ISSN Vol.04,Issue.19, December-2016, Pages:

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1 ISSN Vol.04,Issue.19, December-2016, Pages: Comparision of GGBS Blended Cement Concretes in M40 Grade with OPC53&OPC53S Cement K. NAOMI NISCHALA 1, M. BALARAJU NAYAK 2 1 PG Scholar, Dept of Civil Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, AP, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, Nova College of Engineering and Technology, AP, India. Abstract: Growing industrial waste have discovered the need to disposal of industrial waste, The waste that have to be disposed can be kept to use in some manner, among the industrial waste processing cementations nature can be replaced as binder matter in concrete to apart. A large volume of production of cement leads to emission of many harm full gases like green house gases in atmosphere, which are tends for global warming. Hence, the researchers are currently focused on waste material having cementing properties, which can be added as partial replacement of cement which reduces cement production then the green house gases emission is also reduced, to sustain-able management of the industrial waste, Some of the Pozzolanic materials like flay ash, Silica fume, Rice Husk ash, Metakoline, Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag (GGBS) are used as cementations materials. Among them the Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag,(GGBS) which is the waste from, of iron manufacturing industry, which may be used as substitute of cement in concrete due to its inherent cementing properties. To increase the strength of the concrete some of the special cements are used. Among that OPC 53 S special cement is used in the construction of railway sleepers which gives more compressive strength compared to OPC cements.this special cements is finer than ordinary cements. Experimental studies are conducted on M40 grade concrete prepared with 53 Grade ordinary Portland and special cement. and replacement cement with Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag (GGBS). The investigation on compressive strength of the concrete at different ages such as, 14, 28,56 and 90.are observed when the Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag (GGBS) is replaced 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, in the place of both OPC 53 &OPC 53S cement. The results showed that the optimum dosage of GGBS when it is replaced at 30 % at 28 compressive strength of concrete. OPC 53 Grade special cement is selected for the purpose of attaining high early strength of concrete. The GGBS is obtained from steel plant in Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh State. Keywords: Ground Granulated Blast Furnace, Controlled Concrete. I. INTRODUCTION Concrete, the second mostly used engineering material in the world after water and addition of some other materials may change the concrete properties. But providing a greener concrete is the main aspects in now a. To produce a greenery concrete the materials which having high carbon credits should be used. Where it is noticed that for the production of 1 ton of cement nearly an equal amount of CO 2 gas is emitted to the atmosphere. Which leads to emission of many harm full gases like greenhouse gases in atmosphere, which are tends for global warming.hence, the researchers are currently focused on waste material having cementing properties, which can be added as partial replacement of cement which reduces cement production then the green house gases emission is also reduced.it is discovered that the industrial waste processing cementations nature it can be replaced as binder matter in concrete and it also increase the durability of the concrete.. Where apart The waste that have to be disposed can be kept to use in some manner,toa sustainable management of the industrial waste, Some of the Pozzolanic materials like flay ash, Silica fume, Rice Husk ash, Metakoline, Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag (GGBS) are the industrial waste material which can be used as replaced material for cement, fine aggregate. Among them the Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag,(GGBS) which is the waste from, of iron manufacturing industry, which may be used as substitute of cement in concrete due to its inherent cementing properties. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is the obtained as a slag form the blast furnace in a form granulates this granulates are further cooled and grounded into a fine powder form which is named as Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag. where its chemical composition is nearly similar to the cement. The use of GGBS in high strength concrete is a new dimension in concrete mix design. Which produce a greenery concrete and also increase the strength, durability of the concrete.the special cements of 53 grade are used to attain the early age strength of the concrete. The fineness of OPC 53S is very higher when compared with the ordinary cement. The special cements are used in the construction of railway sleepers. II. LITERATURE REVIEW A. S. Arivalagan- This research work is an extinguished to develop a greenery concrete by using several industrial waste material In this report the M 35 mix design is used the GGBS replacement level is up to 40 % cement replacement, the maximum strength was obtained at the 20 % replacement at 2016 IJIT. All rights reserved.

2 the age of 28.In this report the split tensile and flexure strength are also discussed at the replacement level of up to 40 % replacement and mechanical properties are compared with normal plain concrete. B. Sonali k. Gadpalliwar, R.S. Deotale, Abhijeet R.Narde. (2014) In this report for M 40 mix design the mechanical properties are compared by adding quarry dust and GGBS.They concluded that the compressive strength increasers with percentage increase of quarry sand for certain limit.by the replacing the cement with GGBS the strength decreases and the workability increases They concluded that the maximum flexure strength is obtained at the 30 % replacement of GGBS with cement.they also concluded that the maximum split tensile strength is obtained at the 20 % replacement level of GGBS with cement. K. NAOMI NISCHALA, M. BALARAJU NAYAK Fck = Specified Characteristic Compressive Strength of concrete= 40 N/mm 2 S = Standard deviation = 5 Target Mean Strength, Fck = Fck+1.65*S = *5= N/mm 2 1. Step-1 Choice of slump Height of Slump is considered as 100 mm. 2. Step-2 Choice of maximum size of aggregate The maximum size of Coarse aggregate is considered as 20 mm 3. Step-3 Estimation of mixing water quantity From table - 2 of IS , maximum water content for 20mm aggregate = 186 liters (for 25 to 50 mm slump) Estimated water content for 100 mm slump = 19 liters. B. Vinayak Awasare, Prof. M. V. Nagendra In this paper they have studied on the GGBS Blended cement concretes for M 20 mix design the compressive strength and flexure strength are determined with addition n of 20,30,50.% of GGBS with OPC 53 grade cement.and they by concluded that the ordinary cement concrete prepared by OPC cement and natural sand of M20 grade. The compressive strength of maximum achieved is Mpa at 30% of GGBS replacement and achieved for 20, 40, and 50% of concrete is 31.11Mpa, 30.Mpa and 2.4Mpa respectively as compare to Mpa of strength of plain cement concrete for 28.The flexural strength achieved are 3.1 Mpa, 3.62 Mpa, 3.8 Mpa, 3.55Mpa and Mpa at 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% for GGBS concrete respectively for M20 grade concrete of OPC cement and natural sand. this report shows that tensile strength also give good performance for 20 %, 30%, and 40% replacement which is more than normal plain concrete. III. MATERIALS USED The following materials were used for preparing the test specimens Ordinary Portland special cement (OPC-53s) Ordinary Portland cement(opc 53) Aggregates (20mm & 10mm down) Sand (zone III-Natural River Sand) Ground Granulated Blast Furnaces Slag (GGBS) Portable water IV. DESIGN PROCEDURE The IS Recommended Practice for Selecting Proportions for Concrete. M40 Design Procedure: Design Stipulations Grade of concrete: M40 Size of aggregate: 20 mm & 10mm Degree of quality control: good Type of exposure: severe Grade of Cement: 53 grade ordinary Portland special cement A. Target Mean Strength Fck = Target Mean Strength 4. Step-4 Selection of water/cement ratio Step-5 Calculation of Cement contentwater/cement ratio = 0.45 Water content = 19 Kg/m3 Cement content = 19 / 0.45 = 43. kg 6. Step-6 Estimation of coarse and fine aggregate content Form table-3 of IS Volume of fine aggregate by considering coarse aggregate size 20mm and water cement ratio The volume of coarse aggregate = 0.64 Considering the corrections the volume of the coarse aggregate is = Volume of fine aggregate = Step- Volume based calculations Volume of concrete = 1m 3 Volume of Cement = 0.138m 3 Volume of water = 0.19 m 3 Volume of all in aggregate = 0.65 m 3 Mass of coarse aggregate = 114 kg. Mass of fine aggregate B. proportions for 1 meter cube Cement = 43 kg/m 3 Fine aggregate = 584 kg/m 3 Coarse aggregate = 114 kg/m 3 Water = 19 lt/m 3 1. Final Proportions- C : F.A : C.A 1 : 1.3 : 2. TABLE I. Proportions for 1m 3 Concrete Cement GGBS Fine Kg/m 3 Kg/m 3 aggregate designation Coarse aggregate Kg/m 3 Kg/m 3 G G G G G Volume.04, Issue No.19, December-2016, Pages:

3 Compressive strength in compressive strength in Compressive strength in Comparision of GGBS Blended Cement Concretes in M40 Grade with OPC53&OPC53S Cement Note: G 0 means bottom ash 0% and cement 100%. Graphs : compressive strength of GGBS blended cement of M40 grade of concrete with OPC 53of TABLE II. Proportions for 1m 3 Concrete. Cement GGBS Fine Coarse designation Kg/m 3 Kg/m 3 aggregate aggregate Kg/m 3 Kg/m 3 GS GS GS GS GS V. EXPERIMENTAL TEST RESULTS All cubes are casted 150 cm X 150 cm X 150 cm. Concrete used in this study were M40 grade with GGBS is used as practical replacement of cement of both OPC 53 and OPC 53S 0 to 40 % percentage as binder used was Nagarjuna cement OPC-53S and OPC 53 fine aggregate and course aggregate was locally available granite stone sieved to 10mm and 20mm of 40% and 60% respectively. The concrete mix proportions for the cement, fine and coarse aggregate were 1:1.3:2.respectively and W/C ratio was 0.45 by weight. The specimens are cured and tested at, 14, 28,56 and 90. The cubes are casted for both OPC 53 and OPC 53 S cements for the considered mix proportion. TABLE III. Compressive Strength of Concrete with OPC53 desig natio n Average Compressive-strength G G G G G Note : Go means the mix with 0 % replacement of GGBS with OPC 53,G 10 represents the mix with 10 % replacement of GGBS with OPC 53 in the same way in G 20, G30, G40. % of Replacment of cement with GGBS Fig.1. Compressive Strength of G0 to G 40 for 56 Days and 90 Days of OPC 53 compressive strength of GGBS blended cement concretes specimens at different ages of M 40 garde of concretes made with OPC 53 % of Replacement of cement with GGBS Fig.2. Compressive Strength of G0 to G 40 for 56 Days and 90 Days of OPC 53 S. TABLE IV. Compressive Strength of Concrete with OPC 53-SCement desig natio n Average Compressive-strength day s 90 GS GS GS GS GS Note: GS0 means GGBS 0% and OPC 53S cement 100% and where GS10 is the 10 % of GGBS and 90% of OPC 53 S cement. Volume.04, Issue No.19, November-2016, Pages: % of Replacment of cement with GGBS Fig.3. Compressive Strength of G0 to G 40 for 56 Days and 90 Days of OPC 53.

4 Compressive strength in compressive strength of GGBS blended cement concretes specimens at different ages of M 40 garde of concretes made with OPC 53 S % of Replacmenmt of cement with GGBS Fig.4. TABLE V. Slump Values of OPC 53 Slump values of OPC designations 53 in mm G0 0 G10 0 G20 68 G30 68 G40 65 Note : Go means the mix with 0 % replacement of GGBS with OPC 53,G 10 represents the mix with 10 % replacement of GGBS with OPC 53 in the same way in G 20, G30, G40. TABLE VI. Slump Values of OPC 53 Slump values of designations OPC 53 in mm GS0 0 GS10 68 GS GS GS G S0 represents the 0% replacement of GGBS with OPC 53 S, GS 10 represents the mix with 10% replacement of GGBS with OPC 53 S cements in the same way the GS 20, GS30, GS40. Gives the replacements levels of GGBS with 20, 30, 40 % replacements. A. Workability Fig.5. Graphs: slump values of OPC 53&OPC 53S K. NAOMI NISCHALA, M. BALARAJU NAYAK OPC 53S OPC 53 Volume.04, Issue No.19, December-2016, Pages: VI. CONCLUSION Early strength is compared with GGBS blended cement concrete is slightly lower than conventional aggregate concrete. The compressive strength result of GGBBS blended cement concrete when replaced up to 30 % is more than conventional aggregate concrete at the end of 28 for normal curing The degree of workability is normal in GGBS cement concrete up to 40 % level of replacement. An increase of around 2.3 %, 28.8%, 33.3% compressive strength for GGBS blended cement concrete when replaced with 30% of OPC 53 cement at the of 28, normal curing. An increase of around 1.4 %, 31.2%, and 32% of compressive strength is observed for GGBS blended cement concrete when replaced with 30% of OPC 53S cements at the age of 28, 56, 90. GGBS is used as an partial replacement of cement. The increasing of compressive strength of concrete for conventional concrete and blended cement concrete for both OPC 53&OPC 53S is very high at the age of 56. VII. REFERENCES [1]Arivalagan.s ( 2014) sustainable studies on concretes with GGBS as a replacement material in cement Jordan journal of civil engineering, volume 8, NO.3, 2014 [2]SuvarnaLatha.k, SeshagiriRao. M, Srinivasa Reddy.V.( 2012) Estimation of GGBS and HVFA Strength Efficiencies in concrete with Age. International Journal of engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: , Volume 2, Issue-2, December [3]Sonail.K, G adpalliwar,s. Deotale.R, Abhijeet.R, Narde. To study the partial replacement of cement by GGBS & RHA and Natural sand by Quarry Sand in concrete IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR- JMCE) e- ISSN: ,P-ISSN: X, Volume 11, Issue 2 Ver ii( Mar- ar ) pp 69- [4]VenuMalagavelli high performances concrete with GGBS and ROBO sand International journal of engineering science and technology vol.2 (10), 2010, [5]Mahesh Patel Prof. P. S. Rao T. N. Patel Experimental investigationonstrengthof high performances concrete with GGBS and Crusher sand. [6]TAMILARASAN.V.S. Workability studies on concrete with GGBS as a replacement material for cement with and without superplasticiser International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN (Print), ISSN (Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), IAEME. []As per specification for granulated slag for the manufacture of Portland slag cement. (IS: ). [8]The percentage replacement of cement as per IS 455:1989 (25-65%cement replacement). [9]Indian standard code book for chemical requirements of GGBS (as per IS: 44032) [10]Indian standard code book for the speciation s of Admixtures specifications as per IS:9031

5 Comparision of GGBS Blended Cement Concretes in M40 Grade with OPC53&OPC53S Cement [11]As per IS 4031 for physical tests on slag cement (fineness part2, soundness part3, setting time part5, compressive strength part6). [12]Fukunaga, Y."Renewal Construction of Okubi River Bridge in the OkinawaExpressway using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag" Concrete Journal, Vol.4,No.2, pp [13]Ishida, Y. et al. (2000). "Design and Construction of PC Bridge using Ground GranulatedBlast Furnace Slag - Tawarayama No.4 Bridge, Kumamoto-Takamori Route - "Prestressed Concrete, Vol.42, No.3, pp [14]Japan Society of Civil Engineers. (200) "Standard Specifications for Concrete Structures -200, Design" (in Japanese) [15]Luo, R. et al. (2003). "Study of chloride binding and diffusion in GGBS concrete" Cement Concrete.Res., 33, pp.1- [16]Ramezanianpour, A. A. and Malhotra, V. M. (1995) "Effect of curing on the compressivestrength, resistance to chloride-ion penetration and porosity of concretesin corporationslag, fly ash or silica fume" Cem. Concrete. Compos., 1, pp [1]Indian standard RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR CONCRETE MIXDESIGN (IS: ). Volume.04, Issue No.19, November-2016, Pages: