MATERIAL SPECIFICATION FOR AGGREGATES - GENERAL

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1 ONTARIO PROVINCIAL STANDARD SPECIFICATION METRIC OPSS 1001 MARCH 1993 MATERIAL SPECIFICATION FOR AGGREGATES - GENERAL SCOPE REFERENCES DEFINITIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBMISSION AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS Time Requirements for Laboratory Processing.02 Notice of Intended Source MATERIALS Fine Aggregate.02 Coarse Aggregate Not Used PRODUCTION Stripping of Aggregate Source.02 Processing General.02 Washing.03 Blending Handling.05 Stockpiling QUALITY ASSURANCE General.02 Sampling General.02 Gradation Requirements.03 Physical Requirements.04 Mix Design Page 1 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

2 Testing General.02 Testing Sieves Not Used Not Used SCOPE This specification covers the source, processing, and testing requirements for aggregates, and provides for the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement and reclaimed Portland cement concrete REFERENCES This specification refers to the following standards, specifications or publications: Ontario Provincial Standard Specifications, Material: OPSS 1302 Water Ministry of Transportation Publications: MTO Laboratory Testing Manual Canadian General Standards Board: CAN/CGSB Sieves Testing, Woven Wire, Inch Series American Society of Testing Materials: ASTM E Wire Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this specification the following definitions apply: Crushed Material: means the pieces of aggregate having at least one well-defined face resulting from fracture. Particles with smooth faces and rounded edges, or with only small chips removed, are not considered crushed. Flat and Elongated Particles: means the aggregate particles whose greatest mean dimension in the longitudinal axis compared to the least mean dimension in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis exceeds a ratio of 4:1. Page 2 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

3 Manufactured Sand: means the fine aggregate produced by the crushing and further processing of quarried rock, boulders, cobbles or gravel from which the natural fine aggregate has been removed. Quarried Rock: means the material which has been or is being removed from an open excavation made in a solid mass of rock, which, prior to removal, was integral with the parent mass. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, RAP: means the bituminous pavement which is either removed by processes such as milling, full depth pick up or pulverized in place. Reclaimed Portland Cement Concrete: means the crushed Portland cement concrete removed from sidewalks, driveways, structures, curb and gutter, and pavement, and which is free of embedded materials that are not normal constituents of the concrete mix. Screened Sand: means the sand obtained from gravel deposits and is screened only. Screenings: means the fine aggregate produced by the crushing of quarried rock, boulders, cobbles or gravel from which the natural fine aggregate has been removed SUBMISSION AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS Time Requirements for Laboratory Processing The time required for the laboratory processing of each sample after receipt at the Owner's designated laboratory shall be as shown in Table Notice of Intended Source The Contract Administrator shall be advised in writing of each intended aggregate source, to ensure that the material to be used is after the appropriate laboratory processing completed within the required time indicated in subsection MATERIALS Fine Aggregate Fine aggregates, composed of clean, hard, durable uncoated particles, except those from reclaimed asphalt pavement and reclaimed Portland cement concrete, shall conform to the specification for the type of material furnished; and, unless otherwise provided therein, shall be one or a blend of the following: a. natural sand; b. manufactured sand; c. screenings, produced in the crushing of quarried rock, boulders, cobbles, or gravel; d. iron blast furnace slag or nickel slag; e. reclaimed asphalt pavement; f. reclaimed Portland cement concrete. Page 3 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

4 TABLE 1 LABORATORY TESTING Testing for Physical Requirements, all tests listed in Table 2 except LS-601 and LS-602 MAXIMUM PROCESSING TIME REQUIRED For aggregates for Surface Treatment, Asphaltic Concrete and Portland Cement Concrete - three weeks For other aggregates - two weeks Testing for Owner's Mix Design, assumes prior testing done for Physical Requirements - three weeks Coarse Aggregate Coarse aggregates shall conform to the specifications for the type of material furnished, and, unless otherwise provided therein, shall be one or a blend of the following: a. crushed particles composed of hard, durable, uncoated fragments of consistent quality throughout, produced from bedrock formations or boulders. b. uncrushed material composed of naturally formed, hard, durable, uncoated particles of consistent quality, produced from gravel formations. c. iron blast furnace slag or nickel slag. d. reclaimed asphalt pavement. e. reclaimed Portland cement concrete PRODUCTION Stripping of Aggregate Source Prior to excavating materials for aggregate production, the area to be worked shall be cleared, grubbed, and stripped of all unsuitable surface materials and weathered zones. A sufficient area shall be so opened ahead of the quarrying or excavating operation to positively prevent contamination of the aggregate by deleterious materials Processing General Where necessary to conform to the type of materials specified, aggregates shall be screened, crushed, washed, and otherwise processed with equipment which is of adequate capacity and capable of consistently yielding an acceptable product Washing Aggregates shall be washed in washing plants designed to remove material which would pass the 75 µm sieve. Truck or mixer washing and methods of like intent will not be permitted. Page 4 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

5 Water used for washing aggregates shall conform to OPSS Washed materials or materials excavated from underwater shall be stored for at least 24 h or for such longer period as determined by the Contract Administrator to allow all free water to drain and for the materials to attain a uniform water content Blending Blending of aggregates which meet the physical requirements will be permitted in order to satisfy the gradation requirements for the material to be provided. The blending shall be performed in a satisfactory manner using equipment which will produce a consistent and acceptable product. Blending to improve the physical requirements will not be permitted, except to increase the percentage of crushed particles or decrease the percentage of flat and elongated particles Handling Aggregates shall be handled and transported at all times in a manner and with equipment that will avoid segregation and contamination by any deleterious material. Aggregates being placed in a bin shall be dropped vertically over the centre of the bin and shall not be allowed to fall from a height in a manner that will cause segregation or excess loss of fines Stockpiling Stockpile sites shall be level, well-drained, free of all foreign materials, and of adequate bearing capacity to support the mass of the materials to be placed thereon. Stockpiles shall be either far enough apart or separated by substantial dividers to prevent intermingling. For all coarse aggregates, except where stockpiled on Portland cement concrete or asphaltic concrete foundations or on uncontaminated durable surface area, a compacted granular pad of material with a maximum particle size no larger than that of the material being stockpiled and not less than 0.3 m in depth shall be provided to prevent contamination of the piled material. For fine or combined aggregate stockpiles, the foundation shall be as specified above for coarse aggregates; or, unless otherwise required by the Contract Administrator, the material may be placed on the ground, provided that the bottom 0.3 m of the pile is not incorporated into the Owner's work. When the Owner obtains samples from stockpiles of combined fine and coarse aggregate material for gradation testing, the stockpile shall be constructed in layers not exceeding 1 m in depth, and spilling of material over the edge of the stockpile will not be permitted. These stockpile construction requirements shall not apply to separate stockpiles of fine or coarse aggregates, and shall not apply to stockpiles of combined fine and coarse aggregate when the Owner obtains the gradation acceptance samples after the material has been removed from the stockpile QUALITY ASSURANCE General Irrespective of compliance with the physical requirements, aggregates may be accepted or rejected on the basis of documented past field performance. Page 5 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

6 Sampling General Samples will be taken by the Contract Administrator Gradation Requirements Samples for testing will be required for any aggregate, whether processed or not Physical Requirements Samples for testing will be required for all aggregates, whether processed or not, except that such samples of materials from the Owner's Designated Aggregate Sources will be required only when so requested by the Contract Administrator. Initial samples will be taken from the processed material if it is available or alternatively, the initial samples will be taken from the materials in their natural state for which the Contractor shall, at his own expense, sufficiently expose the source either by opening at the face by excavating test pits, or by core drilling so that representative samples of the material can be obtained Mix Design Samples for mix design will be required for aggregates which are to be incorporated into Portland cement or asphalt concrete. These mix design samples shall be of the processed materials and will be taken after the physical and the gradation samples have been tested and the material approved Testing General Tests on aggregates are listed in Table Testing Sieves Gradation analysis will be based on the designated sieves listed in Table 3. The table showing the MTO sieve designations for laboratory testing sieves has been taken from CAN/CGSB 8.1. As indicated, sieves complying with the alternatives shown are compatible and may be used interchangeably with the MTO sieve designation shown. Page 6 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

7 TABLE 2 AGGREGATE TESTS MTO LABORATORY TEST MTO LAB TEST NUMBER DRY RODDED DENSITY OF COARSE AGGREGATE LS 400 MATERIAL FINER THAN 75 µm SIEVE IN MINERAL AGGREGATES BY WASHING LS 601 SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES LS 602 RESISTANCE TO ABRASION OF COARSE AGGREGATE BY USE OF THE LOS ANGELES ABRASION MACHINE LS 603 RELATIVE DENSITY AND ABSORPTION OF COARSE AGGREGATE LS 604 RELATIVE DENSITY AND ABSORPTION OF FINE AGGREGATE LS 605 SOUNDNESS OF AGGREGATE BY USE OF MAGNESIUM SULPHATE PERCENT CRUSHED PARTICLES IN PROCESSED COARSE AGGREGATES PERCENT FLAT AND ELONGATED PARTICLES IN COARSE AGGREGATES LS 606 LS 607 LS 608 PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF COARSE AGGREGATE LS 609 ORGANIC IMPURITIES IN SANDS FOR CONCRETE LS 610 ATTRITION TEST FOR DELETERIOUS MATERIAL IN ICE CONTROL SAND DETERMINATION OF AMOUNT OF ASPHALT COATED PARTICLES IN COARSE AGGREGATE LS 611 LS 621 PLASTIC LIMIT AND PLASTICITY INDEX OF SOILS LS 704 Page 7 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001

8 TABLE 3 TABLE OF LABORATORY TESTING SIEVES MTO SIEVE DESIGNATION 150 mm 106 mm 75.0 mm 63.0 mm 53.0 mm 37.5 mm 26.5 mm 22.4 mm 19.0 mm 16.0 mm 13.2 mm 9.5 mm 6.7 mm 4.75 mm 2.36 mm 1.18 mm 600 µm 425 µm 300 µm 150 µm 75 µm ALTERNATIVE SIEVE STANDARDS, CAN/CGSB 8.1 and ASTM E-11 6 inch 4.24 inch 3 inch 2 1/2 inch 2.12 inch 1 1/2 inch 1.06 inch 7/8 inch 3/4 inch 5/8 inch inch 3/8 inch inch No. 4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 40 No. 50 No. 100 No. 200 µm = micrometre = 1/1,000 millimetre, mm Page 8 Rev. Date: 03/1993 OPSS 1001