Germplasm Table of Contents DIVISION 15 - MECHANICAL

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1 Germplasm Table of Contents DIVISION 15 - MECHANICAL BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES MOTORS HANGERS AND SUPPORTS MECHANICAL VIBRATION CONTROLS MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION MECHANICAL INSULATION DOMESTIC WATER PIPING DOMESTIC WATER PIPING SPECIALTIES SANITARY WASTE AND VENT PIPING DRAINAGE PIPING SPECIALTIES STORM DRAINAGE PIPING REFRIGERANT PIPING PLUMBING FIXTURES DRINKING FOUNTAINS AND WATER COOLERS PLUMBING SPECIALTIES ELECTRIC WATER HEATERS CONDENSING UNITS MODULAR INDOOR AIR-HANDLING UNITS SPLIT-SYSTEM AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS AIR COILS METAL DUCTS DUCT ACCESSORIES POWER VENTILATORS DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS, AND GRILLES HVAC INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING DIVISION 16 - ELECTRICAL BASIC ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS COMMON WORK RESULTS FOR ELECTRICAL COMMON WORK RESULTS FOR COMMUNICATIONS GROUNDING AND BONDING HANGERS AND SUPPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION CONDUCTORS AND CABLES RACEWAYS AND BOXES LIGHTING CONTROLS WIRING DEVICES LIGHTING CONTROL DEVICES PACKAGED ENGINE GENERATOR TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SUPPRESSION ENCLOSED SWITCHES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS TRANSFER SWITCHES ENCLOSED CONTROLLERS PANELBOARDS FUSES TABLE OF CONTENTS - 1

2 16511 INTERIOR LIGHTING LIGHTNING PROTECTION DIGITAL, ADDRESSABLE FIRE-ALARM SYSTEM DIVISION 17 COMMUNICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY DIVISION 17 TECHNOLOGY GENERAL PROVISIONS PATHWAYS AND SPACES FOR STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM BONDING FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS TABLE OF CONTENTS - 2

3 SECTION BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SUMMARY A. This Section includes the following: 1. Piping materials and installation instructions common to most piping systems. 2. Dielectric fittings. 3. Mechanical sleeve seals. 4. Sleeves. 5. Escutcheons. 6. Grout. 7. Mechanical demolition. 8. Equipment installation requirements common to equipment sections. 9. Concrete bases. 10. Supports and anchorages. 1.2 DEFINITIONS A. Finished Spaces: Spaces other than mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, furred spaces, pipe and duct shafts, unheated spaces immediately below roof, spaces above ceilings, unexcavated spaces, crawlspaces, and tunnels. B. Exposed, Interior Installations: Exposed to view indoors. Examples include finished occupied spaces and mechanical equipment rooms. C. Exposed, Exterior Installations: Exposed to view outdoors or subject to outdoor ambient temperatures and weather conditions. Examples include rooftop locations. D. Concealed, Interior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from physical contact by building occupants. Examples include above ceilings and in duct shafts. E. Concealed, Exterior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from weather conditions and physical contact by building occupants but subject to outdoor ambient temperatures. Examples include installations within unheated shelters. 1.3 SUBMITTALS A. Welding certificates. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

4 1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Steel Support Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to AWS D1.1, "Structural Welding Code-Steel." B. Steel Pipe Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications." 1. Comply with provisions in ASME B31 Series, "Code for Pressure Piping." 2. Certify that each welder has passed AWS qualification tests for welding processes involved and that certification is current. C. Electrical Characteristics for Mechanical Equipment: Equipment of higher electrical characteristics may be furnished provided such proposed equipment is approved in writing and connecting electrical services, circuit breakers, and conduit sizes are appropriately modified. If minimum energy ratings or efficiencies are specified, equipment shall comply with requirements. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 PIPE, TUBE, AND FITTINGS A. Refer to individual Division 15 piping Sections for pipe, tube, and fitting materials and joining methods. B. Pipe Threads: ASME B for factory-threaded pipe and pipe fittings. 2.2 JOINING MATERIALS A. Refer to individual Division 15 piping Sections for special joining materials not listed below. B. Pipe-Flange Gasket Materials: ASME B16.21, nonmetallic, flat, asbestos-free, 1/8-inch maximum thickness unless thickness or specific material is indicated. C. Plastic, Pipe-Flange Gasket, Bolts, and Nuts: Type and material recommended by piping system manufacturer, unless otherwise indicated. D. Solder Filler Metals: ASTM B 32, lead-free alloys. Include water-flushable flux according to ASTM B 813. E. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8, BCuP Series or BAg1, unless otherwise indicated. F. Welding Filler Metals: Comply with AWS D G. Solvent Cements for Joining Plastic Piping: 1. ABS Piping: ASTM D BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

5 2. CPVC Piping: ASTM F PVC Piping: ASTM D Include primer according to ASTM F PVC to ABS Piping Transition: ASTM D DIELECTRIC FITTINGS A. Description: Combination fitting of copper alloy and ferrous materials with threaded, solder-joint, plain, or weld-neck end connections that match piping system materials. B. Insulating Material: Suitable for system fluid, pressure, and temperature. C. Dielectric Unions: Factory-fabricated, union assembly, for 250-psig minimum working pressure at 180 deg F. D. Dielectric Flanges: Factory-fabricated, companion-flange assembly, for 150- or 300- psig minimum working pressure as required to suit system pressures. E. Dielectric Couplings: Galvanized-steel coupling with inert and noncorrosive, thermoplastic lining; threaded ends; and 300-psig minimum working pressure at 225 deg F. F. Dielectric Nipples: Electroplated steel nipple with inert and noncorrosive, thermoplastic lining; plain, threaded, or grooved ends; and 300-psig minimum working pressure at 225 deg F. 2.4 MECHANICAL SLEEVE SEALS A. Description: Modular sealing element unit, designed for field assembly, to fill annular space between pipe and sleeve. B. Sealing Elements: EPDM interlocking links shaped to fit surface of pipe. Include type and number required for pipe material and size of pipe. C. Pressure Plates: Plastic. Include two for each sealing element. D. Connecting Bolts and Nuts: Carbon steel with corrosion-resistant coating of length required to secure pressure plates to sealing elements. Include one for each sealing element. 2.5 SLEEVES A. Galvanized-Steel Sheet: inch minimum thickness; round tube closed with welded longitudinal joint. B. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, Type E, Grade B, Schedule 40, galvanized, plain ends. C. Cast Iron: Cast or fabricated "wall pipe" equivalent to ductile-iron pressure pipe, with plain ends and integral waterstop, unless otherwise indicated. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

6 D. Stack Sleeve Fittings: Manufactured, cast-iron sleeve with integral clamping flange. Include clamping ring and bolts and nuts for membrane flashing. 1. Underdeck Clamp: Clamping ring with set screws. E. Molded PVC: Permanent, with nailing flange for attaching to wooden forms. F. PVC Pipe: ASTM D 1785, Schedule 40. G. Molded PE: Reusable, PE, tapered-cup shaped, and smooth-outer surface with nailing flange for attaching to wooden forms. 2.6 ESCUTCHEONS A. Description: Manufactured wall and ceiling escutcheons and floor plates, with an ID to closely fit around pipe, tube, and insulation of insulated piping and an OD that completely covers opening. B. One-Piece, Deep-Pattern Type: Deep-drawn, box-shaped brass with polished chromeplated finish. C. One-Piece, Cast-Brass Type: With set screw. 1. Finish: Polished chrome-plated. D. Split-Casting, Cast-Brass Type: With concealed hinge and set screw. 1. Finish: Polished chrome-plated. 2.7 GROUT A. Description: ASTM C 1107, Grade B, nonshrink and nonmetallic, dry hydraulic-cement grout. 1. Characteristics: Post-hardening, volume-adjusting, nonstaining, noncorrosive, nongaseous, and recommended for interior and exterior applications. 2. Design Mix: 5000-psi, 28-day compressive strength. 3. Packaging: Premixed and factory packaged. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.1 MECHANICAL DEMOLITION A. Refer to Division 1 Sections "Cutting and Patching" and "Selective Demolition" for general demolition requirements and procedures. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

7 B. Disconnect, demolish, and remove mechanical systems, equipment, and components indicated to be removed. 1. Piping to Be Removed: Remove portion of piping indicated to be removed and cap or plug remaining piping with same or compatible piping material. 2. Piping to Be Abandoned in Place: Drain piping and cap or plug piping with same or compatible piping material. 3. Ducts to Be Removed: Remove portion of ducts indicated to be removed and plug remaining ducts with same or compatible ductwork material. 4. Ducts to Be Abandoned in Place: Cap or plug ducts with same or compatible ductwork material. 5. Equipment to Be Removed: Disconnect and cap services and remove equipment. 6. Equipment to Be Removed and Reinstalled: Disconnect and cap services and remove, clean, and store equipment; when appropriate, reinstall, reconnect, and make equipment operational. 7. Equipment to Be Removed and Salvaged: Disconnect and cap services and remove equipment and deliver to Owner. C. If pipe, insulation, or equipment to remain is damaged in appearance or is unserviceable, remove damaged or unserviceable portions and replace with new products of equal capacity and quality. 3.2 PIPING SYSTEMS - COMMON REQUIREMENTS A. All piping shall be made in the United States of America and shall bear label indicating as such. No imported piping will be accepted. B. Install piping according to the following requirements and Division 15 Sections specifying piping systems. C. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings. D. Install piping in concealed locations, unless otherwise indicated and except in equipment rooms and service areas. E. Install piping indicated to be exposed and piping in equipment rooms and service areas at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs are prohibited unless specifically indicated otherwise. F. Install piping above accessible ceilings to allow sufficient space for ceiling panel removal. G. Install piping to permit valve servicing. H. Install piping at indicated slopes. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

8 I. Install piping free of sags and bends. J. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections. K. Install piping to allow application of insulation. L. Select system components with pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure. M. Install escutcheons for penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors. N. Install sleeves for pipes passing through concrete and masonry walls, gypsum-board partitions, and concrete floor and roof slabs. O. Install sleeve.032 thickness minimum where copper tubing comes in contact with concrete or masonry sleeving must be sealed to prevent concrete intrusion before concrete is poured. P. Aboveground, Exterior-Wall Pipe Penetrations: Seal penetrations using sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals. Select sleeve size to allow for 1-inch annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for installing mechanical sleeve seals. 1. Install steel pipe for sleeves smaller than 6 inches in diameter. 2. Install cast-iron "wall pipes" for sleeves 6 inches and larger in diameter. 3. Mechanical Sleeve Seal Installation: Select type and number of sealing elements required for pipe material and size. Position pipe in center of sleeve. Assemble mechanical sleeve seals and install in annular space between pipe and sleeve. Tighten bolts against pressure plates that cause sealing elements to expand and make watertight seal. Q. Underground, Exterior-Wall Pipe Penetrations: Install cast-iron "wall pipes" for sleeves. Seal pipe penetrations using mechanical sleeve seals. Select sleeve size to allow for 1-inch annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for installing mechanical sleeve seals. 1. Mechanical Sleeve Seal Installation: Select type and number of sealing elements required for pipe material and size. Position pipe in center of sleeve. Assemble mechanical sleeve seals and install in annular space between pipe and sleeve. Tighten bolts against pressure plates that cause sealing elements to expand and make watertight seal. R. Fire-Barrier Penetrations: Maintain indicated fire rating of walls, partitions, ceilings, and floors at pipe penetrations. Seal pipe penetrations with firestop materials. Refer to Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems" for materials. S. Verify final equipment locations for roughing-in. T. Refer to equipment specifications in other Sections of these Specifications for roughing-in requirements. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

9 3.3 PIPING JOINT CONSTRUCTION A. Join pipe and fittings according to the following requirements and Division 15 Sections specifying piping systems. B. Ream ends of pipes and tubes and remove burrs. Bevel plain ends of steel pipe. C. Remove scale, slag, dirt, and debris from inside and outside of pipe and fittings before assembly. D. Soldered Joints: Apply ASTM B 813, water-flushable flux, unless otherwise indicated, to tube end. Construct joints according to ASTM B 828 or CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook," using lead-free solder alloy complying with ASTM B 32. E. Brazed Joints: Construct joints according to AWS's "Brazing Handbook," "Pipe and Tube" Chapter, using copper-phosphorus brazing filler metal complying with AWS A5.8. F. Threaded Joints: Thread pipe with tapered pipe threads according to ASME B Cut threads full and clean using sharp dies. Ream threaded pipe ends to remove burrs and restore full ID. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows: 1. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to external pipe threads unless dry seal threading is specified. 2. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe or pipe fittings with threads that are corroded or damaged. Do not use pipe sections that have cracked or open welds. G. Welded Joints: Construct joints according to AWS D10.12, using qualified processes and welding operators according to Part 1 "Quality Assurance" Article. H. Flanged Joints: Select appropriate gasket material, size, type, and thickness for service application. Install gasket concentrically positioned. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads. I. Plastic Piping Solvent-Cement Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces. Join pipe and fittings according to the following: 1. Comply with ASTM F 402, for safe-handling practice of cleaners, primers, and solvent cements. 2. ABS Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2235 and ASTM D 2661 Appendixes. 3. CPVC Piping: Join according to ASTM D 2846/D 2846M Appendix. 4. PVC Pressure Piping: Join schedule number ASTM D 1785, PVC pipe and PVC socket fittings according to ASTM D Join other-than-schedule-number PVC pipe and socket fittings according to ASTM D PVC Nonpressure Piping: Join according to ASTM D PVC to ABS Nonpressure Transition Fittings: Join according to ASTM D 3138 Appendix. J. Plastic Pressure Piping Gasketed Joints: Join according to ASTM D BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

10 K. Plastic Nonpressure Piping Gasketed Joints: Join according to ASTM D L. PE Piping Heat-Fusion Joints: Clean and dry joining surfaces by wiping with clean cloth or paper towels. Join according to ASTM D Plain-End Pipe and Fittings: Use butt fusion. 2. Plain-End Pipe and Socket Fittings: Use socket fusion. M. Fiberglass Bonded Joints: Prepare pipe ends and fittings, apply adhesive, and join according to pipe manufacturer's written instructions. 3.4 PIPING CONNECTIONS A. Make connections according to the following, unless otherwise indicated: 1. Install unions, in piping NPS 2 and smaller, adjacent to each valve and at final connection to each piece of equipment. 2. Install flanges, in piping NPS 2-1/2 and larger, adjacent to flanged valves and at final connection to each piece of equipment. 3. Dry Piping Systems: Install dielectric unions and flanges to connect piping materials of dissimilar metals. 4. Wet Piping Systems: Install dielectric coupling and nipple fittings to connect piping materials of dissimilar metals. 3.5 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION - COMMON REQUIREMENTS A. Install equipment to allow maximum possible headroom unless specific mounting heights are not indicated. B. Install equipment level and plumb, parallel and perpendicular to other building systems and components in exposed interior spaces, unless otherwise indicated. C. Install mechanical equipment to facilitate service, maintenance, and repair or replacement of components. Connect equipment for ease of disconnecting, with minimum interference to other installations. Extend grease fittings to accessible locations. D. Install equipment to allow right of way for piping installed at required slope. 3.6 CONCRETE BASES A. Concrete Bases: Anchor equipment to concrete base according to equipment manufacturer's written instructions and according to seismic codes at Project. 1. Construct concrete bases of dimensions indicated, but not less than 4 inches larger in both directions than supported unit. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

11 2. Install dowel rods to connect concrete base to concrete floor. Unless otherwise indicated, install dowel rods on 18-inch centers around the full perimeter of the base. 3. Install epoxy-coated anchor bolts for supported equipment that extend through concrete base, and anchor into structural concrete floor. 4. Place and secure anchorage devices. Use supported equipment manufacturer's setting drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items to be embedded. 5. Install anchor bolts to elevations required for proper attachment to supported equipment. 6. Install anchor bolts according to anchor-bolt manufacturer's written instructions. 7. Use 3000-psi, 28-day compressive-strength concrete and reinforcement. 3.7 ERECTION OF METAL SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGES A. Refer to Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for structural steel. B. Cut, fit, and place miscellaneous metal supports accurately in location, alignment, and elevation to support and anchor mechanical materials and equipment. C. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D ERECTION OF WOOD SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGES A. Cut, fit, and place wood grounds, nailers, blocking, and anchorages to support, and anchor mechanical materials and equipment. B. Select fastener sizes that will not penetrate members if opposite side will be exposed to view or will receive finish materials. Tighten connections between members. Install fasteners without splitting wood members. C. Attach to substrates as required to support applied loads. 3.9 GROUTING A. Mix and install grout for mechanical equipment base bearing surfaces, pump and other equipment base plates, and anchors. B. Clean surfaces that will come into contact with grout. C. Provide forms as required for placement of grout. D. Avoid air entrapment during placement of grout. E. Place grout, completely filling equipment bases. BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

12 F. Place grout on concrete bases and provide smooth bearing surface for equipment. G. Place grout around anchors. H. Cure placed grout. END OF SECTION BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

13 SECTION VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Basic Requirements: Provisions of Section 15010, BASIC MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS are part of this Section SUMMARY A. General: Provide Variable Frequency Drives of the latest design and technology to provide adjustable frequency/speed control of motors, as indicated herein and on the Construction Documents. It is the intention of these specifications that the VFD controller shall be completely solid-state variable voltage source design. B. Chiller Drives: This section specifically does not include variable frequency or speed drives for Chillers RELATION TO OTHER WORK A. Related Sections: Other Sections of Division 15 which relate to the requirements of this Section may include but are not limited to the following: , BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS , PUMPS , WATER CHILLER , AIR HANDLING UNIT , FANS , BUILDING CONTROL SYSTEM , PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION B. Related Divisions: Other Divisions of these specifications which relate to the requirements of this Section may include but are not limited to the following: 1. Division 1, ALTERNATES 2. Division 16, ELECTRICAL 1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Single Manufacturer: All VFD units shall be provided by a single manufacturer. B. Parts and Service: The VFD Manufacturer shall maintain, as part of a national network, Engineering and Parts service facilities to provide start-up service, emergency service calls, repair work, service contracts, maintenance and training of customer personnel. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

14 C. Standards: The VFD shall comply with latest IEEE 519 Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems, and the latest applicable standards of ANSI, NEMA and the NEC. As a minimum, the full load output current rating of the drive shall be equal to 1.2 times the equivalent motor horsepower full load current (as listed by National Electric Code Table ). D. Harmonics: The VFD's shall limit harmonic distortion reflected onto the source distribution system to a voltage and current distortion level as defined by IEEE 519. Harmonic calculations shall be provided with submittal. Field testing and certification is required as indicated separately in this specification SUBMITTALS A. General: Submittals shall be provided for all equipment herein specified including all data concerning dimensions, materials, efficiencies, installation instructions, wiring diagrams, UL data, and appropriate identification. Submittal shall include, but not be limited to, the following: 1. Catalog cut sheet of each VFD being provided 2. Dimension of each VFD 3. Detailed documentation of protection devices (fuses, breakers, ground fault protection, harmonic suppression, surge suppression) 4. Factory Test Information 5. Information on bypass switch operation and manual starter information 6. Short circuit withstand rating of entire VFD assembly (drive and bypass), including UL testing information/data 7. UL Listing / UL File Number 8. IEEE 519 Calculations, provided by the VFD manufacturer, indicating calculated harmonic distortion levels with equipment being provided. Point of common coupling shall be at the secondary of the utility company transformer. 9. Warranty Information B. General: Refer to paragraph entitled SUBMITTAL in Section Include the following material and performance data: 1. Manufacturers Literature: a. Complete technical information on the Variable Frequency Drive and all specified options, indicating all cabinet dimensions and space requirements for the VFD, including bypass contactors and line reactors. b. Wiring diagram with all control and power wiring for the Variable Frequency Drive Unit. 2. Performance Data: VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

15 a. Complete efficiency versus load and speed data for all VFD ratings showing that the VFD with line reactors is capable of providing full motor nameplate rated horsepower. 3. Installation Instructions: a. Manufacturer's printed installation instructions including copies shipped with the equipment. b. Manufacturer's instructions for the installation and checkout procedure for the variable frequency drive unit. 4. Maintenance Instructions: a. Manufacturer's printed instructions for the maintenance of the variable frequency drive unit. 5. Manufacturer's Start-Up, Checkout and Instructions: a. Start-up and checkout of the variable frequency drive unit. C. Approval: VFDs shall not be ordered until submittals have been approved by the Engineer and shall bear the submittal approval stamp STORAGE AND HANDLING A. Sealing: Openings shall be sealed for shipping and remain so until installation. B. Handling: The equipment shall be carefully handled, not subjected to shock, and protected from weather, dust, construction materials and damage FACTORY TESTING AND CALCULATIONS A. Factory Testing and Warranty: Each VFD shall be factory tested to ensure reliability. Testing shall include component thermal cycling, logic system simulation tests and full load operation tests. The VFD shall be full load heat tested at 104 degrees F ambient. for a period not less than 4 hours with no component damage. The VFD shall be furnished with manufacturer's written certification of tests conducted and their results. B. Efficiency Rating: Complete efficiency versus load and speed data for all VFD settings shall be submitted from factory testing and shall be no less than 95 percent at 100 percent speed and 87 percent at 60 percent speed. The VFD's shall maintain the line side displacement power factor no less than 0.95 regardless of speed and load. C. Motor Lead Length: It shall be the responsibility of the VFD manufacturer to determine if output filters are required based on motor lead lengths. Harmonic filters shall be provided as needed to achieve the maximum harmonic distortion levels specified herein. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

16 D. Point of Common Coupling: Field testing of each VFD at the point of common coupling is required to determine harmonic feedback onto the distribution system. The harmonic distortion at this point shall be limited to the voltage and current levels defined by IEEE- 519 as outlined below, for "General System" applications. The total accumulation of harmonic distortion of all drives shall be calculated. A written and sealed report is to be issued by a Registered Engineer at the conclusion of the tests and if the equipment as installed has been found not to be in compliance with IEEE-519, the VFD's shall be removed at the supplier's expense and promptly replaced with conforming equipment for which testing procedure shall be repeated and documented in the same manner, all without additional cost to Owner. E. Allowable Distortion Limits: Total at point of verification for Project for all assemblies: 1. Voltage: 5% = 100 x Total Harmonic Voltage (total units) Fundamental Voltage 2. Notch depth and notch volt - microseconds as defined by the latest edition of IEEE 519 Standard. 3. Maximum harmonic current distortion in percent of fundamental shall be per IEEE 519 for specific count pulse unit 4. Use of isolation and filter devices is assumed by this specification, as required to obtain specified performance. 5. Harmonic calculations shall be based on the kva capacity and impedance of the transformer supplying the equipment power voltage. The Contractor shall supply this information to the VFD Manufacturer. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.01 ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS A. Manufacturers: The VFD shall be as produced by one of the following manufacturers. Other manufacturers are not acceptable and will not be considered. 1. Square D 2. ABB 3. Toshiba 4. Allen Bradley 5. York International 6. Cutler Hammer B. Requirements: VFD manufacturers listed here are not automatically approved for this project. All requirements of these specifications must be fully met for the VFD to be approved. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

17 2.02 VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE A. General: The Variable Frequency Drive shall be capable of converting the input voltage from to variable frequency, three phase AC power for variable torque motor control continuously from 10 percent to 100 percent of base speed. A transformer shall not be used to adjust the input or output voltage. All general options and modifications shall mount within the VFD enclosure. The voltage-to-frequency ratio shall be automatically adjusted to maximize energy savings. B. Duty: The adjustable frequency system shall be continuous centrifugal duty stepless VFD matched to the motors provided with the equipment (i.e. fans and pumps). The VFD's shall be capable of operating any motor, regardless of manufacturer, with a load rating within the capacity of the VFD's. C. Microprocessor Based: The VFD's shall provide a microprocessor-based adjustment of three-phase motors. D. Pulse: The VFD's shall be of the 6 pulse for motor HP <100 and 12 pulse or greater for motor HP > 100, Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) design converting the utility input voltage and frequency to a variable voltage and frequency output via a two-step operation. VFD's utilizing a third power section are not acceptable.. E. Operating Conditions: Standard operating conditions shall be: 1. Incoming Power: Specified Voltage +5% to -10% and 60 hertz +/-2 hertz power to a fixed potential DC bus level. 2. Humidity: 0 to 95% non-condensing and non-corrosive (indoor applications). 3. Altitude: 0 to 3,300 feet above sea level. 4. Ambient Temperature: 0 to 40 degrees C (indoor applications). F. Rotating Motor: The VFD's shall be able to start into a spinning motor. The VFD's shall be able to determine the motor speed in any direction and resume operation without tripping. If the motor is spinning in the reverse direction, the VFD's shall start into the motor in the reverse direction, bring the motor to a controlled stop, and then accelerate the motor in the preset method of starting. G. Housing: VFD's located in dry interior spaces shall be housed in a NEMA 1 enclosure; VFDs located outside or in damp locations shall be provided with NEMA 3R weatherproof enclosure. H. Power Factor: Power Factor Correction capacitors shall not be utilized to meet motor performance criteria. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

18 I. Front Door: The front door of the controller shall include a door interlock disconnect switch. This shall prevent opening of the unit until the disconnect is in off position. Input fuses shall be provided. J. Manual Reset: The output power circuitry of the unit shall include a manual reset motor overload relay interlocked with the "on" circuitry of the unit. This shall be an adjustable solid-state device to allow easy field adjustment to motor nameplate amps. K. Minimum Withstand Rating: The entire Variable Frequency Drive assembly (drive, bypass and all components) shall be capable of a minimum withstand rating as indicated on the electrical drawings, for a minimum 3-cycles. The VFD assembly nameplate shall indicate that the entire assembly (not individual components) is rated at this minimum withstand rating. Test data indicating that the entire assembly has been tested to this rating shall be submitted to the Engineer for review. L. UL Listing: The entire Variable Frequency Drive assembly (drive, bypass and all components) shall be UL-listed as a single assembly. Individual component listings only shall not be acceptable. UL test data indicating that the entire assembly has been tested and approved by UL shall be submitted to the Engineer for review CONTROL AND MONITORING FUNCTIONS A. General: All VFD's programmable parameters shall be adjustable from a digital operator keypad located on the front door of the VFD or equivalent, convenient arrangement without opening the front door. Parameters shall include: 1. Programmable maximum and minimum frequency. 2. Programmable acceleration and deceleration times. 3. Selectable carrier frequencies, V/Hz, and critical frequency avoidance lockout. 4. Adjustable electronic overload and torque limits. 5. Multiple attempt restart. 6. Keypad lockout and factory default overrides. B. Display: The VFD's shall have a minimum of 8 character display indicating monitored functions as described in the proceeding paragraph. The following parameters shall be monitored: 1. Input current, RMS (3 phases) 2. Input voltage, RMS (3 phases) 3. Output current, RMS (3 phases) 4. Output voltage, RMS (3 phases) 5. Output frequency 6. Kilowatts (input and output) VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

19 7. Drive temperature 8. Time 9. Date 10. Elapsed time meter 11. Motor rpm C. Additional Features: The VFD's shall be additionally equipped with a digital operator station mounted on the enclosure. Control operator devices and indication lights shall include: 1. Digital speed control. 2. Hand-Off-Auto control selector switch. 3. LED status lights for HOA position. 4. Local - remote speed control selector switch. 5. LED status lights for local - remote switch position. 6. LED status lights for run, fault, alarm, up-to-speed, and drive-ready status. D. Interface: The VFD's shall include the following system interfaces: 1. Two (2) isolated process control speed reference interfaces to receive and isolate 0-10 Vdc or 4-20 madc signals. 2. One (1) analog output signal 0-10 Vdc for external metering. 3. One (1) analog output signal 4-20mA for external metering. 4. Run relay with an isolated set of form C contacts. 5. Dedicated terminal blocks for interface with remote start contact and remote safety trips VAC control to allow VFD's to interface with remote contacts at a distance up to 500 feet and with three wire control. 7. Unit mounted display indicating monitored and drive diagnostic information in English language. Coded messages are not acceptable. 8. Dry contact output to indicate protective function trip. 9. A 0 to 5 volt DC signal shall be provided for future use. A 4-20mA signal shall be provided for interface to controls system. The signals shall vary in direct proportion to the controller speed. 10. The unit shall have a dedicated terminal block to allow the controller to be interconnected with external shutdown contacts, such as a smoke detector, fire detector, or time clock. If the unit is shut down by a remote alarm circuit (not including the time clock), a door mounted "external fault" light shall light. E. H-O-A Switch: The front door of the unit shall have a "hand/off/auto" switch. 1. When the switch is in the hand position, the unit shall be enabled and the potentiometer shall control speed. 2. When the switch is in "auto" position, the controller shall be started and stopped by a contract closure, and the speed shall be controlled by an input control signal. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

20 3. In the auto position, the speed of the unit shall be controlled by a SPDT Null controller. If the sensor indicates that the speed is below required speed (i.e., the pressure is too low) the controller shall increase in speed. 4. Conversely, when in the auto position, if the sensor indicates that the setpoint is being exceeded (i.e., the pressure is too high), the controller shall decrease in speed. If no signal is made, the controller shall remain at constant speed. 5. When the switch is in the off position, the motor shall be disconnected and shall not run. F. Acceleration/Deceleration: Acceleration time from 0 to full speed shall be adjustable from 30 to 300 seconds. Deceleration time shall be independently adjustable for the same range. A maximum frequency (speed) adjustment shall be available to allow less than 50 Hz output. A minimum frequency adjustment shall be available to set a minimum output frequency PROTECTION A. General: The VFD's shall be provided with means to protect itself and the motor from the following faults : 1. Overload 2. Speed compensated overcurrent. 3. In-rush current limit (adjustable 50 to 150%) 4. Undervoltage and Overvoltage 5. Overtemperature 6. Short Circuit (3-phase and line-to-line) 7. Ground fault 8. Input and output phase loss 9. Overfrequency B. Overload Protection: The VFD's shall be protected from momentary overload / overcurrent conditions as indicated below: 1. The VFD shall have a one (1) minute overload current rating of 110% for variable torque loads or motor supplied. Unit capacities shall match equipment as minimum, increased to allow normal equipment overloads in actual installation. The VFD and its associated equipment shall be considered as an integral unit for performance as required by this Project. 2. A current limiter shall be provided. The current limiter shall be designed to function automatically to prevent over current trip due to momentary overload conditions, allowing the inverter to continue operation, and achieve full design capacity of the motor and connected load. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

21 C. Overcurrent Protection: The line side of the VFD's shall be equipped with a current limiting reactor to reduce the amount of fault current to the VFD's, which is coordinated with available AIC at service. D. Overcurrent Trip: The instantaneous overcurrent trip shall safely limit the output current in proper microseconds interval due to phase short circuit or severe overload conditions. E. Undervoltage/Overvoltage/Phase Loss: An undervoltage trip shall protect the inverter due to non-momentary power or phase loss. The undervoltage trip shall activate automatically when the line voltage drops 15% below rated input voltage. The overvoltage trip shall protect the inverter due to voltage levels in excess of its rating. F. Temperature / Thermal Overload: An over temperature trip shall protect the inverter from elevated temperatures in excess of its rating. 1. The over temperature light or indication on digital display shall indicate if the unit is tripped on over temperature. 2. When the internal temperature is reduced to an acceptable level, the unit shall automatically start. 3. The VFD panel shall provide visual indication when conditions are within 10 degrees F. of over-temperature shutdown, and upon shutdown. 4. Motor Thermal Overload Protection shall be provided with door mounted reset button for the exact motor full load amps. 5. Motor thermal overload relay shall be mounted inside the VFD cabinet. G. Short Circuit: In the event of a phase to phase short circuit, the control shall be designed to shut down safely without component failure. H. Ground Fault: Solid-state ground-fault protection and indication shall be provided with the VFD. I. Restart: The inverter logic shall allow that a trip condition resulting from over-current, under-voltage, or over-voltage shall automatically reset, and the inverter shall automatically restart upon correction of the trip condition. The number of restart attempts shall be limited to 5. If after 5 attempts the restart is not successful, the inverter shall shutdown safely and require manual restart. J. Loss of Power: In the event of a power loss, the control shall be designed to shutdown safely without component failure. Upon return of power, the system shall be designed to automatically return to normal operation (if the start is in the on condition) being able to restart into a rotating motor and regain positive speed control without shutdown or component failure. K. Switching: In the event that an input or output power contactor, disconnect switch, or circuit breaker is opened or closed while the control is activated, no damage to the unit shall result. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

22 2.05 BYPASS MOTOR CONTROLLER REQUIREMENT A. Starter: VFD assembly shall contain a separate, across-the-line magnetic starter, sized to match motor and arranged for manually-activated emergency use in event of VFD system failure, controlled by same input data as VFD system. B. Bypass: The front door shall include the manual bypass switch. The bypass section door shall include a "VFD-Off-Bypass" selector switch, a "VFD Mode" indicator light and a "Bypass Mode" indicator light. Terminals shall be provided for remote indication of mode selection. In bypass mode the motor shall run at full speed directly from normal power. No electronic circuit shall be employed in the bypass mode. Motor protection thermal overload shall be provided in "bypass" and "normal" mode. C. Transfer: Manual bypass shall provide all the circuitry necessary to safely transfer the motor from the VFD to the power line, or from the line to the controller, while the motor is at zero speed. The bypass shall not be located in the VFD section of the cabinet. The bypass section of the cabinet shall house all devices which must be energized at either line or control voltage while operating in the bypass mode. D. Contactors: Two motor contactors, electrically interlocked, shall be utilized. One contactor is to be between the VFD output and the motor, controlled by the VFD regulator; and the other one is to be between the bypass power line and the motor, providing across-the-line starting. The 115 VAC relay control logic, allowing common start-stop commands in the "controller" mode and the "bypass" mode shall also be included within the bypass enclosure. E. Interlock: The bypass option shall include a door interlocked, main power input disconnect, providing positive shutdown of all input power to both the bypass circuitry and the VFD. F. Factory Installed: Manual bypass with magnetic contactors shall be factory installed. Field modification of the VFD to provide manual bypass is not permitted. PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.01 GENERAL A. General: Provide Variable Frequency Drive for each motor identified as requiring a VFD or variable speed operation. B. Mounting: Floor mounted variable frequency drive units shall be installed on housekeeping pads. Refer to paragraph entitled "HOUSEKEEPING PADS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS" in Section C. Wiring Diagrams: The VFD shall be provided with all necessary wiring diagrams for installation and power wiring from the manufacturer. VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

23 D. Coordination: Coordinate each VFD with the motor served and with the Controls System, paying specific attention to the signal input/output and the ground source. E. Startup: The VFD manufacturer shall provide, at no additional cost to the owner, a start-up service package by a factory trained field service engineer for all VFDs provided. Service shall include inspection, final adjustments, operational checks, functional checks of spare parts (if provided) and a final report for record purpose. Start-up service shall be provided for each VFD. Start-up shall be performed with the cooperation of the controls sub-contractor, where applicable. F. Disconnect: Where a remote disconnect is provided for a motor controlled by a VFD, coordinate to ensure that a late make, early break auxiliary contact rated for ten (10) amps continuous duty is provided on the disconnect. This auxiliary contact must be wired into the VFD start circuit to ensure shut-down of the VFD in the event of the disconnect being opened. G. Warranty: The service package shall include a comprehensive (replacement parts and labor) two-year warranty from date of Owner Acceptance or Substantial Completion (whichever is later) for all VFDs provided LOCATION OF VFD A. Location: The contractor shall coordinate the exact location of VFD with field conditions, keeping in mind that the locations shown on the construction drawings are diagrammatic. B. Distance from Motor: The maximum distance each VFD can be located from the motor it controls shall be as recommended by the manufacturer. C. Mounting: VFD may be mounted directly to masonry, CMU or concrete walls using appropriate fastening methods. When the wall is an exterior wall or any wall where condensation may occur, provide appropriate stand-off (i.e., insulation and/or unistrut mount). VFD may be mounted directly to equipment such as factory or field built AHU. D. Unistrut: When VFD is required to be located where suitable walls are not available, provide a Unistrut type frame securely mounted to the floor and adequately braced to form a rigid mounting surface. E. Floor Mounting: Provide 4 concrete housekeeping pad for all floor mounted units. Pad shall be 6 larger than VFD on all sides and shall have chamfered corners. F. Clearance: VFD shall be generally mounted with the center of the unit at a maximum of 60" above the finished floor. VFD's shall be accessible per the manufacturer's recommendations Service clearance shall be provided in accordance with NEC and under no circumstances less than the following: VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

24 Voltage to Ground Min. Clearance Distance V 3'-0" V 4'-0" greater than 277 V 5'-0" 3.03 AIR HANDLING UNIT SHUTDOWN A. Shutdown: When the VFD is used for control of an air handling unit or exhaust fan that is required to shut down upon activation of the fire alarm system, the VFD controller shall be connected to the fire alarm system and shall de-energize the VFD when the fire alarm system is in alarm. Coordinate with Division 16. B. H-O-A: The VFD shall be de-energized in hand, off, and auto modes. Switching between modes shall not reactivate motor until the fire alarm system is reset. C. Bypass: The VFD shall be de-energized in VFD and Bypass modes. Switching between modes shall not reactivate motor until the fire alarm system is reset. D. Restart: Upon reset of the fire alarm system and re-activation of the VFD, the motor shall soft-start and shall ramp up to its designated speed over a minimum of 30 seconds TRAINING A. Training: Provide a minimum of 16 hours of training for all VFDs for the Owner and Owner s maintenance personnel. END OF SECTION VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES

25 SECTION MOTORS PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SUMMARY A. This Section includes basic requirements for factory-installed motors. B. See Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration Controls" for mounting motors and vibration isolation and seismic-control devices. C. See individual Sections for application of motors and reference to specific motor requirements for motor-driven equipment. 1.2 SUBMITTALS A. Operation and Maintenance Data. 1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA 70, Article 100, by a testing agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and marked for intended use. B. Comply with NFPA COORDINATION A. Coordinate features of motors, installed units, and accessory devices and features that comply with the following: 1. Matched to torque and horsepower requirements of the load. 2. Matched to ratings and characteristics of supply circuit and required control sequence. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.1 MOTOR REQUIREMENTS A. Motor requirements apply to factory-installed motors except as follows: 1. Different ratings, performance, or characteristics for motor are specified in another Section. MOTORS

26 2. Motorized-equipment manufacturer requires ratings, performance, or characteristics, other than those specified in this Section, to meet performance specified. 2.2 MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS A. Motors 1/2 HP and Larger: Three phase. B. Motors Smaller Than 1/2 HP: Single phase. C. Frequency Rating: 60 Hz. D. Voltage Rating: NEMA standard voltage selected to operate on nominal circuit voltage to which motor is connected. E. Service Factor: 1.15 for open dripproof motors; 1.0 for totally enclosed motors. F. Duty: Continuous duty at ambient temperature of 105 deg F and at altitude of 3300 feet above sea level. G. Capacity and Torque Characteristics: Sufficient to start, accelerate, and operate connected loads at designated speeds, at installed altitude and environment, with indicated operating sequence, and without exceeding nameplate ratings or considering service factor. H. Enclosure: Open dripproof. 2.3 POLYPHASE MOTORS A. Description: NEMA MG 1, Design B, medium induction motor. B. Efficiency: NEMA Premium efficiency, as defined in NEMA MG 1. C. Stator: Copper windings, unless otherwise indicated. 1. Multispeed motors shall have separate winding for each speed. D. Rotor: Squirrel cage, unless otherwise indicated. E. Bearings: Double-shielded, prelubricated ball bearings suitable for radial and thrust loading. F. Temperature Rise: Match insulation rating, unless otherwise indicated. G. Insulation: Class F, unless otherwise indicated. H. Code Letter Designation: 1. Motors 15 HP and Larger: NEMA starting Code F or Code G. MOTORS

27 2. Motors Smaller Than 15 HP: Manufacturer's standard starting characteristic. I. Enclosure: Cast iron for motors 7.5 hp and larger; rolled steel for motors smaller than 7.5 hp. 1. Finish: Gray enamel. 2.4 POLYPHASE MOTORS WITH ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS A. Motors Used with Reduced-Inrush Controllers: Match wiring connection requirements for controller with required motor leads. Provide terminals in motor terminal box, suited to control method. B. Rugged-Duty Motors: Totally enclosed, with 1.25 minimum service factor, greased bearings, integral condensate drains, and capped relief vents. Windings insulated with non-hygroscopic material. 1. Finish: Chemical-resistant paint over corrosion-resistant primer. 2.5 SINGLE-PHASE MOTORS A. Type: One of the following, to suit starting torque and requirements of specific motor application: 1. Permanent-split capacitor. 2. Split-phase start, capacitor run. 3. Capacitor start, capacitor run. B. Shaded-Pole Motors: For motors 1/20 hp and smaller only. C. Thermal Protection: Internal protection to automatically open power supply circuit to motor when winding temperature exceeds a safe value calibrated to temperature rating of motor insulation. Thermal-protection device shall automatically reset when motor temperature returns to normal range. D. Bearings: Ball type for belt-connected motors and other motors with high radial forces on motor shaft; sealed, prelubricated-sleeve type for other single-phase motors. END OF SECTION MOTORS