KEYSTONE KEYSTONE. Century Wall. Century Wall KEYSTONE. Century Wall. Century Wall. TIMELESS BEAUTY Experience Old-World Charm on a Grander Scale...

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1 TIMELESS BEAUTY Experience Old-World Charm on a Grander Scale...

2 keystone century wall Introducing Crafted specifically for taller wall structures and heavy-loading conditions, Keystone is distinctive in its old world charm. Offering the distinctive appearance and character of a random-pattern, natural stone wall, Century Wall has the structural integrity, performance and environmental friendliness of concrete. Three different-sized units not only give the wall the appearance of classic, hand-crafted stone, but also easily create visually stunning and heavy duty structures perfect for residential, commercial, industrial and institutional applications. Keystone is easy to install and uses the patented Keystone fiberglass pin connection method for added structural integrity and performance. The open-core design of each unit provides additional facial stability and interlocking capacity. Keystone offers the design freedom to create curves, 90 corners, battered and near-, terraces and more. Keystone is the ultimate beauty-andbrawn wall system. Offering old-world aesthetics while providing superior strength; Keystone brings design flexibility and beauty to any project. Features & Benefits Patented Pin System The Keystone uses high-strength fiberglass pins for shear resistance, alignment, and geogrid connection. Various Alignment Options All units (excluding caps have the option of a near set back. Character & Strength These rugged and random-sized high-strength concrete modules have the color and texture of natural stone. Larger unit dimensions are the appropriate scale for tall wall construction. Fiberglass Pins Keystone uses high-strength fiberglass pins with shouldered caps. Shoulder 90 Corner Units (left & right 5 - /4 (0mm total length - /4 (mm shoulder length / (mm diameter at pin shaft /4 (0mm diameter at shoulder ASTM short beam shear = 6,400 psi (44 kpa Corner units have both near and setback (8 setback positions. Corner units can be used as wall units with either the 6 or face exposed to add a larger percentage of longer units to the exposed face area composition. Corner units can be placed on end ( to create a 6 high jumper unit between ( 8 high wall courses. Some field adjustment may be required on the textured 90 end to rest squarely on the course below. Large Unit 9 lbs. (4 kg 8 h x d x 8 w* (00mm x 00mm x 450mm Medium Unit 58 lbs. (6 kg 8 h x d x w* (00mm x 00mm x 80mm Small Unit 7 lbs. (7 kg 8 h x d x 7 w* (00mm x 00mm x 80mm Note: Check with local representative for unit availability. 90 Corner Unit (two sides textured 78 lbs. (5 kg 8 h x d x 6 w* (00mm x 00mm x 400mm Corner units provided in left/right sets. features & benefits Cap Unit (two sides textured 0 lbs. (4 kg 4 h x d x 4 /8 w* (00mm x 00mm x 55mm/00mm *For over feet in height, soil reinforcement is generally necessary. A qualified engineer should be consulted for design and analysis of structures. Curves A. Common Radius (with unit tail extensions left in place = -6 B. Minimum Radius (with unit tail extensions removed on site = 4-6 Bottom view of large unit The 4" Keystone alf can be easily combined with 8" Keystone units for almost any application. The photograph above beautifully illustrates this design combination. Note: Keystone alf availability varies by region. Contact your local Keystone sales representative for more information. NOTE: Each individual unit or any series of units in random order will all build to the same common radius positions A or minimum radius B. Pin Receiving Channel * Product colors may vary from those shown in this brochure. Unit availability, dimensions, weight, and color may vary by region.

3 installation steps Installation Steps Prepare the Base Leveling Pad After selecting the location and length of the wall, excavate the base trench to the designed width and depth. Remove all surface vegetation and debris. Do not use this material as backfill. Start the leveling pad at the lowest elevation along wall alignment. Prepare the leveling pad base with 6 inches (400mm of well-compacted granular fill (gravel, road base, or /-inch to /4-inch (0-0mm crushed stone. At required elevation changes in the leveling pad, step up in 8-inch (00mm increments. Compact to 95% Standard Proctor or greater. Do not use PEA GRAVEL or SAND for leveling pad. Install the Base Course Install Drainage Fill, & Backfill In a random arrangement, place the first course of Keystone units end to end (with front corners touching on the prepared base. The surface of the unit with the long groove (receiving channel near the front face of the unit should be placed down and the open pin holes should face up, as shown. Make sure each unit is level - side to side and front to back. Leveling the first course is critical for accurate and acceptable results. For alignment of straight, use a string line positioned along the unit pin holes for accuracy. Minimum embedment of base course is 8" (00mm below grade. Typical embedment is /0 (eight/0. Install Additional Courses Insert the Fiberglass Pins Place the shouldered fiberglass pins into the appropriate holes to achieve the desired setback position of the Keystone units. Place pins in the front hole(s for near alignment. Place pins in the rear holes for an 8 setback per course. NOTE: The large unit has an optional pin hole to ensure small units above do not slip between pins. Capping the Wall Structural Features Patented Structural Pin Connection The Keystone patented pin system provides dependable strength where it s needed most. ighstrength fiberglass pins provide built-in alignment for the Keystone and ensure that each unit is securely interlocked within the wall face. In addition, this unique retaining wall system allows for a positive connection with geogrid soil reinforcement, securing its placement between units and allowing for proper tension and maximum efficiency of the geogrid. Product Design The Keystone unit design provides important features needed, but not always found in, a segmental retaining wall. The center core area of Keystone provides an open cell in which unit drainage fill is placed adding weight, facial stability and additional interlock for each wall module. This gravel fill provides a critical function as a drainage filter which helps alleviate hydrostatic pressure and assists in locking the geogrid within the wall face. The patented Keystone pin system allows for the options of near construction or an 8 batter/setback when aesthetics or structural requirements demand. structural features Once the pins have been installed, provide /-inch to /4-inch (0-0mm crushed stone drainage fill behind the units to a minimum distance behind the tail of foot (00mm. Fill all open spaces between units and open cavities/ cores with the same drainage material. Proceed to place backfill soil in maximum 8-inch (00mm layers and compact to 95% Standard Proctor with the appropriate compaction equipment. Note: Do not run heavy (ride-on compaction equipment within feet (m of back of wall. Do not use PEA GRAVEL or SAND for drainage fill. General Notes Place the next course of Keystone units over the fiberglass pins, fitting the pins into the long receiving channel recess in the units above. Push/pull the units toward the face of the wall until the channel makes full contact with the pins. Each course should be built in a random arrangement with the only rule of thumb being to avoid joint alignment. (i.e. stack bonding Clean off the last course of Keystone in preparation for the cap or coping to finalize the wall. With units dry and clean, use a construction adhesive, like Keystone Kapseal, for a mechanical bond. Install the Keystone capping unit, architectural precast concrete, or cut stone as a coping element. Cap may be flush or overhanging as required by aesthetics and design. Random Unit Placement The Keystone random-patterned appearance provides the look of hand-crafted, natural stone with the design and construction advantages found in the Keystone pin-connected retaining wall systems. Four different facing units 8 inches in height with varying widths from 7 inches to 8 inches are randomly placed within the structure, to give Keystone the character of natural stone. All Keystone units are inches deep providing the stability required for constructing taller wall structures. Verify unit type, size, weight availability by region. Unit depth (face to tail may vary up to inch + (5mm due to texture variations. Remove any excess concrete slag from pin holes and receiving channel as required to assemble wall. Durng manufacturing, some concrete crumbs may deposit in these areas and should be removed to allow pins to be placed in the appropriate holes and receiving channels. Cut or split units as required (with a mason saw, hydraulic break or chisel and hammer wherever units need to be altered to allow construction to be finalized. When cutting concrete units, always wear safety goggles, gloves, and filter mask per manufacturer s recommendations. For with slopes at the base of the wall, consult with a qualified professional engineer.. 4

4 beauty structural integrity character & Old-World Charm on a Grander Scale

5 design assumptions sand/gravel: φ=4, γ=0 (9kN/m Des i g n A s s u m p t i o n s Design Charts sand/gravel: φ=4, γ=0 (9kN/m The Keystone wall charts are graphically presented to show the proper location and lengths of geogrids used with Keystone units at the near and inch (5mm setback batter (8º. Design heights were set in two block increments beginning at 4. feet (.m and ending feet (.4m. Engineering judgement should be used when interpolating between heights. In general, geogrid should be placed at the design elevation for the entire wall length or until a wall step is reached. Minimum reinforcement lengths were set for 4 feet (.m minimum and a 70% reinforcement length to wall height ratio. Always use the same spacing of geogrid throughout the wall. Top layers of geogrid shall never be more than units from the top of the wall. Bottom layers of geogrid shall never be more than units from the top of the leveling pad. Insert a geogrid layer at these locations where unit courses are exceeded. 50 psf surcharge is applied 6 inches behind the tail of the units. Soil ranges were selected to approximate good, medium and poor soil conditions to concisely cover the typical design range. Wall height is the total height of the wall from the top of the leveling pad to top of wall. -Near -Near -Near -Near -Near -Near NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m ( kn/m All geogrid lengths shown are the actual lengths of geogrid required as measured from the connection pins to the end of the geogrid. The design/estimating charts assume that the are constructed in accordance with Keystone specifications and good construction practice. All soil zones (, retained, and foundation must be compacted in 8 inch (00mm lifts to 95% Standard Proctor density or 9% Modified Proctor Density as determined by laboratory testing. The information contained in the design/estimating charts are for preliminary design use only. A qualified professional should be consulted for final design assistance. Keystone accepts no liability for the improper use of these charts. = NOTES: Finished grade must provide positive drainage. The symbol 5 indicates location and length of geogrid measured from the pins to the end of the geogrid. (.7M (.M -" -" (.M (.M 4. = Unit drainage fill is ¾ inch (0mm clean crushed stone. (.M 4. -" -" MAX. EIGT MAX. EIGT BACKSLOPE TYPE Level 4:V :V :V SAND/GRAVEL.0 (0.9m. (0.7m. (0.7m. (0.7m SILTY SAND. (0.7m. (0.7m.67 (0.5m SILT/LEAN CLAY. (0.7m.67 (0.5m.67 (0.5m TYPE Level 4:V :V :V SAND/GRAVEL.67 (.0m.00 (0.9m.00 (0.9m.00 (0.9m.67 (0.5m SILTY SAND.00 (0.9m.00 (0.9m.00 (0.9m. (0.7m <.00' (0.0m SILT/LEAN CLAY.00 (0.9m. (0.7m. (0.7m <.00' (0.0m 50 PSF SURCARGE CENTURY WALL FINISED GRADE BACKSLOPE OR SURCARGE SETBACK/BATTER CENTURY WALL CAP FINISED GRADE TED FILL AS REQUIRED RETAINED WALL EIGT GEOSYNTETIC REINFORCEMENT UNIT DRAINAGE FILL EMBEDMENT EMBEDMENT LEVELING PAD DRAINAGE COLLECTION PIPE (IF REQUIRED = (.7M UNIT DRAINAGE FILL DRAINAGE COLLECTION PIPE (IF REQUIRED LEVELING PAD LIMIT OF EXCAVATION LIMIT OF EXCAVATION 7 RETAINED WALL EIGT ( kn/m = (.4M.0 (.0M.0 (.4M (.0M 8..0 (.4M (.0M near (.0M 8. -(.0 (.4M.0 (.4M (.0M (.0M.0 (.4M (.4M.0 setback =4, =0 BACKSLOPE OR SURCARGE.0 (.4M 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE 50 PSF SURCARGE LOW PERMEABILITY LOW PERMEABILITY = ( kn/m ( 50 kn/m PSF SURCARGE CAP UNIT ( kn/m PSF SURCARGE (50 kn/m Wall Schematic SETBACK/BATTER Gravity Wall Schematic NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE =4, = (near =4, =4, =0 =0 -" BACKSLOPE =4, =0 =4, =0 -" Option NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE Near Option Geogrids must be of appropriate type and length per the design. Subsurface soils must be capable of supporting wall system. Leveling pad is crushed stone base material. All backfill materials are compacted to 95% Standard Proctor density or 9% Modified Proctor density. (.M 4. (.M (.7M 50 PSF SURCARGE 50 PSF SURCARGE Synteen SF5 by Synteen Miragrid XT by TC Mirafi Stratagrid 00 by Strata Systems 55/0-0 by uesker Inc. Minimum wall embedment is 6 inches (50mm or eight/0, whichever is greater for level toe. 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE = ( kn/m ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE Wall eight ( is the total height from top to bottom. =4, =0 =4, =0 =4, =0 =4, =0 NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE The charts use Rankine earth pressure for calculations. The following charts assume the use of a coated polyester geogrid with a minimum allowable design strength of: LTDS=875 plf (7.4 kn/m Tal=50plf (8. kn/m. The following geogrid types are suitable with these design charts: =4, =0 =0 =4, - (near -8. (8 + setback (.0M (.0M 8. - (8 + setback (.0M.0 (.4M.0 (.4M.0 (.4M The information provided herein is for preliminary design use only. A qualified engineer should be consulted for design and analysis of structures. Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC assumes no liability for the improper use of this information. 8

6 silty sand : φ=0, γ=0 (9kN/m silty sand : φ=0, γ=0 (9kN/m -Near -Near SiltySilty =0, =0 =0, =0 -Near NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE ( kn/m ( kn/m PSF 50 SURCARGE 50 PSF SURCARGE = (.M (.M ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE (.0M (.0M (.4M.0.0 (.4M 4. (.7M (.M (.M 8. = 4. (.M 8. setback (.0M = = ( kn/m Soilpsf Zone 50 Surcharge( kn/m.0 (.4M 50 psf Surcharge The information provided herein is for preliminary design use only. A qualified engineer should be consulted for design and analysis of structures. Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC assumes no liability for the improper use of this information. = SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND S AND SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND - Clay: (8 Clay: + setback =0 =6, =6, =0 Clay: =0 Clay:=6, =6, =0 (.7M (.M (.M (.M Clay: =6, =0 Clay: =6, =0 = ( kn/m 50 psf Surcharge 50 psf Surcharge ( kn/m S AND 8. ( kn/m 50 psf Surcharge ( kn/m 50 psf Surcharge -" -( SOULD -" SOULD S AND - (near DESIGN FOR -" -" (.0M (.0M -" -" 8. = SOULD DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND S AND SOULD DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND 8. S AND 8..0 (.4M 8. setback 8..0 (.4M (.4M (.7M 8. (.0M.0 =.0 (.4M (.4M.0 (.4M.0 Silty =0, =0 (.M (.M near 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m (.4M.0 50 PSF SURCARGE Silty =0, =0 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE (.4M.0 (.4M.0 (.M Clay: =6, =0 (.7M ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE( kn/m = NO SURCARGE Silty =0, =0, =0 Silty setback=0 NO SURCARGE -Near NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE SiltySilty =0, =0 =0, =0 Clay: =6, =0 Clay: =6, =0 Clay: =6, =0 NO SURCARGE -Near -Near -Near -8. (near (.0M 8. (.0M (.0M (.0M ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE 8. Clay: =6, =0 =0 - (near Clay: =6, NO SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 SURCARGE ( PSF kn/m PSF SURCARGE 50 NO SURCARGE ( kn/m ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE 50 PSF SURCARGE (.M (.7M NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE -8. (near (.0M -" = -" NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE (.0M -" -" NO SURCARGE (.M (.M -" -" (.7M = 4. (.M (.7M (.M (.M 4. (.M PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE ( kn/m (.7M ( kn/m ( kn/m 50 PSF SURCARGE 50 PSF SURCARGE = Silty =0, =0 Silty =0, =0 -Near -Near -Near SiltySilty =0, =0 - (near =0 =0, NO SURCARGE NO SURCARGE silt/lean clay: φ=6, γ=0 (9kN/m -Near -Near silt/lean clay: φ=6, γ=0 (9kN/m Design Charts Des i g n C h a r t s - 8. (8 + setback (.0M SOULD DESIGN FOR(.4M (.0M.0 SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND S AND (.0M SOULD DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND S AND.0.0 (.4M (.4M SOULD DESIGN FOR SOULD DESIGN FOR S AND S AND.0 (.4M DESIGN FOR SOULD SOULD DESIGN FOR setback 8. S AND S AND 8. SOULD DESIGN FOR FOR SOULD DESIGN S S AND AND (.4M 8. (.4M DESIGNFOR FOR SOULD SOULD DESIGN 8. S SAND AND 0 (.M (.M (.0M.0.0 (.4M (.4M The information provided herein is for preliminary design use only. A qualified engineer should be consulted for design and analysis of structures. Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC assumes no liability for the improper use of this information.

7 d i s t r i b u t e d by: w w w. k e y s t o n e w a l l s. c o m Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC reserves the right to improve its products and make changes to its specification and design without notice. The information contained herein has been compiled by Keystone and to the best of our knowledge, accurately represents the Keystone product and how it may be used in the applications which are illustrated. Site conditions, including load pressures acting on the wall, soil types and drainage conditions, may vary. Final determination of the suitability of the product for the use contemplated and the manner of product use are the sole responsibility of the user. Good construction practices and local building codes require the use of an engineered design when constructing retaining or freestanding in many conditions. Structural design and analysis should be provided by a qualified engineer. 0 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems LLC A Contech Company 4444 West 78th Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 5545 tel fax