Standard Guidelines for the Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Urban Subsurface Drainage, ASCE/EWRI 12-, 13-, 14-05

Transcription

1 Standard Guidelines for the Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Urban Subsurface Drainage, Table of Contents Standard Guidelines for the Design of Urban Subsurface Drainage Foreword...ix Acknowledgements...x 1.0 SCOPE DEFINITIONS General Terms SITE ANALYSIS General Basic Requirements General Topography Geography Water Table Geology Water Source Soil Information General Soil Classification Strata and Layers Permeability and Drainability Soil-Water Chemistry Temperature Vegetation Environmental Factors General Water Quality Flooding Wetlands Principal or Primary Aquifers Hydrology Physical Constraints SYSTEM CONFIGURATION General Collection System Types Pipes Geocomposites Geomembranes...5

2 4.2.4 Geotextiles Aggregates Wick Drains Conveyance and Outlet Applications Foundation Drains Roads, Railroads, and Airports Longitudinal Drainage System Transverse Drainage System Base Drainage System Parking and Other Paved Areas Pervious Facilities Impervious Facilities Recreational and Turf Areas Landscaped Areas Appurtenances Pumping Stations Vaults Manholes Cleanouts DRAIN ENVELOPES General Determination of Need Design of Envelopes Pipe Holes, Slots, and Joints Multiple Filters Envelopes Bedding Envelopes Hydraulic Envelopes Envelope Materials Natural Materials Slags Artificial Materials HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY General Information Water Sources Subsurface Water Sources Surface Water Sources Establishing the Need for Subsurface Drainage General Removal Criteria for Different Environments and Climates Special Requirements for Paved Surfaces Basic Subsurface Drainage Theory Controlled Water Table Elevation Drainable Versus Nondrainable Groundwater Drainage Formulas and Recommended Practices Steady State Transient State Subsurface Drain Applications Soil Consolidation Using Wick Drains Groundwater Removal with Relief Drains Seepage Control with Interceptor Drains Water Control of Pavement Structural Sections...18

3 6.6 Inflow-Outflow Continuity Flow Continuity for Maximum Performance Inflow to Collectors Relief Drains Wick Drains and Chimney Drains Interceptor Drains Perimeter Drains and Edge Drains Hydraulics of Subsurface Drains Outflow of Collected Water Fundamental Hydraulic Theory for Drains Manning Equation Hydraulics of Geocomposite Drains Hydraulics of Geotextiles Hydraulics of Aggregate Drains Hydraulics of Consolidation Drains STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS Loading General Dead Loads Live Loads Construction Loads Embedment Pipe Design Corrugated Metal Pipe Thermoplastic Pipe Precast Concrete Pipe Clay Pipe Other Systems MATERIALS Pipe Concrete Pipe Thermoplastic Pipe Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Pipe Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe Metal Pipe Vitrified Clay Pipe (VCP) Other Materials and Products CODES AND PERMITS General Codes Permits REFERENCES Reference Documents General References...30 INDEX...61 Standard Guidelines for the Installation of Urban Subsurface Drainage Foreword...35 Acknowledgements...36

4 1.0 SCOPE DEFINITIONS General Terms CONTRACT DOCUMENTS General Plans Specifications Other SITE INVESTIGATION General Surface Features Subsurface Features Utilities Geologic Conditions INSTALLATION General Safety Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Site Preparation Materials Receiving, Handling, and Storage Line and Grade Excavation Excavation Limits Handling of Excavated Material Sheathing and Shoring Dewatering Foundation Preparation Placement of Drainage Materials Pipe Geocomposite Drainage Materials Other Drainage Materials Backfill Site Restoration INSPECTION General Inspection of Materials Prefabricated and/or Premanufactured Components Bedding, Backfill, and Envelope Materials Storage of Materials Inspection of Equipment Inspection of Construction General Construction Layout Excavation and Dewatering Installation Backfilling Televising Testing Safety...42

5 6.4.9 Suitability and/or Conformance Acceptance of Construction Recording Observations Record Drawings...43 Appendix A Recommended Use of Trench Boxes INTRODUCTION GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS SUBTRENCH CONSTRUCTION REGULAR TRENCH CONSTRUCTION SUMMARY REFERENCES Reference Document General References...47 INDEX...61 Standard Guidelines for the Operation and Maintenance of Urban Subsurface Drainage Foreword...50 Acknowledgements SCOPE DEFINITIONS General Terms OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN General Scope Responsibilities Design Criteria Normal Operating Procedures Abnormal Operating Procedures General Line Blockage Other System Components Maintenance Procedures General Corrective Maintenance Preventive Maintenance Checklists Annual System Inspection Safety General Mechanical Electrical Underground Procedures Other Safety Considerations WATER QUALITY...55

6 4.1 General Environmental Indicators Water Quality Standards PERIODIC INSPECTION General Underground Safety Inspection MAINTENANCE General Cleaning Mechanical and Electrical Repair Rehabilitation REFERENCES Reference Documents General References...59 INDEX...61