP MAX. STRANDS DUCT TYP. (MAX. 12 STRAND TENDON) POST-TENSIONED GIRDER OPTION OUTWARD BEND FOR EPOXY BAR ONLY MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD = COV. 15M EPOXY, BLACK, STAINLESS STEEL OR MMFX STIRRUP 78 I.D./81 O.D. MAX. DUCT TYP. (MAX. 12 STRAND TENDON) POST-TENSIONED GIRDER OPTION (26)-15.2mmØ DEFLECTED STRAND PRESTRESSED 35 ONLY COV. GIRDER OPTION SCALE: SCALE 1:15 85 (26)-15.2mmØ DEFLECTED STRAND 4 50 =600 MESH LAP 85 MD45, MD65, OR MD103 MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD103 (46)-15.2mmØ STRAIGHT STRAND MAX. PRESTRESSED ONLY GIRDER OPTION (6)-MD45, MD65, OR MD103 15M 80 EPOXY, = 350 BLACK, 150 = (46)-15.2mmØ STAINLESS STEEL OR 1170 STRAIGHT STRAND MAX. MMFX STIRRUP 78 I.D./81 O.D. MAX. DUCT TYP. (MAX. 12 STRAND TENDON) POST-TENSIONED GIRDER OPTION 4 50 = COV. (26)-15.2mmØ DEFLECTED STRAND 85 PRESTRESSED ONLY GIRDER OPTION (46)-15.2mmØ STRAIGHT STRAND MAX. MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 SCALE: SCALE 1:15 MW SCALE: SCALE 1:15 MW (6)-MD45, MD65, OR MD Ø PIN MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR MD45, MD65, OR MD (6)-MD45, MD65, OR MD MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD103 MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD (8)-MD45, MD65, OR MD Ø PIN MD45 MD65 O MD103 x (8)-MD45, MD65, OR MD Ø PIN MD45 MD65 OR (2)-MD45 MD103 x 890 LG SCALE: SCALE 1:15 60Ø PIN 80Ø PIN SCALE: SCALE 1: (8)-MD45, MD65, OR MD MW03 MESH SPACING = 75, 100, 150, 200, OR 300 MD45, MD65, OR MD MD45 MD65 OR MD103 x 890 LG (2)-MD45 SCALE: SCALE 1:15 8

9 BRACING DETAIL 3/4"Ø BOLT (VARIES) C/W (2)-STD. WASHERS (1)-STD. HEX. NUT (2)-PL. WASHERS 8 x50 x50 3/4"Ø TYLOOP INSERT (VARIES) EXTERIOR GIRDER 3/4Ø BOLT c/w (1)NUT (2)-WASHERS (2)-PL. WASHERS 8 x 50 x 50 PL 16mm THICK L. 102 x102 x7.9 (VARIES) c/w 23 x50 LG. SLOTTED HOLES TYP. GUSSET PL 16mm THICK c/w 23Ø x 50 LG. SLOT c/w WEB PLATE 20MM THICK Typical Steel Diaphragm 9

10 BEARING DETAIL 1010 (+0,-2) = = CHAMFER PL. 22 x 650 x1010 C/W (20) - 19Ø x 1 L.G. H.A.S. (10) - 19Ø x 75 L.G. H.A.S. Typical NU Shoe Plate VENT TUBE POST-TENSIONING DUCT SPLICE VENT TUBE POST-TENSIONING DUCT SPLICE PROJECTING STRAND SHIM PLATES HOLES FOR DIAPHRAGM REBAR HOLES FOR DIAPHRAGM REBAR CAST IN PLACE DIAPHRAGM CAST IN PLACE DIAPHRAGM NEOPRENE PAD TEMPORARY SUPPORT BEARING DETAIL 1 FIXED PIER Fixed Bearing BEARING DETAIL 2 SLIDING PIER Sliding Bearing 10

11 TRAPEZOIDAL GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The span capability diagrams were developed using a 28-day minimum concrete strength of ƒ'c = 70MPa. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete contains silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: The minimum concrete release strength was assumed to be 45MPa. The concrete deck minimum 28-day strength was assumed to be 35MPa. Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, meeting the requirements of ASTM A416, Grade 1860, with an area of 140mm 2. Initial jacking force is 75% A p ƒ pu = 195kN The height of the prestressing force centre above soffit was assumed to be 85mm. End stresses were not checked for all span conditions. They may be controlled by debonding selected strands at the ends of the girders. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Rail bridges DESIGN CRITERIA The span capability charts were developed in accordance with the CAN/CSA-S6 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Simple spans were assumed for all loads Calculations were done for interior girders. Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 800 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 800 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the untopped section are: Girder self weight 75mm thick haunch 2mm thick deck Cross bracing (0.5kN/m per girder) Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 90mm thick asphalt Railing and curbs (13kN/m total load per bridge) Lanes A lane width of 3.3m, and the width of the bridge was calculated as: (# of Lanes x Lane Width) + 2 x 0.5m Multi-lane reduction factor (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Prestress Losses Assumed average values of prestress losses: Initial losses = 8% Final losses = 20% Allowable Stresses Service Tension stresses at the bottom of the section at midspan are limited to 0.4 ƒ ' c Compressive stress is not limited at service, although the ratio c/d p is limited to 0.5 Release and Handling Tension stresses are limited to 0.5 ƒ ' ci (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Compressive stresses are limited to 0.6ƒ ' ci 11

TRAPEZOIDAL GIRDER LIFTED INTO PLACE DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 2,200* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,354 X 10 3 mm 2 I x = 810.755 X 10 9 mm 4 62 Girder spacing (m) 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 y b V/S = 1,129mm = 101mm w = 32.

12 TRAPEZOIDAL GIRDER LIFTED INTO PLACE DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 2,200* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,354 X 10 3 mm 2 I x = X 10 9 mm 4 62 Girder spacing (m) y b V/S = 1,129mm = 101mm w = 32.12kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m 3 Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands mm 3,140mm 1,826mm 180mm (min.) 657mm 200mm 150mm 170mm 1,680mm 2,200mm 150mm 150mm mm 370mm 1,660mm 370mm 220mm * Girder depth ** Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan 12

13 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 2,050* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,265 X 10 3 mm 2 I x = X 10 9 mm 4 y b = 1,039mm 62 Girder spacing (m) V/S = 98mm w = 30.4kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m 3 Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands mm 3,140mm 1,816mm 1,350mm 180mm (min.) 662mm 200mm 150mm 170mm 1,530mm 2,050mm 150mm 150mm mm 340mm 1,660mm 340mm 0mm 2,000* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,198 X 10 3 mm 2 = X 10 9 mm 4 I x y b = 984mm 62 Girder spacing (m) V/S = 94mm w = 29.54kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m 3 Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands mm 3,140mm 1,816mm 1,350mm 180mm (min.) 662mm 170mm 150mm 200mm 1,480mm 2,000mm 150mm 150mm mm 330mm 1,660mm 330mm 260mm * Girder depth ** Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan 13

14 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 1,800* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,130 X 10 3 mm 2 I x = X 10 9 mm 4 y b = 894mm 62 Girder spacing (m) V/S = 94mm w = 26.85kN/m Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands γ = 2,450kg/m 3 666mm 150mm 3,140mm 1,808mm 180mm (min.) 666mm 170mm 150mm 200mm 1,280mm 150mm 1,800mm mm 440mm 1,660mm 290mm 300mm 1,650* Span Capability Diagram** A = 1,042X 10 3 mm 2 = X 10 9 mm 4 I x 62 Girder spacing (m) y b = 802mm V/S = 90mm w = 24.78kN/m Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands γ = 2,450kg/m 3 668mm 3,140mm 1,804mm 1,350mm 180mm (min.) 668mm 450mm 290mm 1,660mm 290mm 450mm 200mm 1,280mm 170mm 1,650mm * Girder depth ** Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan 14

15 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES 1,600* Span Capability Diagram** A = 975 X 10 3 mm 2 I x y b = X 10 9 mm 4 = 746mm Number of 15 mm Diameter Strands Girder spacing (m) V/S = 85mm w = 24.78kN/m γ = 2,450kg/m 3 668mm 3,140mm 1,804mm 1,350mm 180mm (min.) 668mm 150mm 1,280mm 1,600mm mm 290mm 1,660mm 290mm 450mm 170mm * Girder depth ** Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan 15

16 3,140 15M Stirrup (Epoxy, Black, MMFX or Stainless Steel) M Rebar Length of girder VARIES MW02 Typical each side I.D. / 76 O.D. max. P.T. Duct typical for Ø strand tendon max. MW01 Typical each side COV. COV. MW04 Inspection Hatch 37 COV. 35 COV Ø strand 80 MW = 1, Girder drains as specified 1,660 Girder Cross-Section 16

17 TYPICAL INSPECTION and cover HATCH DETAILs SECTION PLAN DETAIL HATCH COVER 17

18 TUB MESH DETAIL MW01 MW02 MW03 MW04 18

19 SINGLE void BOX GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The span capability diagrams were developed using a 28-day minimum concrete strength of ƒ'c = 70MPa. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete may contain silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, meeting the requirements of ASTM A416, Grade 1860, with an area of 140mm 2. Initial jacking force is 75% A p ƒ pu = 195kN End stresses were not checked for all span conditions. They may be controlled by debonding selected strands at the ends of the girders or by deflected strand. TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Rail bridges The minimum concrete release strength was assumed to be 45MPa. The concrete deck minimum 28-day strength was assumed to be 35MPa. DESIGN CRITERIA The span capability charts were developed in accordance with the CAN/CSA-S6 Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code. Simple spans were assumed for all loads Calculations were done for interior girders. Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 800 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 800 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the untopped section are: Girder self weight 1mm thick deck Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 90mm thick asphalt Railing and curbs (13kN/m total load per bridge) Lanes A lane width of 3.3m, and the width of the bridge was calculated as: (# of Lanes x Lane Width) + 2 x 0.5m Multi-lane reduction factor (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Prestress Losses Assumed average values of prestress losses: Initial losses = 8% Final losses = 20% Allowable Stresses Service Tension stresses at the bottom of the section at midspan are limited to 0.4 ƒ ' c Compressive stress is not limited at service, although the ratio c:d p is limited to 0.5 Release and Handling Tension stresses are limited to 0.5 ƒ ' ci (CAN/CSA-S6, Clause ) Compressive stresses are limited to 0.6ƒ ' ci 19

20 DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES Single Void Box Girder Span Capability Diagram* 1, ,20 Number of 15mm Diameter Strands Girder Depth (mm) ,000 1,100 1,200 1,300 f 'ci** = 45MPa * Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan ** Concrete release strength DEPTH Section Depth WEB (NOMINAL) 1 100x100 CHAMFER 1, Self Weight Area I x 10 9 Y b V/S b w mm kn/m mm² mm 4 mm mm mm , , , , , , , , , , Maximum 21 bottom strands in one row, 60mm from soffit Maximum 24 draped strands, 12 per web, with centroid at 335mm from soffit DEPTH WEB (NOMIN 1 100x100 CHA 1,19 20 Single Void Special Box Girder Span Capability Diagram** Number of 15mm Diameter Strands ,206 Girder Depth (mm) f 'ci** = 50MPa DEPTH f 'ci** = 45MPa1 WEB (NOMINAL) 100x100 CHAMFER 1, S * Based on 0.4 (ƒ ' c) allowable tension at midspan ** Concrete release strength S 1300S DEPTH Section Depth 1,206 WEB (NOMINAL) 1 100x100 CHAMFER 1, Self Weight Area I x 10 9 Y b V/S b w mm kn/m mm² mm 4 mm mm mm 1,100S , ,200S , ,300S , Maximum 42 bottom strands in two rows, spaced at 50mm, in one row 60mm from soffit Maximum 24 draped strands, 12 per web, with centroid at 335mm from soffit

21 SASKATCHEWAN BOX GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The 28-day minimum concrete strength is ƒ'c = 35MPa. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete contains silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS CAN/CSA S6-06 Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 750 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 750 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Pipeline crossings Agricultural crossings The minimum concrete release strength was assumed to be 27MPa. Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, meeting the requirements of ASTM A416, Grade 1860, with an area of 140mm 2. Load Factors 1.2D + 1.5D (surfacing) + 1.7L Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 80mm thick asphalt Initial jacking force is 71% A p ƒ pu = 185kN DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES* WEB 1, WEB Height Bottom Top Web TOP TOP HEIGHT BOTTOM HEIGHT BOTTOM WEB 80 WEB 1,190 Girder Section 1,190 1,216 Curb Section PRECAST SECTION PROPERTIES AND SPAN RANGE** Section Depth Self Weight* Area I xx x 10 9 S b x 10 6 Y b Span Range (m) mm kn/m mm² mm 4 mm 3 mm , , , * Based on a concrete density of 2,450 kg/m 3 ** Section properties are of the section including all holes 21

22 SLC GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The 28-day minimum concrete strength is ƒ'c = 50MPa. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete contains silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS CAN/CSA S6-06 Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 6 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 6 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Pipeline crossings Agricultural crossings The minimum concrete release strength was assumed to be 30MPa. Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, meeting the requirements of ASTM A416, Grade 1860, with an area of 140mm 2. Initial jacking force is 70% A p ƒ pu = 182kN Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the untopped section are: Girder self weight 1mm or 150mm thick deck Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 80mm thick asphalt Ø435 TYP SLC 700 Girder Section DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES* Ø279 TYP SLC 510 Girder Section 1190 SLC 510 Curb Section 1190 SLC 700 Curb Section PRECAST SECTION PROPERTIES AND SPAN RANGE** Section Self Number of 15mm Strand Weight* Area I xx x 10 9 Y b Span Range (m) mm kn/m mm² mm 4 mm SLC , SLC 510 CURB , SLC , SLC 700 CURB , * Based on a concrete density of 2,450kg/m 3 ** Section properties are of the section including all holes 22

23 SL AND slw GIRDERS MATERIAL PROPERTIES Concrete The 28-day minimum concrete strength is ƒ'c = 50MPa for all spans except the 14.0m span, and 70MPa for the 14.0m span only. The unit weight of concrete was assumed to be 2,450kg/m³. The concrete contains silica fume with air entrainment of 5% to 8%. The modulus of elasticity of concrete was calculated using the formula: DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS CAN/CSA S6-06 Lane Load A uniformly distributed load of 9kN/m, that is 3.0m wide as a lane load, superimposed with a CL 6 truck, with each axle reduced to 80% Truck Load A CL 6 truck load, including a % dynamic load allowance TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Road bridges Pedestrian bridges Pipeline crossings Agricultural crossings The minimum concrete release strength was assumed to be 35MPa for all spans except the 14.0m span, and 40MPa for the 14.0m span only. Prestressing Strand The prestressing strand is 15mm in diameter, uncoated, seven-wire, low relaxation strand, meeting the requirements of ASTM A416, Grade 1860, with an area of 140mm 2. Initial jacking force is 70% A p ƒ pu = 182kN Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the untopped section are: Girder self weight Superimposed Dead Loads Dead loads considered to act on the topped section are: 80mm thick asphalt DIMENSIONS AND SECTION PROPERTIES* SLW 510 Interior Girder Section SLW 510 Exterior Girder Section PRECAST SECTION PROPERTIES AND SPAN RANGE** Section Self No. of 15mm Strand Weight A I xx x 10 9 Y b Span Range (m) kn/m* mm² mm 4 mm SL , SLW 510 Interior , SLW 510 Exterior , * Based on a concrete density of 2,450kg/m 3 ** Section properties are of the section including all holes 23

24 Drawings and product details are for information and/or illustrative purposes only and may vary. Please contact your Armtec representative for the most current product information. Armtec is a leading Canadian infrastructure and construction materials company combining creative engineered solutions, relevant advice, dedicated people, proven products and a national presence with a local focus on exceptional customer service ARMTEC ARMTEC.COM PROD-C01-G03TG E Armtec / Products and Services / Bridge Materials / Bridge Girders / Technical Guide REGIONAL SPECIFICATIONS AB / MB / SK

ST7008 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

ST7008 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE QUESTION BANK UNIT-I PRINCIPLES OF PRESTRESSING PART-A 1. Define modular ratio. 2. What is meant by creep coefficient? 3. Is the deflection control essential? Discuss. 4. Give