Status of Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Uttar Pradesh State. 9 th August, 2014 Lucknow

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1 Status of Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Uttar Pradesh State 9 th August, 2014 Lucknow

2 UNFCCC UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992: Common but Differentiated Responsibilities, and developed countries to return to 1990 levels of emissions by 2000 The international political response to climate change began with adoption of UNFCCC in 1992 for action aimed at stabilizing atmospheric concentration of GHGs to avoid dangerous anthropogenic interference with Climate System (came into force in parties) Kyoto Protocol(1997): industrialized countries agreed to reduce GHGs emission 5% below1990 level ( i.e. First Commitment period)) Second commitment period for Kyoto Protocol was agreed in 2012 It started with top down commitment and lean towards Pledge and now ended at Contribution by National Government

3 UP-PFMPAP The Uttar Pradesh Participatory Forest Management and Poverty Alleviation Project (UP-PFMPAP) PFMPAP) is under implementation in 15 territorial forest divisions and 5 wildlife divisions covering 17 districts of the Uttar Pradesh State The project is funded d through h a soft loan provided d by the Japan International Co operation Agency (JICA), for the duration of 8 years, starting from to at an estimated cost of approximately Rs crores. Of which JICA provides Rs crores as a soft loan and remaining Rs crores will be borne by the UP State Government The major aim of the project is to restore degraded forests, augment degraded forest resources and improve income for and empower local forest dependent communities within the state

4 A/R CDM Project The proposed A/R CDM project is a smaller part of the UP-PFMPAP implemented within the state The objective of the project is to prepare small scale A/R CDM projects within the project area of UP-PFMPAP and assist the project proponent(s) in registration with the Executive Board of UNFCCC and DNA (MoEF) and subsequent process thereof for obtaining CERs and their sale To assess the eligible area for A/R CDM project, total 755 JFMCs were surveyed in detail covering all the fifteen territorial and five wild life divisions of UP-PFMPAP. Around 100 potential JFM village forests in ten forest divisions were selected for the A/R CDM projects based on the availability of eligible areas assessed through satellite imageries and ground inventories The ten selected Forest Divisions are Obra, Renukoot, Sonebhadra, Chitrakoot, Mahoba, Mirzapur, Jhansi, Lalitpur, Allahabad and Kashi All the ten projects will be implemented in the JFM village forest areas to provide social, environmental and financial benefits to the local communities through carbon market

5 Overview of the A/R CDM project The proposed A/R CDM project is being carried out in four phases starting ting from April, 2010 ending in December, 2016 Phase - 1 (April 2010 to March 2013) - The first phase of the project includes identification of the potential ti sites and eligible ibl areas for developing ten small scale A/R CDM projects in ten separate forest divisions of the UP-PFMPAP Phase - 2 (April 2011 to December 2014) - The second phase of the project comprise developing the detail project documents (PDDs, PCNs, Stakeholder consultation reports and other relevant documents) separately for all selected ten forest divisions Phase 3 (July 2013 to December 2015) The third phase consists of facilitation to obtain clearance from NCDMA and validation by DOE and project registration with EB of UNFCCC and finally Phase- 4 (October 2014 to December 2016) - The fourth phase is the monitoring and facilitation of all ten project activities.

6 Project Status Phase 1: Identification of A/R CDM project areas (Completed) Phase -1 comprised of assessment of eligible ibl area for developing A/R CDM projects in ten forest division of the UP State. Of the total 755 JFMCs covered, around 100 JFMCs were selected for A/R CDM project in three batches Batch-1 report submitted in 2011, comprising detailed layout maps, field survey data and eligible area for A/R CDM activities for 265 JFMCs Batch-2 report submitted in 2012, comprising i assessment of eligible ibl area for A/R CDM, detailed layout maps and field survey data for another 270 JFMCs Batch -3 report submitted in 2013, comprising i detailed d layout maps, field survey data and eligible area for A/R CDM projects for another 214 JFMCs

7 Phase 1: Workshops and Trainings (Completed) Conducted regional workshops on A/R CDM at Lucknow, Obra, and Jhansi in 2011 and 2012 Conducted workshop cum trainings on A/R CDM covering all the three regions of the state, which were well attended by DMU, FMU, JFMC members, NGO and PNGOs members etc. Conducted d interactive stakeholder meetings on A/R CDM at all the ten selected forest divisions (Obra, Reenukot, Sonebhadra, Chitrakoot, Mahoba, Allahabad, Jhansi, Kashi, Lalitpur, Mirzapur forest divisions) Formed of A/R CDM Committees in all the selected ten project areas

8 Phase 2: Preparation of PDDs, submission of documents and selection of Validator (Completed) Phase-2 comprised of preparation of the PDDs, PCNs, Project Stakeholder Consultation Meetings, g, formation of A/R CDM Committees and selection of validator Identified ten forest divisions for A/R CDM activities based on the availability of eligible areas. Submission of Prior Consideration Forms for all the selected ten forest divisions at UNFCCC and NCDMA (MoEF) Preparation of PDDs, PCNs and Stakeholder consultation meeting reports for all the selected ten forest divisions Submission of all the documents (PDDs, PCN, Stakeholder reports) for all the ten projects to NCDMA for HCAs Received HCAs from NCDMA for five projects (Obra, Mahoba, Renukoot, Sonbhadra and Chitrakoot Forest Divisions) For the remaining five projects, HCAs will approve in the next NCDMA meeting Facilitated in selection of DOE (TUV NORD)

9 Phase- 3: Validation and submission of PPDs to UNFCCC (Partially completed) All the ten project reports were submitted to the DOE for web hosting and validation Of the ten projects have been web hosted by the DOE for global comments Detailed reports along with the comments from the validator for these projects are expected within one month After incorporation of the comments all the ten projects are expected to submit to UNFCCC for registration immediately for 5 projects ad rest five projects will be submitted for registration after getting HCA

10 Phase- 4: Monitoring and facilitation of all ten projects (Follow up activities, after registration of the project with UNFCCC) Assisting in project monitoring Assisting in selection of DOE for verification Facilitating verification and certification by DOEs Assisting sale of CERs Identification of potential buyers for CERs have been initiated by TERI

11 Follow up activities by UPFD All the documents (PDD, PCN and Stakeholder consultation report) of each forest division should be provided to the respective Divisional i i Forest Officer PDDs must be read by respective DFOs and implemented as suggested in the PDD, particularly Monitoring Plan Plantation within the project area should be managed carefully, since CERs generated through this project will be based on the growth and survival of the plantations in near future Assist DOE and TERI during the validation process in the field Proofs for the start date of the project (1 st January, 2012) should be provided to TERI Copy of Prior Consideration Forms submitted to the UNFCCC and DNA (MoEF) should be provided to TERI A/R CDM Committees already formed should have interaction atleast once in a month Original HCAs should be provided to TERI

12 DETAILS OF CERs Division Area (ha) Annual No. of No. of No. of tree Plantation tcers Total tcers JFMCs Patches species year Allahabad ,13,14 Chitrakoot ,13 Jhansi ,13,14 Kashi ,13,14 Lalitpur ,13,14 Mahoba ,13, Mirzapur ,13,14 Reenukot ,13 Obra ,13 Sonebhadra ,13,14 Sum Average

13 FUTURE SCENARIO OF AR-CDM Commitment under Kyoto Protocol is up to 2015 and renegotiated further in 2015 An agreement to reduce emissions to maintain temperature rise within 2 degree by end of 21 st century All National Governments are expected to take responsibility to reduce the emissions There is no competition between AR-CDM and REDD+ in future The plantations in Forests and out side forests will play role to reduce emissions through AR-CDM and Conservation activities in forests through REDD+) mechanism

14 Tentative cost benefit analysis of the project Tentative Project Cost: 1. Consultation fees for preparation of 10 projects: Rs. 185 lakhs (Actual) 2. Consultation fees for Validator : Rs. 50 lakhs (Approximate) 3. Registration fees at UNFCCC : (5000 USD)= Rs. 25 lakhs (Actual) 4. Monitoring cost :15 lakhs per project per cycle = (15*10*4)= Rs. 600 lakhs (Approximately) 5. Total tentative cost = Rs. 870 lakhs (Approximately) Tentative CERs Cost: Assuming 20 years of rotation cycle, around 6000 t CO2/yr per project and at rate is 3 USD per tcers for each project 1. Tentative CERs Cost: Rs lakhs within 20 years rotation cycle (Approximately) 2. Net Benefit: Rs. 930 lakhs within 20 years rotation cycle (Approximately)

15 Thank you

16 REDD+ : POST COP-19 SCENARIO Institutional Arrangement is limited to annual meeting of national focal points and Funding agencies It started with market based mechanism but now leaning towards fund based Mechanism which require approximately 30 billion US$ annually GCF -100 billion US$ annually by 2020 Last year GFC contains only 6.9 million US$ and during COP-19 S. Korea pledge to contribute 40 million US$ and seven European Governments pledge to contribute US$ 72.5.

17 REDD+ : POST COP-19 SCENARIO Result Based Finance to Developing Countries Provided all safeguards including drivers of deforestation and Forest degradation and rights of FDCs are addressed Finance may come from Bilateral, Multilateral, Public and Private Source National Forest Monitoring System for monitoring and reporting of REDD+ activities guided by IPCC guidelines

18 REDD Plus: Mitigation Instruments REDD+ includes incentives for positive elements of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks Global deforestation and forest degradation 20% of annual greenhouse gas emissions are through deforestation and degradation REDD+ could be one of the cheapest options to mitigate global climate change More forest means more carbon, biodiversity, healthy ecosystem Generate co-benefits Biodiversity conservation Livelihood generation etc Ensure safeguards Social Environmental

19 Working Definition REDD+ REDD Plus is a financial incentive mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, plus signifying positive elements of conservation, SFM, and enhancing carbon stock through afforestation & reforestation, with the potential of sustaining livelihood of Forest Dependent Communities (FDCs), maintenance of ecosystem services and biodiversity conservation with safeguards of people living in and around forests (their rights, governance, and sustainable livelihood)

20 Carbon Pools Above Ground Tree Biomass (AGTB) Below Ground Tree Biomass (BGTB) Deadwoods (DWs) Leaf Litters (LLs) Soil Organic Carbon (SOC)

21 Change in Carbon Stock Project site Area (ha) 1990 (t) 1990 (t/ha) 2012 (t) Carbon Stock 2012 Change Change Change (t/ha) (t) (t/ha) (%) Angul Chhindwara Mussoorie Reenukot Sunderban

22 OBSERVATIONS Forests cannot bear the load of livelihood of all members of the forest- dependent community. There is a need to provide alternative livelihood options through convergence of other schemes of rural development to maintain the harvest of forest produce within sustainable limit. Since there is no documentation regarding quantification of sustainable limit of forest produce, there is need to quantify the sustainable limit of MFPs in the working plans /micro plans.

23 OBSERVATIONS The rights of the community on forests must be respected as the rights under FRA have been assigned in Renukoot, Chhindwara and Angul while in Mussoorie, rights have been assigned through Van Panchayat. The forest dependent communities are heavily dependent on forests for their livelihood and subsistence needs and are causing degradation due to unsustainable harvest of fuel wood, fodder and MFP in a majority of situations.

24 OBSERVATIONS The rights of the community on forests must be respected as the rights under FRA have been assigned in Renukoot, Chhindwara and Angul while in Mussoorie, rights have been assigned through Van Panchayat. The forest dependent communities are heavily dependent on forests for their livelihood and subsistence needs and are causing degradation due to unsustainable harvest of fuel wood, fodder and MFP in a majority of situations.

25 OBSERVATIONS The capacity of the community is to be built with respect of methodology and techniques of biomass assessment. The GIS and remote-sensing support must be provided by the State forest Department. The forest governance model is to be synchronized with the provisions of the Forest Rights Act, The Forest Department should provide technical and legal support to the JFMC/CFMC while implementation and benefit- sharing should be done solely by the community.

26 OBSERVATIONS Since four out of five sites have shown a positive trend with respect to enhancement in the carbon stock, there is potential of trading of enhanced carbon. The carbon may be traded through voluntary market mechanism. Development of Project Design Documents under REDD+ methodology of VCS may be explored for the trading of additional carbon. The existing institutional mechanism should be strengthened with respect to Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) and wherever possible, capacities should be built at the community level. l

27 Future Scenario of REDD+ and CDM The future commitments of each national government to reduce emissions to maintain temperature rise within 2 degree by end of 21 st century The Forests will play role to reduce emissions (CDM and REDD+) mechanism will play role. National Government may compensate the generation of CERs