Noise and Vibration Assessment Aurecon

Transcription

1 Appendix M Noise and Vibration Assessment Aurecon Beca // 2 May // NZ // page 142

2 St Marys Bay and Masefield Beach Water Quality Improvement Project Noise and Vibration Assessment of Effects Auckland Council Reference: Revision: 8 26 April 2018

3 Document control record Document prepared by: Aurecon New Zealand Limited Level 4, 139 Carlton Gore Road Newmarket Auckland 1023 PO Box 9762 Newmarket Auckland 1149 New Zealand T F E W auckland@aurecongroup.com aurecongroup.com A person using Aurecon documents or data accepts the risk of: a) Using the documents or data in electronic form without requesting and checking them for accuracy against the original hard copy version. b) Using the documents or data for any purpose not agreed to in writing by Aurecon. Document control Report title Noise and Vibration Assessment of Effects Document ID Project number File path Client Client contact P:\ BST\ Hackett Diversion\5 Deliver Design\501 Engineering\Concept Design Feb- Sept2017\Acoustic and Vibration\Reports\ AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx Auckland Council Client reference Rev Date Revision details/status Author Reviewer Verifier (if required) Approver 7 24 April 2018 DRAFT for RC S Yung / F.Parr J.Grimes M Cobeldick 8 26 April 2018 Issued for RC S Yung / F.Parr J.Grimes M Cobeldick Current revision 8 Approval Author signature Approver signature Name Sharon Yung Name M Cobeldick Title Acoustic Engineer Title Associate Engineer Project File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx 26 April 2018 Revision 8

4 Contents 1 Executive Summary Introduction Project Overview Existing noise environment Activities description Construction noise and vibration Operational noise and vibration Noise and Vibration Performance Standards Auckland Unitary Plan - Operative in Part Construction Noise Construction Vibration Operational Noise Activity Status Other Relevant Standards and Guidelines NZS 6803:1999 Acoustics Construction Noise BS Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites AS/NZS 2107:2016 Acoustics Recommended design sound levels and reverberation times for building interiors Predicted Construction Noise and Vibration Levels Construction Noise Source Inventory Prediction Methodology Airborne Sound Predictions Ground-borne Noise Predications Vibration Predictions Pump station operations Predicted operational noise levels Assessment of Noise and Vibration Effects Enabling works, trenching & shaft construction Noise Piling vibration Tunnelling Pump station - operational noise and vibration Proposed Noise and Vibration Mitigation Measures Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan Conclusions Recommended Conditions of Consent Appendices Appendix A Prediction methodology Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 3

5 Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I Figures Construction noise contours Ground-borne noise contours Tunnelling vibration contours Piling vibration contours Operational noise contours BS5228 screening results Noise Monitoring Noise measurement details Results Summary of results Glossary of Terminology Figure 1 Location of St Marys Bay storage pipeline with shaft locations Figure 2 Aerial image of noise measurement positions Figure 3 AUPOIP Zone Map of St Marys Bay area (reproduced from AUPOIP GeoMaps updated 29 September 2017) Figure 4 Closest receivers to pump station Figure 5 Noise measurement positions Figure 6 Location of Logger Figure 7 MP1 Location Figure 8 MP3 Location Figure 9 MP4 Location Figure 10 MP5 Location Figure 11 MP1 Noise logging results September 2017 Tables Table 1 Summary of Expected Construction Activities Table 2 Construction noise limits for residential properties (reproduced from AUPOIP Table E ) Table 3 Construction noise limits for any other activity (non-residential), (reproduced from Table E of AUPOIP with 5dB reduction) Table 4 Vibration limits in buildings (replicated from AUPOIP Table E ) Table 5 Vibration guidelines for vibration on structures (replicated from Table 1 of DIN4150-3: ) Table 6 Noise limits at boundaries between Open Space Active Recreation Zone (replicated from Table E in AUPOIP) Table 7 Noise limits for coastal marina zone (replicated from Table E in AUPOIP) Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 4

6 Table 8 Transient vibration guidelines for cosmetic damage (replicated from Table B.2 in BS :2009) Table 9 Subjective evaluation of vibration (replicated from Table B.1 from BS :2009) Table 10 AS/NZS 2107 Internal noise criteria for residential properties (reproduced from Table 1 Item 7 in AS/NZS 2107) Table 11 Equipment used for noise assessment Table 12 Noise modelling software Table 13 Predicted airborne noise levels from construction activities Table 14 Predicted ground borne noise levels due to tunnelling Table 15 Predicted vibration levels for construction works Table 16 Predicted operational noise sources Table 17 Equipment details Table 18 Noise Logger results MP1 10 London Street, September 2017 Table 19 Measured noise levels, September 2017 Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 5

7 1 Executive Summary Aurecon New Zealand Limited (Aurecon) has been engaged by Auckland Council to provide an assessment of environmental noise and vibration effects for the St Marys Bay and Masefield Beach Water Quality Improvement Project (herein the project ). Operational noise and construction noise and vibration have been assessed for the proposed Project. The project includes the construction of three shafts (one in Point Erin Park, one in St Marys Road park, and one on the intersection of New Street / London Street) to enable tunnelling works to take place between Point Erin Park, St Marys Bay and the junction of London Street / New Street. The following key noise and vibration sources have been identified for the project: Construction at each shaft location - Point Erin Park, St Marys Road park, New Street / London Street intersection Trenching along Curran Street and Sarsfield Street Underground tunnelling operations including pipe-jacking Operational noise from the pump station Baseline noise surveys were undertaken at the three proposed shaft locations and other locations along the alignment to establish the current ambient noise levels in the area. The dominant noise source at all locations was road traffic from State Highway 1. Based on the elevated road traffic noise levels at the dwellings overlooking St Marys Road park, it is considered appropriate to apply the short-term construction noise limits to this area. Computational modelling of construction noise and vibration has been conducted based on the Aurecon understanding of the proposed construction methodology. Construction noise was modelled in Soundplan and assessed in accordance with NZS6803:1999. A detailed vibration model was developed based on measured data obtained from the recent tunnelling and pipe jacking works carried out on the nearby Auckland Transport City Rail Link (CRL) project. As the ground conditions are similar to the St Marys Bay area, the measured data is considered to be reflective of actual conditions experienced with this form of construction in the specific local geology. This information is considered to be the best available data and therefore represents the expected effects. The modelling results show: Daytime Construction Noise: Noise levels from the enabling works, shaft construction activities and trenching can generally comply with the applicable daytime noise limits. Night-time Construction Noise: Only supporting operations for tunnelling works are expected to be carried out at night to allow 24-hour operation of tunnelling. This would mainly occur at the Point Erin shaft with some activities at the St Marys Road park shaft. Computational noise modelling shows that with appropriate management, the proposed activities can comply with the proposed night-time noise limits. Night-time works are not proposed at the London Street / New Street shaft. Vibration from Piling: Piling is proposed at the three shaft locations during daytime hours only. With appropriate selection of piling methodology / equipment and the implementation of a Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan, CNVMP, vibration from piling can comply with the applicable vibration limits. Vibration from Tunnelling / Pipe-jacking: Predicted vibration levels from tunnelling comply with the daytime AUPOIP limit. For night-time operations, vibration levels are predicted to exceed the night-time AUPOIP vibration limit of 0.3 mm/s at approximately 100 properties. Vibration levels at these properties are predicted to be less than 1.0 mm/s, and based on the estimated speed of the TBM, it is expected that vibration levels at an individual property may exceed the night-time limits for a duration of approximately 17 nights. In accordance with BS a vibration level of 0.3 mm/s or greater is considered likely to be perceivable at residential locations, and at 1.0 mm/s vibrations has the potential to cause complaints, but could be tolerable to residents if given adequate prior warning. Night-time ground-borne noise from Tunnelling / Pipe-jacking: As a result of vibrations from tunnelling, ground-borne noise may be perceptible in nearby houses via noise transmitting through the dwelling structure. Ground-borne noise levels were assessed against a recommended internal criterion of 35 db LAeq for sleeping areas at night-time. While this is not a AUPOIP requirement, it is considered an appropriate limit with regards to potential sleep disturbance, which can be a concern for potentially affected parties. Predictions indicate that Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 6

8 noise levels in 76 properties may exceed the internal night-time noise level at times, although based on the speed of the TBM, is only expected for a limited number of nights. Operational Noise: The key operational noise source for the project will be the operation of the pump station, which is expected to be infrequent (approximately 50 to 100 hours a year). With appropriate design of the building and the ventilation system, noise generated from the operating pump station can comply with the AUPOIP criteria, and will be below the existing background noise levels. Noise modelling has shown that construction noise from the project can generally comply with the applicable noise limits with the implementation of an appropriate Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP). To enable the proposed 24 hours operations for the tunnelling, night-time supporting operations are required. Vibration and ground borne noise levels from night-time tunnelling operations is predicted to exceed the criteria at a limited number of properties. With adequate notification, consultation and monitoring at properties, these localised short-term exceedances are considered to be reasonable for the limited duration. As part of the CNVMP, it is proposed that the properties where noise or vibration levels are predicted to exceed the limits be notified of the upcoming works prior to the commencement of tunnelling activities to mitigate potential concern or disturbance. Acoustic modelling has shown that operational noise from the pump station proposed at Point Erin park can comply with the AUPOIP limits at the Residential and Marine Zone boundaries. Noise levels in the Point Erin park and nearby pool are considered to be acceptable and the effects are likely to be less than minor due to the elevated ambient noise environment and the limited operation of the pump. It is noted that the proposed construction methodologies and predicted noise levels are typical of construction works around Auckland. It is considered that implementation of the proposed Construction Noise and Vibration Management Plan (CNVMP) which considers equipment selection, methodology and noise mitigation, would mitigate any potential noise effects, and would provide the Best Practicable Option (BPO) for mitigating construction noise. The predictions made in this report are based on the currently available data and Aurecon s experience. It is proposed that the CNVMP would include monitoring during construction, and updating of the computational noise and vibration models to assess potential effects and mitigation for the duration of the project. Given the nature of the project and the proximity of residential receivers, there will be some construction noise and vibration affects at times. Predictions show that these levels are likely to be reasonable with the implementation of appropriate procedures, equipment selection and mitigation measures. It is considered that the implementation of a CNVMP represents the BPO for mitigating any potential noise and vibration effects. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 7

9 2 Introduction Aurecon has been engaged by Auckland Council (AC) to provide an assessment of environmental noise and vibration effects for the St Marys Bay and Masefield Beach Water Quality Improvement Project (herein the project ). Operational noise and construction noise and vibration have been assessed for the proposed project. This report outlines the assessment of environmental effects of operational noise and construction noise and vibration of the project. Computational modelling has been developed to assess the noise and vibration from the project. The resulting noise and vibration levels have been assessed against the applicable noise performance standards and the existing noise levels at the nearest receivers. This report is based on the following information: St Marys Bay and Masefield Beach Improvement Project Construction Methodology Report, Rev 2, 2 Feb Aurecon project drawings CC-1021 to Project Overview The project is being undertaken to mitigate the frequent combined wastewater/storm water overflows (CSOs) that occur at St Marys Bay and Masefield beaches, by providing CSO storage within a proposed new storage pipeline located from Point Erin Park to London/New Street. This pipeline will store the CSOs from the local catchment, and return these to Watercare s Branch 5 sewer as soon as there is capacity. The location and an overview of the project is shown in Figure 1 below. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 8

10 Marine Discharge Pipeline Option A2 Marine Discharge Pipeline Option A1 Point Erin Shaft and Pump Station and Odour Treatment Storage Pipeline Curran St / Sarsfield St Trenching Sarsfield St EOPs St Marys Shaft Hackett St EOP New St & London St Shaft and EOP Figure 1 Location of St Marys Bay storage pipeline with shaft locations The project involves the construction of a 1km long storage pipeline with an internal diameter of 1.8m from Point Erin Park through St Marys Bay to the corner of London/New Street. It is understood that the preferred construction methodology is a pipejacking technique using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The storage pipeline passes directly under some park areas and around 17 residential properties. Three vertical access shafts will be built along the alignment, one in Point Erin Park, one in St Marys Road park, and one on the intersection of New Street / London Street. The access shafts are also shown in Figure 1. These shafts are expected to be installed at the start of the project and each will likely take 3-4 months to construct. The shaft at New Street / London Street is within 40 metres of residential properties. The two other shafts, Point Erin and St Marys are further from residential receivers. The main construction site would be in Point Erin Park, where the majority of spoil would be extracted and temporarily stored to allow for the continuous progress of works. Some open trenching will be required along Curran Street and Sarsfield Street. Further trenching or jacking will be used to install the marine discharge pipeline across Curran Street and past the seawall to the west of Curran Street, with the marine pipeline discharging via an outlet structure some 450m from shore to the west of the Auckland Harbour Bridge. A pump station is proposed at Point Erin Park that pumps water to Branch 5 of the Orakei Main Sewer (OMS). A new marine discharge pipeline will discharge excess overflows from the storage pipeline via an overflow weir to the Waitemata Harbour west of the Auckland Harbour Bridge. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 9

11 It is currently envisioned that the total duration of the construction works would be 24 months although the tunnel boring process itself is likely to take up to six months. 2.2 Existing noise environment The area is generally residential in nature, with elevated road traffic noise levels from the adjacent State Highway 1 and other local roads. To gain a general understanding of the current noise environment, baseline noise monitoring was carried out at the three proposed shaft locations at Point Erin Park, St Marys Road park and London Street. A noise logger was installed at 10 London Street for one week (between 20 th and 28 th September 2017). This location was selected due to its relatively close proximity to the London Street / New Street shaft site and is considered representative of the acoustic environment in this area. Short term noise monitoring was carried out at Point Erin Park and St Marys Road park. The measurement locations are showing in Figure 2. MP5 MP4 State Highway 1 MP3 MP2 Noise logger location MP1 Figure 2 Aerial image of noise measurement positions At the noise logger location on London Street, MP1, the existing noise environment is dominated by road traffic noise from the State Highway 1 (SH1). The measured ambient noise levels in the area were between db LAeq during the day and between dba LAeq during the night. Noise levels at the other measurement positions were also dominated by road traffic noise from SH1, Shelly Beach Road, and the motorway on and off ramps. Daytime noise levels were similar at the other positions. Details of the noise monitoring results are included as Appendix H of this report. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 10

12 The dwellings surrounding St Marys Road park, overlooking the site, have an elevated position and the existing noise barriers along SH1 provide limited shielding from road traffic noise. Based on the measured noise levels and the traffic data available for SH1, dwellings overlooking the St Marys Road park site are expected to experience daytime road traffic noise levels at or above 55 db LAeq 7 days a week. Night time noise levels in the area are unlikely to drop below 45 db LAeq, and would rarely drop below 40 db LA90. On this basis the short-term construction noise limits are considered appropriate. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 11

13 3 Activities description To facilitate the tunnel construction, three vertical access shafts will be built along the length of the storage pipeline alignment. These shafts are expected to be installed at the start of the project and each will likely take 3-4 months to construct. The main construction site would be at Point Erin Park, where the majority of spoil will be extracted. It is anticipated that all excavated materials from the tunnelling will be stored temporarily at Point Erin Park to allow for continuous progress of works. It is understood that the preferred construction methodology for the storage pipeline is a pipejacking technique using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The TBM is expected to progress at a typical rate of 10 metres per day although this can vary depending on the particular ground conditions. The project also includes the construction of a shielded trench along Curran Street and Sarsfield Street to connect with the proposed pump station, and also a shielded trench across Curran Street to the seawall. A small pump station will be installed at the lower end of the storage pipeline at Point Erin Park that pumps to Branch 5 of the Orakei Main Sewer (OMS) in Sarsfield Street. It is understood that operation of the pump station is expected to be infrequent, approximately 50 to 100 hours per year. A new marine discharge pipeline will discharge excess overflows from the storage pipeline via an overflow weir to the Waitemata Harbour west of the Auckland Harbour Bridge. 3.1 Construction noise and vibration It is currently envisioned that the total duration of the construction works will be 24 months although the tunnel boring process itself is likely to take up to six months. Table 1 outlines the expected activities involved in construction of the tunnel and access shafts. It is understood that construction activities in relation to the shafts would occur during daytime working hours only (approximately 7:30am 6:00pm). The tunnelling works may operate continuously, 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. The construction support activities during the tunnel boring process are expected to run continuously and would involve stockpiling of material excavated at night for removal the following day at Point Erin Park. It should be noted that the noise and vibration from the tunnelling works is ground-borne and is expected to be most noticeable in the region around the tunnelling head or TBM. The peak noise and vibration will move with the TBM as the tunnelling progresses and as such individual properties would not be exposed to the peak levels for a prolonged period. Table 1 identifies the key noise and vibration sources for the project, and identifies potential components (airborne noise, ground borne noise, and vibration). Table 1 Summary of Expected Construction Activities Sites Activity Stage Proposed Equipment Components Airborne Noise Ground borne Noise Proposed operational hours Point Erin Park Establish site Truck movement x Daytime Access Shaft Excavation Petrol circular saw x Daytime Long reach excavator Vibrations x Daytime Distance from nearest residential receiver (m) 220 Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 12

14 Sites Activity Stage Proposed Equipment Curran Street & Sarsfield Street Trenching St Marys Road Park New / London Street Piling Tunnelling (pipejacking) towards St Marys Park Operation of pump station Trenching Sheet or secant piling rig Components Airborne Noise Ground borne Noise Vibrations Proposed operational hours x x x Daytime Concrete truck x Daytime Slurry Plant x 24 hours Mobile Crane x 24 hours 300 kva Generator x 24 hours Air compressor x Daytime Trucks x approximately 20 vehicle movements per day between Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) 2 x fans, water filtration pump, 2 x submersible pumps Trenching machine Wheeled excavator / loader x x x 24 hours Infrequent hours throughout the year x x Daytime Establish site Truck movement x Daytime Access Shaft Excavation Piling Tunnelling (pipejacking) towards New/ London Street shaft* Petrol circular saw x Daytime Long reach excavator Sheet or secant piling rig x Daytime x x x Daytime Concrete truck x Daytime Mobile Crane x Daytime kva Generator x Daytime Air compressor x Daytime Trucks x Daytime Tunnel Boring Machine x x 24 hours Establish site Truck movement x Daytime Petrol circular saw x Daytime Distance from nearest residential receiver (m) Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 13

15 Sites Activity Stage Proposed Equipment Access Shaft Excavation Long reach excavator Components Airborne Noise Ground borne Noise Vibrations Proposed operational hours x Daytime Distance from nearest residential receiver (m) Piling Sheet or secant piling rig x x x Daytime Concrete truck x Daytime Collection of TBM Mobile Crane x Daytime * Dependent on contractor s methodology Trucks x maximum 15 vehicle movements per day Operational noise and vibration The pump station will be a permanent installation at Point Erin park and includes several pumps and fans housed inside a permanent building. The pump station will be operational only when required for overflow conditions which are expected to be infrequent. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 14

16 4 Noise and Vibration Performance Standards Operational noise and construction noise and vibration associated with this project have been assessed against the relevant criteria as given in the Auckland Unitary Plan Operative in Part (AUPOIP) 1. This section presents the relevant legislative criteria, relevant standards, and guidelines associated with the noise and vibration impacts of the project. 4.1 Auckland Unitary Plan - Operative in Part Section E25 Noise and Vibration of the AUPOIP includes detailed noise level limits for each of the different zones of land use within Auckland. The storage pipeline is to be installed in St Marys Bay and the relevant zoning for this area is shown in Figure 3 (an extract of the Zone Map of the AUPOIP). The storage pipeline traverses the following zones: Residential Single House Zone Residential Terrace Housing and Apartment Building Zone Open Space Informal Recreation Zone Open Space Sport and Active Recreation Zone Strategic Transport Corridor Zone Storage Pipeline Alignment Figure 3 AUPOIP Zone Map of St Marys Bay area (reproduced from AUPOIP GeoMaps updated 29 September 2017) 1 Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 15

17 4.1.1 Construction Noise Construction noise and vibration for the project area is specified in sections E and E of the AUPOIP. The construction noise limits are specified in Table E of the AUPOIP. The relevant noise limits from this table for residential properties around the construction sites are presented in Table 2. The relevant noise limits for non-residential properties are presented in Table 3. AUPOIP E section 4 states: For a project involving a total duration of construction work that is more than 20 weeks the noise limits in Table E Construction noise levels for activities sensitive to noise in all zones except the Business City Centre Zone and the Business Metropolitan Zone and Table E construction noise levels for noise affecting any other activity above may be decreased by 5dB in all cases. For the majority of the proposed works, it is considered that the long-term noise limits given in Table 2 are appropriate as the duration of the construction is likely to be greater than 20 weeks. It is understood that shaft excavation works at London Street / New Street are predicted to last for a total of 9 weeks duration, and piling works for a total of 2 weeks duration. The AUPOIP allows for a limit of 75 db LAeq for construction noise during daytime hours ( ), provided the total duration of works does not exceed 20 consecutive weeks. As this element of project construction is predicted to last less than 20 weeks, a limit of 75 db LAeq is considered appropriate for shaft excavation at London Street / New Street. For the works at St Marys Road park, given the elevated traffic noise levels at the properties overlooking the site, it is considered that applying the short-term construction noise limits is appropriate and would be reasonable. Table 2 Construction noise limits for residential properties (reproduced from AUPOIP Table E ) Time of week Time Period Long-term noise limit (dba) Short-term noise limit (dba) Leq Lmax Leq Lmax Weekdays 6:30am 7:30am :30am 6:00pm :00pm 8:00pm :00pm 6:30am Saturdays 6:30am 7:30am :30am 6:00pm :00pm 8:00pm :00pm 6:30am Sundays and Public Holidays 6:30am 7:30am :30am 6:00pm :00pm 8:00pm :00pm 6:30am Table 3 Construction noise limits for any other activity (non-residential), (reproduced from Table E of AUPOIP with 5dB reduction) Time Period 7:30am 6:00pm 70 6:00pm 7:30am 75 Maximum noise level (Leq dba) Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 16

18 4.1.2 Construction Vibration Vibration caused by construction activities is addressed by section E of the AUPOIP. The relevant sections are copied below. Part 1 (a) relates to the control of adverse effects on buildings and part 1 (b) which is more stringent in part relates to the control of adverse effect on people. E Vibration 1) Construction and demolition activities must be controlled to ensure any resulting vibration does not exceed: a. The limits set out in German Industrial Standard DIN (1999): structural vibration Part 3 effects of vibration on structures when measured in accordance with that standard on any structure not on the same site; and b. The limits in Table E vibration limits in buildings in any axis when measured in the corner of the floor of the storey of interest for multi-storey buildings, or within 500mm of ground level at the foundation of a single storey building The vibration limits in Table E of the AUPOIP are reproduced in Table 4. Table 4 Vibration limits in buildings (replicated from AUPOIP Table E ) Receiver Period Peak Particle Velocity Limit millimetres/second Occupied activity sensitive to noise Night-time 10pm to 7am 0.3 mm/s Daytime 7am to 10pm 2 mm/s Other occupied buildings At all times 2 mm/s AUPOIP further states: Works generating vibration for three days or less between hours of 7am to 6pm may exceed the limits in Table E Vibration limits in buildings above, but must comply with a limit of 5mm/s peak particle velocity in any axis when measured in the corner of the floor of the storey of interest for multi storey buildings, or within 500mm of ground level at the foundation of a single storey building where: i. all occupied buildings within 50m of the extent of the works generating vibration are advised in writing no less than three days prior to the vibration-generating works commencing; and ii. the written advice must include details of the location of the works, the duration of the works, a phone number for complaints and the name of the site manager. DIN The AUPOIP references the vibration limits stated in DIN These limits are presented in Table 5. Table 5 Vibration guidelines for vibration on structures (replicated from Table 1 of DIN4150-3: ) Type of building Vibration level at the foundations in Peak Particle Velocity, PPV (mm/s) Short-term vibration Long-term vibration 1 Buildings used for commercial purposes, industrial buildings, and buildings of similar design Dwellings and buildings of similar design and/or occupancy 1 Hz to 10 Hz 10 Hz to 50 Hz 50 Hz to 100 Hz PPV at horizontal plane of highest floor PPV at horizontal plane of highest floor to to to to Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 17

19 Type of building Vibration level at the foundations in Peak Particle Velocity, PPV (mm/s) Structures that, because of their particular sensitivity to vibration, cannot be classified under lines 1 and 2 and are of great intrinsic value (e.g. listed buildings under preservation order) Short-term vibration Long-term vibration to 8 8 to DIN standard defines short-term vibration as vibration which does not occur often enough to cause structural fatigue and which does not produce resonance in the structure being evaluated. Long-term vibration is defined as all types of vibration not covered by the definition of short-term vibrations. The most relevant criteria in this standard appropriate for this project would be the long-term 2. No heritage buildings or buildings of commercial use have been identified above or nearby the tunnel route. It should be noted that DIN is a conservative standard. The criteria are designed to avoid cosmetic damage to buildings (e.g. cracking of plaster) and are well below the levels at which damage to building structures would typically occur. DIN 4150:3 states that: Experience has shown that if these values are complied with, damage that reduces the serviceability of the building will not occur. If damage nevertheless occurs, it is to be assumed that other causes are responsible. DIN 4150:3 also states that Exceeding the values above does not necessarily lead to damage. Should these values be significantly exceeded, however, further investigations are necessary. In practice, even cosmetic damage such as the forming of cracks does not always occur from typical construction activities below 15mm/s. The British Standard BS makes reference to data that suggests that the probability of damage tends towards zero at 12.5mm/s PPV and notes that this is not inconsistent with an extensive review of the case history information available in the UK Operational Noise The pump station is to be located at the north end of Point Erin Park. The AUPOIP maps show this area as being in a strategic transport corridor zone which is not subjected to any noise limits. The noise emissions are therefore governed by the noise limits at any adjacent zone with noise limits. These interfaces are covered by AUPOIP Section E for all other zone interfaces, which states: Except as provided for in standards E to E above, where noise generated by any activity on a site in one zone is received by any activity on a site in a different zone, the activity generating the noise must comply with the noise limits and standards of the zone at the receiving site. The applicable noise limits for the pump station are therefore: Coastal Marina Zone Open Space - Sport and Active Recreational Zone The noise limits at the bounding Open Space zone are presented in Table 6. These limits are applied at the boundary of the residential zones. Table 6 Noise limits at boundaries between Open Space Active Recreation Zone (replicated from Table E in AUPOIP) Time Monday to Saturday 7am - 10pm Noise Level 55dB LAeq Except that for a cumulative period of: 2 Note this term defines a property of vibration signal and is not related to construction time-frame. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 18

20 Time Noise Level (i) 3 hours per day between 7am and 9:30pm Monday to Friday; and (ii) 6 hours between 7am and 10pm on Saturdays the noise level must not exceed 60 db LAeq Sundays and Public Holidays 9am to 6pm outside the daylight saving period Sundays and Public Holidays 8am to 7pm during the daylight saving period All other times 55 db LAeq Except that for a cumulative period of 3 hours between 10am and 3pm on Sundays the noise level must not exceed 60 db LAeq 55 db LAeq Except that for a cumulative period of 3 hours between 10am and 3pm on Sundays the noise level must not exceed 60 db LAeq 40 db LAeq 55dB Leq at 63Hz 50 db Leq at 125 Hz 75 db LAFmax The noise limits listed in Table 7 are the relevant limits for noise from the pump station at the nearest coastal marina zone. Table 7 Noise limits for coastal marina zone (replicated from Table E in AUPOIP) Time All Times Coastal Marina Zone 60 db LAeq Activity Status Table E specifies that activities which comply with all the relevant permitted activity standards are permitted activities. Activities that do not comply with a permitted activity standard have a Restricted Discretionary status and need to be assessed against the matters of discretion and assessment criteria for restricted discretionary activities under that rule. Section E25.8. Assessment restricted discretionary activities of the AUP outlines the Assessment Criteria, and the relevant sections are copied below: ( ) Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 19

21 4.2 Other Relevant Standards and Guidelines Standards and assessment methodologies used in this assessment are outlined in this section NZS 6803:1999 Acoustics Construction Noise The AUPOIP references NZS 6803:1999 for all construction noise measurement and assessments. Noise from construction activities is typically governed by NZS 6803:1999 Acoustics Construction Noise. This standard provides construction noise limits that depend on the duration of the activity and the corresponding duration of exposure. It should be noted that the noise limits provided in NZS 6803:1999 differ by 5 db in some time periods from those presented in Table 2 due to the way that durations are accounted for in the AUPOIP. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 20

22 4.2.2 BS Code of practice for noise and vibration control on construction and open sites BS :2009 Part 1: Noise Guidance for evaluating and mitigating noise and vibration from construction sites is presented in British Standard BS :2009 (Part 1 - Noise) and BS :2009 (Part 2 - Vibration). This standard contains an extensive list of reference noise levels for a range of different equipment and methods for predicting noise emissions from construction sites. Reference noise levels used in this assessment are presented in Table 11. The previous version of this standard is referenced extensively throughout NZS 6803 as a method for predicting the noise levels from specific construction activities. The current version is considered appropriate. BS :2009 Part 2: Vibration BS provides guidance for evaluating and mitigating vibration from construction activities. This standard provides a set of equations for predicting the ground vibration due to a wide range of site activities. The criteria provided in this standard which utilise the measurement Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) are replicated in Table 8. The standard s guidance on effects of vibration levels based on human perception is replicated in Table 9. Table 8 Transient vibration guidelines for cosmetic damage (replicated from Table B.2 in BS :2009) Type of building Reinforced or framed structures Industrial and heavy commercial buildings Unreinforced or light framed structures Residential or light commercial buildings Vibration level at the foundations in Peak Particle Velocity, PPV 4 Hz to 15 Hz 15 Hz and above 50 mm/s at 4 Hz and above 50 mm/s at 4 Hz and above 15 mm/s at 4 Hz increasing to 20 mm/s at 15 Hz 20 mm/s at 4 Hz increasing to 50 mm/s at 15 Hz Table 9 Subjective evaluation of vibration (replicated from Table B.1 from BS :2009) Vibration level (component PPV) Effect 0.14 mm/s Vibration might be just perceptible in the most sensitive situations for vibration frequencies associated with construction and maintenance. At lower frequencies, people are less sensitive to vibration. 0.3 mm/s Vibration might just be perceptible in residential environments. 1.0 mm/s It is likely that vibration of this level in residential environments will cause complaint, but can be tolerated if prior warning and explanation has been given to residents mm/s Vibration is likely to be intolerable for any more than a very brief exposure to this level AS/NZS 2107:2016 Acoustics Recommended design sound levels and reverberation times for building interiors The proposed tunnelling will generate vibration and ground-borne noise 3 which has the potential to transmit into nearby receivers and generate internal noise. In the case of internally generated ground-borne noise, the noise limits as specified in NZS 6803 are not applicable. Given that noise from SH1 is audible in the project area, the AS/NZS 2107 internal noise levels for dwellings in inner city areas near major roads are considered appropriate for this project, as summarised in Table Ground-borne noise or regenerated noise is noise generated in a room due to vibrations transmitted in the structure of the building including walls, ceilings and floors. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 21

23 Table 10 AS/NZS 2107 Internal noise criteria for residential properties (reproduced from Table 1 Item 7 in AS/NZS 2107) Residential Buildings Internal noise criteria, db LAeq Houses and apartments in inner city areas or entertainment districts or near major roads Apartment common areas (e.g. foyer, lift lobby) 45 to 50 Living areas 35 to 45 Sleeping areas (night time) 35 to 40 Work areas 35 to 45 Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 22

24 5 Predicted Construction Noise and Vibration Levels The total duration of all construction works is expected to be approximately 24 months. It is expected that tunnelling works will start at the downstream end of the storage pipeline, from Point Erin Park through St Marys Road park and continue towards New Street. Final construction plans have not yet been developed, so this assessment is based on the Concept Design drawings which show that three shafts are to be constructed with an expected construction duration of approximately 3-4 months at each shaft site. The computational modelling has assumed all three shafts are constructed concurrently. Given the distance between the shaft sites and the screening provided by local topography, any cumulative noise and vibration effects are considered to be negligible. 5.1 Construction Noise Source Inventory Based on available information regarding the construction method, and Aurecon s experience of similar projects, appropriate equipment and sound power levels detailed in BS Annex C and Annex D have been used to model the proposed construction activities for the project. The individual items of construction equipment and their corresponding measured sound levels are shown in Table 11. Table 11 Equipment used for noise assessment Equipment A weighted Sound Pressure Level at 10m (db LAeq) Reference Excavator 76 BS C.2.5 Dump truck 78 BS C.4.2 Vibratory sheet pile rig 88 BS C.3.8 Bored rotary piling Rig 83 BS C.3.14 Stone column rig 80 BS C.3.27 Mobile generator 73 BS C.3.32 Vibratory roller 84 BS C.5.24 Truck with hiab 77 BS C.4.53 Tracked mobile crane 70 BS C.3.29 Concrete pump and mixer truck 75 BS C.4.28 Petrol powered circular saw 91 BS C.4.70 Air Compressor 72 BS D.7.26 Slurry Plant 68 BS C.4.88 Trenching machine 77 BS D Wheeled excavator / loader 82 BS D Prediction Methodology Construction and operational noise - airborne predications The airborne noise levels were evaluated using the SoundPlan noise modelling software, which implements ISO prediction methodology. The most important elements of this standard used in the report are calculated distance attenuations, screening and attenuation due to soft ground. Tunnelling works are not expected to be tonal or impulsive in nature, and are therefore considered to be appropriately represented by predictions specified in the db LAeq parameter. Receiver heights have been set to 1.5 metres. Where the model includes acoustic screening, a typical height of 2 metres has been assumed. The details of the SoundPlan modelling package used are presented in Table 12. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 23

25 Table 12 Noise modelling software Software SoundPlan Version 7.4 Environmental noise standard implemented ISO :1996 Construction - Ground borne noise and vibration predications Computational modelling of vibration levels has been conducted based on vibration logging data undertaken as part of a City Rail Link project 45, which involved similar construction processes and geological conditions. Based on the measured data, a set of conservative values was extracted based on peak vibration levels during the night-time period. Ground-borne noise levels were modelled based on BS The ground borne noise and vibration levels were evaluated using ARCGIS v geographical information modelling software, which implements local terrain data and spatial information with equations as detailed in Appendix A. Trenching As the trenching works are transient in nature, noise levels were considered in isolation and assessed separately using standard acoustic calculation methodology. 5.3 Airborne Sound Predictions Construction Noise Construction of underground tunnels results in noise via two paths; the airborne path and the ground-borne path. The airborne path is due to activities occurring in the open shafts and from any noise generating equipment situated at ground level. Airborne noise from the cutting head is attenuated once the cutting head is within the tunnel. Construction works were separated into four different activities and have been modelled as such: 1) Site establishment including trenching works; 2) Piling and other similar temporary works; 3) Excavation of shafts; 4) Tunnelling and / or Pipe Jacking, which includes supporting spoil movements, slurry extraction, and transportation of spoil. Site Establishment and Trenching Works The project includes the construction of a shielded trench along Curran Street and Sarsfield Street to connect with the proposed pump station. It is understood that the trenching works are transient in nature, and will progress along the trench route by approximately 5 metres per day. Worst-case noise levels at properties along Curran Street and Sarsfield Street are therefore likely to occur for a short period of 2-3 days at any one property, when trenching operations are taking place at their closest approach to the property. Noise levels from trenching operations have therefore been considered in isolation to other, longer duration, construction activities associated with the tunnel excavation and construction. It is understood that this work will involve the excavation of the trench using a tracked excavator, followed by the installation of pre-assembled walled trench sections. To ensure that noise levels do not exceed the 75 db LAeq criterion, localised noise mitigation measures will be required when trenching activities are taking place within 35 metres of residential properties on Curran Street and Sarsfield Street. This mitigation could take the form of a 4 Technical Advice Memorandum CRL C2 Construction Phase Services Date 30/06/2017, AECOM, Ref CRL-PAT-CST- CON-NTE Memorandum Pipejack regenerated noise and vibration monitoring Surf n Snow, Date 01/12/2016, AECOM, Ref CRL- PAT-CST-CON-NTE Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 24

26 suitable temporary acoustic screening, and should be positioned as close as practical to the works to adequately obscure noisy equipment from view at nearby properties. Temporary acoustic screening should be sufficiently mobile to enable its relocation alongside the trenching equipment on a daily basis as the works progress. It has been assumed in the computational modelling that the equipment listed for each activity will be operating simultaneously. As it is unlikely that all activities will occur simultaneously in practice, the predictions presented below are a potential worst-case scenario and actual on-site levels from construction activities are therefore likely to be lower than this. Piling Due to the proximity of dwellings to the New St / London St shaft, it is likely that rotary bored piling or similar methodology would be required. This methodology has been assumed in the modelling results. Local screening has been included in the noise model at St Marys Road park and at London St / New St. Excavation of Shafts and Tunnelling Noise contour maps showing a range of predicted noise levels are presented in Appendix B, and the results are summarised in the Table 13. The main construction site will be established at Point Erin Park. As part of the tunnel excavation works, spoil material and slurry will be extracted/transported and temporarily stored at Point Erin Park to enable continuous works. It is expected that night-time slurry extraction will take place at Point Erin Park only while the tunnelling continues towards London Street shaft via St Marys Road park. The supporting work described will contribute to the airborne noise, and has been considered to be operational 24 hours 7 days a week, in line with the proposed tunnelling operational hours. Rock excavation in the shafts will be necessary during later phases of shaft excavation. Noise and vibration from this activity will be attenuated by the shielding provided within the shaft, and by the distance between shafts and nearby properties. The CNVMP would assess the proposed methodology for rock excavation and suitable monitoring procedures. As discussed above, given the elevated road traffic noise levels at St Marys Park, it is considered appropriate to apply the short-term construction noise limits. The duration of works at New Street / London Street is expected to be less than 20 weeks at this location and therefore the short-duration limit of 75 db LAeq has been applied. Similarly, the trenching works on Curran Street and Sarsfield Street would last less than 20 weeks and the shortduration limit of 75 db LAeq has been applied. The current modelling results show that with appropriate mitigation and equipment selection, construction noise can generally comply with applicable noise limits. Temporary screening and other measures would be implemented as part of the CNVMP to mitigate noise levels. The results are summarised in the following Table 13. Table 13 Predicted airborne noise levels from construction activities Area of Works Activity Proposed time Predicted noise level at nearest dwelling, db LAeq Proposed noise limit, db LAeq Compliance with noise limit Point Erin Park Establish site Daytime ( ) Shaft excavation Daytime ( ) Piling Daytime ( ) <40 70 YES <40 70 YES <40 70 YES Tunnelling/pipe jacking 24 hours <40 40 YES Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 25

27 Area of Works Activity Proposed time Predicted noise level at nearest dwelling, db LAeq Proposed noise limit, db LAeq Compliance with noise limit Night-time supporting works Night-time ( ) <40 40 YES St Mary s Road Park Establish site Daytime ( ) Shaft excavation Daytime ( ) Piling Daytime ( ) YES YES YES Tunnelling/pipe jacking* Tunnelling/pipe jacking Night-time ( ) Daytime ( ) YES YES New Street/ London Street Curran Street/ Sarsfield Street Establish site Daytime ( ) Shaft excavation Daytime ( ) Piling Daytime ( ) Trenching Daytime ( ) YES YES YES YES *Only the TBM has been assumed to be operational during night-time hours. It is proposed that the noise level predictions for the above construction activities would be confirmed and updated during subsequent design phases. 5.4 Ground-borne Noise Predications Ground-borne noise is caused by ground vibration transmitting to building elements which then radiate noise. The actual internal noise level will be governed by the construction of the receiving property and by the layout of internal rooms. In addition, there may be a significant variance in the ground-borne noise throughout a building. It should be further noted that piling works could cause localised vibrations around the shaft site but tunnelling vibrations are localised around the TBM cutting head which will move as it progresses along the alignment. Ground-borne noise due to tunnelling works at properties is therefore dependant on the proximity of the properties to the TBM. Modelling shows that where the pipe jacking machine is closer than 18 metres slant distance from the building, internal noise levels may exceed 35 db LAeq. The modelling assumes no attenuation from building construction, and therefore represents a worst case internal noise level. Actual noise levels inside dwellings are likely to be lower. Predicted ground-borne noise contours are presented in Appendix C and the results are summarised in Table 14 below. There is no attenuation provided in the calculation for the reduction provided by the building structure. Based on the CRL results, internal noise levels are expected to be approximately decibels less than those in Table 14. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 26

28 Table 14 Predicted ground borne noise levels due to tunnelling Ground-borne noise Activity Proposed Time Predicted noise level at nearest dwelling, Leq dba Recommended noise level, Leq dba Compliance with recommended noise level Approximate number of properties with potential to exceed noise limit Tunnelling Day YES - Night for bedrooms NO 77 Table 14 shows a worst-case predicted internal noise level due to ground-borne noise of 56 db LAeq. As the TBM moves at a rate of approximately 10 metres per day, these noise levels are likely to be experienced for only a limited period of time, approximately 3-4 nights, at any one property. It is proposed that the possibility of residents experiencing elevated noise levels during the night-time period shall be managed with a comprehensive CNVMP, with appropriate liaison and advance notice given prior to works commencing. The contractor should ensure that all alternative methods of construction have been considered, with activities likely to produce higher noise and vibration emissions moved to daytime hours wherever possible. It is considered appropriate to apply this criteria in response to a complaint. 5.5 Vibration Predictions The key vibration sources for the proposed construction works are expected to be: Access shaft piling; Tunnelling installation of the storage pipeline; Trenching. Other construction machinery and activities such as trucks and excavators will produce some ground vibration, however prior experience has shown that vibration effects are most likely to arise from the activities listed above. The piling for the installation of access shafts will result in localised vibration levels around the access shaft sites. The tunnelling will cause vibrations that are localised around the TBM cutting head and therefore move as the project progresses. Preliminary vibration contours are presented in Appendix D and the results are summarised in Table 15 below. Table 15 Predicted vibration levels for construction works Vibration Activities Proposed Time Predicted vibration level at nearest dwelling, mm/s PPV AUPOIP noise limit, mm/s PPV Compliance with Noise limit Approximate number of properties exceeding vibration limit Tunnelling Day YES - Night NO 100 (1) Piling (2) Day YES - (1) These properties are within approximately 60m horizontal axis of the TBM cutting head alignment (2) Assuming rotary bored piling at London Street / New street location It is noted that tunnelling activities will commence at Point Erin Park which is a reasonable distance from the nearest dwelling. As such, monitoring of noise and vibration from tunnelling and construction activities can be made and modelling results updated to local conditions prior to equipment reaching noise sensitive properties. It is proposed to update the modelling results throughout the project to inform notification and management strategies. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 27

29 5.5.1 Pump station operations Given the size of the proposed pumps, and the distance to the nearest dwelling, ground borne vibration from the pumps is considered to be negligible. Project number File AP-RP[8.1] St Marys Bay - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 28

30 6 Predicted operational noise levels A pump station is proposed at Point Erin Park. At this point the pump station design has not been finalised. Aurecon has assessed the operational noise emissions from the pump station based on the concept design. It is Aurecon s understanding that the pump station is only operational periodically when required, which is approximated to be 50 to 100 hours per year on average. The pump station has been assessed against the more stringent night-time noise criteria. The following equipment are considered as part of the operation of the pump station. Sound power levels are based on available equipment data sheets and Aurecon professional experience: Table 16 Predicted operational noise sources Equipment Number of sources Sound power (dba) Notes 5.5kW Ventilation fans 2 77 dba Installed on the exterior of pump station 10kw Submersible pump 2 N/A Only one pump will operate at a time. Placed under water with concrete cover. Will not result in significant noise emissions. Mechanical screen motor 5kw 1 N/A Located under concrete cover. Will not result in significant noise emissions. RoK4 pump 1 95 dba* Adjacent to the pump station outside (included as a worst case, may not be in final design). *Estimated actual sound levels not available from manufacturer The 10kW submersible pumps and mechanical screen will both be housed underground within the pump station chamber, as such noise levels from these two sources are likely to be insignificant relative to the RoK4 pump and ventilation fans outside. Noise breakout from this equipment can be controlled by the design of the pump house. Therefore, it is considered appropriate to only consider the external noise sources included in the SoundPlan model at this stage. The closest receiver boundary from the pump station is the Point Erin Pools recreational centre approximately 40m to the south of the site. The nearest residential receiver boundary is approximately 195m south of the site, as shown in Figure 4. Project number File AP-RP[0.15] St Marys Bay Tunnel - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 29

31 Figure 4 Closest receivers to pump station Noise contour maps are presented in Appendix F. Predictions show noise levels from operation of the pump station can comply with the AUPOIP night-time criteria of 40 db LAeq at both recreational and residential boundaries with appropriate design and mitigation. Project number File AP-RP[0.15] St Marys Bay Tunnel - Noise and Vibration Assessment.docx, 26 April 2018 Revision 8 30