Design and construction with Ultra High. Fiber Reinforced cement based Composites (UHPFRC) :

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Rudolf Stewart
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Design and construction with Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement based

(EPFL) Lausanne, Switzerland Lecture 2 Composites (UHPFRC) : Design principles and

Review of UHPC (UHPFRC) structures Own design examples UHPFRC = Ultra High

1 Design and construction with Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement based Composites (UHPFRC) Eugen Brühwiler Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne, Switzerland Lecture 2 Design and construction with Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement based Composites (UHPFRC) : Design principles and basic material properties: why UHPFRC structures? Review of UHPC (UHPFRC) structures Own design examples UHPFRC = Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced cementbased Composites 1

(UHPC): Objective: combine the best of reinforced/posttensioned construction and steel construction : use high performance materials: cement and other reactive powders, superplastiziers,

2 UHPFRC = Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced cementbased Composites UHPFRC is not a concrete! 10mm Concrete Shortcomings: limited durability under severe exposure: rebar corrosion, AAR, frost heavy weight, material consuming slow construction Structural engineering using UHPFRC (UHPC): Objective: combine the best of reinforced/posttensioned construction and steel construction : use high performance materials: cement and other reactive powders, superplastiziers, steel (fibres, rebars, posttensioning elements) and avoid: sand and gravel, excessive amount of water cast joints design Lightweight structures: high ratio of live load to dead load precast elements fabrication and assemble/mount them using methods allowing for rapid construction 2

UHPFRC = Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement-based Composites Cement-based matrix :

(or: synthetic fibers) Fresh UHPFRC : self-compacting, workability, slope stability (up to 13%)

waterproof Combination with rebars and posttensioning : R-UHPFRC, P-UHPFRC UHPFRC : tensile

3 UHPFRC = Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced cement-based Composites Cement-based matrix : cement, reactive powders, quartz grains (<1mm) Steel fibers (10-15mm) : > 3% vol. (or: synthetic fibers) Fresh UHPFRC : self-compacting, workability, slope stability (up to 13%) Hardened UHPFRC : high strength (compression: MPa; tension 7-14MPa) and deformability, waterproof Combination with rebars and posttensioning : R-UHPFRC, P-UHPFRC UHPFRC : tensile behaviour stress Ut UHPFRC force R-UHPFRC elastic hardening softening UHPFRC steel rebar deformation Ut displacement 3

4 UHPFRC Type according to Standard SIA 2052 (2015) : UHPFRC Type U0 UA UB elastic tensile strength f Utek MPa 7,0 7,0 8.5 Ratio : f Utuk / f Utek > 0,7 > 1,1 > 1,2 hardening Utu f Utek /E Ut > 1,5 > 2,0 Compressive strength f Uck MPa Structural design of Structures in R-UHPFRC : Objective : find a balance between: creation (aesthetics) economy quality of a project while respecting the project boundary conditions and functional requirements: structural safety, serviceability, durability : standards, codes such as to define: dimensions of the structure, sections detaiing and material properties foundation construction method 4

lower than conventional construction methods, low maintenance and life cycle

water, low temperature) mechanical loading Lightweight structures (=> smaller

5 Why structures in UHPFRC? Aesthetics: originality and slenderness Economy: construction cost equal or lower than conventional construction methods, low maintenance and life cycle costs Structures under severe exposure : environmental influences (chlorides, water, low temperature) mechanical loading Lightweight structures (=> smaller foundations) Rapid construction and difficult site conditions some examples. Sherbrooke Pedestrian Bridge (Québec, Canada)

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7 Slenderness : height / span : 1:20 7

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11 Peace Pedestrian Bridge Seonyugyo over Han River, Seoul, 2002 Arch: span = 120m ; height = 15m Arch: span = 120m ; height = 15m 11

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14 Sakata-Mirai Pedestrian Bridge in Japan,

15 Sakata-Mirai Pedestrian Bridge in Japan, 2002 slenderness : height / span = 1 : 32!! 15

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19 Zonnestraal Monument (The Netherlands, 2005) BSI -CERACEM 9m x 9m plate structure with stiffeners; minimal thickness: 25 mm Shapes and surfaces for facades Centre bus RATP de Thiais (France) 1200 m2 378 plaques Centre culturel de Sedan (France) 330 m2 plaques 2 x 4.5 m, 5 cm épais 35 % de vides DUCTAL 19

20 Facade elements in UHPFRC SWATCH Building Cormondrèche, CH, 2007 CREABETON 37 Jean Bouin Stadium, Paris, (nov 12) Facade elements in UHPFRC 20

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23 MUCEM, Marseille, F, 2013 Rudy Ricciotti, arch. Romain Ricciotti, ing. 23

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28 Design and construction of new R UHPFRC structures: Own projects and contributions as consultant Martinet Pedestrian Bridge, Lausanne, CH, 2015 Emch & Berger ingénieurs, Town of Lausanne, EPFL 28

29 Slab, longit. section: Posttensioning: Standard SIA 2052 (2015) : Design for flexural resistance of a beam in R UHPFRC (Type UA/UB): Sectional forces deformations stresses internal forces 29

30 Standard SIA 2052 (2015) : Design for shear resistance of a web in R UHPFRC (Type UA / UB): combined tension compression stress field F tw V Rd VRd, U VRd, s V V Rd, U Rd b w z 0,5( futed f tan Asw, s z f sd (cot s Utud ) cot ) sin 30

31 Monolithic construction! François Hennebique ( ) Patent Hennebique

32 Design competition 1. Prize : Flint & Neill Eng. London Negrelli-Pedestrian Bridge, Zurich Main Railway Station April

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34 Design competition 1. Prize : Flint & Neill Eng. London Negrelli-Pedestrian Bridge, Zurich Main Railway Station Feasibility study: 2014/

35 Trial Design Study: Railway bridge with a span of 15m Straight posttensioning : balanced at mid-span Precast elements assembled by posttensioning Cross section: Short span railway bridge SU Unterwalden near Lucerne 35

Short span railway bridge, SBB Line 210, km 78.

plate cast in plant UHPFRC Type UA Design

layer on plate surface Cross section: UHFB

Natural stone masonry viaduct Bachtalen:

36 Short span railway bridge, SBB Line 210, km : Longitudinal section: Monolithic ribbed plate cast in plant UHPFRC Type UA Design according to SIA 2052 Elasto bloc bearing No layer on plate surface Cross section: UHFB Detailed design : 2015 Construction : 2016 Natural stone masonry viaduct Bachtalen: Ballasted track in a UHPFRC trough Conceptual design: E.Brühwiler 31Jan

37 BridgIng Trial study Châtelot Bridge BridgIng Trial study Châtelot Bridge 37

38 BridgIng Trial study Châtelot Bridge BFU P Trial study Châtelot Bridge 38

39 BridgIng Trial study Châtelot Bridge BridgIng 39

Structural parts with high mechanical loading R-UHPFRC

40 Improvement of concrete structures Conceptual idea : composite UHPFRC concrete : Structural parts with severe exposure Structural parts with high mechanical loading R-UHPFRC conventionnal reinforced concrete Project : Highway overpass, Hessen, Germany 40

41 Design of a composite UHPFRC RC bridge Design of a composite UHPFRC RC bridge Detail 1 : Detail 2 : protection and resistance function of UHPFRC 41

42 UHPFRC RC bridge : Design validation Special case approval and code verification Numerical simulations Quality assurance and monitoring Laboratory testing : 83 Experimental validation of UHPFRC hinge: 42

43 Conclusions : New (lightweight) R UHPFRC structures 43

Accelerated Bridge Strengthening using UHP(FR)C

ABC-UTC at Florida International University (FIU) Webinar : Thursday, December 14, 2017 Accelerated Bridge Strengthening using UHP(FR)C Eugen Brühwiler EPFL Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne,