Florida s Concrete Test Road. National Concrete Consortium Meeting September 23-25, 2013

Transcription

1 Florida s Concrete Test Road National Concrete Consortium Meeting September 23-25,

2 Why a Florida Test Road? Answers need for detailed data for rigid (PCC) pavement under Florida conditions. Currently no PCC pavement test facility open to real world traffic in the Southeastern U.S. Provide data for local calibration of M-E models Will provide pavement engineers a testing ground for new and innovative reconstruction, rehabilitation and maintenance techniques and materials. Total Lane Miles: 43,212 (Flexible and Rigid Combined) Flexible Rigid 2.4% (1040 Mi.) 97.6 % (42,172 Mi.) 2

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4 Test Road US-301, Clay County 4

5 Florida s Concrete Test Road Located in northwest Clay County, SR 200/US 301. Route serves as a significant truck connection between northeast and southwest Florida. Existing four-lane rural arterial section with a 40 foot median, 31% Trucks, design speed of 70 mph. Will consist of 2.5 miles of a two-lane roadbed constructed adjacent to the existing northbound lanes. A series of concrete test sections (52 total) including replicates. 5

6 Florida s Concrete Test Road WIM installation at south end of test sections. Dedicated weather station. Upon completion, the northbound traffic will be diverted to the parallel test road. Existing northbound asphalt road will provide alternate traffic lanes during evaluation periods. FY 2016, estimated construction cost $26 Million. 6

7 Typical Section 7

8 What will we learn? Structural test sections Thickness, base types, recycled material Drainage test sections Edge drains, joint sealant Construction Effects test sections Construction temperature, curing 8

9 Pavement Structures Asphalt Base ATPB Composite Base Concrete Pavement Slab (variable thickness) 4-inch Type B inch Stabilized Subgrade (LBR 40) Embankment Concrete Pavement Slab (variable thickness) 4 inch ATPB 2-inch Type SP 12-inch Stabilized Subgrade (LBR 40) Embankment Concrete Pavement Slab (variable thickness) 2-inch Type SP 4-inch Limerock Base (LBR 100) Embankment 9

10 Pavement Geometry Passing lane 12 ft. x 15 ft. slabs Travel lane 13 ft. x 15 ft. slabs Traffic Direction Widened edge 4 ft. asphalt shoulder 10

11 Structural Evaluation Concrete thickness (8-12 inches) Base type (ATPB, asphalt base, composite base) Recycled material (RAP as concrete aggregate) w/rap Black Base w/o RAP Black Base w RAP Comp Base w/o RAP Comp Base w RAP Treat Perm w/o RAP Treat Perm w/rap Black Base w/o RAP Black Base w RAP Comp Base w/o RAP Comp Base w RAP Treat Perm w/o RAP Treat Perm 8 in thickness 12 in thickness 4,400 ft. total 11

12 Test Section Layout Structural Factorial Sections (4400 Ft) BEGIN 8 inch slabs 12 inch slabs BB/ TPB/ CB/ TPB/ CB/ TPB/ no BB/ no no CB/ TPB/ no no RAP RAP RAP RAP RAP RAP RAP RAP RAP Replicates 1 BB/ RAP 2 BB/ no RAP 3 CB/ RAP Replicates 220 ft 12

13 Structural Evaluation Proposed Construction Sequence Concrete Slab Base Type Thickness with RAP Edge Drain Drainage Sealant Quality Construction Effects Joint Spacing, ft. Set Gradient, F 1 8 Y ATPB Y Good 15 NA 2 8 N Black Base Y Good 15 NA 3 8 Y Black Base Y Good 15 NA 4 8 N ATPB Y Good 15 NA 5 8 N Composite Y Good 15 NA 6 8 Y Composite Y Good 15 NA 7 8 N Black Base Y Good 15 NA 8 8 N Composite Y Good 15 NA 9 8 Y Composite Y Good 15 NA 10 8 Y Black Base Y Good 15 NA Y ATPB Y Good 15 NA N ATPB Y Good 15 NA N Composite Y Good 15 NA Y Black Base Y Good 15 NA N Black Base Y Good 15 NA Y Composite Y Good 15 NA Y Black Base Y Good 15 NA N Composite Y Good 15 NA N Black Base Y Good 15 NA Y Composite Y Good 15 NA 13

14 Drainage With and without edge drains Good and poorly sealed joints w/edge Drains Well Sealed w/edge Drains Poorly Sealed w/o Edge Drains Well Sealed w/o Edge Drains Poorly Sealed w/edge Drains Well Sealed w/edge Drains Poorly Sealed w/o Edge Drains Well Sealed w/o Edge Drains Poorly Sealed Asphalt Treated Permeable Base 3,600 ft. total Black Base 14

15 Test Section Layout Drainage Factorial Sections (3600 Ft) All 10 inch slabs Asphalt Treated Permeable Base Sections 1 ED/WS 4 no ED/PS 3 no ED/WS 2 ED/PS Replicates Black Base Sections 2 1 ED/PS ED/WS 225 ft 4 no ED/PS 3 no ED/WS Replicates 15

16 Drainage Evaluation Proposed Construction Sequence Concrete Slab Base Type Thickness with RAP Edge Drain Drainage Sealant Quality Construction Effects Joint Spacing, ft. Set Gradient, F N ATPB Y Good 15 NA N ATPB N Poor 15 NA N ATPB N Good 15 NA N ATPB Y Poor 15 NA N ATPB N Good 15 NA N ATPB N Poor 15 NA N ATPB Y Poor 15 NA N ATPB Y Good 15 NA N Black Base Y Poor 15 NA N Black Base Y Good 15 NA N Black Base N Poor 15 NA N Black Base N Good 15 NA N Black Base Y Good 15 NA N Black Base N Good 15 NA N Black Base Y Poor 15 NA N Black Base N Poor 15 NA 16

17 Construction Parameters Built-in slab shape due to construction temperature, joint spacing, shrinkage, creep, & curing Determines slab support conditions Critical to fatigue performance 18 ft. joint set grad <1⁰F 12 ft. joint set grad <1⁰F 18 ft. joint set grad >3⁰F 12 ft. joint set grad >3⁰F 18 ft. joint set grad <1⁰F 12 ft. joint set grad <1⁰F 18 ft. joint set grad >3⁰F 12 ft. joint set grad >3⁰F 8 inches 3,600 ft. total 12 inches 17

18 Test Section Layout Calibration Factorial Sections (3600 Ft) All Black Base 12 inch slabs 8 inch slabs 2 12'JS/ <1 4 12'JS/ >3 1 18'JS/ <1 3 18'JS/ > 'JS/ >3 1 18'JS/ <1 3 18'JS/ >3 2 12'JS/ < END Replicates 225 ft Replicates 18

19 Construction Effects Proposed Construction Sequence Concrete Slab Drainage Base Type Sealant Thickness with RAP Edge Drain Quality Construction Effects Joint Spacing, ft. Set Gradient, F N Black Base Y Good 12 < N Black Base Y Good 12 > N Black Base Y Good 18 < N Black Base Y Good 18 > N Black Base Y Good 12 > N Black Base Y Good 18 > N Black Base Y Good 12 < N Black Base Y Good 18 < N Black Base Y Good 12 > N Black Base Y Good 18 < N Black Base Y Good 18 > N Black Base Y Good 12 < N Black Base Y Good 12 > N Black Base Y Good 18 < N Black Base Y Good 12 < N Black Base Y Good 18 >3 19

20 How will we measure performance? The SMO will monitor performance throughout the year Material sampling/characterization during construction Nondestructive performance measurements Coring & destructive measurements when necessary Embedded instrumentation will be used to measure pavement response Traffic loads Environmental movement 20

21 Performance Survey Frequency Several performance surveys conducted during the year Seasonal extremes Experimental objectives Traffic will be diverted from test road during survey Average Rainfall, inch Temperature, ⁰F th Percentile 75th Percentile Average 2004 Hurricanes Tropical Storm Debby (2012) Month Avg Max Avg Mean Avg Min Month 21

22 40% of all hurricanes hit Florida (NOAA) 97 major hurricanes since 1851 FL - 37, LA - 20, TX - 19, NC -13, MS - 9 Since 2000, 63 tropical or sub-tropical cycles have affected Florida 2004: Charley*, Frances (15.8 in.), Ivan, Jeanne* 2005: Dennis*, Katrina (16 in.), Wilma* 22

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24 Performance Measurements Smoothness / Faulting Manual Survey Pavement Support (FWD) Layer Thickness (GPR) Pavement Images Friction 24

25 Instrumentation LVDT joint deflection Dynamic measurements Concrete strain Joint deflection Environmental measurements Concrete & asphalt temp Concrete strain Concrete curl/warp Soil moisture vibratory wire curl & warp Irro-Meter soil moisture pressure cell may use? thermo-couple tree temperature 25

26 Pavement Response Measurements Instrumentation will be specific to experimental objectives Dynamic measurements Measured during performance survey using truck of known weight, speed, axle configuration, etc. Environmental measurements Measured daily Dedicated weather station 26

27 Instrumentation Challenges Each of the 52 test sections is planned to have approximately 4 instrumented slabs. Above ground DAQ cabinets will be required to be placed 150+ feet from roadway edge. Test road will be in service for 10+ years. Potential of damage from lightning. Sensor/wire management. Off-site long-term data management & data retrieval. Volume of data & how to retrieve it. 27

28 Fiber Optic Sensor Technology SMO is currently evaluating feasibility of fiber optic strain gauges May allow for less roadside DAQ cabinets Cleaner signal due to less noise from long distances of copper wires Eliminate potential damage from lightning since sensors do not include copper wires 28

29 Bottom-Up Transverse Cracking Critical load condition: Truck axle are near longitudinal edge, midway between transverse joints Critical tensile bending stress occurs at bottom of slab Critical stress greatly increased when there is a high positive temperature gradient - Slab top warmer than slab bottom during day-time Repeated loading of heavy axles results in fatigue damage along the bottom of edge of the slab Widened slab assumed to move critical location from laneshoulder edge to longitudinal lane-to-lane joint edge

30 Top-Down Transverse Cracking Critical load condition: Combination of axles that loads opposite ends of a slab simultaneously Critical tensile bending stress occurs at top of slab near joint edge Factors that increase critical stress - High negative temperature gradient during night-time Slab top cooler than slab bottom - Moisture gradient - Significant amount of permanent upward curl/warp Repeated loading of heavy axles results in fatigue damage along the top of edge of the slab Widened slab assumed to move critical location from lane-shoulder edge to longitudinal lane-to-lane joint edge

31 Proposed Strain Gauges - Dynamic Load & Environmental (all sections) Wheel Path Environmental Strains Wheel Path Load Strains Widened Edge

32 Proposed Thermocouple Locations (all sections) 6 Thermocouples 8 Thermocouples 8 Thermocouples 8-inch Concrete Pavement Slab 1 inch 2 inch 10-inch Concrete Pavement Slab 1 inch 2 inch 3 inch 12-inch Concrete Pavement Slab 1 inch 2 inch 4 inch 4 inch 5 inch 6 inch 6 inch 7 inch 7 inch 8 inch 8 inch 4-inch Type B-12.5 or ATPB 10 inch 4-inch Type B-12.5 or ATPB 9 inch 12 inch 4-inch Type B-12.5 or ATPB 10 inch 11 inch 14 inch 6 Thermocouples 8 Thermocouples 8-inch Concrete Pavement Slab 1 inch 2 inch 12-inch Concrete Pavement Slab 1 inch 2 inch 4 inch 4 inch 6 inch 6 inch 7 inch 8 inch 2-inch Type SP 9 inch 10 inch 11 inch 2-inch Type SP 13 inch 32

33 Proposed Soil Moisture Gauges (Drainage sections) Subgrade Embankment Wheel Path Widened Edge 33

34 Proposed Concrete Moisture Gauges (Construction Effects Sections) Wheel Path Wheel Path Widened Edge 34

35 When Can We Expect Results Early results Instrumentation allows development of models within an early time period Long-term results (to pavement failure) Pavement performance instrumentation results allows for development and validation of models specific to Florida conditions 35

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37 Questions? 37