Commissioning the Building Envelope

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1 Thank you to our Conference Sponsors! Silver Sponsors Bronze Sponsor Commissioning the Building Envelope Brian H. Neely, AIA, NCARB, CDT March 27,2014 Gale Associates, Inc. E n g i n e e r s a n d P l a n n e r s 1

2 Air Barrier Association of America (ABAA) is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-aia members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. Air Barrier Association

3 Air Barrier Association of America -PRESENTATION CODE OF ETHICS- The Representative, when speaking about Air Barrier technology and using language, information, presentations, logos, or any other communication means that could be reasonably likely to cause the recipient(s) of such information to believe that the communication represents an official ABAA technical viewpoint, shall: Hold themselves out to the public with professionalism and sound ethics by conducting themselves in a way which reflects positively on ABAA and the ABAA members Clearly state their affiliation Identify their relationship with ABAA Declare that they are presenting an official (unmodified) presentation prepared by ABAA Indicate whether the presentation is at the official request of ABAA This is an AIA Accredited Presentation This presentation will not highlight focus or reference to a specific product of manufacturer Learning Objectives Addressing envelope issues in the early stages of building construction projects saves money and time, and reduces liability for the design and construction team. Commissioning helps avoid common issues in building construction, including water intrusion, indoor air quality issues, mold growth, air infiltration, and energy loss. HVAC and envelope commissioning go hand in hand as the HVAC systems will never operate as designed unless the building envelope performs. The commissioning process should begin when the design team is preparing schematic design documents. The earlier the commissioning process begins, the easier it is to incorporate the comments into the construction documents. 3

4 What is Building Envelope Commissioning? Similar process as Traditional MEP-Based Cx Review ability of design to control heat, air and vapor flow control water penetration control light & solar radiation Monitor and inspect Test and verify Building Enclosure Commissioning is Gaining Acceptance Formal guidelines are developed ASTM E 2813 NIBS Guideline 3 Not comparable to the test and balance, and other functional tests routinely specified for HVAC HVAC can be tweaked when building is complete, not an option with the building enclosure 4

5 Air Leakage accounts for 40% of a building s energy consumption (DOE) 43% of heat loss (NIST) 26% of cooling loss (NIST) Benefits of Building Envelope Commissioning Helps to avoid common problems in building construction: Water intrusion Indoor air quality issues Mold growth Air infiltration (energy loss and occupant discomfort) Improves balancing of HVAC equipment 5

6 Key Causes of Envelope Failures Reliance on a single water barrier (i.e. sealants) New untested building materials Complex geometries Repetitiveness of problem details Lack of technical understanding of moisture intrusion mechanisms Lack of modeling / review / testing / startup Lack of coordinated details between construction trades Workmanship 20 th Century Building Envelopes Simple building materials Limited layers Trained workforce 6

7 Today s Building Envelopes Complex, new building materials Multiple layers / configurations Limited designer/contractor experience Design Phase Services 7

8 Design Phase Services Assist in creation of Owner s basis of design Review prime architect s early schematic designs and identify options for enclosure systems Meet with project team to review standardized approach to design development Emphasize detailing, specifications, and constructability Develop commissioning specifications and identify BECx responsibilities Peer review plans, details, and specifications at design development and contract document stages Wall System Peer Review (BOD) 8

9 Wall System Peer Review (BOD) Design Requirements Combinations of building enclosure components are numerous Building enclosures must perform as a system with all joints, junctures, and penetrations detailed Design specifications must be clear and coordinated with drawings All components must work in conjunction with adjoining assemblies 9

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17 Most Common Issue Leakage/Business Interruption 17

18 Pre-Construction Phase 18

19 Pre-construction Phase Services Review shop drawings and submittals related to enclosure systems Conduct enclosure coordination meetings prior to construction with team members Members include architect, owner, BECxA, CM/GC, and sub trades Review and coordinate shop drawing details at which various envelope components interface Conduct multiple shop drawing coordination meetings between individual trades Implementation of the BECx Plan cont. Pre-Construction Phase Services cont. Review construction of mock-up(s) Document test procedures, results, observations and recommendations Review construction sequencing and scheduling 19

20 Shop Drawing Review Curtain Wall Shop Drawing Review 20

21 Curtain Wall Shop Drawing Review Curtain Wall Shop Drawing Review 21

22 Roofing Shop Drawing Review 22

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24 Roofing Shop Drawing Review Roofing Shop Drawing Review 24

25 Roofing Shop Drawing Review Roofing Shop Drawing Review 25

26 Mock-Up Testing To be built by on-site trades Full-scale laboratory testing To include as many typical details as possible To be tested for compliance with established standards Access for modifications to address potential problems Troubleshoot potential problems Establishes standard of care for trades On-Site Mock-Up 26

27 On-Site Mock-Up ASTM E 783 Standard Test Method for Field Measurement of Air Leakage through Installed Exterior Windows and Doors 27

28 ASTM E-1105 and AAMA Testing ASTM E 2099 Standard Practice for the Specification and Evaluation of Pre-Construction Laboratory Mock-Ups of Exterior Wall Systems 28

29 ASTM E 2099 Standard Practice for the Specification and Evaluation of Pre-Construction Laboratory Mock-Ups of Exterior Wall Systems 29

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32 Construction Phase Services Construction Phase Services Incorporate test results into BECx Report based on mock-up testing Monitor, verify and document BECx Plan implementation Integration of RFIs and change orders into the BECx Report Provide a cumulative deficiency list with followup action 32

33 Construction Monitoring Perform periodic on-site observations of contractor s work Attend job-site meetings while critical enclosure components are being installed Review unique interface conditions to verify that they meet the design intent Summarize observations, concerns, and recommendations in a written report Witness, verify and document field test procedures Confirm that deficient conditions are resolved Or maybe it doesn t get built quite the way it s drawn 33

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38 Detail Allows Air Infiltration Beneath Wood Blocking to Underside of Roof 38

39 Insulation of Continuous Wood Blocking in Accordance with FM Global DS 1-49 Prevents Air Infiltration Under Roof Membrane Roof Edge Detail 39

40 System Punch List Inspections 40

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42 Quality Control Testing ASTM E 2813 Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning 42

43 Electric Field Vector Monitoring and ASTM D-5957 Flood Testing ASTM E 1186 Standard Practice for Air Leakage Detection in Building Enclosures and Air Barrier Systems 43

44 ASTM D 4541 Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Portable Adhesion Testing ASTM E 1186, Standard Practice for Air Leakage Detection in Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems 44

45 ASTM C 1193, Standard Guide for Use of Joint Sealants, Method A, Field Applied Sealant Joint Hand Pull Tab 45

46 Post-Construction Phase Acceptance Phase Testing Smoke tests, tracer gas (qualitative) Chamber tests (quantitative) Spray nozzle, spray rack leak tests Blower door tests Infra-red (after encl. complete or with temp heat) Review as-built drawings (building envelope) Final walk-through punchlist Final report 46

47 ASTM C 1153, Standard Practice for Location of Wet Insulation in Roofing Using Infrared Imaging ASTM C 1060 Standard Practice for Thermographic Inspection of Insulation Installations in Envelope Cavities of Frame Buildings 47

48 ASTM E 1186, Standard Practices for Air Leakage Site Detection in Building Envelopes and Air Barrier Systems ASTM E 779, Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization 48

49 ASTM C 1060 Standard Practice for Thermographic Inspection of Insulation Installations in Envelope Cavities of Frame Buildings Building Enclosure Commissioning Services Newton, MA 49

50 Building Envelope Peer Review, Air Barrier Testing and Construction Period Services Wheelock College Campus Center and Student Residence Boston, MA Building Enclosure Consulting and Full Time Monitoring New Haven, CT 50

51 Building Commissioning Projects Gateway Community College, New Haven, CT Western CT State University, Danbury, CT Jackson Laboratory, Farmington CT Boston University Emmanuel College, Boston, MA Harvard University Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH University of Vermont Baltimore Convention Center Hotel, Baltimore, MD Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, MA MSBA James M. Quinn Elementary School, Dartmouth Joseph W. Martin Jr. Elementary School, North Attleboro North and East Falmouth Elementary Schools Elementary Schools, Sandwich Newton North High School Norwood Senior High School Upper Cape Cod Regional Technical High School, Bourne Oak Ridge and Forestdale Thank you to our Conference Sponsors! Silver Sponsors Bronze Sponsor 51