Experiences on embankment fill in land expressway over soft ground

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Experiences on embankment fill in land expressway over soft ground"

Transcription

1 Second International Seminar on the Design & Construction of the Second Penang Bridge Experiences on embankment fill in land expressway over soft ground Prepared by ; AZMI MADMARJUKI

2 Project Location JAMBATAN KEDUA PULAU PINANG JAMBATAN PULAU PINANG PLAZA TOL PB2X PERSIMPANGAN CLOVERLEAF BATU KAWAN PLAZA TOL PLUS PERSIMPANGAN BATU KAWAN LEBUHRAYA UTARA SELATAN

3 Project Alignment Bridge Over Canal and Arch Culvert Land Bridge Cloverleaf Int Bridge Over Sg Tengah

4 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

5 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

6 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

7 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

8 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

9 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

10 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

11 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

12 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

13 Original Ground Condition

14 Original Ground Condition

15 Original Ground Condition / Site Clearing Stage

16 Client Requirement Embankment Fill Quantity Requirement ,000 m 3 sand as the base drainage layer 2. 3,300,000 m 3 imported suitable fill Quality Requirement 1. Post construction settlement < 50mm within 20 years 2. IRI 2.0m / km

17 Client Requirement Embankment Fill Time Requirement 1. To complete embankment fill with surcharge in 2 years 2. To achieve 100% degree of consolidation in 3 months (Stone column area) and 6 months (PVD area) of rest period 3. When time is a concern stability Issue Soft ground (marine clay) 15m to 23m PVD and Stone Column with 1.5m to 2.2m surcharge forming as high as 12m height embankment fill

18 Challenges Quality Time Quantity Stability

19 Challenges - Quantity Challenges: 1. Total import fill quantity 4 millions m 3 in 2 years 2. Neighboring projects need 4 millions m 3 in 2 years concurrently 3. Electrified Double Track project by MMC-Gamuda compete on procurement of raw materials such as sand and red earth 4. Social problems, shortage of lorries, environmental issues, etc

20 Challenges - Quantity Source of Material and Logistic Access 1. Need to have multiple sources. Cannot depend on 1 or 2. We have 7 red earth sources and 6 sand sources at several locations 2. Need to have many access routes to the site from the borrow pits. We have 3 different access routes to reach the site (create another 2 access besides the one designated in the contract) 3. The access must always be in good condition otherwise The transporter may not want to come but choose to go elsewhere Reduce the daily no of trips perform High vehicle maintenance cost and more frequent down time

21 Challenges - Quantity Adequate lorries to transport material to site Need to have many subcontractors and transporters to avoid over dependency and cartel During peak demand, need to target average 160 lorries running in order to achieve 1000 trips daily Not all lorries will be in working condition all the time, need to allow for minimum 20 % down time

22 Challenges - Quantity Adequate lorries to transport material to site To attract more transporters and lorries to site: Pay advance Cash term Assist invest in new lorries and run for you Output based Incentive Source lorries from others states/regions

23 Challenges - Quantity Other consideration 1. Need to plan the work sequencing and timing to strategize on reuse of surcharge fill to reduce the dependency on fresh imported fill 2. During bad weather, use quarry material as surcharge fill 3. Need to consider the settlement quantity which is about 15% to 25% for settlement at stone column treatment area and 20% to 30% at PVD treatment area

24 Challenges - Quantity Suggestion 1. Use vacuum surcharge 2. Use barge to bring in fill material via marine transport instead of solely depend on lorries for land transport 3. Extend the piled embankment to reduce high embankment fill (to resolve settlement and stability issue)

25 Challenges - Quality Embankment Filling Sand Blanket Fill Material Quality Control 1. Silt Content < 10% 2. Test frequency one set grading test per 750m 3 3. If test fail, no re-test but the whole fill section will be rejected

26 Challenges - Quality Embankment Sand Blanket Filling Quality Control 1. Sand Blanket thickness requirement is 1m 2. Minimum 980mm thick sand blanket for whole area is required even though the original ground is uneven

27 Challenges - Quality Embankment Filling Suitable Fill Material Quality Control 1. Soaked CBR > 7% 2. Mass Loss on Ignition < 4% 3. Only isolated boulders < 0.02m 3 is allowed 4. Using quarry material as surcharge during bad weather as soil difficult to achieve required FDT

28 Challenges - Quality Embankment Suitable Material Filling Quality Control 1. Degree of compaction > 98% MDD (modified Proctor) even at surcharge layer 2. FDT frequency every 500m 2 and every layer 3. Proof rolling on subgrade Mass per wheel > 12 ton and tyre pressure 0.85N/mm 2 Surface subside not more than 20mm

29 Challenges - Quality To facilitate achieving the required degree of compaction 1. To level the fill surface using motor grade so that all areas can be evenly compacted 2. Moisture of fill material must be within 3% of OMC before compaction 3. If imported material slightly wet, let fill to be aerated 4. If fill exposed to rain, remove the top layer by motor grade 5. Compactor to roll passes for highest degree of compaction (established from trial compaction result)

30 Trial Compaction

31 Remove boulders and roots

32 Remove boulders and roots

33 To evenly level and compact

34 Use quarry material as surcharge

35 Proof Roll

36 Sand Blanket Filling

37 Embankment Filling

38 Challenges - Quality PVD Material Quality Control 1. Material testing carried out by independent and accredited lab in oversea For example TUV-PSB in Singapore 2. Additional test Buckling Discharge Capacity Test

39 Challenges - Quality PVD Installation Quality Control 1. Using data logger to record the penetration depth to ensure design length is achieved 2. Using inclinometer sensor to confirm the vertically < 1.14 deg (1 in 50) to ensure PVD verticality is maintained at all depth 3. Using data logger to confirm the rate of penetration within 150mm to 600mm per second to avoid damage of PVD and excessive disturbance of soil

40 Data Logger

41 Data Logger

42 Data Logger Graph Depth vs Pressure vs Time

43 Data Logger Summary Print Out Pts no Time Install Install Length Max Pressure Angle

44 Challenges - Quality PVD Installation Quality Control 1. Sludge generated from PVD installation is removed to minimize contamination to sand blanket 2. Splicing PVD must adhere to approved pattern that has been sent for testing on structural strength and hydraulic continuity of the PVD

45 Sludge to be removed

46 Splicing

47 Challenges - Quality Stone Column Material Quality Control 1. Fine content passing through 14mm sieve size < 2% 2. High frequency of testing 1 grading test for every 3500 tonnes

48 Challenges - Quality Stone Column Installation Quality Control 1. Using real time data logger to record the boring depth to ensure design depth is achieved 2. Using real time data logger to record current amps to ensure compaction amps > penetration amps. This is to ensure sufficient compacting effort applied 3. The consumption of stone > theoretical volume of the column (based on design diameter) + 15% volume due to compaction effort and loss during installation

49 Challenges - Quality Real Time Data Logger Records all the installation activity. Records vibrator tip movement. Records current amps during penetration and compaction. Develop by Keller Holding GmbH Germany

50 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work sequence Between Stone Column and PVD Treatment Area 1. Install Stone Column first then PVD to avoid damage to PVD 2. Using high strength geotextile KT 400/50 laid longitudinally across interface boundry

51 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work Sequence Between Pile Embankment and Stone Column Treatment Area 1. Install Stone Column first before piling to avoid pile damage 2. Embankment fill and surcharging the interfacing area for 3 months 3. After surcharging, excavate down to pile embankment slab level 4. Construct remaining pile embankment 5. Introduce transition slab 6. Embankment filling to required sub grade level 7. The whole process may take extra 5 to 7 months to complete

52 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work Sequence Between Pile Embankment and Stone Column Treatment Area

53 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work Sequence Between Pile Embankment and Stone Column Treatment Area

54 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work Sequence Between Pile Embankment and Stone Column Treatment Area

55 Challenges - Quality Interfacing Work Sequence Between Pile Embankment and Stone Column Treatment Area

56 Challenges - Quality Suggestion In swampy area, it is better to fill the area to RL 1 (above water level), then only lay sand blanket 1. To regulate the swampy area which is uneven in level so that the sand blanket is uniform in level and thickness 2. To release the pore water pressure to atmosphere pressure without any hydraulic head (settlement 1m lower down the sand blanket to RL 0 which is below original water table)

57 Challenges - Stability 1. Control Rate of Filling 2. Interim surcharge rest period before fill to higher level 3. Counter Weight Berm 4. Using high strength geotextile / geogrid 5. Instrumentation to monitor movement 6. Reducing pore water pressure for soil to gain strength

58 Challenges - Stability Control Rate of Filling PVD treatment area Below 4.5m max 1m 1.25m per week Above 4.5m max 0.25m per week Stone Column area Below 4m max 1m per week Above 4m max 0.5 m per week

59 Challenges - Stability Interim surcharge rest period Only applied at PVD treatment area Reach 3.5m Rest for 2 months Reach 4.5m Rest another 2 months

60 Challenges - Stability Using High Strength Geotextile / Geo grid When embankment height > 4.5m, High Strength geotextile KT200/50, KT 400/50 and KG400/50 will be used

61 Challenges - Stability Stability Counter Weight Berm Typical design is 10m width for embankment on PVD treatment area to equilibrate the potential slip pressure from high embankment

62 Challenges - Stability Instrumentation monitoring 1. Filling to be ceased when: Maximum lateral movement / Maximum vertical settlement > 0.5 Change in pore water pressure / Change in embankment pressure > Instrumentation used inclinometer, rod settlement gauge, piezometer

63 Challenges - Stability Stability lowering excess pore water pressure 1. Scupper drain connect to sand blanket to discharge the water from PVD and stone column. The lateral spacing is 7.5m to 15m apart 2. Install well point connect to sand blanket to pump out the water. Spacing is about 3 nos. for 50m interval along the embankment

64 Well Point

65 Scupper drain

66 Challenges - Stability Stability Localize Slip Failure Early Sign 1. Instrumentation reading 2. Heaving at counter weight berm toe 3. Heaving at earth drain 4. Hairline crack at counter weight berm 5. Hairline crack at centre of embankment

67 Challenges - Stability Stability Localize Slip Failure Emergency Response 1. Immediately cease filling if any 2. Report to Consultant to investigate and advice 3. Excavate down and rebuild 4. Modification of design

68 Challenges - Stability Stability Modification of design Due to localized slip failure, modification of the design as follows: Extent the counter weight berm to 20m all sections Introduce the counter weight berm at embankment on stone column area Introduce another layer of high strength geotextile Install sheet pile adjacent river bank

69 Challenges Expedite Progress If any section is anticipated to take longer rest period; measures taken to expedite the progress and mitigate delay by 1. Reduced the spacing of PVD to shorten surcharge rest period and increase rate of filling 2. Increase surcharge height (If stability is not an issue) to shorten the final surcharge rest period 3. Install sheet piling to improve the stability and increase rate of filling

70 Conclusion 1. More Time and Cost are spent to endeavor achieving the required quality assurance and control processes as compared to industry norm 2. Furthermore, this would constraint the required progress to meet completion schedule. However, the embankment may not be stable or fail and result in more reworks / cost if the process control is ignored 3. Although we can t be sure that future settlement will definitely achieve < 50mm / 20 years, but without adopting the specified quality requirement processes this will not be possible.

71 Thank You

Reinforced Soil Slopes (RSS)

Reinforced Soil Slopes (RSS) Supplemental Technical Specification for Reinforced Soil Slopes (RSS) SCDOT Designation: SC-M-206-1 (4/16) 1.0 DESCRIPTION 1.1 Construct a reinforced soil slope in accordance with these specifications,

More information

2.1 Backfill - General

2.1 Backfill - General 2.1 Backfill - General Excavations are made for the purpose of constructing bridge substructure elements, and consequently requiring competent backfill material. The backfill material must be adequately

More information

Table 1. Typical Soil Parameters Description Bulk Density, kn/m 3 Liquid Limit, % Plastic limit, % Natural Moisture Content, % Cohesion, kn/m 2 Compre

Table 1. Typical Soil Parameters Description Bulk Density, kn/m 3 Liquid Limit, % Plastic limit, % Natural Moisture Content, % Cohesion, kn/m 2 Compre CASE STUDY CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH ROAD EMBANKMENT OVER THICK SOFT SILTY CLAY- A CASE STUDY Radhakrishnan R, Geo-Enviro Engineers P Ltd, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, 044-24483522, geoenviro2012@gmail.com.

More information

City of Brandon Division 2 Standard Construction Specifications Section January 2007(Revision 1) Page 1 of 8 ROADWAY EXCAVATION AND GRADING

City of Brandon Division 2 Standard Construction Specifications Section January 2007(Revision 1) Page 1 of 8 ROADWAY EXCAVATION AND GRADING January 2007(Revision 1) Page 1 of 8 PART 1 GENERAL 1.01 OTHER CONTRACT DOCUMENTS 1.02 DESCRIPTION OF WORK 1.03 RELATED WORK 1.04 CLASSIFICATION OF THE WORK 1.05 QUALITY ASSURANCE PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.01

More information

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CHALLENGES ON SOFT GROUND. For Myanmar Engineering Society 2012 CONTENTS

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CHALLENGES ON SOFT GROUND. For Myanmar Engineering Society 2012 CONTENTS GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CHALLENGES ON SOFT GROUND For Myanmar Engineering Society 2012 G&P Professional Sdn Bhd (www.gnpgroup.com.my) By Engr. Dr. Gue See Sew (P.Eng) Engr. Dr. Wong Shiao Yun (G.Eng)

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS 220 NOVEMBER 2012 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 220.01 SCOPE 220.02 REFERENCES 220.03 DEFINITIONS 220.04

More information

Oweninny Wind Farm. Oweninny Environmental Impact Statement Appendix 5B

Oweninny Wind Farm. Oweninny Environmental Impact Statement Appendix 5B Oweninny Wind Farm Oweninny Environmental Impact Statement Appendix 5B Access Tracks, Hardstanding Areas, Electrical Compounds, Borrow Pit And Cable Laying Construction Method Statement Copyright ESB International

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS 220 NOVEMBER 2007 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 220.01 SCOPE 220.02 REFERENCES 220.03 DEFINITIONS 220.04

More information

C-R-S: PID: Reviewer: Date:

C-R-S: PID: Reviewer: Date: C-R-S: PID: Reviewer: Date: Settlement 1 If soil conditions and project requirements warrant, have settlement issues been addressed? If not applicable (X), go to Question 14 2 Have consolidation properties

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS.MUNI 220 NOVEMBER 2014 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 220.01 SCOPE 220.02 REFERENCES 220.03 DEFINITIONS 220.04

More information

Ground Improvement of Titanium Dioxide Waste Spoils and Compressible Organics with In-Situ Mixing with Portland Cement and Surcharging

Ground Improvement of Titanium Dioxide Waste Spoils and Compressible Organics with In-Situ Mixing with Portland Cement and Surcharging Ground Improvement of Titanium Dioxide Waste Spoils and Compressible Organics with In-Situ Mixing with Portland Cement and Surcharging James J. Serpico (&) Geotechnical Services, Maser Consulting P.A.,

More information

Application of Vibro Techniques for Infrastructure Projects in India

Application of Vibro Techniques for Infrastructure Projects in India Application of Vibro Techniques for Infrastructure Projects in India Rainer Wegner Contract Manager, Keller Grundbau GmbH, Germany Dr. V.R. Raju Director, Keller Ground Engineering India Pvt Ltd, India

More information

Construction of Embankment with Ground Improvement at By Pass of NH 34. Dilbag Singh Construction Head Transport Vertical HCC Ltd.

Construction of Embankment with Ground Improvement at By Pass of NH 34. Dilbag Singh Construction Head Transport Vertical HCC Ltd. Construction of Embankment with Ground Improvement at By Pass of NH 34 2 0 1 7 Dilbag Singh Construction Head Transport Vertical HCC Ltd. Abstract The Baharampore Farakka corridor of the National Highway

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS.PROV 220 NOVEMBER 2014 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR WICK DRAIN INSTALLATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 220.01 SCOPE 220.02 REFERENCES 220.03 DEFINITIONS 220.04

More information

SECTION EMBANKMENT

SECTION EMBANKMENT 02260-1 of 8 SECTION 02260 EMBANKMENT 02260.01 GENERAL A. Description 1. Embankment shall be formed of suitable material obtained from General, Structure, Borrow, Trench, and other excavations included

More information

SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 5/8/7)

SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 5/8/7) Page 1 of 7 STONE STRONG SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 5/8/7) PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 Description A. Work includes furnishing and installing precast modular

More information

SEM-2017(02)-II CIVIL ENGINEERING. Papei> II. Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions.

SEM-2017(02)-II CIVIL ENGINEERING. Papei> II. Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions. Roll No. Candidate should write his/her Roll No. here. Total No. of Questions : 5 No. of Printed Pages : 7 SEM-2017(02)-II CIVIL ENGINEERING Papei> II Time : 3 Hours ] [ Total Marks : 300 Instructions

More information

Lecture 7 BALLAST & SUBGRADE. Dr. Charisma Choudhury. April 2011

Lecture 7 BALLAST & SUBGRADE. Dr. Charisma Choudhury. April 2011 Transportation Engineering II: Highway Design & Railways Lecture 7 BALLAST & SUBGRADE Dr. Charisma Choudhury April 2011 Ballast Functions Provide a hard and level bed for sleepers Hold sleepers in place

More information

TOWN OF LAFAYETTE SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION. June 1984

TOWN OF LAFAYETTE SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION. June 1984 1 TOWN OF LAFAYETTE SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION June 1984 1. DEFINITIONS APPROVAL, APPROVED, ACCEPTED OR WORDS OR TERMS OF SIMILAR MEANING: Written approval of the Highway Superintendent. BASE

More information

Ground Modification Applications for Bio-Fuel Plants Raymond J. Franz, P.E. Roselle, IL

Ground Modification Applications for Bio-Fuel Plants Raymond J. Franz, P.E. Roselle, IL Geotechnics and Supplying Future Energy Needs: Ground Modification Applications for Bio-Fuel Plants Raymond J. Franz, P.E. Roselle, IL Bio-Fuel Facilities Current and future energy needs demand consideration

More information

Behaviour of a Highway Embankment on Stone Columns Improved Estuarine Clay

Behaviour of a Highway Embankment on Stone Columns Improved Estuarine Clay Behaviour of a Highway Embankment on Stone Columns Improved Estuarine Clay Author Oh, Erwin, Balasubramaniam, Bala, Surarak, Chanaton, Bolton, Mark, Chai, Gary, Huang, Min, Braund, M. Published 27 Conference

More information

B. Base Course: Aggregate layer placed between the subbase course and hot-mix asphalt paving.

B. Base Course: Aggregate layer placed between the subbase course and hot-mix asphalt paving. SECTION 312000 - EARTH MOVING PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SUMMARY A. Section Includes: 1. Excavating and filling for rough grading the Site. 2. Preparing subgrades for walks, curbs, pavements, and turf and grasses.

More information

SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 9/17/18)

SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised 9/17/18) Page 1 of 8 STONE STRONG SYSTEMS SPECIFICATIONS FOR PRECAST MODULAR BLOCK RETAINING WALL SYSTEM (revised ) PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 Description A. Work includes furnishing and installing precast modular blocks

More information

SECTION TRENCHING, BACKFILLING, COMPACTION AND GENERAL GRADING

SECTION TRENCHING, BACKFILLING, COMPACTION AND GENERAL GRADING PART 1 GENERAL SECTION 02221 TRENCHING, BACKFILLING, COMPACTION AND GENERAL GRADING 1.01 SECTION INCLUDES A. Excavation, dewatering and backfilling with compaction of trenches for pipes, conduits, channels

More information

204 - EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES. Granular Backfill (Wingwalls) (Set Price)

204 - EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES. Granular Backfill (Wingwalls) (Set Price) SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES 204.1 DESCRIPTION Excavate for the structures as shown in the Contract Documents. Unless specified otherwise, backfill the completed structures to the

More information

A Vacuum Consolidation Method Application Case for Improving Dredging Slurry

A Vacuum Consolidation Method Application Case for Improving Dredging Slurry A Vacuum Consolidation Method Application Case for Improving Dredging Slurry Liu Yu 1 Ph.D, Geoharbour Group, liuyu@geoharbour.com, CHINA Marcello Djunaidy 2 MT, Geotekindo PT, marcello@geotekindo.com,

More information

Geotechnical Solutions for High Speed Track Embankment A Brief Overview

Geotechnical Solutions for High Speed Track Embankment A Brief Overview Geotechnical Solutions for High Speed Track Embankment A Brief Overview Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew Managing Director, Gue & Partners Sdn Bhd & Ir. Tan Yean Chin Associate Director, Gue & Partners Sdn Bhd ABSTRACT:

More information

PVD Ground Improvement System

PVD Ground Improvement System eau eau CeTeau stands for innovative ground improvement technologies with Prefabricated Vertical Drains. Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD), also called Wick Drains, are prefabricated drain strips consisting

More information

SECTION 1100 GRADING 1102 MATERIALS AND DEFINITIONS.

SECTION 1100 GRADING 1102 MATERIALS AND DEFINITIONS. SECTION 1100 GRADING 1101 SCOPE. This section covers the performance of all work required for grading the project in coordination with all previous work performed at the locations shown on the contract

More information

SUBSOIL IMPROVEMENT WORKS AT DVIZ, HAIPHONG, VIETNAM

SUBSOIL IMPROVEMENT WORKS AT DVIZ, HAIPHONG, VIETNAM Subsoil Improvement Works at DVIZ, Haiphong, Vietnam 3 ALICE MONTULET, LUCIEN HALLEUX AND NGUYEN VAN NGOC SUBSOIL IMPROVEMENT WORKS AT DVIZ, HAIPHONG, VIETNAM ABSTRACT This article describes the subsoil

More information

B209 - EMBANKMENTS OVER SWAMPS AND COMPRESSIBLE SOILS - OPSS 209. Excavation method means to remove the swamp material mechanically.

B209 - EMBANKMENTS OVER SWAMPS AND COMPRESSIBLE SOILS - OPSS 209. Excavation method means to remove the swamp material mechanically. B209 - - OPSS 209 209.1 GENERAL Embankments over swamps and compressible soils/soft ground can be designed with one or a combination of the following alternatives: 1. Excavation Method 2. Floatation Method

More information

LAYING IBSTOCK CLAY PAVERS FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS

LAYING IBSTOCK CLAY PAVERS FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS (SUDS) This leaflet highlights the basic requirements for laying Ibstock clay pavers to form a permeable pavement. Ibstock clay pavers are intended for domestic use only i.e. patios

More information

EXCAVATION & BACKFILLING GUELPH TRANSIT OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE SECTION WATSON ROAD FACILITY PAGE 1 OF 6 WATER RECLAMATION PROJECT JUNE 2013

EXCAVATION & BACKFILLING GUELPH TRANSIT OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE SECTION WATSON ROAD FACILITY PAGE 1 OF 6 WATER RECLAMATION PROJECT JUNE 2013 GUELPH TRANSIT OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE SECTION WATSON ROAD FACILITY PAGE 1 OF 6 PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 Description The Work of this Section shall be all labour, materials, equipment and supervision necessary

More information

Table of Contents 5.1 GENERAL Overview Investigation and Engineering Information

Table of Contents 5.1 GENERAL Overview Investigation and Engineering Information Table of Contents Section Page 5.1 GENERAL... 5.1-1 5.1.1 Overview... 5.1-1 5.1.2 Investigation and Engineering Information... 5.1-2 5.2 PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNCIAL REPORTS... 5.2-1 5.2.1 Preliminary Geotechnical

More information

SPECIFICATION FOR ENGINEERED FILLS

SPECIFICATION FOR ENGINEERED FILLS SPECIFICATION FOR ENGINEERED FILLS This specification is intended to be used for the engineered fill. The specification is suitable for most purposes but there may be special conditions existing at some

More information

Construction and Geotechnical Issues

Construction and Geotechnical Issues AECOM port project images here Original must be proportionate to 25.4cm x 8cm Image here Original must be square Image here Original must be square Image here Original must be square Construction and Geotechnical

More information

CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES

CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE DESIGN D4 DESIGN GUIDELINE CAPRICORN MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES D4 ISSUE: NO:2 Mar 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS CLAUSE CONTENTS PAGE GENERAL...

More information

Features Include: Near Vertical Walls Do it Yourself No Concrete Footings Required

Features Include: Near Vertical Walls Do it Yourself No Concrete Footings Required Features Include: Near Vertical Walls Do it Yourself No Concrete Footings Required Tel: Office: +27 (0)11 964 2995 Fax number: +27 (0)86 601 6692 info@dsmmasonry.co.za www.dsmmasonry.co.za Range three

More information

SECTION XXXXX AGGREGATE PIERS PART 1 - GENERAL

SECTION XXXXX AGGREGATE PIERS PART 1 - GENERAL SECTION XXXXX AGGREGATE PIERS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS: Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and other Division 00 and Division

More information

ADDRESS: 122 LIPSCOMBE ROAD, DECEPTION BAY, QLD,

ADDRESS: 122 LIPSCOMBE ROAD, DECEPTION BAY, QLD, WWW.TUFFOZYCONCRETESLEEPERS.COM.AU ADDRESS: 122 LIPSCOMBE ROAD, DECEPTION BAY, QLD, 4508 EMAIL: SALESTUFFOZYCONCRETESLEEPERS@HOTMAIL.COM PHONE: 0405233099 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS 1 2.1

More information

1.02 RELATED WORK: Refer to the following sections for related work: Section 4000-Concrete Materials and Methods

1.02 RELATED WORK: Refer to the following sections for related work: Section 4000-Concrete Materials and Methods SECTION 2000- EARTHWORK PART 1- GENERAL 1.01 SCOPE: This Section covers excavation, fill, and compaction of earth and rock for roadway, embankments, structural foundations, and planted areas. Topics include

More information

GEN-ICS IMPACT COMPACTION SPECIFICATION

GEN-ICS IMPACT COMPACTION SPECIFICATION GEN-ICS022013 This specification is applicable to the process of tendering for and operating impact compaction on projects that have identified the process as a ground improvement alternative. Contents:

More information

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR BORROW

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR BORROW ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS 212 APRIL 1999 CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR BORROW TABLE OF CONTENTS 212.01 SCOPE 212.02 REFERENCES 212.03 DEFINITIONS 212.04 SUBMISSION AND DESIGN

More information

INDEX FOR SPECIFICATIONS FOR REMOVING CULVERTS AND PLACING CULVERTS SCOPE... 1

INDEX FOR SPECIFICATIONS FOR REMOVING CULVERTS AND PLACING CULVERTS SCOPE... 1 March 2002 No. 400 INDEX FOR SPECIFICATIONS FOR REMOVING CULVERTS AND PLACING CULVERTS 400. 1 SCOPE... 1 400. 2 REMOVING CULVERTS AND TIMBER STRUCTURES 2.1 Concrete and Metal Pipe Culverts... 1 2.2 Structural

More information

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay

Prof. B V S Viswanadham, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Bombay 49 Module 3: Lecture - 11 on Compressibility and Consolidation Contents Stresses in soil from surface loads; Terzaghi s 1-D consolidation theory; Application in different boundary conditions; Ramp loading;

More information

SECTION EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT. B. Subbase Grading A samples for gradation analysis.

SECTION EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT. B. Subbase Grading A samples for gradation analysis. PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION A. The WORK under this Section includes providing all labor, materials, tools and equipment necessary for excavation and embankment construction to the lines, grades and

More information

Chapter 3 - Excavation

Chapter 3 - Excavation Chapter 3 - Excavation South Dakota Department of Transportation Structures Construction Manual Excavation - Chapter 3 The What and Where of Excavation What is Excavation The removal of Earth material

More information

Grade separated interchange at the intersection of U.S. Hwy 17 Bypass and Farrow Parkway

Grade separated interchange at the intersection of U.S. Hwy 17 Bypass and Farrow Parkway Grade separated interchange at the intersection of U.S. Hwy 17 Bypass and Farrow Parkway Jeff Sizemore, P.E. Geotechnical Design Support Engineer SCDOT Ed Tavera, P.E. Principal Geotechnical Engineer Geoengineers

More information

Retaining Wall System

Retaining Wall System Your local distributor Retaining Wall System Prestige & Quality Near Vertical Walls Do It Yourself No Concrete Footings Flexible - 90 o Corners, Steps, Straight or Curved Walls Commercial or Civil Walls

More information

KANSAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPECIAL PROVISION TO THE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS, 1990 EDITION

KANSAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPECIAL PROVISION TO THE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS, 1990 EDITION Sheet 1 of 8 KANSAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPECIAL PROVISION TO THE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS, 1990 EDITION Note: This Special Provision is generally written in the imperative mood. The subject, the

More information

2. Pavement Materials: Consist of flexible or rigid pavements, typically HMA or PCC, respectively, or a composite of the two.

2. Pavement Materials: Consist of flexible or rigid pavements, typically HMA or PCC, respectively, or a composite of the two. Design Manual Chapter 6 - Geotechnical 6C - Pavement Systems 6C-1 Pavement Systems A. General Information This section addresses the importance of pavement foundations and the potential for pavement problems

More information

RE: HWY 63:02 HIGHWAY EMBANKMENT REPAIR NORTH OF LABICHE RIVER BRIDGE COMPLETION REPORT

RE: HWY 63:02 HIGHWAY EMBANKMENT REPAIR NORTH OF LABICHE RIVER BRIDGE COMPLETION REPORT THURBER ENGINEERING LTD. Suite 200, 9636-51st Avenue EDMONTON, Alberta T6E 6A5 Phone (780) 438-1460 Fax [780) 437-7125 I \ DO THURBER February 2, 1999 File: 15-16-101 Alberta Transportation & Utilities

More information

Ground improvement support using Confined aggregate piers in soft soil. Brian Metcalfe, P.E. Director of Engineering Geopier Foundation Company

Ground improvement support using Confined aggregate piers in soft soil. Brian Metcalfe, P.E. Director of Engineering Geopier Foundation Company Ground improvement support using Confined aggregate piers in soft soil Brian Metcalfe, P.E. Director of Engineering Geopier Foundation Company OUTLINE Ground improvement historical perspective Confined

More information

Supplementary Appendix to ARTC Track & Civil Code of Practice. Railway Earthworks ETC-08-02

Supplementary Appendix to ARTC Track & Civil Code of Practice. Railway Earthworks ETC-08-02 Discipline Engineering Specification Category Supplementary Appendix to ARTC Code of Practice Applicability ARTC Network wide New South Wales Western Jurisdiction Victoria Primary Source (RIC Specifications

More information

204 - EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES

204 - EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES SECTION 204 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL FOR STRUCTURES 204.1 DESCRIPTION Excavate for the structures as shown in the Contract Documents. Unless specified otherwise, backfill the completed structures to the

More information

Yellowstone National Park. Cold Regions Engineering

Yellowstone National Park. Cold Regions Engineering Yellowstone National Park Cold Regions Engineering June 2002 WORLD HERITAGE SITE Picture1 Picture2 Yellowstone National Park Road Program 20-year program to upgrade roads $12 million per year budget Both

More information

Instructions for installation the GRAF EcoBloc Inspect flex

Instructions for installation the GRAF EcoBloc Inspect flex Instructions for installation the GRAF EcoBloc Inspect flex GRAF EcoBloc Inspect flex Order-Nr. 402005 The points described in these instructions must be observed under all circumstances. All warranty

More information

GEOSYNTHETICS ENGINEERING: IN THEORY AND PRACTICE

GEOSYNTHETICS ENGINEERING: IN THEORY AND PRACTICE GEOSYNTHETICS ENGINEERING: IN THEORY AND PRACTICE Prof. J. N. Mandal Department of civil engineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India. Tel.022-25767328 email: cejnm@civil.iitb.ac.in Module - 9

More information

twenty four foundations and retaining walls Foundation Structural vs. Foundation Design Structural vs. Foundation Design

twenty four foundations and retaining walls Foundation Structural vs. Foundation Design Structural vs. Foundation Design ALIED ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYSTEMS DR. ANNE NICHOLS SRING 2018 lecture twenty four Foundation the engineered interface between the earth and the structure it supports that

More information

Michigan State University Construction Standards SEGMENTAL CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS PAGE SECTION SEGMENTAL CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS

Michigan State University Construction Standards SEGMENTAL CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS PAGE SECTION SEGMENTAL CONCRETE RETAINING WALLS PAGE 323223-1 SECTION 323223 PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification sections,

More information

Draft. Not Yet Approved SECTION 10.1 GENERAL SCOPE DEFINITIONS

Draft. Not Yet Approved SECTION 10.1 GENERAL SCOPE DEFINITIONS SECTION 10.1 GENERAL 10.1.1 SCOPE This part of the Manual covers the structural design and installation of reinforced concrete pipe for railway culverts. Pipe geometry may be circular, arch, or elliptical.

More information

AN ISO 9001 & COMPANY TENDER DOCUMENT. TENDER No: EPI/WRO/CON/757/0119 FOR

AN ISO 9001 & COMPANY TENDER DOCUMENT. TENDER No: EPI/WRO/CON/757/0119 FOR AN ISO 9001 & 14001 COMPANY TENDER DOCUMENT TENDER No: EPI/WRO/CON/757/0119 FOR Construction of Boundary Wall and allied works for DHH & MCH Hospital at Kendrapara at Odisha state VOLUME III PRICE BID

More information

SECTION EXCAVATION AND FILL

SECTION EXCAVATION AND FILL SECTION 02315 EXCAVATION AND FILL PART 1 GENERAL 1.01 SUMMARY A. Furnish labor, materials, equipment, and incidentals necessary to perform excavation, backfill, grading, and slope protection required to

More information

CBR of Soaked Clay Drained by Sandy Layer

CBR of Soaked Clay Drained by Sandy Layer Proceedings of the World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering (CSEE 16) Prague, Czech Republic March 3 31, 216 Paper No. ICGRE 116 DOI: 1.11159/icgre16.116 CBR of Soaked Clay Drained

More information

Union County Vocational - Technical Schools Scotch Plains, New Jersey

Union County Vocational - Technical Schools Scotch Plains, New Jersey SECTION 02222 - EXCAVATION, BACKFILL, AND COMPACTION FOR UTILITIES PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 SECTION INCLUDES A. Excavating trenches for the installation of utilities and stormwater detention facilities. B.

More information

SECTION MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS

SECTION MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS SECTION 13100 MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS PART 1 -- GENERAL 1.01 THE REQUIREMENT A. Includes all labor, material, equipment, testing and submittals required to design and complete construction

More information

C. Foundation stabilization for pipe and utility structures.

C. Foundation stabilization for pipe and utility structures. PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SECTION INCLUDES A. Excavating, backfilling, and compacting for utilities, including pipe, structures, and appurtenances. B. Control of water in trenches. C. Foundation stabilization

More information

EINRIP. Specification and Construction Issues

EINRIP. Specification and Construction Issues EINRIP Specification and Construction Issues There are a significant number of changes in the Specification Not all issues can be discussed here A more detailed list of changes will be provided with bid

More information

Construction Specification 62 Grouted Rock Riprap

Construction Specification 62 Grouted Rock Riprap Construction Specification 62 Grouted Rock Riprap 1. Scope The work consists of furnishing, transporting, and the installation of grouted rock riprap revetments and blankets, including filter or bedding

More information

CONSTRUCTION OF THE BREAKWATER USING BAMBOO PILE AND BAMBOO MATTRESS AS FOUNDATION MATERIAL Ryusuke Tsutsumi 1

CONSTRUCTION OF THE BREAKWATER USING BAMBOO PILE AND BAMBOO MATTRESS AS FOUNDATION MATERIAL Ryusuke Tsutsumi 1 CONSTRUCTION OF THE BREAKWATER USING BAMBOO PILE AND BAMBOO MATTRESS AS FOUNDATION MATERIAL Ryusuke Tsutsumi 1 ABSTRACT From March 2012 until September 2014, the international port of Tanjung Priok in

More information

Geosynthetics and Reinforced Soil Structures Prof. K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras

Geosynthetics and Reinforced Soil Structures Prof. K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Geosynthetics and Reinforced Soil Structures Prof. K. Rajagopal Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Lecture - 21 Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Embankments I Good morning

More information

SECTION 14 EMBANKMENT

SECTION 14 EMBANKMENT SECTION 14 EMBANKMENT 14.1 DESCRIPTION A. General: This work consists of constructing roadway embankments, including preparation of the areas upon which embankments are to be placed; the construction of

More information

MODEL STUDY ON CYCLIC LOADING RESPONSES OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM LAID ON EXPANSIVE SUBGRADE

MODEL STUDY ON CYCLIC LOADING RESPONSES OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM LAID ON EXPANSIVE SUBGRADE MODEL STUDY ON CYCLIC LOADING RESPONSES OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SYSTEM LAID ON EXPANSIVE SUBGRADE G.Radhakrishnan 1 1 Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, JNTUK, Kakinada - 533 004, India. Email:

More information

GROUNDtrax GROUNDGRIDZ

GROUNDtrax GROUNDGRIDZ INSTALLATION GUIDE The product is asymmetric and must be lifted by placing the hands on the diagonally opposed corners of the central paver (as shown). 1. Place grids onto the prepared well consolidated

More information

Hebden 402 Permeable Ecopaving Information Sheet

Hebden 402 Permeable Ecopaving Information Sheet www.ecopaving.co.uk www.britishrecycledplastic.co.uk Hebden 402 Permeable Ecopaving Information Sheet Applications: Car parking Emergency vehicle access Temporary and permanent roadways Quick fit shed

More information

SECTION 28 AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (FAA P-208) [For base course under runway and taxiway surfaces, use Section 29, FAA Item P-209.]

SECTION 28 AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (FAA P-208) [For base course under runway and taxiway surfaces, use Section 29, FAA Item P-209.] 28-1 GENERAL SECTION 28 AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (FAA P-208) The Contractor shall perform all work required by the plans and specifications for construction of aggregate base course for, use under runway

More information

Performance of Vacuum Consolidation Method in Peat Ground

Performance of Vacuum Consolidation Method in Peat Ground Int. Workshop on Geotechnics of Soft Soils-Theory and Practice. Vermeer, Schweiger, Karstunen & Cudny (eds.) 2003 VGE Performance of Vacuum Consolidation Method in Peat Ground Hirochika Hayashi, Jun ichi

More information

Palomino Road Repair Project Using Tire-Derived Aggregate

Palomino Road Repair Project Using Tire-Derived Aggregate Palomino Road Repair Project Using Tire-Derived Aggregate Palomino Road Slide Repair Project Background and Timeline Original Construction Privately constructed roadway acquired subsequently by County

More information

Tasman Retaining Wall System

Tasman Retaining Wall System Tasman Retaining Wall System The Tasman Retaining Wall System incorporates purpose made corners and capping units to provide classical reconstructed stone retaining walls for any landscape situation. From

More information

twenty six concrete construction: foundation design ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES: FORM, BEHAVIOR, AND DESIGN DR. ANNE NICHOLS SPRING 2013

twenty six concrete construction: foundation design ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES: FORM, BEHAVIOR, AND DESIGN DR. ANNE NICHOLS SPRING 2013 ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES: FORM, BEHAVIOR, AND DESIGN DR. ANNE NICHOLS SPRING 2013 lecture twenty six concrete construction: www.tamu.edu foundation design Foundations 1 Foundation the engineered

More information

Improving Engineering Properties of Soft Soil Using Preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drains

Improving Engineering Properties of Soft Soil Using Preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drains Volume 1, Issue 2, October-December, 2013, pp. 08-12, IASTER 2013 www.iaster.com, Online: 2347-2855, Print: 2347-8284 ABSTRACT Improving Engineering Properties of Soft Soil Using Preloading and Prefabricated

More information

378 - POND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE CONSERVATION PRACTICE SPECIFICATION I. SCOPE

378 - POND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE CONSERVATION PRACTICE SPECIFICATION I. SCOPE 378-1 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE CONSERVATION PRACTICE SPECIFICATION 378 - POND I. SCOPE The work shall consist of constructing an earthfill embankment and appurtenances to the lines, grades,

More information

Foundations. Foundations form the major part of a buildings substructure (along with the rising walls, hardcore and ground floors)

Foundations. Foundations form the major part of a buildings substructure (along with the rising walls, hardcore and ground floors) Foundations Foundations form the major part of a buildings substructure (along with the rising walls, hardcore and ground floors) Once the substructure is complete the building is out of the ground and

More information

Pavement materials: Soil

Pavement materials: Soil Pavement materials: Soil Lecture Notes in Transportation Systems Engineering Prof. Tom V. Mathew Contents 1 Overview 1 2 Sub grade soil 2 2.1 Desirable properties................................ 2 2.2

More information

Code No: RR Set No. 1

Code No: RR Set No. 1 Code No: RR320101 Set No. 1 III B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal

More information

C231 Subsoil and Foundation Drains

C231 Subsoil and Foundation Drains CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENTS AND SUBDIVISIONS C231 Subsoil and Foundation Drains Tamworth Regional Council Page :1 TABLE OF CONTENTS CLAUSE CONTENTS PAGE ORIGIN OF DOCUMENT, COPYRIGHT...

More information

Providing proper drainage system

Providing proper drainage system Environment Friendly and Cost Effective Alternative to Conventional Graded Filters Providing proper drainage system for structures such as earth retaining structures, pavements, water front structures,

More information

Geotechnical Investigation Long Timber Brewing Building Highway 99 and Kelly Street Monroe, Oregon TABLE OF CONTENTS

Geotechnical Investigation Long Timber Brewing Building Highway 99 and Kelly Street Monroe, Oregon TABLE OF CONTENTS Highway 99 and Kelly Street TABLE OF CONTENTS PROJECT INFORMATION... 1 FIELD EXPLORATION... 1 SITE CONDITIONS... 2 Surface Conditions:... 2 Subsurface Conditions:... 2 FILL.... 2 Topsoil.... 2 Clay Alluvium....

More information

Dry structural excavation is usually done with front-end loaders, bulldozers or backhoes.

Dry structural excavation is usually done with front-end loaders, bulldozers or backhoes. 1.1 Excavation - General Excavation is the removal of all material (including ice, water, etc.) required for the construction of foundations or substructures as indicated on the drawings or as determined

More information

TRENCH EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL

TRENCH EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL TRENCH EXCAVATION AND BACKFILL PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 SECTION INCLUDES A. Trench Excavation for Pipe Systems B. Trench Foundation Stabilization C. Pipe Bedding and Backfill 1.02 DESCRIPTION OF WORK A. Excavate

More information

Performance of Mechanically Stabilized Earth walls over compressible soils

Performance of Mechanically Stabilized Earth walls over compressible soils Performance of Mechanically Stabilized Earth walls over compressible soils R.A. Bloomfield, A.F. Soliman and A. Abraham The Reinforced Earth Company, Vienna, Virginia, USA ABSTRACT: Two projects have recently

More information

SEPA Environmental Checklist Mercer Island Center for the Arts. Attachment F Geotechnical Supplemental Memo

SEPA Environmental Checklist Mercer Island Center for the Arts. Attachment F Geotechnical Supplemental Memo SEPA Environmental Checklist Mercer Island Center for the Arts Attachment F Geotechnical Supplemental Memo January 2017 MEMORANDUM DATE: May 6, 2015 TO: FROM: RE: CC: Katie Oman, Mercer Island Center for

More information