for Construction and Civil Engineering

Transcription

1 Sustainability Projects for Construction ti and Civil Engineering Luke M. Snell, Eminent Scholar Howard Bashford, Associate Professor Del E.Webb School of Construction Arizona State University 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 1 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

2 Personal Carbon Personal Carbon Footprint 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 2 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

3 Objective and Method Objective Document an individual s consumption to demonstrate the connection between individual choices and environmental impact Method Calculate a personal carbon footprint A carbon footprint t is the sum of all CO 2 emissions that are directly and indirectly associated with an individuals activities over a given time frame Concrete Sustainability Conference 3 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

4 Scope Definition Scope 1 Scope 2 Scope 3 Direct Impact Example: Number of kwh consumed Indirect Impact but easily measured Example: Emissions from electrical plant Indirect Impact not easily measured Example: Emissions from coal extraction 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 4 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

5 Time period 4 weeks Assignment Track Scope 1 and 2 impacts by recording Electricity - kwr per day Natural gas therms per weeks Gasoline gallons per week Document Electric company supplying energy Appliances and their fuel type Gasoline grade 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 5 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

6 Assignment, continued Calculate the carbon usage by expressing Gasoline/Diesel in lbs of CO 2 per gallon Natural Gas in lbs of CO 2 per cubic foot Electricity in lbs of CO 2 per kwh 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 6 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

7 Calculating Carbon Emissions Gasoline/Diesel 19 lbs of CO 2 in 1 gallon of gas Natural Gas 11.7 lbs of CO 2 in 1 therm Electricity Convert kwh to MWh Use multiplier based on electric company APS CO 2 per MWh SRP CO 2 per MWh 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 7 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

8 Calculated Carbon Emissions, continued Personal Carbon Footprint Analysis 9000 Most Active Calc culated Carbon Emissio ons Students Environmentally conscious? Inactive? Inaccurate Reporting? 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 8 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

9 Summary Wide range of carbon emissions from Wide range of carbon emissions from approximately 8000 to 150 pounds of CO 2 Students become more aware of how their activities effect the environment Demonstrate personal responsibility in a global issue 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 9 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

10 Life Cycle Analysis 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 10 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

11 Objective and Method Objective Inform potential users of the relative environmental and economic performance when determining which building materials to use on a project Method Utilize BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) to measure environmental and economic performance of building materials 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 11 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

12 BEES Developed by National Institute t of Standards and Technology (NIST) Software for selecting cost-effective, environmentally-preferable building materials 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 12 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

13 BEES, continued Environmental performance includes raw material acquisition, manufacturing, transportation, installation, i use, and recycling & waste management. Economic performance includes costs of initial investment, replacement, operation, maintenance and repair, and disposal Assumes aggregate production equal among different cement materials 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 13 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

14 Assignment Compare three materials for slab on ground construction Silica Fume Cement manufactured 500 miles from the site Generic 20% Flyash Cement manufactured 70 miles from the site 100% Portland Cement manufactured 70 miles from the site 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 14 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

15 Assignment, continued Compare three weighting scenarios Environmental 99% and Economic 1% Environmental 50% and Economic 50% Environmental 1% and Economic 99% 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 15 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

16 Environmental 99% & Economic 1% 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 16 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

17 Environmental 50% & Economic 50% 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 17 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

18 Environmental 1% & Economic 99% 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 18 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

19 Summary Environmental 99% and Economic 1% Environmental 50% and Economic 50% Environmental 1% and Economic 99% Silica Fume is the preferential material when using BEES to conduct an LCA even when the material is transported 500 miles compared to the 70 miles of the other materials Environmentally silica fume is a significantly better option then the other two options Economically silica fume is only slightly more expensive 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 19 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

20 Pervious Concrete Certification 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 20 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

21 Typically students do not have the experience with the tools thus this is to expose them to Pervious Concrete. - One week of class work - Exam 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 21 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

22 A Pervious Concrete Technician is a person who demonstrated knowledge about proper procedures to place, compact, finish, i edge, joint, cure and protect pervious concrete pavements, but who lacks the requisite field experience to qualify as a Pervious Concrete Installer or Craftsman Concrete Sustainability Conference 22 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

23 The program requires knowledge in the following areas Basic concrete technology Pervious concrete materials and mix proportioning Proper use of tools and equipment General design principles of pervious concrete pavements Pervious concrete construction Maintenance and troubleshooting 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 23 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

24 Textbook available from NRMCA 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 24 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

25 Concrete Construction ti Competition 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 25 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

26 Concrete Construction problem is ed to preregistered student teams across the USA. 1. For Construction/Construction Engineering oriented students 2. Over 200 students across N.A. entered. 3. Students have 1 week to solve 4. 1 st, 2 nd, and 3rd place teams invited (with financial support) to present at the ACI Convention Concrete Sustainability Conference 26 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

27 2010 Competition 4 story parking structure t to be build in Chicago To start in June, month schedule 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 27 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

28 Mixture design previously used by our company Concrete Component Quantity, lbs/yd 3 Portland Cement, ASTM C150 Type I 590 Coarse aggregate, Limestone, ASTM C33, No Fine aggregate, Concrete sand, ASTM C Water (w/c = 0.45) 265 Property Value Air content 6%± 1.5% Slump 4 in. ± 1.0 in. Strength (at 7 days) 4,000 psi Strength (at 28 days) 6,000 psi 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 28 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

29 Owner read article Sustainability Leads to Durability in the New I-35W Bridge 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 29 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

30 85% replacement of cement achieved. If they can be that sustainable in Minnesota, surely we can do that (or better) in Chicago!! 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 30 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

31 The student teams were to: 1. Research Building Codes requirements 2. Determine what was a feasible mixture design 3. Prepare a two(2) page memo to the Chief Engineer of how our Design Build company should respond to the Owner 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 31 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

32 Challenges Building to be built during the winter months Deicing salts to be expected Code limits the amount of supplemental materials il that can be used Original Mixture design did not meet Code Owner can not get what he wants 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 32 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

33 Student teams entries went through three rounds of judging 1. School teachers did they provide an answer and was there a logical thought process identified the top 12 entries 2. Local engineers/contractors does the solution make sense identified the top 5 3. National judges selected the top 3 team 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 33 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

34 2010 Winners were: 1. Kansas State t University it 2. Middle Tennessee State t University it 3. Arizona State University 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 34 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

35 Best solutions: 1. Use two mixtures one where deicing i salts were expected, one where it was not expected 2. Use of Silica Fume 3. Recognized that cost and schedule would not be impacted 4. Well written report 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 35 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

36 Pervious Concrete Competition 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 36 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

37 Students were challenged to make two pervious concrete samples that would be tested for tensile strength and flow rate with a falling head permeameter. Sample were to be 4 X6 (C Cast tin 4 X8 cylinders- 1 cut from each end. Tensile strength determined by Splitting cylinder strength 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 37 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

38 Permeameter 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 38 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

39 Filling the Permeameter with head of 11 inches 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 39 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

40 Measure time for 10inches of water to flow through sample 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 40 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

41 Getting sample ready for Splitting Tensile Test 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 41 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

42 Splitting Tensile Test 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 42 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

43 Scoring was by: 10% Report 45% Flow rate 45% Tensile strength 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 43 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

44 Thirty-two Entries: Teams from Mexico Turkey Costa Rica U.K. Canada Puerto Rico USA seventeen Universities 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 44 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

45 Winners were: 1. University of Kansas 2. Missouri Science and Technology 3. Ryerson (Ontario, Canada) ASU- 8 th and 16 th 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 45 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

46 Over 250 students t attended d the competition and Student Luncheon (Luncheon was free to the students) Competition help to create friends of concrete and get them to ACI Conferences Students see challenges and opportunities in Concrete 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 46 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

47 Concrete Sustainability class can have excitement 1. Measure own carbon footprint t 2. Use software to determine best materials to use 3. Concrete Pervious Certification 4. Concrete Construction Competition 5. Pervious Competition 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 47 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association

48 Questions 2010 Concrete Sustainability Conference 48 National Ready Mixed Concrete Association