City of Eugene IPM and its Implementation on 3 Projects. Eric Wold and Jesse Cary-Hobbs City of Eugene Parks and Open Space Division

Transcription

1 City of Eugene IPM and its Implementation on 3 Projects Eric Wold and Jesse Cary-Hobbs City of Eugene Parks and Open Space Division

2 IPM Policy and Operations Manual 1. Available at 2. What is IPM? Coordinated decision-making and action process that uses the most appropriate pest control methods and strategy in an environmentally and economically sound manner to meet agency pest management objectives.

3 IPM Policy and Operations Manual 3. Parks and Open Space Policy a. Set action thresholds b. Monitor and identify pests c. Prevent d. Control e. Evaluate efficacy of treatment 4. Site Types (21 total types, including... ) a. Forests and Woodlands b. Waterways c. Forests and Woodlands

4 IPM Policy and Operations Manual 5. Modes A = wetland mitigation sites; very high quality B = highest quality sites other than Mode A C = average quality sites D = lowest quality sites 6. Weed classification 1 = highly invasive; potential exists for eradication on all City sites 2 = highly or moderately invasive, potential for local control 3 = less invasive, slow spreading, or difficult to control or eradicate

5 Ivy removal at Skinner Butte Park

6 IPM for ivy at Skinner Butte Park Site Type: Forests and Woodlands Mode: B Weed Classification (Appendix F): Class 3 BMP: Manual, biological, and chemical methods

7 Project Goal 1. Facilitate release of native understory species by removing ivy.

8 Tactics 1. Remove ivy from the highest quality habitats of park first. 2. Manage small, outlying weed populations before large populations. 3. Consider a reseeding plan where necessary.

9

10 Manual Control Chemical Control

11 Factors to Consider for Choosing an Ivy Control Methodology Slope Aspect Canopy Cover/Type Quality of remnant native vegetation Soil type Accessibility for equipment Presence of hazards

12

13 Subtractive Restoration

14 Ivy Control by the Numbers Initial Hand Pulling ~$3,000-7,000/acre Follow-up Hand Pulling ~$500-1,000/acre Initial Ivy Spraying ~$500/acre Follow-up Spraying ~$300/acre

15 Delta Ponds: Nature in the Heart of the City

16 IPM at Delta Ponds Site Type: Waterway Mode: B Weed classifications (Appendix F) Purple loosestrife: Class 1 Floating primrose-willow, Yellow-flag iris, Canada thistle: Class 2 Armenian blackberry, English Ivy, Scotch broom: Class 3 BMP: Manual removal, biological, and chemical removal

17 Project Goals 1. Reconnect ponds to the river. 2. Increase riparian and floodplain habitat. 3. Provide habitat for juvenile spring Chinook salmon, western pond turtles, and neotropical migratory birds.

18 Pre-1950 Delta Ponds area was a major side channel of the Willamette River.

19 Pre-project Conditions Disconnected from Willamette River Steep banks Invasive plant species Limited recreational and educational features

20 Weeds Controlled at Delta Ponds: 1. Yellow Flag Iris 2. Armenian and evergreen blackberry 3. Ludwigia sp. 4. Canada thistle 5. English Ivy 6. Scotch broom 7. Purple loosestrife 8. Bird cherry 9. Tree of Heaven

21 Armenian blackberry and other species were controlled on 50 acres at Delta Ponds between 2004 and 2011.

22 Armenian Blackberry Control Tips Know your goals Plan for what s going to grow there once blackberries are gone What s in your wallet? The first step is always to cut it down Timing is everything Persistence pays off

23

24 Follow Control with Seeding and Planting Planted 70,000 trees and shrubs 2 years of watering 2 years of manual vegetation maintenance around each tree and shrub This reduces competition and leads to increased survival of desired plants. Seeded high density, low diversity mix of forbs and grasses

25

26

27 Yellow-Flag Iris Control

28 Yellow-flag Iris Control Tips What s upstream? Shade it, dig it, or cut and wipe it Make a clean cut Glyphosate may not be enough Aquatic applicator s license?

29 Before After

30 Prairie Restoration at Coyote Prairie

31 IPM at Coyote Prairie Site Type: Prairie and Savanna Mode: A Weed classifications (Appendix E) Many species in classes 1-3 BMP: Manual removal, biological, and chemical removal

32 Project Goals Re-establish wet prairie plant communities on rye grass field. > 50 native prairie species. > 70% cover of native species. Wold, Eric N., J.E. Jancaitis, T.H. Taylor, and D.M. Steeck Restoration of agricultural fields to diverse wet prairie plant communities in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. NW Science 85:

33 260 native Willamette Valley plants identified in West Eugene Wetlands Eleocharis palustris Epilobium densiflorum Deschampsia cespitosa Allium amplectens

34 Pre-Project Conditions

35 Goal: Establish diverse wet prairie plant community. Strategy: Multi-year no-till site prep and multiple years of seeding. Rationale: Massive non-native seed bank.

36 Prevention via Seeding Short-term Goals of Seeding Plan Establish quickly Occupy available area (i.e., cover all ground throughout the season) Out-compete non-native species that may be present

37 Prevention via Seeding Long-term Goals of Seeding Plan Establish a highly diverse (~ 50 species) community of native plants Self-sustaining (adequate seed production in plant populations) Resistant to invasion by non-native species Resilient in the face of disturbance

38 Wet Prairie Structure Filling the niches! Pedestal Interspace

39 Niche Filling Moisture Guild A/P Flowering Function Species L M H G F S R A P E M L Nectar Host Allium amplectens X X X X X Carex densa X X X X Danthonia californica X X X X X Deschampsia danthonioides X X X X Epilobium densiflorum X X X X Eriophyllum lanatum X X X X X Grindelia integrifolia X X X X X X Juncus tenuis X X X X Plagiobothrys figuratus X X X X X Rumex salicifolius X X X X X

40 Vegetation Results Two Years Following Initial Seeding

41 Control Exotics via Spot Spraying

42 Summary and Conclusions 1. Understand your seed bank, and use that information to inform your methods. 2. Following control efforts, use seeding and planting with desired species as a key prevention method. 3. Use monitoring to evaluate efficacy and need for future action. 4. Conduct on-going prevention and maintenance.

43 Questions?