General Concepts in Textile Testing. Copyright 2018, American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists

Transcription

1 General Concepts in Textile Testing

2 Selecting a Test Method What do you want to measure? Material property Performance property Why do you want to measure? Comparison/selection Approval/QC Compliance

3 ISO International Organization for Standardization Multiple industries Globally recognized Adopted from various national and international standards Methods and specifications

4 ASTM International Standards for many industries, including textiles Test methods, specifications, terminology, etc. Physical properties (e.g., tensile strength, abrasion resistance) Precision & bias statements

5 AATCC American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Textiles focus Technical staff No pass/fail criteria Precision & bias statements

6 AATCC Standards Biological Properties Carpet Colorfastness Dyeing Properties Electronically-integrated Textiles Evaluation Procedures Identification & Analysis Laundering & Drycleaning Moisture Management Water & Weather Resistance Wet Processing Properties

7 Standards Development Paths ISO 1 vote per country Volunteer participants Majority rules Strict timelines Reviewed regularly Meet every 2 years Some working groups more often Online communication between live meetings AATCC/ASTM 1 vote per expert Open membership Volunteer participants All negatives addressed Reviewed regularly Meet every 6 months Online communication between live meetings Precision study required

8 Other Standards Organizations Regional/National CEN, CENELEC (Europe) ANSI (US) BSI (Great Britain) DIN (Germany) JIS (Japan) SAC (China) Related Industries ASME (mechanical) IEEE (electrical) TAPPI (paper)

9 Standardized Test Methods Apples to apples Widely recognized Unbiased Collaborative, consensus documents Verified precision Updated regularly

10 Simple Reproducible Applicable Inexpensive Quick Test Method Ideals

11 Internal Contract Academic Government Testing Labs

12 AATCC Standard Designation TM TM: Test Method EP: Evaluation Procedure M: Monograph 2014: last year revised or reaffirmed

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14 ASTM Standard Designation ASTM D3512/D3512M-10 (2014) D: miscellaneous materials M: metric units are standard 10: last revised in 2010 (2014): reapproved with no changes in 2014 ASTM D (2012) ε1 ε1: One editorial change since last approval

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16 ASTM D Conditioning Table 1, Textiles, general 21 ±2 C (70 ±4 F) 65 ±5% relative humidity Table hours minimum

17 Conditioning Time Fiber Regain (%) Polyester 0.4 Acrylic 1.5 Nylon 4.0 Acetate 6.0 Cotton 8.5 Rayon 11.0 Silk 11.0 Linen (Flax) 12.4 Wool 16.0

18 Conditioning Time Times in Table 2 are approximate Table 2 based on single thickness Heavy fabrics may require longer periods Base time on component with longest recommended period (e.g., 8 h for blends containing wool)

19 Moisture Equilibrium 0.2% change over 2 h Time Mass (g) % change Conditioned 12:00 PM N/A? 2:00 PM % 4:00 PM %

20 Conditioning Single layer (when possible) No tension Air circulation through and around specimens All relevant materials All relevant stages

21 Specimens Spread across length and width of fabric Avoid selvage, cut edges, seams, defects More specimens, larger size, wider distribution is generally better

22 Mark face Specimens Mark length/warp/course/machine direction

23 Report Method version/option/section performed Deviations from standard method Units Relevant observations (e.g., failure mode) Standard deviation or individual specimen results

24 Questions? Diana Wyman Technical Director, AATCC