A Study on Mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Concrete

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1 A Study on Mechanical Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Concrete 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL Durability of a material is defined as the Mr.S.Sabarinathan 1 service life of a material under given environmental Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Shree Venkateshwara Hi Tech Engineering College, Othakuthirai, Gobi sabari.sudakar@gmail.com conditions. The above definition holds good for all concrete and cemetitious composites. However, in case of natural fibre composite, not only the environment, but also the internal environment in the Mr.R.Pradeep2, Ms.G.Janaranjani3, Mr.S.Arjun4, Mr.M.Balakumar5 IV th year Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Shree Venkateshwara Hi Tech Engineering College, Othakuthirai, Gobi pradeepcivil63@gmail.com Abstract -- Worldwide, a great deal of research is currently being conducted concerning the use of fiber reinforced plastic wraps, laminates and sheets, in repair and in strengthening reinforced members. Natural fibers have long been used for this purpose as subject of Investigation for their use as reinforcement in concrete in order to reduce the cost of the construction and increase the strength of the concrete. It also be used to attain a high strength and stiffness with low component weight. Natural fibers are not only strong and lightweight but also relatively very cheap. Natural fibers are effective and economically produce good quality fiber. Natural fibers are straw, elephant grass, palm leaf, coconut coir etc. Sisal fiber is then most widely used natural fiber and is easily cultivated in India. The processing techniques are physical and mechanical properties. Sisal fiber is an agricultural product. It is used as reinforcement in concrete. Sisal fiber is used to increase the strength of the building. Conventional concrete is strong in compression and weak in tension. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength and tensile strength are determined. The various percentage of sisal fibers such as, 1., and will be added in M30 grade of cement. Water absorption, sorptivity and acid attack test will also be done in this project. matrix, plays a combined role in determining its durability. Sisal fibre is obtained from the leaves of the Agave sisalana produced in tropical region. Sisal fibre has high cellulose content (7) and density (about g/cm3). The material is chosen to improve the various strength properties of a structure to obtain sustainability and better quality structure. The advantages of natural fibre materials are strength, durability, reduce cost of environmental compatibility and bio degradability.it is a hard and tough fibre. In components such as slabs and pavements, fibre is added to control cracking induced by temperature variation. Most of the studies on sisal fiber concrete involve the use of ordinary Portland cement. However high alumina cement with additives such as fly ash, slag, silica fume, have been used to improve the durability of the composites A. Objective of the project To determine the properties of fresh concrete with and without sisal fibre. To determine the mechanical properties of concrete with sisal fiber. To determine the optimum percentage of sisal fiber. To determine the durability of concrete. To compare the results with and without sisal fiber. Keywords -sisal fiber, reinforced concrete, compression strength, split tension, Page 16

2 B. Scope of the project where the need for repairing, increased durability Concrete is widely used in structural engineering with its high compressive strength, low cost and abundant raw arises also avoid the corrosion at the maximum. Fibre reinforced concrete is better suited to minimize material. But common concrete has two major deficiencies, a cavitation erosion damage in structures such as low tensile strength and a low strain at fracture. The tensile sluice-ways, navigational locks and bridge piers strength of concrete is very low because plain concrete where high velocity flows are encountered also avoid normally contains numerous micro cracks. It is the rapid catastrophic failures in bridges. propagation of these micro cracks under applied stress that is Also in the quake prone areas the use of fibre responsible for the low tensile strength of the material. To reinforced concrete would certainly minimize the overcome these deficiencies, additional materials are added to human casualties. improve the performance of concrete. Current research has developed a new concept to increase the concrete ductility and its energy absorption capacity, as well as to improve overall durability. This new generation technology utilizes fibers, which if randomly dispersed throughout the concrete matrix, provides better distribution of both internal and external stresses by using a three dimensional reinforcing network. The primary role of the fibers in hardened concrete is to modify the cracking mechanism. By modifying the cracking II. MATERIALS A. Cement 53 grade Ordinary Portland cement is used for the study program. The properties of this cement have been tested and given below: Specific gravity of Cement = 3.15 Initial Setting Time = 30 minutes concrete and the ultimate cracking strain of the concrete is B. Fine Aggregate River sand was used in preparing the concrete as it was locally available in sand quarry. The properties of this fine aggregate have been tested and given below: enhanced. Specific gravity of fine aggregate = 2.7 Water absorption = 2.5% mechanism, the macro-cracking becomes micro-cracking. The cracks are smaller in width, thus reducing the permeability of C. Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material which increase its structural integrity. It contains short discrete fibres that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. Fibres include steel fibres, glass fibres, synthetic fibres and natural fibres. Within these different fibres that character of fibre-reinforced concrete changes with varying concretes, fibre materials, geometries, distribution, orientation and densities. D. Advantages of Fibre reinforced concrete C. Coarse Aggregate Aggregate must be equal to or better than the hardened cement to withstand the designed loads and the effects of weathering. The properties of this coarse aggregate have been tested and given below: Specific gravity CA = 2.6 Bulk density of coarse aggregate = /m3 Water absorption = D. Water Potable water available in laboratory with ph value of 7.0 ± 1 and confirming to the requirement of IS: was used for mixing concrete and curing the specimens as well E. Sisal Fibre Fibre reinforced concrete has started to find its place in many areas of civil infrastructure applications Sisal is a long, soft, shiny plant fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the Page 17

3 genus Corchorus. Sisal is one of the cheapest natural fibers, II.HARDENED CONCRETE and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses. Sisal fibers are composed primarily of the plant A. Compressive strength materials cellulose and lignin. Sisal is a rainy season crop, The compressive strength result obtained growing best in warm, humid climates. for both 7days and 28days it was observed that the I. MIXPROPOTION compressive strength increased by adding of sisal fibre and it decrease in strength by adding of In this project the mix design ratio used as 1:1.57:2.69 M30 grade concrete. S.no 1 Cement FA kg CA Water % sisal fibre. Fiber 1.3 I. FRESH CONCRETE I. Slump test The slump value decreased with increase in percentage of sisal fibre. Table 1. Slump results Water cement ratio % of sisal fiber Slump in mm II. Table 3. Compression results % of sisal fibre 7days (N/mm2) 28days(N/mm2) Compaction factor test There was no much variation in compaction factor was very minute after addition of sisal fibre Table 2. Compaction factor results Water cement ratio % of sisal fibre C.P Page 18

4 % OF FIBER 7 Days 28 Days TENSILE STRENGTH(N/MM2) COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH(N/MM2) % OF FIBER 7 Days 28 Days B. Tensile strength Future development: The tensile strength also can be increase by addition of sisal To do the durability test on sisal fiber reinforcement concrete fiber to the concrete. in the project. CONCLUSION The compressive strength and split tensile strength of sisal fibre reinforced concrete test results shown that the strength of sisal fibre reinforced concrete is increased gradually when we increase the percentage of fibre. It has been clearly noted that adding fibre gives good strength with W/C ratio. So finally, it is recommended that sisal fibre reinforced concrete gives better result compared to conventional concrete REFERENCES Table 4. Tensile strength results [1]. Abdul Rahuman, Saikumar Yeshika (2015) Study on % of sisal fiber 7days(N/mm2) 28days(N/mm2) [2]. S.Priyadharshini, G.Ramakrishna (2016) Strength and durability evaluation of latex modified sisal fiber reinforced concrete. properties of sisal fiber reinforced concrete with different mix proportions and different percentage of fiber addition. [3]. Athippan.K, Vijaychandrakath.S (2014) Experimental study on flextural behavior of sisal fiber in reinforced concrete beam. Page 19

5 [4]. Haozhi Tan, Liang Huang, Libo Yan, Yin Wang, Hang Li ( 2015) Compressive behavior of sisal fiber reinforced concrete composite column wrapped by jute fiber. [5]. T.Sundararajan, S.Kothandaraman (2010) Evaluation of durability of natural fiber reinforced cement mortar composite- a new approach. Page 20