ANSYS Customization for Bridges and Prestressed Concrete Structures Analysis and Design

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "ANSYS Customization for Bridges and Prestressed Concrete Structures Analysis and Design"

Transcription

1 ANSYS Customization for Bridges and Prestressed Concrete Structures Analysis and Design Javier Aparicio Ingeciber, S.A. Isabella Maia Ingeciber, S.A. Eduardo Salete Ingeciber, S.A. Abstract This paper shows most of the new features for the analysis and design of bridges using ANSYS and CivilFEM, its customization for civil engineering. A special consideration is done for prestressed concrete structures analysis requirements. Advanced features such as the definition of bridges layout (in both plan and elevation views), automatic generation of a 3D geometric and finite element model, surface loads and moving loads generator, and utilities for introducing the prestressed cable forces into the model are explained and illustrated in this paper. In addition, some advanced prestressing features are also detailed such as the tendon editor that allows defining and modifying prestressing tendons layout by an interactive graphical way. At the same time, the tendon prestressing losses and the consequent stress distribution through it are calculated. The transference of the resultant prestressing forces to the finite element model, either for beams or for solid elements, checking and design according to the most international codes, taking into account the prestressing actions, are also discussed here in. Introduction Nowadays a civil engineer can choose between two different ways of calculating a bridge. The first one is to build a model made out of beam elements. This model can be bi-dimensional or three-dimensional (grid). The second way is to use a three dimensional model, made out of solid elements. It is a common practice to start using the beam model, to adjust the prestressing tendons geometry, and end up with the more complex solid model, to obtain more accurate results. In both methods the engineer will find a series of difficulties through out the process: model creation, moving loads, load combination selection, prestressing loads, code verification, etc. The aim of CivilFEM is to give the engineer a series of utilities to handle all these problems, from the definition of the bridges sections to the result post processing. Procedure In order to perform the calculation of a bridge, the customization presented in this paper is divided into a series of steps: Layout definition in both plan and elevation views. Cross section definition. Solid modeling and finite element model automatic generation. Loads generation: mobile, surface loads and user defined loads. Prestressed loads generation and calculation of prestressing losses. Solution of individual load steps (prior to the combinations definition).

2 Solution of load combinations. Ultimate limit states check and structure reinforcement design by code. Limit state of cracking check by code. Layout definition It is defined by means of engineering parameters such as mileage points and curvature radius. The procedure used for the bridge layout definition is to locate the mileage points that represent the structure axis (trajectory). To completely describe the structure s axis in the space, it is necessary to set the bridge stretches that connect these points in plan and elevation views. Plan view In plan view, the mileage points line is a sequence of curves that can be straight segments, circular arcs or clothoid arcs. Each one is defined by the initial and final mileage points, the initial an final curvature radius and the angle with respect to the previous curve, in case there is no continuity in tangency (figure 1). Figure 1. Definition of plan view segments Elevation view In elevation view, the curves that will make up the layout can be straight segments or parabolic fillets. These curves are traced by the initial and final mileage points, the slope at each end and the angle with respect to the previous segment (figure 2).

3 Figure 2. Definition of elevation view segments Once the mileage points, and therefore the layout, are defined, the trajectory line can be plotted. A keypoint is automatically created between every 2 lines generated. The maximum size of the lines can also be defined allowing for a finer discretization of the trajectory. Lines and keypoints are stored into an assembly, which can be later used to describe the movement and location of the mobile loads and surface loads. Cross sections definition A library with bridge sections has been created. This section catalogue contemplates the multiple geometric possibilities for the slab concrete cross sections and for the box cross sections. Figure 3. Library of bridge cross sections (box and slab cross sections) Any generic box or slab cross section can be easily defined (by only specifying some key dimensions), either by menus or by the corresponding commands, allowing to perform parametric design of cross sections or create APDL macros.

4 As shown in figure 3, the sections can be either symmetric or asymmetric. The slab cross sections can have any generic geometry, from a rectangular shape to a polygonal asymmetric shape. Furthermore, circular holes can be introduced at any location inside the section. The box cross sections can also be made of any complex shape by easily editing any of its dimensions. It is also possible to define them by applying a symmetry condition to simplify its creation. The sections and the hole diameters (for box sections) can differ along the bridge but the number of holes should be the same to allow for an automatic hexahedral meshing of the bridge. Once a cross section is created, an internal mesh pattern will automatically be defined, from which the finite element will be extruded (figure 4). The mesh pattern can be easily modified or controlled, by using graphical menus or commands. Figure 4. Cross section mesh pattern Assigning attributes to the cross sections For the automatic generation of the complete geometrical and finite element model of the bridge, the previously defined cross sections should be assigned to the bridge layout by defining the following attributes: - Cross section number. To specify, from all the cross sections defined, the one that must be used at this certain point. - Location in the layout (mileage point). It can be located at any point in the layout, and its real position will be automatically calculated. - Offset. The location of the section refers to the section axis, but it is possible to move the cross section, perpendicular to the layout, by defining an offset. - Bank - Skew angle - Solid or hollow behavior. It allows considering hollow sections as solid sections, by filling the section holes, at particular points of the structure (at supports, for example). - Transition law between cross sections. The section s transition between MP s can be done by using straight segments or splines. This feature enables the modelization of a variable depth bridge in a very easy and intuitive way by just locating some cross sections in some key positions.

5 Figure 5. Cross sections attributes Model Generation After defining the attributes as described in the previous section, the bridge solid modeling and finite element generation is carried out automatically. Just by specifying the element type to be used, a solid finite element model or a beam element model will be generated. Four modeling options are available: Only the solid model is created The bridge solid model (lines, areas and volumes) is automatically generated taking into account the layout and cross section attributes previously defined. The corresponding ANSYS commands should be used to mesh the model. Create the solid modeling and mesh only the first section In this case, apart from the solid model generation, the first section is meshed using MESH200 elements. The finite element mesh should be completed using ANSYS standard commands. Create the solid modeling and the finite element model When this option is chosen, both the solid and finite element models are generated. The cross section mesh pattern (see figure 4) is used to sweep the mesh along the defined path. The longitudinal mesh density can be controlled by specifying a maximum element size in this direction. Elements SURF154 are automatically generated over the bridge deck when this option is chosen, in order to be used to place loads on the model. Furthermore, it also generates components with areas, volumes, deck nodes and deck elements and an assembly containing deck s nodes and elements. They can be later used to the automatic mobile load and overload generation. Additionally, the program creates a local coordinate system at each section that is placed along the bridge layout. This local coordinate system, and the elements and nodes components that have been created allow an easy capture of the sections. This capture, called solid section, is a plane representation of a slice of the solid finite element model, that will obtain the results (stresses and strains) from the model, and can be later checked and designed by the program according to codes (see reference 1), or postprocessed in a similar way as a beam s cross section.

6 Figure 6. Capture of a solid section Create the solid modeling and the finite element model with BEAM44 elements A beam element model will be created and automatically all the different cross sections will be created, for its later check and design. Furthermore, it also defines an assembly with the bridge s nodes and elements. Figure 7. Beam and Solid finite element model Moving loads and surface loads One of the loads that should be considered when analyzing a bridge is the typified vehicle that moves along the deck. This vehicle varies from one code to another, it may be different depending on the importance of the road (traffic density), or may have different natures (people walking, trucks, trains, etc.) so it is important to create a flexible way of defining any kind of vehicle. To accomplish this, a series of commands have been created with which the engineer will be able to describe its vehicle and the way it moves. The vehicle may have any number of wheels (or load positions), with virtually any distribution.

7 The vehicle behavior is also taken into account by selecting how it will adapt to the movement path. It can remain tangent to the path in one point, so the vehicle geometry does not change (typical movement of a truck), or it can be adapted to the path, bending the vehicle in order to locate all the wheels inside the path (typical movement of a train). To improve the flexibility of this load generator, the vehicle can follow any kind of path. By creating a group of connected lines the trajectory will be defined, and will be automatically interpreted by the program. Once the vehicle and its movement is defined, it can be applied to the model. It is necessary to define a component of SURF154 elements, which will provide the connection between the loads and the model. This component will be automatically generated when the finite element mesh is created, but a different one can be used if a different part of the bridge needs to be loaded, or if the model was not created using the automatic generation option. The loads from the moving vehicle will have a vertical component, and may optionally have an horizontal component to simulate acceleration or braking actions. Surface loads, such as non-structural components weight or generalized traffic loads, can also be easily created with the loads generator. A loading grid, independent from the finite element mesh, or from the SURF154 component, is defined using lines and keypoints. The SURF154 elements will be automatically loaded following this grid. Vertical and horizontal loads can be created, in the same way as with mobile loads. Both types of loads, mobile loads and surface loads, can generate a big number of load states (one load state for each load position). Each load state can be handled independently, but for an effortless utilization, the loads will be grouped into families. This way, all the loads generated by a moving vehicle, for example, will be inserted into a cluster of loads. The loads inside this cluster, or family, will be combined latter on following the combination rules specified, which can be chosen from a list of typical combination rules, or can be created using the generic combination rule. After the loads have been applied and inserted into the proper families, the model can be solved for all the loads. The different load steps generated can then be combined using the families combination rules. The families can also be combined together, in order to obtain the desired load combination, as it will be described further on in this paper. Prestressed Concrete There are two possible ways of taking into account prestress actions in finite element models. The first one is to model the prestressing tendons, using beam or link elements with an initial strain, inside the model we have already created. To do this you must adapt the original finite element mesh, to locate the nodes where the tendons will be, to be able to connect the beam elements to the solid elements. If the mesh cannot be changed, then coupling equations can be used to blend the tendons movements to those of the solid elements. Putting together in the same model elements with such a different nature (solids and beams), with different degrees of freedom, etc. can easily lead to errors in the results, meshing problems, peaks of stresses on certain nodes, etc. and therefore results should be checked very carefully. The second way of considering prestress actions is to create a group of loads equivalent to the action the prestressing tendon will create on the model. This loads will be put directly in the model s nodes, without having to change its geometry or mesh. This method, which is the one implemented by CivilFEM, has the advantage that it can be used on any kind of model, or mesh. It can also be applied on a model made up of beam elements.

8 But before prestressing actions are inserted in the model, they have to be calculated. With the aim of doing this, a virtual entity is created, called support beam. The support beam represents the geometry of the original model, but with certain simplifications, so it will consider only those aspects needed to design and calculate the prestressing tendons. Along the support beam a series of cuts will be inserted, as shown in figure 8. This cuts will carry the geometrical data of the model, material properties and code properties (in order to design prestressing tendons). The support beam can be described as the backbone of the model, and the cuts as its ribs. CUT SEGMENT SUPPORT BEAM Figure 8. Support beam schema The support beam will automatically be calculated from the model, by selecting the desired cuts. In a model made out of beams, these cuts will directly be the nodes between elements. In a model made out of solid elements, the cuts will be plane sections which will be created using the solid section import utility, as explained before. Once the support beam is defined, the tendons can be placed in its desired location by using the tendon editor (figure 9). Each tendon has two independent geometries for plan and elevation views, which will automatically be put together to define its three-dimensional geometry. These geometries are created using second-order Bezier curves, which allow to easily adapt the arcs to all the common tendons layout. The tendons will follow the control points located at the cuts, where the position and slope are defined.

9 Figure 9. Tendon editor The tendons have a series of properties or options that can be modified, as for example the casing diameter (in order to discount the concrete area for the section mechanical properties), the prestressing order (to establish the sequence of prestress) or the way it is prestressed. After creating the tendons, and assigning the prestressing force, the prestress losses are calculated. The following types of losses will be considered: Immediate losses: o Losses due to friction through the prestressing duct. o Losses due to the slippage of strands in the anchorages. o Losses due to elastic shortening of concrete member. Long term losses: o Losses due to concrete shrinkage. o Losses due to concrete creep. o Losses due to steel relaxation. Long term losses are not independent one from the others. They take place together and interact between them. It is possible to choose two kinds of calculations for long term losses, the first one will consider them independent, and the second one will create a simplified coupling between them, based on codes formulations (References 2 and 3) and the Dischinger-Birkenmaier solution (Reference 4). As a secondary tool, the tendons defined in the tendon editor can be plotted inside the finite element model as a series of lines and keypoints, in order to see how the three-dimensional tendon will be placed (figure 11). Checking and postprocessing The solved model can be postprocessed using any ANSYS or CivilFEM tool (figure 10).

10 The skilled combination module has a great utility when analyzing a bridge. It will allow to obtain the load combination needed for a certain target, or the loads envelope. The load families previously created (see moving loads and surface loads) will be handled here, and can be combined in groups in order to obtain the desired global combinations (Reference 1). Checking by code will be performed by CivilFEM in order to know if the structure is code compliant or should be modified: For Ultimate Limit States prestressing tendons will be taken into account as an active part inside the cross section. To do so, the isostatic part of the results, due to prestressing actions, will be substracted from the complete results (Reference 1). Bending, shear and torsion reinforcement defined in the section will be analized. Limit States of Cracking in concrete sections are also calculated, and compared to the code s limits. Figure 10. Section results Conclusion An important improvement in bridge design has been achieved with this development. From the beginning of the model creation, to the results postprocessing, the engineer will have an important package of utilities that will lead him to spend less time creating the model and loads, and to better understand the obtained results. An achievement of this customization is the availability to create any kind of model, not only a bridge, and use the mobile loads and surface loads generator, the skilled combinations utility or the checking and design tools. Even more, the prestressing tendons can be defined in any finite element model, and can be used to apply these loads into it (figure 11).

11 Even though this paper was focused on linear static analysis, the moving loads (vehicles) can be used, with a small knowledge of ANSYS, to perform a dynamic analysis of the model. All non-linear features in ANSYS (contacts, material non linearities, large strains, etc.) are also compatible with the model created, and with the generated loads. Tendon 'Prestressed tank' Y Z X Figure 11. Tendon plot on a prestressed water tank References 1) CivilFEM Theory Manual, version 8.0 2) Eurocode 2. Design of concrete structures. CEN ) Instrucción de Hormigón Estructural. EHE. Comisión Permanente del hormigón.ministerio de Fomento. 1999, Madrid. 4) Dischinger, F.: Entwicklungen und Fortschritte im Eisenbeton. In: Neues Bauen im Eisenbeton. Deutscher Beton-Verein E.V

1. Stress Analysis of a Cantilever Steel Beam

1. Stress Analysis of a Cantilever Steel Beam . Stress Analysis of a Cantilever Steel Beam Applicable CivilFEM Product: All CivilFEM Products Level of Difficulty: Easy Interactive Time Required: 5-0 minutes Discipline: Structural Steel Analysis Type:

More information

MIDAS Training Series

MIDAS Training Series MIDAS midas Civil Title: All-In-One Super and Sub Structure Design NAME Edgar De Los Santos / MIDAS IT United States 2016 Substructure Session 1: 3D substructure analysis and design midas Civil Session

More information

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Volume 3, No 1, 2012

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Volume 3, No 1, 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Volume 3, No 1, 2012 Copyright by the authors - Licensee IPA- Under Creative Commons license 3.0 Research article ISSN 0976 4399 Finite element

More information

Bridging Your Innovations to Realities

Bridging Your Innovations to Realities Tutorial 2 Prestressed Concrete Bridge Bridging Your Innovations to Realities 1 Contents 2 1. Project Information 2. Definition of materials 3. Definition of Sections 4. Definition of Time dependent Materials

More information

5.4 Analysis for Torsion

5.4 Analysis for Torsion 5.4 Analysis for Torsion This section covers the following topics. Stresses in an Uncracked Beam Crack Pattern Under Pure Torsion Components of Resistance for Pure Torsion Modes of Failure Effect of Prestressing

More information

CHAPTER 11: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

CHAPTER 11: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CHAPTER 11: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE 11.1 GENERAL (1) This chapter gives general guidelines required for the design of prestressed concrete structures or members with CFRM tendons or CFRM tendons in conjunction

More information

DETERMINATION OF FAILURE STRENGTH OF CURVED PLATE WELD JOINT USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

DETERMINATION OF FAILURE STRENGTH OF CURVED PLATE WELD JOINT USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. 2012 Chetan S Baviskar et al., 2012 Research Paper ISSN 2278 0149 www.ijmerr.com Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2012 2012 IJMERR. All Rights Reserved DETERMINATION OF FAILURE STRENGTH

More information

Jerome J. Connor Susan Faraji. Fundamentals of Structural. Engineering. ^ Springer

Jerome J. Connor Susan Faraji. Fundamentals of Structural. Engineering. ^ Springer Jerome J. Connor Susan Faraji Fundamentals of Structural Engineering ^ Springer Contents Part I Statically Determinate Structures 1 Introduction to Structural Engineering 3 1.1 Types of Structures and

More information

Hyperstatic (Secondary) Actions In Prestressing and Their Computation

Hyperstatic (Secondary) Actions In Prestressing and Their Computation 5.5 Hyperstatic (Secondary) Actions In Prestressing and Their Computation Bijan O Aalami 1 SYNOPSIS This Technical Note describes the definition, computation, and the significance of hyperstatic (secondary)

More information

USE OF SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR MODERN BRIDGE DESIGN

USE OF SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR MODERN BRIDGE DESIGN USE OF SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR MODERN BRIDGE DESIGN J. Stampler *, H. Bokan **, D. Janjic ***, M. Heiden **** * Senior Consulting Engineer, TDV GmbH, Graz, Austria ** Manager Project Centre, TDV

More information

Sabah Shawkat Cabinet of Structural Engineering 2017

Sabah Shawkat Cabinet of Structural Engineering 2017 3.1-1 Continuous beams Every building, whether it is large or small, must have a structural system capable of carrying all kinds of loads - vertical, horizontal, temperature, etc. In principle, the entire

More information

Parametric Study of Continuous Concrete Beam Prestressed with External Tendon

Parametric Study of Continuous Concrete Beam Prestressed with External Tendon Parametric Study of Continuous Concrete Beam Prestressed with External Tendon Assistant Professor, College of Engineering, Diyala University, Iraq ABSTRACT This paper presents the results of a parametric

More information

Efficient Mathematical Model for Prestressing Cables and Its Implementation in Computer Analysis

Efficient Mathematical Model for Prestressing Cables and Its Implementation in Computer Analysis IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM) e-issn: 2278-5728, p-issn: 2319 765X. Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. V (May-Jun. 2014), PP 32-38 Efficient Mathematical Model for Prestressing Cables and Its Implementation

More information

Design and Rating of Steel Bridges

Design and Rating of Steel Bridges 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated Parametric and Integrated Bridge Design LEAP Bridge Steel Steve Willoughby Design and Rating of Steel Bridges 2 WWW.BENTLEY.COM 2014 Bentley Systems, Incorporated 1 Discussion

More information

Asymmetric network arch bridges

Asymmetric network arch bridges Asymmetric network arch bridges Structures and Architecture Cruz (Ed.) 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-49249-2 B. Zwingmann & S. Marx Institute of Concrete Structures, Dresden University

More information

Reliability of Using Modal Curvature Method in Long Span Cable Stayed Bridges

Reliability of Using Modal Curvature Method in Long Span Cable Stayed Bridges Reliability of Using Modal Curvature Method in Long Span Cable Stayed Bridges Dhanya S Remesan 1, Rahul Leslie 2, Ashok Mathew 3 1 M Tech Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Sree Buddha College of

More information

Introduction to Structural Analysis TYPES OF STRUCTURES LOADS AND

Introduction to Structural Analysis TYPES OF STRUCTURES LOADS AND AND Introduction to Structural Analysis TYPES OF STRUCTURES LOADS INTRODUCTION What is the role of structural analysis in structural engineering projects? Structural engineering is the science and art

More information

THE EUROPE BRIDGE, IN PORTUGAL: THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN

THE EUROPE BRIDGE, IN PORTUGAL: THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN THE EUROPE BRIDGE, IN PORTUGAL: THE CONCEPT AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN A.J.Reis 1,J.J.Oliveira Pedro 2 ABSTRACT The Europe bridge is a cable stayed bridge with a main span of 186m. A 3D stay cable arrangement

More information

Bridge articulation No. 1.04

Bridge articulation No. 1.04 Bridge articulation Scope This Guidance Note gives advice on the selection of the articulation arrangements, the choice of bearing types and dispositions of bearings, for bridges where relative movement

More information

Design and Construction of the SH58 Ramp A Flyover Bridge over IH70. Gregg A. Reese, PE, CE, Summit Engineering Group, Inc.

Design and Construction of the SH58 Ramp A Flyover Bridge over IH70. Gregg A. Reese, PE, CE, Summit Engineering Group, Inc. Design and Construction of the SH58 Ramp A Flyover Bridge over IH70 Gregg A. Reese, PE, CE, Summit Engineering Group, Inc., Littleton, CO ABSTRACT: The SH58 Ramp A bridge in Golden, CO is the latest on

More information

Non Linear Analysis of Composite Beam Slab Junction with Shear Connectors using Ansys.16

Non Linear Analysis of Composite Beam Slab Junction with Shear Connectors using Ansys.16 International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 5 Issue 4 April 2016 PP.22-29 Non Linear Analysis of Composite Beam Slab Junction with Shear

More information

CSiBridge Version Release Notes

CSiBridge Version Release Notes CSiBridge Version 20.0.0 Release Notes Copyright Computers and Structures, Inc., 2017 Notice Date: 2017-12-14 This file lists all changes made to CSiBridge since the previous version. Most changes do not

More information

Determination of Failure Strength of Flat Plate Weld Joint Using Finite Element Analysis

Determination of Failure Strength of Flat Plate Weld Joint Using Finite Element Analysis International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 12, December-2012 1 Determination of Failure Strength of Flat Plate Weld Joint Using Finite Element Analysis M. V. Dalvi 1, Mrs.

More information

Concrete and Masonry structures 3

Concrete and Masonry structures 3 Concrete and Masonry structures 3 133CM03 Model Homework 1 Post-tensioned prestressed concrete bridge - assignment Design a post-tensioned prestressed concrete bridge of a three-span arrangement. The construction

More information

Live Load Distribution Factors Suitable For Concrete Bridges Under Ecp 201 And Euro Code 1991 Loading

Live Load Distribution Factors Suitable For Concrete Bridges Under Ecp 201 And Euro Code 1991 Loading Live Load Distribution Factors Suitable For Concrete Bridges Under Ecp 201 And Euro Code 1991 Loading Ahmed M. Saleh, Mohamed Rabie and Ezz-El-Din Kamel Structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineerin,g

More information

BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM WITH OPENING

BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM WITH OPENING International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2017, pp. 581 593, Article ID: IJCIET_08_07_062 Available online at http:// http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=8&itype=7

More information

THE DESIGN OF EXTERNALLY BONDED REINFORCEMENT (EBR) FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY MEANS OF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMERS (FRP)

THE DESIGN OF EXTERNALLY BONDED REINFORCEMENT (EBR) FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY MEANS OF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMERS (FRP) THE DESIGN OF EXTERNALLY BONDED REINFORCEMENT (EBR) FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES BY MEANS OF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMERS (FRP) Introduction Dott. Ing. Giovanni Cerretini Studio Technica (studio@technica.net)

More information

CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS METHOD

CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS METHOD CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS METHOD 3.1 ELASTIC STATIC ANALYSIS Elastic static analysis is done to calculate stress ratio between before and after subsidence. The structure will behave elastic when the first yield

More information

Journal of Asian Scientific Research EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR CONCRETE-FILLED STEEL-HOLLOW SECTION BEAM-COLUMNS

Journal of Asian Scientific Research EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR CONCRETE-FILLED STEEL-HOLLOW SECTION BEAM-COLUMNS Journal of Asian Scientific Research journal homepage: http://www.aessweb.com/journals/5003 EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR CONCRETE-FILLED STEEL-HOLLOW SECTION BEAM-COLUMNS Kamyar Bagherinejad 1 ---- Emad Hosseinpour

More information

Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Column with ANSYS

Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Column with ANSYS Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Column with ANSYS V. S. Pawar 1, P. M. Pawar 2 1P.G. Student, Dept. Of civil Engineering, SVERI s College of Engineering Pandharpur, Maharashtra, India 2Professor,

More information

E APPENDIX. The following problems are intended for solution using finite element. Problems for Computer Solution E.1 CHAPTER 3

E APPENDIX. The following problems are intended for solution using finite element. Problems for Computer Solution E.1 CHAPTER 3 E APPENDIX Problems for Computer Solution The following problems are intended for solution using finite element analysis software. In general, the problems associated with Chapters 3, 4, and 9 can be solved

More information

DISPLACEMENT-BASED SEISMIC DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES

DISPLACEMENT-BASED SEISMIC DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES DISPLACEMENT-BASED SEISMIC DESIGN OF CONCRETE BRIDGES V.G. Bardakis 1 and M.N. Fardis 2 1 Post-Doctoral Researcher, Structures Lab, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Patras, Patras,Greece 2 Professor

More information

POST-TENSIONING APPLICATION AND TECHNOLOGY. Moe Kyaw Aung

POST-TENSIONING APPLICATION AND TECHNOLOGY. Moe Kyaw Aung POST-TENSIONING APPLICATION AND TECHNOLOGY Moe Kyaw Aung Overview 1. Background 2. Basic Design Concept 3. Application and Benefits 4. Components of Post-tensioning System 5. Installation Process 6. Construction

More information

FAQ. External Prestressing. Professional Engineering Software. Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions for RM2004

FAQ. External Prestressing. Professional Engineering Software. Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions for RM2004 Professional Engineering Software Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions for RM2004 Technische Datenverarbeitung Dorian Janjic & Partner GmbH Papers included in the series are detailed descriptions for

More information

TREATMENT OF BEAMS IN FLOOR PRO

TREATMENT OF BEAMS IN FLOOR PRO Structural Concrete Software System TN255_beam_treatment_in_FP_10 062507 TREATMENT OF BEAMS IN FLOOR PRO First draft FLOOR-Pro program is capable of simulating the treatment of the structural components

More information

REVIEW ON SHEAR SLIP OF SHEAR KEYS IN BRIDGES

REVIEW ON SHEAR SLIP OF SHEAR KEYS IN BRIDGES REVIEW ON SHEAR SLIP OF SHEAR KEYS IN BRIDGES Benjamin Raison R; Freeda Christy C PG student, School of Civil Engineering, Karunya University. Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Karunya

More information

Analytical Study on a Longitudinal Joints of the Slab-Type Modular Bridges Sang-Yoon Lee, Jung-Mi Lee, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Jae-Joon Song

Analytical Study on a Longitudinal Joints of the Slab-Type Modular Bridges Sang-Yoon Lee, Jung-Mi Lee, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Jae-Joon Song International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 6 22 Analytical Study on a Longitudinal Joints of the Slab-Type Modular Bridges Sang-Yoon Lee, Jung-Mi Lee, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Jae-Joon Song Abstract

More information

Creep and Shrinkage Analysis of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks

Creep and Shrinkage Analysis of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks Abstract Creep and Shrinkage Analysis of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks XIN Haohui; LIU Yuqing; Zheng Shuangjie Tongji University,Shanghai, China 2011xinhaohui@tongji.edu.cn; yql@tongji.edu.cn;

More information

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE SLABS

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE SLABS NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE SLABS Adel A. Al-Azzawi and Basma M. Abdul Al-Aziz Department of Civil Engineering, Factually of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University,

More information

Fagà, Bianco, Bolognini, and Nascimbene 3rd fib International Congress

Fagà, Bianco, Bolognini, and Nascimbene 3rd fib International Congress COMPARISON BETWEEN NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CYCLIC RESPONSE OF ALTERNATIVE COLUMN TO FOUNDATION CONNECTIONS OF REINFORCED CONCRETEC PRECAST STRUCTURES Ettore Fagà, Dr, EUCENTRE, Pavia, Italy Lorenzo

More information

Study of Shear Behavior of RC Beams: Non Linear Analysis

Study of Shear Behavior of RC Beams: Non Linear Analysis Study of Shear Behavior of RC Beams: Non Linear Analysis 3477 Study of Shear Behavior of RC Beams: Non Linear Analysis Umer Farooq and K.S. Bedi1 Abstract Shear Failure of reinforced concrete beam more

More information

Bijan Khaleghi, Ph, D. P.E., S.E.

Bijan Khaleghi, Ph, D. P.E., S.E. 0 Submission date: July, 0 Word count: 0 Author Name: Bijan Khaleghi Affiliations: Washington State D.O.T. Address: Linderson Way SW, Tumwater WA 0 INTEGRAL BENT CAP FOR CONTINUOUS PRECAST PRESTRESSED

More information

TORSION SIMPLIFIED: A FAILURE PLANE MODEL FOR DESIGN OF SPANDREL BEAMS

TORSION SIMPLIFIED: A FAILURE PLANE MODEL FOR DESIGN OF SPANDREL BEAMS TORSION SIMPLIFIED: A FAILURE PLANE MODEL FOR DESIGN OF SPANDREL BEAMS Gary Klein, Gregory Lucier, Sami Rizkalla, Paul Zia and Harry Gleich Biography: Gary Klein, FACI, is Executive Vice President and

More information

LARSA 2000/4th Dimension: Staged Construction Analysis

LARSA 2000/4th Dimension: Staged Construction Analysis LARSA 2000/4th Dimension: Staged Construction Analysis LARSA 2000/4th Dimension: Staged Construction Analysis for LARSA 2000 Finite Element Analysis and Design Software Larsa, Inc. Melville, New York,

More information

EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BRIDGE COMPETITION STUDENT GUIDELINES

EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BRIDGE COMPETITION STUDENT GUIDELINES EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT BRIDGE COMPETITION STUDENT GUIDELINES A PROJECT DEVELOPED FOR THE UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM ON INSTRUCTIONAL SHAKE TABLES Developed by: Kurt McMullin Assistant Professor Department of

More information

Do It Right The First Time, Every Time And On Time. An Introduction to HERCULES LMK PT. Website:

Do It Right The First Time, Every Time And On Time. An Introduction to HERCULES LMK PT. Website: Do It Right The First Time, Every Time And On Time An Introduction to HERCULES LMK PT Content 1.Introduction 2.Post-Tensioning System 3.Typical Stressing Procedure 4.Typical Preliminary Design 5.PT Slab

More information

V B D S. Visual Bridge Design System. S. Q. Wang, Ph.D., P.E. and Chung C. Fu, Ph.D., P.E. Distributed By

V B D S. Visual Bridge Design System. S. Q. Wang, Ph.D., P.E. and Chung C. Fu, Ph.D., P.E. Distributed By V B D S Visual Bridge Design System By S. Q. Wang, Ph.D., P.E. and Chung C. Fu, Ph.D., P.E. Distributed By The Bridge Engineering Software and Technology (BEST) Center University of Maryland, College Park,

More information

CONCRETE SPLICED GIRDERS IN TEXAS. Nicholas Nemec, P.E. TxDOT-BRG

CONCRETE SPLICED GIRDERS IN TEXAS. Nicholas Nemec, P.E. TxDOT-BRG CONCRETE SPLICED GIRDERS IN TEXAS Nicholas Nemec, P.E. TxDOT-BRG October 15, 2014 What is a Concrete Spliced Girder? 2 What is a Concrete Spliced Girder? What it is NOT : Continuous For Live Load 3 What

More information

AASHTOWare Bridge Rating/DesignTraining. STL9 Curved Steel 3D Example (BrR/BrD 6.5)

AASHTOWare Bridge Rating/DesignTraining. STL9 Curved Steel 3D Example (BrR/BrD 6.5) AASHTOWare Bridge Rating/DesignTraining STL9 Curved Steel 3D Example (BrR/BrD 6.5) Last Modified: 7/31/2013 STL9-1 AASHTOWare BrR/BrD 6.5 Last Modified: 7/31/2013 STL9-2 AASHTOWare BrR/BrD 6.5 AASHTOWare

More information

The Europe Bridge in Portugal: concept and structural design

The Europe Bridge in Portugal: concept and structural design Journal of Constructional Steel Research 60 (2004) 363 372 www.elsevier.com/locate/jcsr The Europe Bridge in Portugal: concept and structural design A.J. Reis a,b,, J.J. Oliveira Pedro a,b a GRID-Consulting

More information

SLENDER STEEL ARCHES WITH PARTICULAR HANGER ARRANGEMENT FOR MODERNISING CONCRETE BRIDGES (ARCH 04)

SLENDER STEEL ARCHES WITH PARTICULAR HANGER ARRANGEMENT FOR MODERNISING CONCRETE BRIDGES (ARCH 04) Arch Bridges ARCH 04 P. Roca and E. Oñate (Eds) CIMNE, Barcelona, 2004 SLENDER STEEL ARCHES WITH PARTICULAR HANGER ARRANGEMENT FOR MODERNISING CONCRETE BRIDGES (ARCH 04) Ph. Van Bogaert *, W. De Corte

More information

Deflection Assessment of an FRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge. By Danielle K. Stone, Andrea Prota, and Antonio Nanni

Deflection Assessment of an FRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge. By Danielle K. Stone, Andrea Prota, and Antonio Nanni Deflection Assessment of an FRP-Reinforced Concrete Bridge By Danielle K. Stone, Andrea Prota, and Antonio Nanni Synopsis: Serviceability of FRP-reinforced concrete structures remains a highly relevant

More information

The Hashemite University Department of Civil Engineering. Dr. Hazim Dwairi. Dr. Hazim Dwairi 1

The Hashemite University Department of Civil Engineering. Dr. Hazim Dwairi. Dr. Hazim Dwairi 1 Department of Civil Engineering Lecture 2.1 Methods of Prestressing Advantages of Prestressing Section remains uncracked under service loads Reduction of steel corrosion (increase durability) Full section

More information

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HOLLOW-CORE SLABS. E. Frăţilă a, *, Z. Kiss a

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HOLLOW-CORE SLABS. E. Frăţilă a, *, Z. Kiss a FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HOLLOW-CORE SLABS E. Frăţilă a, *, Z. Kiss a a Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Civil Engineering, 28. Memorandumului str. 400114, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Received:

More information

Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling & Simulation

Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling & Simulation Full-Scale Structural and Nonstructural Building System Performance during Earthquakes & Post-Earthquake Fire A Joint Venture between Academe, Industry and Government Nonlinear Finite Element Modeling

More information

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE PIER COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO SEISMIS LOADING

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE PIER COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO SEISMIS LOADING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE PIER COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO SEISMIS LOADING By Benjamin M. Schlick University of Massachusetts Amherst Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

More information

Spatial Three-dimensional Technology of Special-shaped Pier Based on BIM

Spatial Three-dimensional Technology of Special-shaped Pier Based on BIM Smart Construction Research RESEARCH ARTICLE Spatial Three-dimensional Technology of Special-shaped Pier Based on BIM YU Hongli, LONG Wenliang,QINA Jia,XIONG Yuangu No.1 Engineering Co., LTD. Of FHEC of

More information

Torsion in tridimensional composite truss bridge decks

Torsion in tridimensional composite truss bridge decks Torsion in tridimensional composite truss bridge decks André B. Almeida Instituto Superior Técnico Technical University of Lisbon Lisbon, Portugal e-mail: branco.almeida.a@gmail.com Abstract Torsion stiffness

More information

Strength Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures

Strength Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures Chapter 6 Strength Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures 6.1 Analysis and Design General Considerations 6.1.1 Convention and Notation Unless otherwise explicitly stated, the following units shall be

More information

Strengthening of hollow core precast slabs using FRP composite materials procedure, testing and rating

Strengthening of hollow core precast slabs using FRP composite materials procedure, testing and rating Strengthening of hollow core precast slabs using FRP composite materials procedure, testing and rating FLORUŢ SORIN-CODRUŢ*, NAGY-GYÖRGY TAMÁS*, STOIAN VALERIU*, DIACONU DAN* * Department of Civil Engineering

More information

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams using Near-Surface Mounted FRP Mohamed Husain 1, Khaled Fawzy 2, and Mahmoud Nasr 3

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams using Near-Surface Mounted FRP Mohamed Husain 1, Khaled Fawzy 2, and Mahmoud Nasr 3 ISSN: 239-5967 ISO 900:2008 Certified Volume 4, Issue 5, September 205 Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams using Near-Surface Mounted FRP Mohamed Husain, Khaled Fawzy 2, and Mahmoud Nasr 3 Abstract-

More information

Behavior and Analysis of Horizontally Curved Composite Steel Girder Bridge System

Behavior and Analysis of Horizontally Curved Composite Steel Girder Bridge System e-issn: 2278-1684, p-issn: 232-334X. PP 45-52 Behavior and Analysis of Horizontally Curved Composite Steel Girder Bridge System Gourav Gajrani 1, Dr. L. M. Gupta 2 1,2 (Department of App. Mechanics, VNIT,

More information

Simplified Finite Element Modelling of Multi-storey Buildings: The Use of Equivalent Cubes

Simplified Finite Element Modelling of Multi-storey Buildings: The Use of Equivalent Cubes Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering (8) 28 Simplified Finite Element ling of Multi-storey Buildings: The Use of Equivalent Cubes B. Li, C. F. Duffield & G. L. Hutchinson University of Melbourne,

More information

Precast Concrete Bearing Wall Panel Design (Alternative Analysis Method) (Using ACI )

Precast Concrete Bearing Wall Panel Design (Alternative Analysis Method) (Using ACI ) Precast Concrete Bearing Wall Panel Design (Alternative Analysis ethod) (Using ACI 318-14) Precast Concrete Bearing Wall Panel Design (Alternative Analysis ethod) (Using ACI 318-14) A structural precast

More information

ADAPT-PTRC 2016 Getting Started Tutorial ADAPT-PT mode

ADAPT-PTRC 2016 Getting Started Tutorial ADAPT-PT mode ADAPT-PTRC 2016 Getting Started Tutorial ADAPT-PT mode Update: August 2016 Copyright ADAPT Corporation all rights reserved ADAPT-PT/RC 2016-Tutorial- 1 This ADAPT-PTRC 2016 Getting Started Tutorial is

More information

Example. Monday, October 19, 2015

Example. Monday, October 19, 2015 Example Monday, October 19, 2015 11:26 AM Using a prestressed Y4 beam with reinforced concrete deck slab as the deck example as shown in Fig.1; the deck having a 10 skew, a span of 20m and carrying a 7.3m

More information

7.1 Transmission of Prestress (Part I)

7.1 Transmission of Prestress (Part I) 7.1 Transmission of Prestress (Part I) This section covers the following topics. Pre-tensioned Members 7.1.1 Pre-tensioned Members The stretched tendons transfer the prestress to the concrete leading to

More information

Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer

Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, VOLUME 2, ISSUE 3, SEPTEMBER 2015 Nonlinear Analysis of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Layer Nasreddin Elmezaini (1) and

More information

Mechanical Performance of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks

Mechanical Performance of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks Mechanical Performance of Composite Truss Bridge with Double Decks Jun HE PH.D Tongji University Shanghai, China frankhejun@gmail.com Biao MA Civil Engineer Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design General

More information

Technical Notes POST-TENSIONING IN GROUND-SUPPORTED SLAB 1. Bijan O Aalami 2 First draft

Technical Notes POST-TENSIONING IN GROUND-SUPPORTED SLAB 1. Bijan O Aalami 2 First draft Post-Tensioning Expertise and Design August 11, 2014 TN207_sog_stresses_4 POST-TENSIONING IN GROUND-SUPPORTED SLAB 1 Bijan O Aalami 2 First draft CONTENTS C.1 OVERVIEW C.2 ENGINEERS BENDING STRESS ASSUMPTIONS

More information

BrD Superstructure Tutorial

BrD Superstructure Tutorial AASHTOWare BrD 6.8 BrD Superstructure Tutorial PS12 Prestressed Concrete I Beam Using BrD LRFD Engine BrD Superstructure Training PS12 - Prestressed Concrete I Beam Using BrD LRFD Engine 1'-9" 55'-6" Total

More information

Performance based Displacement Limits for Reinforced Concrete Columns under Flexure

Performance based Displacement Limits for Reinforced Concrete Columns under Flexure Performance based Displacement Limits for Reinforced Concrete Columns under Flexure Ahmet Yakut, Taylan Solmaz Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey SUMMARY:

More information

VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGY TO REPRESENT CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGY TO REPRESENT CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES 17 th International Conference on the Applications of Computer Science and Mathematics in Architecture and Civil Engineering K. Gürlebeck and C. Könke (eds.) Weimar, Germany, 12 14 July 2006 VIRTUAL REALITY

More information

Page 53 pren (Final draft)

Page 53 pren (Final draft) Page 53 SECTION 5 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 5.1 General provisions The purpose of analysis is to establish the distribution of either internal forces and moments, or stresses, strains and displacements, over

More information

ESTREDIF - Building Structures

ESTREDIF - Building Structures Coordinating unit: Teaching unit: Academic year: Degree: ECTS credits: 2015 250 - ETSECCPB - Barcelona School of Civil Engineering 751 - DECA - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering MASTER'S

More information

In-plane testing of precast concrete wall panels with grouted sleeve

In-plane testing of precast concrete wall panels with grouted sleeve In-plane testing of precast concrete wall panels with grouted sleeve P. Seifi, R.S. Henry & J.M. Ingham Department of Civil Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland. 2017 NZSEE Conference ABSTRACT:

More information

COMPARATIVE REPORT CYPECAD VS. ETABS

COMPARATIVE REPORT CYPECAD VS. ETABS COMPARATIVE REPORT CYPECAD VS. ETABS Contents SIMPLE FRAME EXAMPLE... 3 1. Introduction... 4 2. Dimensions and applied loads... 4 3. Materials and applied design code... 5 4. Nodes... 7 5. Moment and shear

More information

NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING SOLID65 ELEMENT

NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING SOLID65 ELEMENT NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING SOLID65 ELEMENT M. A. Musmar 1, M. I. Rjoub 2 and M. A. Abdel Hadi 1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Al-Ahliyya Amman University,

More information

Contents. Local (Structural) Stress Based Fatigue Design. Nominal Stress Ranges. Fatigue Design. Fatigue stress on a gusset

Contents. Local (Structural) Stress Based Fatigue Design. Nominal Stress Ranges. Fatigue Design. Fatigue stress on a gusset Contents Local (Structural) Stress Based Brief Review of Nominal Stress Based Structural Stress Based -Fatigue Assessment of Welded Joints- Department of Civil Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology

More information

Comparison of geotechnic softwares - Geo FEM, Plaxis, Z-Soil

Comparison of geotechnic softwares - Geo FEM, Plaxis, Z-Soil Comparison of geotechnic softwares - Geo FEM, Plaxis, Z-Soil Comparison du logiciel géotechnique Geo FEM, Plaxis, Z-Soil J. Pruška CTU in Prague FCE Department of Geotechnics, Prague, Czech Republic, Pruska@fsv.cvut.cz

More information

BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL UPDATES. Jamie F. Farris, P.E.

BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL UPDATES. Jamie F. Farris, P.E. BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL UPDATES Jamie F. Farris, P.E. October 2015 Table of Contents 1 BDM Chapter 2 Limit States and Loads 2 BDM Chapter 3 Superstructure Design 3 BDM Chapter 4 Substructure Design 4 Questions

More information

PUNCHING SHEAR STRENGTH OF GFRP REINFORCED DECK SLABS IN SLAB- GIRDER BRIDGES

PUNCHING SHEAR STRENGTH OF GFRP REINFORCED DECK SLABS IN SLAB- GIRDER BRIDGES IV ACMBS MCAPC 4 th International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures 4 ième Conférence Internationale sur les matériaux composites d avant-garde pour ponts et charpentes

More information

3D beam structural analysis software

3D beam structural analysis software 3D beam structural analysis software Use field Steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete or composite bridges Box-girder bridges, Cable-stayed, suspension, arched bridges or bowstring... Model definition

More information

A CABLE-STAYED FOOTBRIDGE IN BORMIO (ITALY)

A CABLE-STAYED FOOTBRIDGE IN BORMIO (ITALY) A CABLE-STAYED FOOTBRIDGE IN BORMIO (ITALY) Matteo MORATTI Project Manager Studio Calvi Srl Pavia, Italy Dario COMPAGNONI Civil Engineer Studio Compagnoni Bormio, Italy Gian Michele Calvi Professor Università

More information

1. Cast-in-place concrete is specified in Section

1. Cast-in-place concrete is specified in Section SECTION 03 38 00 PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 DESCRIPTION A. This Section describes the requirements for furnishing and installing post-tensioned slabs, jacks, jacking and anchors at Parking Structure, and record

More information

Railway Alignment Design and Geometry

Railway Alignment Design and Geometry Railway Alignment Design and Geometry Pasi Lautala, Michigan Tech University Tyler Dick, HDR, Inc. Topics Horizontal and Vertical geometry Clearances Turnout design Structures and loading 1 REES Module

More information

Al-Ta'an : Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Fibrous Reinforced Concrete Beam- Received 14 Sep Accepted 19 Feb.

Al-Ta'an : Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Fibrous Reinforced Concrete Beam- Received 14 Sep Accepted 19 Feb. عمود. . كما - ال تكرار. تم. ا لخرسانة. الخرسانة - عتبة-. ة ط.. Formerly, the design of monolithic reinforced concrete joints was limited to providing adequate anchorage for the reinforcement. However the

More information

The Practicing Engineer s Solution for Advanced Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis

The Practicing Engineer s Solution for Advanced Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis www.extremeloading.com The Practicing Engineer s Solution for Advanced Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis About Extreme Loading for Structures ASI s Extreme Loading for Structures (ELS) is the first advanced nonlinear

More information

Idealization of Structures and Loads

Idealization of Structures and Loads Idealization of Structures and Loads To analyze a structure by the methods that are described in these notes it must be idealized. By utilizing the idealized structural model the deformations and internal

More information

Geotechnical Engineering Software GEO5

Geotechnical Engineering Software GEO5 Geotechnical Engineering Software GEO5 GEO5 software suite is designed to solve various geotechnical problems. The easy -to -use suite consists of individual programs with an unified and user-friendly

More information

HILLCREST MANOR Palo Verde, California

HILLCREST MANOR Palo Verde, California STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS TN358_MAT_RC_desogm_example_040110 HILLCREST MANOR Palo Verde, California Structural Design of Mat (Raft) Foundation First draft ADAPT Corporation Redwood City, CA, USA

More information

Tech Tips SidePlate Connections FAQ 09/30/2017

Tech Tips SidePlate Connections FAQ 09/30/2017 Tech Tips SidePlate Connections FAQ 09/30/2017 Page 1 of 15 Introduction to SidePlate Connection Technology SidePlate Connection Technology is ideally suited to protect structures against seismic events,

More information

FE Review Mechanics of Materials

FE Review Mechanics of Materials 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1. T he element is subjected to the plane stress condition shown. a-x = - 140 M Pa a- y = 205 M Pa Txy = 100 M Pa What is t

More information

Transportation Route Alignments

Transportation Route Alignments 7.1 Introduction CHAPTER 7 Transportation Route Alignments 7.1 Introduction The famous Silk Road has been one of the best known ancient trade routes. This route consisted of many sections, links, and alternates.

More information

Seismic Response of a Typical Fixed Jacket-Type Offshore Platform (SPD1) under Sea Waves

Seismic Response of a Typical Fixed Jacket-Type Offshore Platform (SPD1) under Sea Waves Open Journal of Marine Science, 211, 1, 36-42 http://dx.doi.org/1.4236/ojms.211.124 Published Online July 211 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojms) Seismic Response of a Typical Fixed Jacket-Type Offshore

More information

ULTIMATE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF SELF-ANCHORED CONCRETE SUSPENSION BRIDGE

ULTIMATE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF SELF-ANCHORED CONCRETE SUSPENSION BRIDGE ULTIMATE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF SELF-ANCHORED CONCRETE SUSPENSION BRIDGE Meng Jiang*, University of Technology Dalian, P. R. China Wenliang Qiu, University of Technology Dalian, P. R. China Lihua Han,

More information

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HOLLOW STEEL SECTIONS UNDER COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND BENDING

STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF HOLLOW STEEL SECTIONS UNDER COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND BENDING International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 3, March 2017, pp. 868 877 Article ID: IJCIET_08_03_087 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=8&itype=3

More information

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON NORMAL AND SKEW BRIDGE OF PSC BOX GIRDER

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON NORMAL AND SKEW BRIDGE OF PSC BOX GIRDER IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eissn: 2319-1163 pissn: 2321-738 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON NORMAL AND SKEW BRIDGE OF PSC BOX GIRDER Pranathi Reddy 1, Karuna S 2 1 Post

More information

The Ultimate Structural Engineering Software Package!

The Ultimate Structural Engineering Software Package! RCsolver Superior Concrete Design Software by Deep Excavation LLC in association with Civil Engineering Department of A.U.TH. The Ultimate Structural Engineering Software Package! Deep Excavation LLC proudly

More information

Stability of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall

Stability of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Stability of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall GEO-SLOPE International Ltd. www.geo-slope.com 1400, 633-6th Ave SW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2P 2Y5 Main: +1 403 269 2002 Fax: +1 403 266 4851 Introduction

More information