8/29/2017. Maintaining, Renovating, Restoring, and Preserving Historical Properties. Feel free to ask or share during the presentation

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1 Maintaining, Renovating, Restoring, and Preserving Historical Properties Mark Stanis Director, Project Services UVA Facilities Management Today we will cover 1. Various definitions of historic 2. Efficient use of space 3. Difference between renovation, restoration, preservation and maintenance 4. Tuscan Column Investigation and Repair(Building with Lime) Have a question or comment? Feel free to ask or share during the presentation Open discussion format 1

2 Various Definitions of Historic UVA s Historic Structures Evaluation Methodology One goal of the Historic Preservation Master Plan was to develop a ranking of historic structures and landscapes which lists them with respect to their importance to the University s historic development and character. To establish the list, an approach was developed which allowed all of the resources to be judged in a consistent manner. This required understanding how the building or landscape fit within the history of the University, and included an interior and exterior survey of each building or landscape and an evaluation of the building s or site s integrity. 2

3 Definition of Historic Property from Secretary of the Interior Standards Historic Property a district, site, building, structure or object significant in American history, architecture, engineering, archeology or culture at the national, State, or local level. Definitions Fundamental Essential Important Contributing Not contributing Ranking Based on the information gathered, each building and landscape was assessed and assigned a preservation priority a ranking identifying the resources level of importance in terms of the University s historic character. The priorities are divided into six groups: Fundamental to University history and present character, which applies exclusively to the Jefferson building and Grounds. Essential to University history and present character. Important to University history and present character. Contributing to University history and present character. Not Contributing to University history and present character. Significant outside the University context. 3

4 Cornell University Sibley Hall 4

5 University of Pennsylvania-Philadelphia College Hall University of Arizona Maricopa Hall Efficient Use of Space 5

6 Old Cabell Hall Secretary of State John F. Kerry Old Cabell Hall Dalai Lama Old Cabell Hall FM Town Hall Meeting 6

7 Rotunda Dome Room Rotunda Dome Room Difference Between Renovation, Restoration, Preservation and Maintenance 7

8 Pavilion X (old) Pavilion X (new) Pavilion X and Rotunda 8

9 O Neil Hall (old) O Neil Hall (new) O Neil Hall Interior 9

10 O Neil Hall Interior Pavilion III - Columns Montpelier 10

11 Montpelier Montpelier Montpelier 11

12 Montpelier 12

13 History Limes have been used in buildings for a least 7000 years, since at least 5000 B.C. Evidence of remaining structures and ruins we know that the Romans developed lime technology around 2000 years ago. Achievements of medieval cathedrals and castles were dependent upon lime technology. It is essential to understand Building Limes for the proper repair and health of our Historic Structures. LIME: stone, oyster shell, chalk, coral, marble; whose main constituents are calcium carbonate( CaCO3) 13

14 Lime Burning Production of Quicklime Limes are affected by both the nature of the stone and burning temperatures. While firing, carbon dioxide and moisture are driven off out of the lime thus forming Quicklime (calcium oxide CaO) Quicklime reacts aggressively with water producing temperatures in the excess of 600 F Air Limes Pure Limes are known as High Calcium Limes, Fat Limes, and/or Air Limes, which are 93% calcium carbonate. Non Hydraulic limes consisting almost entirely of calcium hydroxide plus water Set through carbonation. Reabsorption of carbon dioxide CO2 Hydraulic Limes In the form of a hydrate due to its setting properties. Limes prepared from limestone containing reactive silica. These materials give off a chemical set faster and harder than the carbonation of Air Limes, having the ability to set in wet conditions. 14

15 Natural Hydraulic Limes NHL s Eminently Hydraulic Lime NHL 5 Moderately Hydraulic Lime NHL 3.5 Feebly Hydraulic Limes NHL 2 Eminently Hydraulic Limes NHL 5 Limes containing a high amount of reactive silica Highest strength of the three NHL classifications Having the ability to set in wet conditions Has the highest capillarity actions of the three NHL classifications Moderately Hydraulic Limes NHL 3.5 Limes that have a moderate degree of hydraulic set Most commonly used hydraulic lime for application including: laying, bedding, repointing brick and stone, renders, and plasters Containing a moderate degree of free lime for Autogenous healing 15

16 Feebly Hydraulic Limes NHL 2 Limes that have the LOWEST amount of silica Containing the lowest amount of strength that is in the three NHL classifications Greatest amount of free lime content for Autogenous healing Applications including: laying, bedding, repointing brick and stone, renders, and plasters Autogenous Healing Self healing properties of fine cracks in mortars, renders and plasters due to the free lime existing within the matrix of the material. Free lime is transported into the cracks by moisture and/or the reabsorbtion of carbon dioxide. Lime Cycle 16

17 Limes vs. Cements (OPC) Limes: Strength (like for like) Vapor permeability Autogenous healing Flexibility (accommodates movement structural as well as thermal and seasonal) Environmentally friendly (reabsorption of Carbon dioxide CO2 ) Cements (OPC) : Hardness Non vapor permeable Soluble Salts production Rigid Entrapment of moisture thus causing greenhouse affect producing Unhealthy Building Syndrome Fall of 2016 a project to restore the original Jefferson Columns Tuscan Columns was developed Pavilion Pav. VIII Current Tuscan Columns at Pavilion VIII 17

18 Removal of multiple layers of white wash utilizing micro air chisel East lawn Student Room Colonade between Pav. VIII & X. Removal of Cementitious and paint coatings. Colonade Columns viewing north to south between Pav. VIII & X Column 1 having original render (plaster) with cement removal. Column 2 1 st coat(scratch Coat) applied 18

19 Column had split in half this was due to the deterioration of mortar. The column being non vapor permeable due to cement patching and modern paint coatings. Original wood molded Tuscan Column Brick Original Brick Column Cement Plaster has been completely removed. 19

20 Tuscan Stone Base before removal of patching and coatings. Tuscan Sand stone Base after removal of coating and modern paints. Local Sandstone was used to carve the original bases. Deteriorated Sand Stone Base. Base to be reconstructed utilizing permeable repair materials 20

21 Tuscan Column and Capital before paint and whitewash removal Tuscan Sandstone Capital Coating Removal Original Lime Base Render ( Column Plaster) 21

22 Aggregate after analysis containing sand and brick. Granulometry, ratio of lime and sand, utilized in replication of new repair material st Generation Render % of Sand Sieve Set pan Granulometry of original sand after being sieved. Application 1 st coat(scratch Coat) Tuscan Column. Lime Based Render 22

23 Tuscan Column Questions and/or comments? Thank you 23

24 Mark Stanis Director, Project Services UVA Facilities Management 24