The Passive Fire Protection Handbook

Transcription

1 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook The UK s comprehensive guide to passive fire protection Chapter Ceilings, Floors and Roofs AUGUST 0

2 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook Contents Chapter : Introduction Chapter : User guide Chapter : Structural Steel Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs 0 Introduction... 0 Timber Floors and Roofs... 0 Mezzanine Floors... Protection to Concrete Floor Slabs... 9 Suspended Ceilings... 0 Self-Supporting Ceiling Membranes... 8 Suspended Ceilings, Promat DURASTEEL... Promat SUPALUX Protected Zones... Promat SUPALUX Protected Zones, E0, EI... Promat SUPALUX Protected Zones, E0, EI... Promat SUPALUX Protected Zones, E0. EI0... Chapter : Partitions and External Walls Chapter : Fire Rated Ductwork and Service Enclosures Chapter : Penetration Seals Chapter 8: Smoke Barriers and Doors

3 CHAPTER : CEILINGS, FLOORS AND ROOFS Ceilings, Floors and Roofs TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk 0

4 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Introduction FIRE TESTING METHODS Floors should normally be tested or assessed in accordance with BS : Part : 98 and are required to satisfy the three failure criteria of loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation when exposed to fire from below. Loadbearing concrete floors supported by steel beams and protected with a suspended ceiling should be tested or assessed to BS : Part : 98. Design Considerations The following points should be considered when determining the correct specification to ensure a timber floor will provide the required fire performance:. Timber Joist Width The wider the joist the more bearing the fire protection panel has to be secured to and therefore will perform better in fire conditions.. Timber Joist Depth The deeper the joist the deeper the air cavity and the longer the heat will take to pass through the structure.. Timber Joist Spacing The further apart the joists, the greater distance the ceiling lining will have to span and therefore the more onerous the conditions in fire.. Timber Flooring The timber type, thickness and jointing are all critical. Note: In the following pages guidance will be given on most of the these topics. Further advice can be obtained from the Promat Technical Services Department.. Suspended Ceilings The distance between the underside of the timber joists and the suspended ceiling protecting the floor is critical. Normally, the greater the air cavity between the ceiling and floor, the better the fire performance.. Light Fittings Light fittings located within a ceiling cavity normally require to be enclosed in an adequately supported fire protection box to prevent fire spreading quickly into the ceiling cavity. Most light fittings will require ventilation in normal use, and this should be considered in the light box design.. Service Penetrations Care needs to be taken in detailing a suitable fire stopping system around any penetration of the floor by services to ensure: a) the fire stopping material remains in situ b) fire and smoke do not penetrate the floor cavity which ultimately will lead to premature collapse of the joists and/or penetration of fire and smoke through the timber flooring. 8. Cavity Barriers Building Regulations specify where cavity barriers are required. 9. Engineered Timber Joists Engineered or laminated joists should be treated differently to solid timber joists. Please contact the Promat Technical Services Department for further information. 0

5 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs - Timber Floors and Roofs NEW CEILING LINING Timber floors should normally be tested or assessed in accordance with BS : Part : 98 and are required to satisfy the three failure criteria of loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation when exposed to fire from below. Bodycote: WF Assessment No 90 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat MASTERBOARD boards, mm thick.. Timber noggings may be required behind transverse joints for decorative purposes only.. 0mm nails.. Clout nails or similar, 0mm long at nominal 00mm centres.. M steel anchor bolt at nominal 00mm centres.. Flooring, minimum 9mm thick T & G boarding.. Timber joists, minimum mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres. 8. Timber batten, 0mm x 0mm. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. Fig.0. B B A A Fig.0. Unlimited Detail Plan Fig.0. Fig.0. 8 Detail Wall connection (Section B-B) Detail Fixing to the underside of joists (Section A-A) TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk 0

6 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs Certifire Approval No CF 0 NEW CEILING LINING 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick.. Promat SUPALUX fillet/coverstrip, 80mm x 9mm. Fig.0.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x 0 kg/m or 0mm x kg/m.. mm nails (with heads) at 00mm centres or M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres.. Cover strips at lateral board joints should be fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of joint.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x 0 kg/m.. mm nails (with heads) at 00mm centres or M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick.. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. 08

7 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs - Timber Floors and Roofs NEW CEILING LINING 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards.. Steel angle, 0mm x 0mm x 0.8mm fastened to sides of joists with M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm nominal centres.. Rock wool is required within the cavity, tightly wrapped to sides of joists. Thickness and density of rock wool depends on floor specification. Please contact Promat Technical Services Department for details.. Timber joists are of such dimensions that the residual timber at the end of the 0 minute fire exposure period will be sufficient to maintain the loadbearing capacity in accordance with BS 8: Part : Section.. For suitable flooring specifications, please contact Promat Technical Services Department for details. Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk 09

8 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs Certifire Approval No CF 0 NEW CEILING LINING 90 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick. Stagger joints by at least 00mm.. Fixings Layer Layer Fig.0.8 mm steel wire nails at 00mm centres M x mm long steel screws at 00mm centres. Fix layer to layer at joints using M x 8mm long screws at 00mm centres on both sides of each joint.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick.. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. 90 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick.. Fixings Fillets Layer Tacked to joists with wire nails at any convenient centres M x mm long steel screws at 00mm centres Fig.0.9. Promat SUPALUX fillet/coverstrip, 80mm wide x mm.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x kg/m.. Coverstrips at lateral board joints should be fastened using M x 8mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of joint. 0

9 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs NEW CEILING LINING 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick. Stagger joints by at least 00mm.. Fixings Layer Layer Certifire Approval No CF 0 mm steel wire nails at 00mm centres M x 00mm long steel screws at 00mm centres. Fix layer to layer at joints using M x 8mm long screws at 00mm centres on both sides of each joint.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. Fig minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick.. Fixings Fillets Layer Tacked to joists with wire nails at any convenient centres M x 00mm long steel screws at 00mm centres. Promat SUPALUX fillet/coverstrip, 80mm wide x mm.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x kg/m.. Coverstrips at lateral board joints should be fastened using M x 8mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of joint. Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

10 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs Certifire Approval No CF 0 NEW CEILING LINING 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick. Stagger joints by at least 00mm, joints need not coincide with a joist. Fig.0.. Promat SUPALUX fillet, 80mm x mm, tacked to joist with steel wire nails.. Layer : mm steel wire nails at 00mm centres. Layer : M x 00mm long steel screws at 00mm centres.. Fix layer to layer at joints using M x mm long screws at 00mm centres on both sides of each joint.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x 0 kg/m.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part.

11 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs FIRE FROM ABOVE AND BELOW 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick. Edges of boards fastened to the flooring with M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres.. Promat SUPALUX ceiling specification (direct fix) suitable to provide 0 minutes fire protection from below. See Figures.0. and.0. for specification details.. Softwood T & G or square edged flooring, minimum mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square edged floorboards.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres. Certifire Approval No CF 0 Note: Additional flooring material may be required according to the impact and load bearing requirements. Fig.0. UPGRADING EXISTING CEILING FROM BELOW 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick.. Either 9.mm gypsum wallboard or lath and plaster. If lath and plaster, it is normally advisable to underline the existing ceiling with chicken wire mesh and timber battens before securing Promat SUPALUX.. M woodscrews at 00mm centres to each joist, select screw length to provide at least 0mm penetration into the timber joist.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 0mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

12 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs Certifire Approval No CF 0 UPGRADING EXISTING CEILING FROM ABOVE 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98. Fig.0.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick laid on top of supporting strips between joists.. Promat SUPALUX support strips, minimum 0mm deep, at least mm thick ( x mm or x mm) secured to sides of joists using M x 8mm long steel screws at 00mm centres. The bottom edge of support strips should be in contact with ceiling.. Existing ceiling.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x mm, at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square edged floorboards. Note: The specification is valid for applications where the fire risk is from below but where it is only possible to carry out work from above the floor. Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick laid on top of supporting strips between joists.. x Promat SUPALUX support strips, each minimum mm deep x mm thick secured to sides of joists using M x mm long steel screws at 00mm centres. Ensure screws are located approximately mm from upper edge of support strips. The bottom edge of support strips should be in contact with ceiling.. Rock wool, minimum 80mm x kg/m, not required if existing ceiling is gypsum wallboard.mm thick, in good condition.. Existing ceiling.. Timber joists, minimum 00mm x mm, at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square edged floorboards. Note: The specification is valid for applications where the fire risk is from below but where it is only possible to carry out work from above the floor.

13 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs TIMBER ROOF VOIDS 0 minutes fire rating, load bearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98. Certifire Approval No CF 0. Promat SUPALUX boards 9mm thick.. Promat SUPALUX coverstrip, 80mm wide x 9mm thick. Cover strips at lateral board joints fastened using M x 9mm long steel screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm thick x kg/m.. M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres.. Timber joists, minimum 9mm deep x mm wide at maximum 0mm centres. Note: For mm deep joists, an 80mm wide x 9mm thick Promat SUPALUX fillet is required to the underside of the joists. Fig.0. 0 minutes fire rating, load bearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick.. Promat SUPALUX fillet/coverstrip, 80mm wide x mm thick. Cover strips at lateral board joints fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. Rock wool, minimum x 0mm thick x 00kg/m, joints staggered by minimum of 0mm between layers.. M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres.. Timber joists, minimum mm deep x mm wide at maximum 0mm centres. Note: For mm, 9mm and 0mm deep joists, x 80mm wide x mm thick Promat SUPALUX fillets are required to the underside of the joists. Fig.0. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

14 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Timber Floors and Roofs Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. TIMBER ROOF VOIDS 0 minutes fire rating, load bearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick. First layer fixed using mm flat head nails at 00mm centres. Second layer, all joints offset by at least 00mm fixed through into the timber joists with M x 0mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres. Longitudal board joints in the first layer coincide with the joists. Joints in second layer fixed to first layer with M x mm long steel woodscrews at 00mm centres on both sides of joint. Joints transverse to joists are also staggered between Promat SUPALUX layers, cross noggings are required at transverse joints.. Promat SUPALUX fillet, 00mm wide x mm thick.. Rock wool, minimum x 00mm thick x 0kg/m, joints staggered by minimum of 0mm between layers.. Timber joists, minimum mm deep x 0mm wide at maximum 0mm centres. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. THATCHED ROOFS Promat can offer a series of systems based around the Dorset Model. These systems can offer up to 0 minutes fire protection to thatched roofs. For more information on these systems, please contact the Promat Technical Services.

15 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Mezzanine Floors PROTECTION TO STEEL JOISTED MEZZANINE FLOORS 0 minutes. Promat PROMATECT -0 boards, mm thick fastened parallel to the joists (with staggered transverse joints).. Promat PROMATECT -0 cover strips mm thick (placed over transverse joints between the joists).. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Minimum 8mm thick flooring grade chipboard.. 0mm timberdeck winged self-drilling screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Supporting framework of mezzanine floor (fire protected for a period equal to or greater than required for the mezzanine floor itself). For further details on the requirements of protecting structural steelwork, please refer to Chapter of this handbook.. Galvanised steel channel joists at maximum 00mm centres. 8. Cross bracing tie rod (if required). Bodycote: WF Assessment No 00 Fig minutes. Promat PROMATECT -0 boards, mm thick fastened parallel to the joists (with staggered transverse joints). Fig.0.. Promat PROMATECT -0 cover strips mm thick (placed over transverse joints between the joists).. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Minimum 8mm thick flooring grade chipboard.. 0mm timberdeck winged self-drilling screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Supporting framework of mezzanine floor (fire protected for a period equal to or greater than required for the mezzanine floor itself). For further details on the requirements of protecting structural steelwork, please refer to Chapter of this handbook.. Galvanised steel channel joists at maximum 00mm centres. 8. Cross bracing tie rod (if required). 8 TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

16 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Mezzanine Floors Bodycote: WF Assessment No 00 Fig.0. 8 PROTECTION TO STEEL JOISTED MEZZANINE FLOOR 90 minutes. layers Promat PROMATECT -0 boards, mm thick fastened parallel to the joists (with staggered transverse joints). Boards should be staggered by at least 00mm between layers.. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres.. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Minimum 8mm thick flooring grade chipboard.. 0mm timberdeck winged self-drilling screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Supporting framework of mezzanine floor (fire protected for a period equal to or greater than required for the mezzanine floor itself). For further details on the requirements of protecting structural steelwork, please refer to Chapter of this handbook.. Galvanised steel channel joists at maximum 00mm centres. 8. Cross bracing tie rod (if required). Fig.0. 0 minutes. layers Promat PROMATECT -0 boards, mm thick fastened parallel to the joists (with staggered transverse joints). Boards should be staggered by at least 00mm between layers.. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres. 8. mm self-drilling drywall screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Minimum 8mm thick flooring grade chipboard.. 0mm timberdeck winged self-drilling screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Supporting framework of mezzanine floor (fire protected for a period equal to or greater than required for the mezzanine floor itself). For further details on the requirements of protecting structural steelwork, please refer to Chapter of this handbook.. Galvanised steel channel joists at maximum 00mm centres. 8. Cross bracing tie rod (if required). 8

17 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Protection to Concrete Floor Slabs CONCRETE FLOORS Fire Testing Methods Concrete floors should normally be tested or assessed in accordance with BS : Part : 98 and are required to satisfy the three failure criteria of loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation when exposed to fire from below. Floors protected with a suspended ceiling should be tested or assessed to BS : Part : 98. The systems detailed in this section satisfy the above requirements. Please contact the Promat Technical Services Department for further details. PROTECTION TO REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR Promat have a range of boarded and spray applied solutions that can be applied directly to the underside of the concrete floor slabs, to provide fire protection in this application. Please contact the Technical services department for more information. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS The following points should be considered when determining the correct specification to ensure a concrete floor will provide the required fire performance: Concrete Density Density not only affects the concrete s strength but also its insulation properties and susceptibility to spalling when exposed to fire. Concrete Moisture Content Depending on the concrete type, concrete can spall when exposed to fire if its moisture content is greater than -%. Concrete Thickness and Cover to Reinforcing Bars The overall slab thickness will contribute to the strength and insulation of the structure, but the concrete cover to the lowest reinforcing bars is also critical. The concrete slab may need upgrading if inadequate cover has been provided. Supporting Steelwork Care should be taken that any structural steel supporting the concrete slab is adequately protected against fire. Other Factors The references made in the timber floor section to suspended ceilings, light fittings, service penetrations, cavity barriers and loading apply equally well to concrete floors. Type of Fire Exposure Building Regulations lay down limitations on the use of fire protecting suspended ceilings in certain situations. Care should be taken to ensure that the use of a suspended ceiling system is acceptable to the approval authorities. Concealed Grid Suspended and Membrane Ceilings For each primary channel a provision for longitudinal expansion equivalent to 0mm for each m length should be made. A nominal expansion clearance of mm is left between each end of each cross channel and the adjoining primary channel. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk 9

18 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. 8 PROTECTION TO STEEL BEAMS CONCEALED GRID Protection to steel beams supporting concrete floor - 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity (for steel beams above) in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square or bevelled edge).. Promat SUPALUX fillet, mm wide, 9mm thick.. No rock wool required.. Fire rated ceiling channel section, minimum 0mm x mm x 0.mm at 00mm or 0mm centres (primary channels are lipped).. Fillets fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at any convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX boards fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Rigid hangers at 000mm centres (fixed to steel beam or concrete soffit).. Structural steel beam. 8. Concrete floor slab. Perimeter steel angles 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick are fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure using minimum M x mm long steel screws into noncombustible plugs or equivalent. Fig.0. 8 Protection to steel beams supporting concrete floor - 90 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity (for steel beams above) in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square or bevelled edge).. Promat SUPALUX fillet, mm wide, 9mm thick.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm thick x kg/m or 0mm thick x kg/m density.. Fire rated ceiling channel section, minimum 0mm x mm x 0.mm at 00mm or 0mm centres (primary channels are lipped).. Fillets fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at any convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX boards fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Rigid hangers at 000mm centres (fixed to steel beam or concrete soffit).. Structural steel beam. 8. Concrete floor slab. Perimeter steel angles 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick are fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure using minimum M x mm long steel screws into noncombustible plugs or equivalent. 0

19 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings PROTECTION TO STEEL BEAMS CONCEALED GRID Protection to steel beams supporting concrete floor - 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity (for steel beams above) in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square or bevelled edge).. Promat SUPALUX fillet mm wide, 9mm thick.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm thick x 0kg/m or 0mm thick x 80kg/m density.. Fire rated ceiling channel section, minimum 0mm x mm x 0.mm at 00mm or 0mm centres (primary channels are lipped).. Fillets fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at any convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX boards fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Rigid hangers at 000mm centres (fixed to steel beam or concrete soffit).. Structural steel beam. 8. Concrete floor slab. Perimeter steel angles 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick are fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure using minimum M x mm long steel screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent. 8 TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

20 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.80. PROTECTION TO STEEL BEAMS EXPOSED GRID Protection to steel beams supporting concrete floor - 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity (for steel beams above) in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX ceiling panels, mm thick by 00mm x 00mm or 00mm x 00mm nominal, located at least 00mm from underside of steel beam.. Fire rated exposed grid tee system (minimum table width of mm) main tees at 00mm or 00mm centres. Panels are fixed using steel hold down clips along each 00mm edge and one at the centre of a 00mm edge. Perimeter steel angles with minimum mm wide horizontal leg and 9mm wide vertical leg and between 0. and 0.8mm thick, should be fastened using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. Galvanised steel wire hangers (minimum mm diameter) at maximum 0mm centres, fixed to beams using steel flange clips. Alternatively fixed to concrete slab using suitable firerated all-steel ring or hook anchors, minimum mm diameter.. Rock wool not required for 0 minutes fire resistance but may be required for thermal or acoustic reasons.. Structural steel beam.. Concrete floor slab. Fig.80. Protection to steel beams supporting concrete floor - 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity (for steel beams above) in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX ceiling panels, mm thick by 00mm x 00mm or 00mm x 00mm nominal, located at least 00mm from underside of steel beam.. Fire rated exposed grid tee system (minimum table width of mm) main tees at 00mm or 00mm centres. Panels are fixed using steel hold down clips along each 00mm edge and one at the centre of a 00mm edge. Perimeter steel angles with minimum mm wide horizontal leg and 9mm wide vertical leg and between 0. and 0.8mm thick, should be fastened using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. Galvanised steel wire hangers (minimum mm diameter) at maximum 0mm centres, fixed to beams using steel flange clips. Alternatively fixed to concrete slab using suitable firerated all-steel ring or hook anchors, minimum mm diameter.. Rock wool minimum 0mm x 0kg/m density.. Structural steel beam.. Concrete floor slab.

21 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings MEMBRANE CEILING 0 minutes fire rating, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below. Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.90.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square or bevelled edge).. Promat SUPALUX fillet, mm wide, 9mm thick.. Two layers of rock wool, each a minimum 0mm x 0kg/m or 0mm x kg/m. Joints should be staggered 00mm between layers.. Perimeter steel angles minimum 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick fastened using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. Fire rated concealed channel system ceiling channel section minimum 0mm wide x mm deep x 0.mm steel thickness. Primary channels are lipped channels. Primary channels positioned at nominal 00mm centres. Cross channels positioned between primary channels at board joints and connected to primary channels using interlocking steel connectors.. Fillet fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at any convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX boards fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Hanger rod at 000mm centres, tensile stress on hanger should not exceed N/mm (for fire exposure from above). Please consult Promat Technical Services Department for details of fixing hanger rods to structural soffit. Note: Maximum panel size for square edge: 0mm x 0mm Maximum panel size for bevel edge: 0mm x 0mm TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

22 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.90. MEMBRANE CEILING 0 minutes fire rating, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below.. Promat SUPALUX boards (square edged), layers of 9mm thick. Joints staggered by nominal 00mm between layers.. Rock wool, minimum 00mm thick ( x 0mm) x 00kg/m (Joints should be staggered 00mm between layers).. Fire rated concealed channel system. Ceiling channel section, minimum 0mm x mm x 0.mm steel thickness Primary channels are lipped channels. Primary channels positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Cross channels positioned between primary channels at board joints and connected to primary channels using interlocking steel connectors.. Perimeter steel angles minimum 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick fastened at nominal 00mm centres using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. First layer fixed with M x mm self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres. Second layer fixed with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres. (Joints should be staggered between layers).. Hanger rod at maximum 000mm centres, tensile stress on hanger should not exceed 0N/mm (for fire exposure from above the ceiling). Fig minutes fire rating, integrity in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from below.. Promat SUPALUX boards (square edged) 9mm thick.. Promat SUPALUX fillet, mm wide x 9mm thick.. Fire rated concealed channel system. Ceiling channel section minimum 0mm wide x mm deep x 0.mm steel thickness. Primary channels are lipped channels. Primary channels positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Cross channels positioned between primary channels at board joints and connected to primary channels using interlocking steel connectors.. Perimeter steel angles minimum 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick fastened at nominal 00mm centres using M x mm long steel self-tapping screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. Fillet fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX board fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angles with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Hanger rod at maximum 0mm centres.

23 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings TIMBER FLOORS The provisions of the Building Regulations lay down limitations on the use of fire protecting suspended ceilings in certain situations. Care should be taken to ensure that the use of a suspended ceiling system is acceptable to the approval authorities. As Promat SUPALUX ceiling panels are noncombustible, Class 0 materials, the following systems should be acceptable providing the Building Regulations guidance on cavity barriers and access panels are followed. Exposed Grid System 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX ceiling panels, mm thick by 00mm x 00mm or 00mm x 00mm nominal, located at least 00mm from underside of joists.. Fire rated exposed grid tee system (minimum table width mm), main tees at maximum 0mm centres. Panels are fixed using steel hold down clips along each 00mm edge and one at the centre of a 00mm edge. Perimeter steel angles with minimum mm wide horizontal leg and 9mm wide vertical leg and between 0. and 0.8mm thick, fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure.. Galvanised wire hangers, minimum mm diameter at maximum 0mm centres. Secure hangers to sides of joists using 8mm nails or screws located at least mm above joist base.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm thick. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.00. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

24 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.00. TIMBER FLOORS Exposed Grid System 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX ceiling panels, mm thick by 00mm x 00mm or 00mm x 00mm nominal, located at least 00mm from underside of joists.. Fire rated exposed grid tee system (minimum table width mm), main tees at maximum 0mm centres. Panels are fixed using steel hold down clips - along each 00mm edge and one at the centre of a 00mm edge. Perimeter steel angles with minimum mm wide horizontal leg and 9mm wide vertical leg and between 0. and 0.8mm thick, fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure with minimum M x mm fixings.. Galvanised wire hangers, minimum mm diameter at maximum 0mm centres. Secure hangers to sides of joists using 8mm nails or screws located at least mm above joist base.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x 0 kg/m fitted between tees.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres.. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part.

25 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings TIMBER FLOORS Concealed Grid System 0 minutes fire rating, loadbearing capacity, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98.. Promat SUPALUX mm panels (square or bevelled edge) to be located at least 00mm below underside of timber joists.. Promat SUPALUX fillet, mm wide x mm thick.. Fillets fixed to underside of primary and cross channels and perimeter angle with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at any convenient centres. Promat SUPALUX boards fixed through fillets to channels and perimeter angles with M x mm long steel self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres.. Fire rated concealed channel system. Ceiling channel section minimum 0mm wide x mm deep x 0.mm steel thickness. Primary channels are lipped channels. Primary channels positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Cross channels positioned between primary channels at board joints and connected to primary channels using interlocking steel connectors. Perimeter steel angles minimum 0mm x 0mm x 0.mm thick fastened at nominal 00mm centres to the concrete or masonry surrounding structure with minimum M x mm long steel screws into non-combustible plugs or equivalent.. Rigid hangers at maximum 0mm centres secured to sides of joists using 8mm nails or screws located at least mm above joist base.. Rock wool, minimum 0mm x kg/m laid over panels and grid members.. Timber joists, minimum 0mm x 8mm at maximum 0mm centres. 8. T & G or square-edged flooring, minimum 9mm. Secure.8mm hardboard over square-edged floorboards. Certifire Approval No CF 0 8 Fig.00. The construction, maximum span and maximum loading on all timber floors should be in accordance with BS 8: Part. Note: Maximum panel size for square edge: 0mm x 0mm Maximum panel size for bevel edge: 0mm x 0mm TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

26 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Self-Supporting Ceiling Membranes Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. SELF-SUPPORTING CEILING MEMBRANES 0 minutes fire rating, integrity only; in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x 9mm thick. The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table below for angle thickness.. M x 8mm long self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm long self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on fillets to channels and perimeter angles.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. Fig.0. Table a 0 and 0 minutes Ceiling span (m) C Channel purlin (mm) Perimeter angle thickness (mm) Expansion gap at each end (mm). x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x minutes fire rating, integrity only; in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x mm thick. The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table below for angle thickness.. M x 8mm long self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm long self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on fillets to channels and perimeter angles.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. 8

27 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Self-Supporting Ceiling Membranes SELF-SUPPORTING CEILING MEMBRANES 0 minutes fire rating, integrity only; in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x 9mm thick. The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards. Lateral board joints backed by Promat SUPALUX fillet fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table for angle thickness.. M x 8mm long self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on fillets to channels and perimeter angles.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. 0 minutes fire rating, integrity only; in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x mm thick. The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards. Lateral board joints backed by Promat SUPALUX fillet fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table for angle thickness.. M x 8mm self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on fillets to channels and perimeter angles.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. Fig.0. Table b 0 and 0 minutes Ceiling span (m) C Channel purlin (mm) Perimeter angle thickness (mm) Expansion gap at each end (mm). x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x.9.0 TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk 9

28 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Self-Supporting Ceiling Membranes Certifire Approval No CF 0 Fig.0. 8 SELF-SUPPORTING CEILING MEMBRANES 0 minutes fire rating, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, 9mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x 9mm thick The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards. Lateral board joints backed by Promat SUPALUX fillet fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table below for angle thickness.. M x 8mm long self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm long self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on coverstrip to purlins.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. 8. Rock wool, minimum x 0mm x kg/m joints staggered by 00mm between layers. Fig.0. Table c 0 and 0 minutes Ceiling span (m) C Channel purlin (mm) Perimeter angle thickness (mm) Expansion gap at each end (mm). x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x minutes fire rating, integrity and insulation in accordance with the criteria of BS : Part : 98 with fire from above or below.. Promat SUPALUX boards, mm thick (square edged).. Promat SUPALUX fillets, mm x mm thick. The thickness of Promat SUPALUX fillets on underside of the perimeter angles may be reduced by mm to maintain an even surface for the main ceiling boards. Lateral board joints backed by Promat SUPALUX fillet fastened using M x mm long self-tapping screws at nominal 00mm centres on both sides of the joint.. C-channel purlins (see table below) positioned at maximum 0mm centres. Expansion gap is left at both ends of the C channels.. Perimeter steel angle, nominally mm x 0mm, fastened to wall around perimeter of ceiling, through the 0mm leg, with minimum M x 0mm long all steel fixing anchors at 00mm nominal centres. See table for angle thickness.. M x 8mm long self-tapping screws fixed at 00mm centres on facing board and M x mm long self-tapping screws at 00mm centres on coverstrip to purlins.. M x 0mm long steel expansion bolts at 00mm centres.. Concrete or brickwall. 8. Rock wool, minimum x 0mm x 80kg/m joints staggered by 00mm between layers. 0

29 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings, Promat DURASTEEL PROMAT DURASTEEL Promat DURASTEEL ceilings provide horizontal barriers against fire and are tested and approved in accordance with the relevant criteria of BS : Parts : 98 and : 98. Promat DURASTEEL ceiling systems provide horizontal fire rated barriers which are resistant to fire from above or below. Their high strength permits light loads such as maintenance foot traffic and loads up to kn/m. Please contact Promat Technical Services Department for specifications. Certifire Approval No CF 9 Fig.0. The system design will depend on the performance requirements but typically comprises Promat DURASTEEL boards secured to a framework of steel tees, angles or channels. The systems are highly resistant to impact and provide excellent resistance to high pressure hose streams during fire. They can be used in any situation where a horizontal barrier is required. Installation Method. Promat DURASTEEL, 9.mm thick. Installation Method - Integrity. Steel framing, comprising of 80mm x 0mm x mm thick channels located at 00mm maximum centres or at every board to board joint. This may vary dependent on the size and performance requirements of the system.. Perimeter steel channels.. Transverse framing members comprising of steel channel 80mm x 0mm x mm thick located at every board to board joint. Note: For specific construction details please contact Promat Technical Services Department. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

30 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings, Promat DURASTEEL Certifire Approval No CF 9 Fig.0. Detail Installation Method - Integrity Fig.0. PROMAT DURASTEEL Installation Method, &. Promat DURASTEEL, 9.mm thick.. Steel framing, usually comprising of 0mm x 0mm x mm thick angles or 80mm x 0mm x mm thick channels. The sections are located at 00mm centres or at every board to board joint. This may vary dependent on the size and performance requirements of the system.. Steel angle tracks anchored to the wall substrate at nominal 00mm centres, using a non-combustible fixing.. Transverse framing members comprising of steel angles 0mm x 0mm x mm thick bolted or welded back to back. These are located at 00mm centres or at every board to board joint. They are secured to the main runners.. Rock wool, thickness and density in accordance with fire resistance requirements of the system.. Steel channels, bolted or welded to the main runner to support hanger rods size depends on the fire resistance requirement of the system.. Hanger rods, diameter depending on the fire resistance requirement of the system. Fig.0. Installation Method - Integrity Fig.0. Detail Note: For specific construction details please contact Promat Technical Services Department. Installation Method Integrity and insulation

31 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Suspended Ceilings, Promat DURASTEEL PROMAT DURASTEEL. Promat DURASTEEL, 9.mm thick.*. Steel framing, usually comprising of 80mm x 0mm x mm thick channels located at 00mm centres or at every board to board joint. This may vary dependent on the size and performance requirements of the system.. Steel channel tracks.. Transverse framing members comprising of steel channel 80mm x 0mm x mm thick located at 00mm centres or at every board to board joint.. Promat DURASTEEL fillets, thickness and number required depend on the fire resistance of the system.. Rock wool, thickness and density in accordance with fire resistance requirements of the system. Certifire Approval No CF 9 Fig.0. Note: For specific construction details please contact Promat Technical Services Department. * Additional sheet for top surface may be required for insulated systems or where fire attack may be from above. TECHNICAL SERVICES T: E: technical.promat@etexbp.co.uk

32 The Passive Fire Protection Handbook 0 Chapter : Ceilings, Floors and Roofs Promat SUPALUX Protected Zones FPA DESIGN GUIDE FOR THE FIRE PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS The FPA Design Guide is a document aimed at protecting businesses against disruption and loss of critical stock and machinery due to fire. It is published by the Fire Protection Association, in association with the InFiReS fire research group. In 000, the LPC published the most recent edition of Design Guide for the Fire Protection of Buildings. This was a major work of reference for those most closely concerned with the design and construction of industrial and commercial buildings. Now published by the FPA, the Design Guide informs architects and designers about the business risk management issues which relate to the fire protection of buildings, issues which supplement in very important ways the life safety requirements contained in the principal legislative controls (Approved Document B). Within the document, there is information on extent of the zone, fire ratings expected by insurers and the industry as a whole. The FPA has subsequently published a number of separate guides covering specific topics including the Design Guide for the protection of buildings Protected Zone (00). This is available through the FPA website at Fig.0. Independently protected steel (within protected zone) Compartment wall 00mm (if sprinklered) 000mm FPA Design Guide: Protected Zone Compartment wall parallel to ridge line Fig.0. Independently protected steel (within protected zone) 00mm Compartment Wall FPA Design Guide: Protected Zone Compartment wall perpendicular to ridge line