Damage Prevention and Loading Services

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1 Damage Prevention and Loading Services May 2014 Transportation Technology Center, Inc., a subsidiary of Association of American Railroads Progress through Partnerships 2014 DP & FC Conference June 30 July 2, 2014, Orlando, Florida You still have time to register for the 2014 Damage Prevention & Freight Claim Conference scheduled for June 30 July 2 at the Rosen Shingle Creek Hotel in Orlando, FL just log on to the conference registration site at This website also provides a link to the hotel for room reservations. The conference program will focus on strategies and tools to ensure safe and damage-free movement of freight via the North American rail network. The educational theme for this year s business program is Progress through Partnerships and will feature keynote presentations by Clarence Gooden, EVP & Chief Marketing Officer, CSX; Lisa Stabler, President, Transportation Technology Center, Inc.; and Edith Grandy, Executive Education Program, University of Florida. Two Program Tracks Main & Automotive Sessions Main general session topics include: Working on the Railroad with Technology Partnering for Success Intermodal Collaborative Partnerships and Solutions Addressing Railway Challenges through R&T Initiatives The Challenges We are the Solutions Overcoming In-transit Damage The Power of Partnerships Closed Car/Intermodal Cargo Securement Hot Topics Get Answered Do you really understand how to address and manage a $50 million problem with no advance notice? Automotive damage prevention and related topics will be featured in a specialized program track, including: Electronic Proof of Delivery Quality Damage Documentation Claims Process Start to Finish Mexico Future Chock Application and Results Update on AIAG Initiatives Industry Group Connections AAR Update and Quality Review Awards Tracking Down the Railroad Conference attendees will be able to meet railroad personnel for private dialogue regarding any issues or concerns during a 90-minute session on the second afternoon of the conference. These one-on-one dialogue opportunities will allow for specialized question and answer sessions, with each railroad having a designated area for reserved times or stop-by discussions. New Technologies and Networking The DP&FC Conference will include an exhibit and trade show on the latest products and services related to quality transportation of freight via the North American rail network. In addition, a themed welcome reception at a nearby restaurant complex is planned for Monday evening, June 30.

2 Page 2 SPRING 2014 TEST SUMMARY (Since last reported Fall 2013) Impact Tests (FI) FI 22-13: 54-inch Diameter Paperboard Rolls Loaded in 50 Boxcars using Horizontal Airbags and Rubber Mats RockTenn Company. Four impact tests were conducted to evaluate a method of securing 54-inch diameter rolls of paperboard loaded in 50-foot 6-inch-long boxcars having 10-foot wide sliding doors. The purpose of these tests was to evaluate a method of preventing roll contact with the doors using one 48-inch by 108-inch Level 5 airbag aligned horizontally in between the doorway rolls along with rubber mats under the four doorway rolls. Four different load configurations were tested. The different loads consisted of an 18-, a 19-, a 20-, and 21-roll load. All four loads experienced excessive lengthwise load shifting which generated more than 10 inches of lengthwise void at the end walls. In addition, the air bags in all cases crushed the adjacent honeycomb panels. FI 23-13: Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 20-foot Container, COFC Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 20-foot containers. The Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. s flexitank system has a maximum capacity of 6,472 US gallons (24,500 liters) and consists of two layers of low density polyethylene plus an out layer of woven polypropylene. The flexitank is fitted into a standard 20-foot container and secured with a steel bulkhead system inserted into the vertical corner post lashing slots directly inside the doors. The Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. flexitank system did not successfully complete the impact test due to bulkhead / door contact. FI 1-14: Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 20-foot Container COFC Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 20-foot containers. The Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. s flexitank system has a maximum capacity of 6,472 US Damage Prevention Newsletter gallons (24,500 liters) and consists of two layers of low density polyethylene plus an out layer of woven polypropylene. The flexitank is fitted into a standard 20-foot container and secured with a steel bulkhead system inserted into the vertical corner post lashing slots directly inside the doors. The Bulkpacking Flexitanks Co., Ltd. flexitank system successfully completed the impact test and met the current AAR and COA requirements. FI 2-14: D Series Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 53-foot Domestic Trailer Mak & Williams Flexitank Supply Ltd. A single impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of two variations of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 53-foot domestic trailers. The M & W flexitank systems had identical tanks with a capacity of 2,640 U.S. gallons (10,000 liters) per bladder, and were setup similar to each other, with the exception of skid mat material underneath each tank. The M & W flexitank system at the front of the trailer successfully completed impact testing with minimal movement and no leakage. The system at the rear of the trailer did not successfully complete impact testing due to excessive lengthwise movement, but no leakage was observed. FI 3-14: Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 20-foot Container COFC Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 20-foot containers. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. s flexitank system has a maximum capacity of 6,340 US gallons (24,000 liters) and consists of two layers of low density polyethylene plus an out layer of woven polypropylene. The flexitank is fitted into a standard 20-foot container and secured with a steel bulkhead system inserted into the vertical corner post lashing slots directly inside the doors. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. flexitank system did not successfully complete the impact test due to a leak that occurred during the fourth impact at 6.0 mph. FI 4-14: Disposable Inflatable Dunnage Bags Used to Control Lengthwise Movement of Cased Goods in TOFC - International Dunnage LLC. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of two

3 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 3 level 1 polyethylene/polypropylene pneumatic dunnage bags in a trailer load of palletized case goods. The palletized case goods were loaded in an intermodal trailer according to Method F-2 of the AAR Intermodal Loading Guide. The load was secured with two 48- inch-high by 96-inch-long by 24-inch wide level 1 air bags. The load successfully completed impact testing. FI 5-14: 54-inch Diameter Paperboard Rolls Loaded in 50-foot Boxcars RockTenn Company. Four impact tests were conducted to evaluate methods of securing 54-inch diameter rolls of paperboard. Three loads were configured for 50-foot boxcars: a 19-, 20-, and a 21-roll load; and one load of 26 rolls were configured for a 60-foot-long box car. The purpose of these tests was to evaluate methods of preventing roll contact with the doors. The 19-roll load tested the viability of using rubber mats and a unitizing strap on one end and a key-lock strap on the other. The 20-, 21- and 26-roll loads used one airbag aligned horizontally in between the doorway rolls along with rubber mats under the four doorway rolls. The 19-, 21- and 26-roll loads performed as intended. The 20-roll load failed due to air bag rupture. FI 6-14: 58-inch Diameter Containerboard Rolls Loaded in 50-foot Boxcars using 2 mm Rubber Mats Allegheny/Down River an ITW Company. An impact test was conducted to evaluate a method of securing 58-inch diameter rolls of containerboard using 2 millimeter rubber mats for doorway protection. A 20- roll load was configured for a 50-foot 6-inch-long boxcar having 10-foot wide sliding doors. The purpose of this test was to evaluate a method of doorway protection using 2 mm thick rubber mats under the six doorway rolls as a replacement for the approved 3 mm rubber mats as published in Pamphlet No. 39, Illustration No. 3. This loading method performed as intended despite the speeds of two of the four impacts being significantly greater than recommended impact speeds. FI 7-14: Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 20-foot Container COFC Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 20-foot containers. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. s flexitank system has a maximum capacity of 6,340 US gallons (24,000 liters) and consists of two layers of low density polyethylene plus an out layer of woven polypropylene. The flexitank is fitted into a standard 20-foot container and secured with a steel bulkhead system inserted into the vertical corner post lashing slots directly inside the doors. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. flexitank system did not successfully complete the impact test due to the bulkhead contacting the container doors on the second 6 mph impact. FI 8-14: Flexitank Disposable Bulk Packaging System for Nonhazardous Liquid in a 20-foot Container COFC Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. An impact test was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disposable bulk packaging system for shipment of nonhazardous liquid in 20-foot containers. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. s flexitank system has a maximum capacity of 6,340 US gallons (24,000 liters) and consists of two layers of low density polyethylene plus an out layer of woven polypropylene. The flexitank is fitted into a standard 20-foot container and secured with a steel bulkhead system inserted into the vertical corner post lashing slots directly inside the doors. The Qingdao ADA Flexitank Co., Ltd. flexitank system performed as intended and met the current COA requirements as well as AAR performance standards. Field Tests (FL) FL 2-13: 58-inch Diameter Pulpboard with Pneumatic Dunnage in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16 ft. Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and pneumatic dunnage as doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-foot-wide double plug doors. FL 3-13: 50-inch Diameter Roll Paper Loaded per GIS 668 in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16-foot Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and pneumatic dunnage as doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-footwide double plug doors. FL 4-13: 40-inch Diameter Coated Rolls Loaded in a Pattern with Pneumatic Dunnage in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16-foot Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of pneumatic dunnage as

4 Page 4 Damage and Prevention Newsletter doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-foot-wide double plug doors. FL 5-13: 45-inch diameter Coated Rolls Loaded in a pattern with doorway per GIS 668 (unitizing instead of X straps) in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16-foot Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and pneumatic dunnage as doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-foot-wide double plug doors. FL 6-13: 45-inch diameter Coated Rolls Loaded in a pattern with doorway per GIS 668 (without unitizing straps) in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16-foot Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and pneumatic dunnage as doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-foot-wide double plug doors. FL 7-13: 60-inch Diameter Board Rolls Loaded on 48-inch by 52-inch Rubber Mats in Doorway, with Rigid Lengthwise Fillers in 60-foot Cushioned Boxcars with 16-foot Double Plug Doors Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and rigid lengthwise fillers as doorway protection in cushioned 60-foot 9-inch boxcars that have 16-foot wide double plug doors. A field test of over-the-road shipments was conducted to evaluate the Holland (Tri-Lo) steel low profile restraint system for use on tri-level autoracks equipped with third rail locking track to secure motor vehicles. The securement system was designed by Holland LP. The system secured 26 multi-level shipments of vehicles of which 25 shipments had matching origin and destination inspections from four different origin locations. Vehicles from each origin were shipped to different destinations. Various types of vehicles were used but all were shipped on five tri-level autoracks. The system contained the vehicles in all 25 test loads with no vehicle damage being noted. (See report for details). The test loads were made starting November 2012, and completed in January Please Note: Holland modified the pawl locking spring assembly on all chocks on the five test multi-levels after the first ten shipments. (See report for details). FL 9-13: Canceled. FL 1-14: 50-inch Diameter Paper Rolls Loaded in 50-foot Boxcars using Vertical Airbags and Rubber Mats Resolute Paper Products. A field test program is in progress to evaluate the performance of rubber mats and pneumatic dunnage as doorway protection in cushioned 50-foot 6-inch boxcars that have 16-foot-wide double plug doors. FL 2-14: Proprietary FL 8-13: Field Test Over-the-Road Shipments of One Design of Primary Securement System for Use with Tri-level Autoracks Equipped with Third Rail Lock Track to Secure Motor Vehicles - Holland LP.

5 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 5 Laboratory Tests (LB) As of January 1, 2014, all laboratory reports are considered proprietary to the customer. The following tables show recent pneumatic dunnage verifications and strap certifications. Product Performance Profile for Pneumatic Dunnage Product Verification List Company Level of Verification General Description Date of Verification AtMet Bracing / AB Dunnage Level 1 Polyethylene/Polypropylene October 3, 2013 Shanghai Atmet Storage Equipment Co. Ltd. Level 1 Polyethylene/Polypropylene March 20, 2014 ProDragon Ltd. Level 3 Polyethylene/Polypropylene March 20, 2014 Shanghai Dream-Mao Packing Materials Ltd. Level 1 Polyethylene/Polypropylene December 10, 2013 Stopak Level 2 Stopak Level 5 Polyethylene/Polypropylene with Jumbo Valve Polyethylene/Polypropylene with Jumbo Valve November 13, 2013 December 2, 2013 Other Pneumatic Dunnage Bags Approved for Use with Specific Loading Methods Company General Description Associated Method(s) International Dunnage *Reference AAR Intermodal Loading Guide Level 1 Square Woven Poly Bag with Fast Flow Valve F-2* For a complete listing of verified pneumatic dunnage, go to

6 Page 6 Damage Prevention Newsletter Recent OTLR Approvals Re-Approvals Company Expiration Date OTLR Table Bekap Metals (AAR 36) 03/ , 17.9 and (USLM) Polychem Corp.(AAR 53) 02/ Cordstrap USA Inc. (AAR 77) 04/ Spanset (AAR-72MA) 02/ and 46.1 Carolina Webbing (AAR-80M) 02/ and 46.1 For a complete listing of AAR OLTR Approvals, go to Ask DP&LS by Tom Feltault, Senior Manager Damage Prevention Engineering DP&LS staff regularly fields questions relating to load securement and damage prevention that may be of interest to our readers. This column will attempt to address these questions and provide an opportunity for dialogue among interested parties. If you have a question regarding damage prevention or load securement, send it to DPLS@aar.com. We ll do our best to answer it! Dear DP&LS, Why can t trailer doors be used in to reinforce load securement for intermodal loads? Trying to be Frugal Dear Frugal, Trailer doors may indeed be strong enough to secure more loads than what is permitted under Rule 5A of Circular 43-E; however, the primary concern is over safety. When the trailer or container is placed for unloading, the person opening the door will have no way of knowing if the door has pressure behind it from the load. When the locking bars are disengaged, the door could spring open forcefully and potentially cause injury. In addition, the load, once no longer confined by the door, could tumble out of the trailer, creating both a safety hazard and potential for damage. Tom Feltault

7 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 7 Technical Advisory Group Updates May 2014 Publications TAG Update The Closed Car Loading Publications Technical Advisory Group has made tremendous progress in revising all of the Closed Car Loading Pamphlets. The new Closed Car Loading Guide Parts 1, 3, 4 and 6 have been finalized as reported elsewhere in this newsletter. Part 2, the Best Practices for Loading Roll Paper in Railcars is also under review by the Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper with a goal for completion by the end of The remaining parts are in their final review stages and should be available late in General Information Bulletin No. 9 Revised Beginning in 2014, suppliers, vendors and distributors have the opportunity to have pneumatic dunnage products that have been verified by a manufacturer listed in this Product Verification List under a separate trade or brand name. To qualify, a supplier must provide written confirmation from the manufacturer identifying their company as an authorized representative of that manufacturer s products, and that the product is the same in both material and method of manufacture as the product verified. Contact DPLS@aar.com for details. Flexitank TAG Update The report of flexitank surge research is undergoing a final internal review. The report recommends incorporating longitudinal inputs into the simulation test procedure to emulate train buff and draft action. Once the report is approved for distribution, the TAG will be convened to make its recommendation. Quality Lead Team for the Prevention of Damage to Paper (QLT) Field shipment testing of loading and securement methods for 40-, 45-, 50-, 58-, and 60-inch rolls is in progress. Register Today for DP&LS CONFERENCE The conference registration website contains full details on the conference and signups for associated activities. Make your plans now to join us in Orlando for this exciting educational event!

8 Page 8 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Open Top Loading Rules Committee Update by Mike Sandoval, Manager AAR Loading Rules ASTM D10 Committee (D10.25 Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads) met during the week of April 9, 2014, in Toronto, Canada. One of the highlights of the meeting was the introduction of the proposal for a Grade 8 Type 1A nonmetallic strapping. The strapping industry is continuously developing new products for cargo securement and packaging applications. The ASTM D10 Committee is comprised of several industry experts and oversees several ASTM Standards that deal with metallic and nonmetallic strapping. The AAR Open Top Loading Rules Committee Manager is a voting member of this ASTM Committee and was present at the April meeting. Proposal for new Grades and Sizes of D3950 Type IA strapping By unanimous voice vote, the subcommittee approved putting the proposed revision of D3950 adding a new size and grade of Type1A strapping as submitted to subcommittee mail ballot, to be accompanied by corroborating test reports with the ballot. Proposed Grade 8 Specifications: Width: 2 inches Minimum Break Strength: 15,000 lbf Elongation at Break: 9 15% Joint Efficiency: 55% (75% for AAR OTLR 11,250 lbf) Joining Method: Ladder Buckle/Ladder Buckle Hook Application: Load Securing/open top rail and ocean flat rack and break bulk applications Method: Manually applied Tensioning Device : Windlass hand tool/pneumatic windlass tensioning tool/battery operated windlass tensioning tool The Open Top Loading Rules Committee will adopt these specifications via Circular Letter in the near future. Recent Circulars Issued Figure Affected Date CL No. Title 9-E 2/28/2014 C R 2/28/2014 C B 124-C 2/28/2014 C /28/2014 C Implementation of Revisions to Figure 9-E, Section 2, AAR Open Top Loading Rules Manual, Rails, 78-foot to 80-foot-long Bulkhead Flatcars, 85-foot-long and over, with Fixed Steel Side Stakes Implementation of Revisions to Figure 43-R, Section 2, AAR Open Top Loading Rules Manual, Logs or Ingots, Aluminum, 16-foot-long and over Center A-Frame Flatcars, with Cable Tie-Downs Implementation of New Figure 124-B Pipe, Steel, 26 In. OD or Less, Maximum 48-foot Mixed Diameters, Secured with Nonmetallic Strapping 52-foot Gondolas; and New Figure 124-C Pipe, Steel, 26- inch Maximum Diameter, Uniform or Mixed Lengths and Diameters Implementation of New Figure 40, Section 5, AAR Open Top Loading Rules Manual, Shingles, Palletized (Minimum 40 inches by 40 inches) Riserless Center A-Frame Cars

9 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 9 Impact Testing of Structural Steel Loads The OTLRC is continuing to conduct impact testing of structural steel loads to address the issues involved with this particular commodity. With the help of the strapping manufacturers and the steel producers, the OTLRC believes that this problem will have viable solutions in the upcoming months. The photographs below represent different strapping and loading configurations for Section 2 Figure 109. Upcoming Meetings General Meeting September 16 18, 2014, Eugene, Oregon (Joint Meeting with PNWARS) Rules and Figures TBD

10 Page 10 A Better Bridge Plate Stanchion by Ray Fries, Manager Field Operations Damage Prevention Newsletter The bridge plate stanchion has evolved over the years into some very successful designs. Stan Hawkins, the Terminal Manager for Auto Warehousing Company at Curtis Bay, Maryland, has provided photos of the bridge plate stanchion design they use. The design permits the easy storing and removal of portable bridge plates. The design also allows for easy inspection of the bridge plates while they are still hanging. The bridge plate storage bracket is fully enclosed on the left side of the stanchion (see photograph below). On the right side of the stanchion, the bridge plate bracket is open at the top (see photograph below).

11 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 11 This photograph illustrates the storing of a bridge plate. Note the open bracket with the bridge plate applied. This open design of a bridge plate support bracket makes it very easy to store a plate and to remove a plate. You just lift the plate up at the right side bracket and slide it out of the left side bracket. It is also very easy to perform a plate inspection while the bridge plate is still hanging. Overall safety is enhanced when you make a process easier and a little quicker. Organization is the Key to Success by Ray Fries, Manager Field Operations Good organizational skills in any business makes for a success. That is very true for a successful multi-level pre-trip operation. During a recent Pool Certification Inspection, I was very impressed with the organizational skills of Henry Alverez, Manager Mechanical for PASHA at National City, California. At some locations, I spend an excessive amount of time searching for manuals and pertinent pool documentation. Not at Henry s operation. Henry had a cabinet full of all the necessary manuals, documentation, and training material. The manuals were sequentially coded. This made it easy to see a manual that was out of place or missing.

12 Page 12 Damage Prevention Newsletter A code inventory list was taped to the inside of the cabinet door. Henry was quickly able to provide the requested manuals and documentation by referring to this list. There was no waiting on my part. I asked for it and I got it quickly. Henry s attention to the finer details of a pre-trip process and his great organizational skills made for an overall very successful multi-level pre-trip operation. This helps our customers and it helps our industry. Let s keep the autoracks moving.

13 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 13 An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure by Pat Breslin, Manager Data & Field Services Loading and unloading ramps need a good periodic once-over to check for loose bolts especially on the ramp uprights and locking cam bearings. The locking cam bearing must also be inspected for broken and/or cracked housings. This type of inspection should be conducted at least quarterly, if not monthly. The combined origin and destination quality review scores for the condition of loading and unloading ramps was percent at the end of Currently, that score has dropped to percent. In the last six months there has been an increase in the problems described below. The top photo is a side view of a newer portable loading/unloading ramp. The arrows are pointing to where the supports and uprights are bolted together. The bottom photo is a close-up of where the support mounts to the main ramp beam. Telltale signs that the bolt is loose are the rust where the two pieces are bolted together and where it is starting to form a line down the side of the beam. In fact, this bolt was loose and could be freely turned by hand. Add checking both the upright bolts and locking cam bearing to your facilities ramp checklist. Add checking both the upright bolts and locking cam bearing to your Ramp Checklist.

14 Page 14 Damage Prevention Newsletter Chock Storage Zeftek Non-Metallic LoPro Chock by David Hendrixon, Damage Prevention Specialist During the last few months of performing Quality Reviews and training classes, the question about the proper way to store the Zeftek Non-Metallic LoPro Chock in a storage box has been frequently asked. Under the current scoring procedures for chock storage, chocks must be stored right side up and cannot be stacked on top of one another. How can these chocks be stored under the current scoring procedures when these chocks are too big for the storage boxes? The proper way to store these chocks in a multi-level is to place the harness of the chock at the bottom of the storage box and place the chock on top of the harness. If the storage box is too small for the chock to lay right side up, then place the chock at an angle with the high part of the chock resting against the side panel of the multi-level. This is to provide maximum clearance from the chock to the vehicle door when it is opened during the loading or unloading process. Do not wrap the harness around the chock body during the storage process, as a vehicle may be next to the chock during the securement process and the large metal hook located at the end of the harness could make contact with the vehicle. Strap routed from underneath the chock running up between the chock and side panel of the multi-level. Do not wrap the harness around the chock. With the chock stored in the box at an angle, ensure the high portion of the chock body is leaning against the side panel of the multi-level. Place the harness of the chock at the bottom of the storage box and place the chock on top of the harness. If the storage box is too small for the chock to lay right side up, then place the chock at an angle with the high part of the chock resting against the side panel of the multi-level.

15 Damage and Prevention Newsletter Page 15 Thinking Outside the Box Inside the Box(car) Last fall, RockTenn Company contacted DPLS requesting approval of four loading methods for 54-inch diameter paperboard rolls loaded in boxcars. Their goal was to develop loading and bracing methods for 18- to 22-roll loads; however, the 18- and 19-roll patterns had point rolls at the end walls and a number of single rolls centered in the car. Concern was expressed over these single rolls, which could shift laterally in the car and lead to a total breakdown of the load. In addition, loading single rolls centered against the end wall is not recommended because of the load concentration on these rolls during an impact, which was borne out when rolls were damaged during the initial impact tests (FI 22-13). AAR staff suggested an alternative loading method for these numbers of rolls based on intermodal loading method E-18 for 58-inch diameter rolls unconventional, but worth a try. Basically, the ends of the car would be loaded with the necessary number of rolls, in either a 2-2 or pattern, with the last four rolls in each end of the car loaded on rubber mats and unitized with two type 1A, grade 5 nonmetallic straps. This proposed method was successfully impact tested (FI 5-14) with lengthwise roll movement limited to 16 inches and no damage was observed. It is currently scheduled to begin field shipment testing. When you re faced with a seemingly impossible load securement challenge, try thinking outside the box inside the box! 2013 L&D Ratio Ties All-Time Low Mark The amount paid for freight loss and damage by U.S. and Canadian railroads decreased from $100.3 million in 2012 to $99.4 million in Loss and damage as a percent of revenue remained at 0.13 percent, tying the all-time low mark set in 2010 and In other words, for every $100 in freight revenue, railroads incurred 13 cents in freight claim expense. In the 1970s prior to deregulation, railroads were paying freight claims at a rate of nearly $2 for every $100 in freight revenues. Also of note for 2013 was the percent of claims settled by carriers within 30 days 83 percent, the greatest percent over the past nine years. The following chart shows the ratio of L&D to revenue over the last 10 years.

16 Page 16 Damage Prevention Newsletter Damage Prevention & Loading Services Contacts DOT Road Pueblo, CO Recent DP&LS Publications Available at Closed Car Loading Guide Part 1 Minimum Loading Standards for Freight in General Purpose Boxcars (formerly Pamphlet No. 14) (1/2014) $60 Member ($120 Nonmember) Gary Held, Director Damage Prevention & Loading Services Phone gary_held@aar.com Tom Feltault, Senior Manager Damage Prevention Engineering Phone tom_feltault@aar.com Mike Sandoval, Manager AAR Loading Rules Phone mike_sandoval@aar.com Travis Wolgram, Senior Engineer Damage Prevention Phone travis_wolgram@aar.com Ray Fries, Manager Field Operations Phone ray_fries@aar.com Pat Breslin, Manager Data and Field Services Phone pat_breslin@aar.com David Hendrixon, Damage Prevention Specialist Phone David_hendrixon@aar.com Closed Car Loading Guide Part 3 Minimum Loading Standards for Plywood and Similar Panel Products in Closed Cars (formerly Pamphlet No. 8) (3/2014) $30 Member ($60 Nonmember) Closed Car Loading Guide Part 4 Minimum Loading Standards for Lumber Products in Closed Cars (formerly Pamphlet No. 20) (3/2014) $30 Member ($60 Nonmember) Closed Car Loading Guide Part 6 Minimum Loading Standards for Prepared Food and Similarly Packaged Products in Closed Cars (formerly Pamphlet No. 17) (2/2014) $30 Member ($60 Nonmember) To be the provider of choice for advancing railway safety and technology. DP&LS The address for the DP&LS group is: Damage Prevention and Loading Services Transportation Technology Center, Inc. P.O. Box DOT Road Pueblo, CO All phone numbers for all DP&LS staff are listed. Gary Held Tom Feltault Mike Sandoval Travis Wolgram Ray Fries Pat Breslin David Hendrixon