Timber Resource Statistics For Eastern Oregon, 1999

Transcription

1 Timer Resource Sttistics For Estern Oregon, 1999 Dvid L. Azum, Pul A. Dunhm, Bruce A. Hiserote, nd Chrles F. Veneklse Resource Bulletin PNW-RB-238 Octoer 2004 REVISED United Sttes Deprtment of Agriculture Forest Service Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion

2 Authors Dvid L. Azum is reserch forester, Pul A. Dunhm is forester, Bruce A. Hiserote is forester, nd Chrles F. Veneklse is computer specilist, Forestry Sciences Lortory, P.O. Box 3890, Portlnd, OR

3 Astrct Summry Prefce Azum, Dvid L.; Dunhm, Pul A.; Hiserote, Bruce A.; Veneklse, Chrles F Timer resource sttistics for estern Oregon, Rev. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-238. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion. 42 p. This report is summry of timer resource sttistics for estern Oregon, which includes Bker, Crook, Deschutes, Gillim, Grnt, Hrney, Jefferson, Klmth, Lke, Mlheur, Morrow, Shermn, Umtill, Union, Wllow, Wsco, nd Wheeler Counties. Dt were collected s prt of sttewide multiresource inventory. The inventory smpled ll privte nd pulic lnds except those dministered y the Ntionl Forest System. The Ntionl Forest System provided re sttistics from their regionl inventories of the vrious forests. Sttisticl tles summrize ll ownerships nd provide estimtes of lnd re, timer volume, growth, mortlity, nd hrvest. Keywords: Forest surveys, forest inventory, sttistics (forest), timer resources, resources (forest), estern Oregon. Estern Oregon hs n estimted 42.2 million cres of lnd. Aout 32 percent of this lnd is forested with 76 percent of the forested portion eing nonreserved timerlnd. Aout 71 percent of the timerlnd exists on Ntionl Forest System lnds. Within the timerlnd re outside of ntionl forests, net volume of growing stock is estimted s 3.5 illion cuic feet. Aout 41 percent of the growing-stock volume is on forest industry lnd, 48 percent on other privte lnd, nd 11 percent on other pulic lnd. Approximtely 99 percent of the totl growing-stock volume is in coniferous species, with ponderos pine ccounting for 43 percent followed y Dougls-fir t 22 percent of the conifer volume. Estimted net nnul growth of growing stock for nonfederl lnds is 59 million cuic feet, nd verge nnul mortlity for this timer is n estimted 45 million cuic feet. Forest Inventory nd Anlysis (FIA) is ntionwide progrm of the USDA Forest Service uthorized y the Forest nd Rngelnd Renewle Resources Reserch Act of Work units, locted t Forest Service reserch nd experiment sttions, conduct forest resource inventories throughout the 50 sttes. The FIA Progrm of the Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion in Portlnd, Oregon, is responsile for forest inventories in Alsk, Cliforni, Hwii, Oregon, nd Wshington. i

4 Contents v Counties in Estern Oregon 1 Introduction 1 Inventory Procedures (Nonfederl Lnds) 2 Lnd nd Wter Are Updted 2 Chnge in Ownership Definitions 2 Anlysis of Chnge Between Inventories for Nonfederl Lnds 2 Highlights 3 Reliility of Inventory Dt 4 Terminology 9 Nmes of Trees 10 Acknowledgments 10 Metric Equivlents 10 Literture Cited ii

5 List of Tles Tle 1 Estimted lnd re, y county, lnd clss, nd dministrtive sttus, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 2 Estimted re of reserved timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, nd other forest lnd, y forest type, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 3 Estimted re of timerlnd, y county nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 4 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y county nd forest type, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 5 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y county nd stndsize clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 6 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 7 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner clss, stnd-size clss, nd forest type group, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 8 Estimted re of timerlnd, y cuic-foot site clss nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 9 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd stnd-size clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 10 Estimted numer of growing-stock trees on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 11 Estimted net volume of growing stock nd swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y clss of timer, owner clss, nd species group, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 12 Estimted net volume of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 13 Estimted net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 14 Estimted net volume of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 15 Estimted net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 16 Estimted net volume of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd stnd-size clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 17 Estimted net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd stnd-size clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 18 Estimted net volume of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 19 Estimted net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 20 Estimted net volume of timer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y clss of timer nd species group, estern Oregon, 1999 iii

6 Tle 21 Estimted current gross nnul growth of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner clss nd species group, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 22 Estimted current net nnul growth of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 23 Estimted current net nnul growth of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 24 Estimted verge nnul mortlity of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 25 Estimted verge nnul mortlity of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 26 Estimted re, net volume of growing stock nd net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y stnd ge nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 27 Estimted gross nnul growth, verge nnul mortlity, nd verge nnul removls of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner nd species, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 28 Estimted gross nnul growth, verge nnul mortlity, nd verge nnul removls of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner nd species, estern Oregon, 1999 Tle 29 Estimted chnges in re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner clss, estern Oregon, 1988, 1999 Tle 30 Estimted chnges in net volume of growing stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species group nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1988, 1999 Tle 31 Estimted chnges in net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species group nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1988, 1999 Tle 32 Estimted timer hrvest volume y yer nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1962 to 2000 iv

7 v

8 Introduction Inventory Procedures (Nonfederl Lnds) The Forest Inventory nd Anlysis (FIA) unit of the Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion conducted multiresource inventory in estern Oregon s forests in 1998 nd This inventory included ll lnds except those dministered y the USDA Forest Service. This report summrizes the timer resource sttistics for estern Oregon s forests. Some sttisticl tles include inventory dt provided y the USDA Forest Service for re on their lnds. Other resources smpled ut not included in this report include understory vegettion, crown cover, corse woody deris, nd sngs. These dt will led to further nlysis of the sttus of estern Oregon s forests. The FIA unit hs een reporting sttistics for estern Oregon since the 1930s. Bolsinger nd Berger (1975), Frrenkopf (1982), nd Gedney et l. (1989) reported inventory sttistics in the 1960s, 1970s nd 1980s, respectively. The current smpling system is systemtic grid of plots implemented in the erly 1960s. McKy et l. (1994) used n updted 1992 dt set to report the ltest forest sttistics for estern Oregon. This report contins sttisticl tles tht provide current estimtes of forest lnd re, numer of trees, timer volume, growth, mortlity, nd hrvest. In severl tles, dt supplied for the 1997 Resources Plnning Act (RPA) (Smith et l. 2001) y the Ntionl Forest System re incorported. Estimtes re provided of chnge in volume nd re of nonfederl lnds etween the 1980s nd the present inventory. Chnge estimtes re not ville for federl lnds. The ntionl forest sttistics include res tht re withdrwn from full production ut still meet the FIA definition of timerlnd. Ntionl forest lnds re not ll eqully ville for timer production owing to vrious mngement decisions. Estern Oregon ws inventoried y using doule smpling for strtifiction scheme (Cochrn 1977). The smpling is implemented on permnent systemtic grid producing n even geogrphic distriution of oth secondry (field) nd primry (photo) plots cross the stte. Photo plots re plced t rndom inside ech squre of the grid. The primry smple for estern Oregon consists of grid of nerly 70,000 points estlished in 1987 y using eril photogrphy from 1982 with some updtes from Dt collected on ech point included, ut were not limited to, lnd use, plnt community, nd stge of development. For conifer stnds, percentge of crown cover nd height code lso were collected. The primry smple is used for the strtifiction of the secondry smple points to increse the precision of estimtes. The secondry smple consisted of 4,378 forest nd nonforest field loctions estlished in previous inventories nd remesured or reclssified in the period. This smple represents out 1 in 16 susmple of the primry grid. The rtio of 1 field to 16 photo plots provides sufficient numer of plots to meet the required smpling precision for estimtes of forest re nd volume. The ntionl forest plots were tken on similr grid system with different plot design (Mx et. l 1996). The dt were collected for these inventories etween 1993 nd The 1998 FIA inventory lso included reserved lnds, which were excluded from previous FIA inventories. The mjor ddition is from Crter Lke Ntionl Prk with out 220,000 cres. In 1986, cluster of five suplots covering n re of out 8 cres ws instlled t timerlnd grid loctions. At tht time, the cluster of suplots smpled single homogeneous condition, y moving suplots into the condition if necessry. At ech suplot, vrile-rdius smpling ws used to select trees over 5 inches dimeter t rest height (d..h.), nd fixed-rdius plot ws used to smple seedlings nd splings. 1

9 Lnd nd Wter Are Updted Chnge in Ownership Definitions Anlysis of Chnge Between Inventories for Nonfederl Lnds Highlights In 1998, the smpling design ws modified to remove potentil is inherent in the 1986 procedures. The term condition clss ws defined for the modified design to identify different situtions tht could occur on plot. A condition clss, or condition, refers to n re with distinct lnd clss (timerlnd, woodlnd, nonforest, etc.) nd vegettive condition (forest type, stnd ge, etc.). The modified design requires tht ll suplots for cluster (the plot) remin fixed. For plots tht strddle two or more conditions, we now smple ll conditions y mpping the oundries round ech condition essentilly sudividing the plot. The informtion pertinent to ech condition ws recorded s condition clss ttriutes. When multiple conditions exist on plot, ll dt in one condition re processed together. This cn impct the mount of informtion ville for clssifying stnd chrcteristics, such s forest type, stnd size, nd stnd ge. For exmple, on 4,378 secondry smple loctions outside of ntionl forest lnds in the 1998 inventory, 4,768 condition clsses were smpled, of which 586 were timerlnd conditions. On the 464 plots tht contined timerlnd condition, rods were the most common nonforest condition followed y grsslnd steppe or high desert shru lnd. The Bureu of the Census compiles nd pulishes the re of lnd nd wter in the United Sttes every 10 yers. These re figures, ville y stte nd county, re ccepted nd used y FIA in Portlnd s the gross numer of cres to e inventoried in ech county. The previous inventory ws sed on 1980 census dt, nd the current inventory uses 1990 census figures. Rster-scnned U.S. Geologicl Survey topogrphic mps nd geogrphic informtion system re now used y the Bureu of the Census to identify wter odies nd lndforms nd to determine the size of res much smller thn ws possile previously. As result, the definition of inlnd wter ws chnged to reflect the finer resolution: strems with minimum width of 200 feet re now recognized, compred to 660 feet in 1980; nd smll wter odies re now t lest 4.5 cres in size, compred to 40 cres in the pst. Lnds owned y Ntive Americns re now clssified s other privte. In the 1988 inventory, these lnds were defined s other pulic. Forest industry is no longer divided into two ctegories: forest industry with mills or forest industry without mills ; insted oth re now clssed s forest industry. To nlyze chnge in forest sttistics, the 1987 dt were recompiled to ccount for technicl chnges in the inventory. The summries presented in tles 29 through 31 hve een developed from remesured plots outside of Ntionl Forest System lnds nd include recompiled dt from the 1987 inventory. Volume in the chnge tles is sed on trees tht were either mesured twice, or mesured for the first time in the inventory nd were projected ckwrd for the 1987 vlues. Cution should e used in compring present sttistics nd those pulished y Gedney et l. (1989), ecuse of the procedurl chnges. Access ws denied on nd trees were not projected forwrd from the previous inventory on 137,000 cres representing pproximtely 197 million cuic feet in the 1988 inventory. The volume nd re for these plots re shown s losses in the re nd volume chnge tles. These lnds re not ctully withdrwn from the resource se ut re reported s losses for comprison purposes. Ntionl forest timer hrvests hve drmticlly declined in the 1990s. From 1970 to 1989, timer hrvest volume from ntionl forests verged 1.16 illion ord feet per yer. Tht numer dropped to 0.47 illion per yer etween 1990 nd 2000, with n verge of 0.24 illion from 1994 to 2000, decrese of 79 percent from the 1970 to 1989 period. 2

10 Reliility of Inventory Dt Privte lnds, composing only 28 percent of the timerlnd in estern Oregon, produced on verge, 34 percent of the hrvest volume per yer in the 1980s, nd 62 percent from 1990 to There hs een decline in stnding volume on privte lnds from the 1988 inventory of 4.7 to 3.5 illion cuic feet in In the lst 11 yers, periodic removls re out 2.5 percent greter thn the periodic gross growth. If mortlity is included s lost volume, the volume lost is 27 percent greter thn growth. Less thn 3 percent of timerlnd outside of the Ntionl Forest System hs lrge swtimer size clss (verge stnd d..h. greter thn 21 inches). Of forest industry timerlnd, 56 percent hs smll swtimer size clss (verge stnd d..h. etween 9 nd 21 inches); the percentge for other lnds outside of ntionl forests is 69 percent. The smll swtimer size clss ccounts for 83 percent of the growing-stock volume nd 87 percent of the swtimer volume in estern Oregon. There ws little net chnge in lnd use in estern Oregon etween 1988 nd An estimted 50,000 cres of the 2.9 million timerlnd cres went to nother lnd use, 32,000 cres going to urn uses nd the rest to rods. An estimted 40,000 cres moved into the timerlnd clss; most of these res hd mrginl tree stocking t the previous inventory. The timer volume ssocited with plots leving timerlnd designtion ws out 95 million cuic feet; the volume on lnd ecoming timerlnd ws out 3 million cuic feet. The net loss in volume is much more sustntil thn the loss in cres. Access ws denied to out 137,000 cres in the 1998 inventory. Inventories re designed to provide smpling errors consistent with ntionl stndrds set y the USDA Forest Service. The trget smpling errors for totl timerlnd re re 3 percent per million cres, nd 10 percent per illion cuic feet of growing-stock volume. The smple design for this inventory provides the highest precision when estimtes re ggregted for ll of estern Oregon. As the smple is divided into smller units, the confidence intervls increse s proportion of the estimte. Confidence intervls re quntittive expressions of the vriility inherent in the smpling nd estimtion procedures. The tultion elow indictes, for instnce, 68-percent (one stndrd error) chnce tht the true timerlnd re outside of ntionl forest (estimted t 2,945,000 cres) is within the rnge of 2,867,000 to 3,023,000 cres. Are estimtes nd stndrd errors for timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner clss, re displyed elow: Owner Timerlnd re Net volume Thousnd cres Million cuic feet Other pulic 236±30 428±78 Forest industry 1,603±75 1,558±99 Other privte 1,105±74 1,839±148 All owners 2,945±78 3,825±184 3

11 Confidence intervls vry with the size of the estimte nd the mount of vrince ssocited with the estimte. The following is set of pproximte confidence intervls clculted y using regression nlysis etween ctul stndrd error nd the estimte involved. These pproximte intervls llow the user to estimte the error round ll vlues in the following tles. These regressions hve r-squre vlues greter thn 0.80, indicting tht 80 percent of the vrince in the reltion ws explined y the eqution. The ctul error estimtes for cells in tles cn e otined from the Portlnd FIA unit. Timerlnd re Growing-stock volume Estimte Confidence intervl Estimte Confidence intervl Thousnd cres Percent Million cuic feet Percent 3,000 ±93 3 6,000 ± ,000 ±76 4 4,000 ± ,500 ±66 4 2,000 ± ,000 ±54 5 1,000 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±5 99 Terminology Aville other forest lnd Forest lnd incple of growing 20 cuic feet per cre per yer (men nnul increment t culmintion in fully stocked, nturl stnds) of industril wood ecuse of dverse conditions such s sterile soils, dry climte, poor dringe, sulpine sites, steepness, or rockiness ut ville for hrvest. Bureu of Lnd Mngement lnd Lnd dministered y the U.S. Deprtment of the Interior, Bureu of Lnd Mngement. Clss of timer A clssifiction of trees s growing stock, cull, nd slvle ded. Growing-stock trees re divided into poletimer nd swtimer trees. Condition clss A mpped re on plot with distinct lnd clss (for exmple, timerlnd, ok woodlnd, nonforest) or distinct vegettive condition (for exmple, forest type, stnd size). The condition identified t plot center is the only condition tht is remesured nd used for the nlysis of periodic chnge. County nd municipl lnds Lnds owned y county nd other municiplities. Cull trees Live trees of noncommercil species, nd live trees of commercil species tht re more thn 75 percent defective. Noncommercil species re junipers, Pcific yew, Pcific dogwood, pple, nd willow. Cull trees re not growing-stock trees. Cull trees, rotten Cull trees with defect cused primrily y rot. Cull trees, sound Trees of noncommercil species or cull trees of commercil species with defect cused primrily y poor form nd roughness. 4

12 Dimeter clss A clssifiction of trees sed on dimeter outside the rk mesured t rest height, 4½ feet ove the ground. The common revition for dimeter t rest height is d..h. Trees re grouped into 2-inch clsses up to 21 inches d..h., fter which the clss intervls ecome roder. Even-ged stnds Stnds where 70 percent or more of the tree stocking flls within three djcent 10-yer ge clsses. Frmer-owned lnds Lnds owned y the opertors of frms. Forest industry lnds Lnds owned y compnies tht grow timer for industril use. Includes compnies oth with nd without wood processing plnts. Forest lnd Lnd t lest 10 percent stocked with live trees, or lnd tht hd this minimum tree stocking in the pst nd is not currently developed for nonforest use. The minimum re recognized is 1 cre. Forest types Stnds re ssigned pure softwood, pure hrdwood, softwood-hrdwood mix, or hrdwood-softwood mix. Stnds with 70 percent or more of the stocking in live softwood trees re clssified s pure softwood types nd re ssigned the type nme of the softwood species with the gretest stocking mong ll softwoods on the condition clss plot. Stnds with 70 percent or more of the stocking in live hrdwood trees re clssified s pure hrdwood types nd re ssigned the type nme of the hrdwood species with the gretest stocking mong ll hrdwoods on the condition clss plot. Mixed species types re ssigned if softwood stocking is etween 31 to 69 percent totl stocking on the plot: stnds with 50 to 69 percent of the stocking in live softwood trees re clssed s softwood-hrdwood types, nd receive type nme tht includes the softwood species with the gretest softwood stocking, followed y the hrdwood species with the gretest hrdwood stocking; stnds with 51 to 69 percent of the stocking in live hrdwood trees re clssed s hrdwood-softwood types, nd receive type nme tht includes the hrdwood species with the gretest hrdwood stocking, followed y the softwood species with the gretest softwood stocking. For ese in reporting, the secondry forest type will e identified fter slsh s softwood or hrdwood in the summry tles Growing-stock trees All live trees except cull trees (see cull trees ). Growing-stock volume Net volume in cuic feet of live swtimer nd poletimer growing-stock trees from the top of stump 12 inches tll to minimum 4-inch top (of centrl stem) inside the rk. Net volume is gross volume less deductions for rot nd missing ole sections. Growth, current net nnul, growing stock The increse in growing-stock volume on timerlnd during the lst yer of the period etween the previous nd current inventories. Components of current net nnul growth for growing-stock volume include () the increment in net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees live t the eginning of the yer nd surviving to yer end; plus () ingrowth, the net volume of growing-stock trees reching poletimer or swtimer size during the yer; minus (c) mortlity, the net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees tht died during the yer. Growth, current net nnul, swtimer The increse in swtimer volume on timerlnd during the lst yer of the period etween the previous nd current inventories. Components of current net nnul growth for swtimer volume include () the increment 5

13 in net volume of swtimer trees live t the eginning of the yer nd surviving to yer end; plus () ingrowth, the net volume of trees reching swtimer size during the yer; minus (c) mortlity, the net volume of swtimer trees tht died during the yer. Growth, periodic gross, growing stock The increse in growing-stock volume etween the previous nd current inventories tht is ttriutle to incresing tree size. Periodic gross growth includes () the increment in net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees live t oth the previous nd current inventories; () the increment in net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees live t the previous inventory nd hrvested etween inventories; nd (c) ingrowth, the net volume of growing-stock trees reching poletimer or swtimer size etween inventories. Growth, periodic gross, swtimer The increse in swtimer volume etween the previous nd current inventories tht is ttriutle to incresing tree size. Periodic gross growth includes () the increment in net volume of swtimer trees live t oth the previous nd current inventories; () the increment in net volume of swtimer trees live t the previous inventory nd hrvested etween inventories; nd (c) ingrowth, the net volume of trees reching swtimer size etween inventories. Hrdwoods Nonconiferous trees, usully rodleved. See Nmes of Trees for list of hrdwood species in this report. Industril wood All commercil roundwood products except fuelwood. Roundwood includes logs or olts tht re in stright sections t lest 8 feet long for hrdwoods nd 12 feet long for softwoods. Lnd re Are reported s lnd y the Bureu of the Census (U.S. Deprtment of Commerce 1990). Totl lnd re includes dry lnd nd lnd temporrily or prtilly covered y wter, such s mrshes, swmps, nd river flood plins; strems, sloughs, nd cnls less thn 200 feet wide; nd lkes, reservoirs, nd ponds less thn 4.5 cres in re. Lnd clss A clssifiction of lnd y mjor use. The minimum re for clssifiction is 1 cre. Men nnul increment (MAI) t culmintion A mesure of the productivity of forest lnd expressed s the verge increse in cuic-foot volume per cre per yer. For given species nd site index, the men is sed on the ge t which the MAI culmintes for fully stocked nturl stnds. The MAI is sed on the site index of the plot. Mortlity, verge nnul, growing stock The nnul net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees tht died etween the previous nd current inventories. Mortlity, verge nnul, swtimer The nnul net volume of swtimer trees tht died etween the previous nd current inventories. Mortlity, periodic, growing stock The net volume of poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees tht died etween the previous nd current inventories not including removls. Ntionl forest lnds Federl lnds tht hve een designted y Executive order or sttute s ntionl forest or purchse units nd other lnds under the dministrtion of the U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, including experimentl res nd Bnkhed-Jones Title III lnds. 6

14 Ntive Americn lnds Tril lnds, nd llotted lnds held in trust y the federl government. Ntive Americn lnds re grouped with frmer nd miscellneous privte lnds s other privte lnds. Net volume Gross volume less deductions for sound nd rotten defects. Growingstock net volume is gross cuic-foot volume less deductions for rot nd missing ole sections on poletimer nd swtimer growing-stock trees. Swtimer net volume is gross ord-foot volume less deductions for rot, sweep, crook, missing ole sections, nd other defects tht ffect the use of swtimer trees for lumer. Noncommercil species A tree species not commonly used for industril wood products: junipers, Pcific yew, Pcific dogwood, pple, nd willow. Noncommercil species will not e included in growing-stock volume tles; however, if one or more of these species dominte on plot, the forest type might e clssified s noncommercil species. Nonforest lnd Lnd tht hs never supported forests or formerly ws forested nd currently is developed for nonforest uses. Included re lnds used for griculturl crops, Christms tree frms, cottonwood plnttions, improved psture, residentil res, city prks, constructed rods, operting rilrods nd their right-of-wy clerings, powerline nd pipeline clerings, strems more thn 30 feet wide, nd 1- to 40-cre res of wter clssified y the Bureu of the Census, U.S. Deprtment of Commerce, s lnd. If intermingled in forest res, unimproved rods nd other nonforest strips must e more thn 120 feet wide, nd clerings or other res must e 1 cre or lrger to qulify s nonforest lnd. Nonstocked res Timerlnd less thn 10 percent stocked with live trees. Recent clercuts scheduled for plnting re clssified s nonstocked re. Other privte lnds Privte lnds not owned y forest industry. Ntive Americn lnds, frmer-owned lnds, nd miscellneous privte lnds re included. Other pulic lnds Lnds dministered y pulic gencies other thn the U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service nd U.S. Deprtment of the Interior, Bureu of Lnd Mngement. Other pulic lnds do not include Ntive Americn lnds, which re included with other privte lnds. Poletimer stnds Stnds with qudrtic men dimeter (men dimeter weighted y sl re) from 5.0 to 9.0 inches t rest height if softwood stnd nd from 5.0 to 11.0 inches t rest height if hrdwood stnd. Poletimer trees Live growing-stock trees of commercil species tht re 5.0 inches in d..h. or lrger ut smller thn swtimer trees. Reserved other forest Forest lnd incple of growing 20 cuic feet per cre per yer (men nnul increment t culmintion in fully stocked, nturl stnds) of industril wood tht hs een dedicted to noncommodity use through sttute, ordinnce, or dministrtive order. Reserved timerlnd Forest lnd cple of growing 20 cuic feet or more per cre per yer (men nnul increment t culmintion in fully stocked, nturl stnds) of industril wood tht hs een dedicted to noncommodity use through sttute, ordinnce, or dministrtive order. Roundwood Logs, olts, or other round sections cut from trees. Spling nd seedling stnds Stnds with qudrtic men dimeter (men dimeter weighted y sl re) less thn 5.0 inches t rest height. 7

15 Spling nd seedling trees Live trees of commercil species tht re less thn 5.0 inches in d..h. with minimum height of 6.0 inches nd hve no diseses, defects, or deformities likely to prevent their ecoming poletimer trees. Splings hve minimum dimeter of 1.0 inch. Sw-log portion The ole of swtimer trees etween the stump nd the sw-log top. Sw-log top is 7.0 inches in dimeter outside rk on softwoods nd 9.0 inches in dimeter outside rk on hrdwoods. Swtimer stnds Stnds with qudrtic men dimeter (men dimeter weighted y sl re) 9.0 inches nd lrger t rest height if softwood stnd nd 11.0 inches nd lrger t rest height if hrdwood stnd. Smll swtimer stnds re swtimer stnds with men dimeter (weighted y sl re) less thn 21.0 inches t rest height. Lrge swtimer stnds re swtimer stnds tht hve men dimeter 21.0 inches or lrger t rest height. Swtimer trees Live softwood trees of commercil species t lest 9.0 inches in d..h. nd live hrdwood trees of commercil species t lest 11.0 inches in d..h. At lest 25 percent of the ord-foot volume in swtimer tree must e free from defect. Softwood trees must contin t lest one 12-foot sw log with top dimeter of not less thn 7 inches outside rk; hrdwood trees must contin t lest one 8-foot sw log with top dimeter of not less thn 9 inches outside rk. Swtimer volume Net volume of swtimer trees mesured in ord feet. Softwood volume is estimted from the top of stump 12 inches tll up to minimum 6-inch top dimeter, inside rk, nd hrdwood volume is estimted from the top of stump 12 inches tll up to minimum 8-inch top dimeter, inside rk. Net swtimer volume equls gross volume less deduction for rot, sweep, crook, nd other defects tht ffect use for lumer. Scriner rule The common ord-foot log rule used loclly in estern Oregon to determine swtimer volume. Scriner volume is estimted in terms of 16-foot logs for softwoods nd hrdwoods. See Swtimer volume for utiliztion limits. Site clss A clssifiction of the potentil productivity of forest lnd expressed s men nnul increment (MAI) t culmintion in fully stocked nturl stnds. Six clsses in this report re sed on rnge of MAI vlues tht were clculted on every plot. Site index A mesure of the productivity of forest lnd expressed s the verge height of dominnt nd codominnt trees t specified ge. Softwoods Coniferous trees, usully evergreen, with needles or sclelike leves. See Nmes of Trees for list of softwood species in this report. Stnd ge The 10-yer ge clss tht est chrcterizes the stnd. See even-ged stnd nd uneven-ged stnd for more detils. Stnd-size clss A clssifiction of stnds sed on tree size. Stnd-size clsses re swtimer, poletimer, nd spling-seedling stnds. Stte lnds Lnds owned y sttes or dministered y stte gencies. Timer hrvest Volume of roundwood removed from forest lnd for products. Timer hrvest sttistics reported in tle 32 were collected y the Oregon Deprtment of Forestry. 8

16 Nmes of Trees Timer volume Includes the net volume in cuic feet of poletimer nd swtimer trees nd slvle ded swtimer trees, nd the net volume in cuic feet of cull trees of commercil species. In tle 17, the volume of cull trees includes the gross volume of noncommercil species. Volume is mesured from the top of stump 12 inches tll to minimum 4-inch top dimeter, inside rk. Timerlnd Forest lnd cple of growing 20 cuic feet or more per cre per yer (men nnul increment t culmintion in fully stocked, nturl stnds) of industril wood nd not in reserved sttus through removl of the re from timer utiliztion y sttute, ordinnce, or dministrtive order; nd not in withdrwn sttus where it is pending considertion for reserved sttus. Uneven-ged stnds Stnds where less thn 70 percent of the tree stocking flls in three djcent 10-yer ge clsses. Upper stem portion The ole of swtimer trees ove the sw-log top 7.0 inches dimeter outside rk for softwoods nd 9.0 inches dimeter outside rk for hrdwoods to minimum top dimeter of 4.0 inches inside rk, or to the point where the centrl stem divides into lims. Common nme Scientific nme 1 Softwood: Dougls-fir Pseudotsug menziesii (Mir.) Frnco Engelmnn spruce Pice engelmnnii Prry ex Engelm. Grnd fir Aies grndis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Incense-cedr Clocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin Jeffrey pine Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Blf. Lodgepole pine Pinus contort Dougl. ex Loud. Mountin hemlock Tsug mertensin (Bong.) Crr. Nole fir Aies procer Rehd. Pcific silver fir Aies milis Dougl. ex Fores Pcific yew Txus revifoli Nutt. Ponderos pine Pinus ponderos Dougl. ex Lws. Shst red fir Aies shstensis (Lemmon) Sulpine fir Aies lsiocrp (Hook.) Nutt. Sugr pine Pinus lmertin Dougl. Western hemlock Tsug heterophyll (Rf.) Srg. Western juniper Juniperus occidentlis Hook. Western lrch Lrix occidentlis Nutt. Western redcedr Thuj plict Donn ex D. Don Western white pine Pinus monticol Dougl. ex D. Don White fir Aies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hilder. Whiterk pine Pinus liculis Engelm. Hrdwoods: Blck cottonwood Populus trichocrp (Torr. & Gry) Cherry Prunus spp. Oregon white ok Quercus grryn Dougl. ex Hook. Quking spen Populus tremuloides Michx. White lder Alnus rhomifoli Nutt. Willow Slix spp. 1 Nomenclture per Little (1979). 9

17 Acknowledgments Metric Equivlents Literture Cited Mny people were involved in the collection of dt nd the design of the inventory. Thnks go to the dt collection stff: Brett Anderson, Christin Anthony, Joy Archulet, Dle Ber, Jennifer Bker, Del Brge, Adm Blckwood, Steve Bolon, Srh Butler, Perry Colclsure, Shun Curtis, Brin Dum, Sestien DeLion, Peter DelZotto, Pul Dunhm, Szilrd Frks, Perttu Finni, Andrei Fiodorov, Jennifer Gomoll, Wlter Growiecki, Eric Hnson, Klle Hrkonen, Srh Hedrich, Mike Hogn, Ellie Husk, Jri Jokinen, Dn Ktz, Juh Kuppil, Kim Kuhne, J.D. Lloyd, Kitty McCovey, Tom Mede, Cecili Meyers, Scott Nelson, Dominic Ortiz, Mikko Pivinen, Meliss Ptterson, Aimee Porcro, Bo Rhods, Tony Rodriguez, Sm Solno, Julie Theil, Chuck Veneklse, Mrk Weer, nd Len Zeoli. Thnks to Drius Adms, Chuck Bolsinger, Steve Firwether, Mike Huschmnn, nd Gry Lettmn, who provided vlule reviews. Dle Weyermnn provided the mps nd Pul Dunhm the cover photogrph. A specil thnks to the mny lndowners who llowed field crews on their lnds to visit plots nd mesure trees. 1 cre = hectre 1 cre = squre meters 1,000 cres = hectres 1,000 cuic feet = 28.3 cuic meters 1 cuic foot per cre = 0.07 cuic meter per hectre 1 foot = meter 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters 1 mile = kilometers Bolsinger, C.L.; Berger, J.M The timer resources of the Blue Mountin re, Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-57. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Forest nd Rnge Experiment Sttion. 62 p. Cochrn, W.G Smpling techniques. 3 rd ed. New York: John Wiley nd Sons. 413 p. Frrenkopf, T.O Forest sttistics for estern Oregon, Resour. Bull. PNW-94. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Forest nd Rnge Experiment Sttion. 28 p. Gedney, D.; Azum, D.L.; Bolsinger, C.L.; McKy, N Western juniper in estern Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-464. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion. 53 p. Gedney, D.R.; Bssett, P.M.; Mei, M.A Timer resource sttistics for ll forest lnd, except ntionl forests in estern Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-164. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion. 25 p. Little, E.L., Jr Checklist of United Sttes trees (ntive nd nturlized). Agric. Hnd Wshington, DC: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service. 375 p. 10

18 Mx, T.A.; Schreuder, H.T.; Hzrd, J.W. [et l.] The Pcific Northwest Region vegettion nd inventory monitoring system. Res. Pp. PNW-RP-493. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion. 22 p. McKy, N.; Lettmn, G.J.; Mei, M.A Timer resource sttistics for timerlnd outside ntionl forests in estern Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-203. Portlnd, OR: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pcific Northwest Reserch Sttion. 40 p. Smith, W.B.; Vissge, J.S.; Drr, D.R.; Sheffield, R.M Forest resources of the United Sttes, Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-219. St. Pul, MN: U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Centrl Reserch Sttion. 190 p. U.S. Deprtment of Commerce census of popultion. Volume 1: Chrcteristics of the popultion. Prt 1: United Sttes summry. Wshington, DC. 11

19 Tle 1 Estimted lnd re, y county, lnd clss, nd dministrtive sttus, estern Oregon, 1999 Forest lnd Aville Reserved Aville Reserved other other Totl Non- County timerlnd timerlnd forest forest forest forest All lnd c Thousnd cres Bker ,214 1,964 Crook ,907 Deschutes , ,932 Gillim Grnt 1, , ,898 Hrney ,633 6,486 Jefferson ,140 Klmth 2, , ,804 Lke 1, ,498 3,709 5,207 Mlheur ,244 6,328 Morrow ,094 1,301 Shermn Umtill ,454 2,058 Union ,303 Wllow , ,013 Wsco ,524 Wheeler ,097 Totl 10,306 1,355 3, ,823 27,434 42,260 = less thn 500 cres. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Includes dt for the ntionl forests from their regionl surveys, sumitted to 1997 RPA, Smith et l Includes estimtes for western juniper forests from Gedney et l c Source: U.S. Deprtment of Commerce

20 Tle 2 Estimted re of reserved timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, nd other forest lnd, y forest type, estern Oregon, 1999 Other forest Reserved Forest type timerlnd Aville Reserved Totl Thousnd cres Softwood: Dougls-fir Engelmnn spruce 2 2 Incense-cedr 8 8 Lodgepole pine Mountin hemlock Ponderos pine Shst red fir Western juniper 2, ,245 White fir Totl 142 2, ,811 Hrdwood: Blck cottonwood 7 7 Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl Nonstocked All types 144 2, ,854 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Juniper re from Gedney et l

21 Tle 3 Estimted re of timerlnd, y county nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Pulic Privte Bureu of Ntionl Lnd Totl Forest Ntive Miscellneous Totl All County forest Mngement Stte County pulic industry Americn privte privte owners Thousnd cres Bker Crook Deschutes Gillim Grnt 1, , ,495 Hrney Jefferson Klmth 1, , ,303 Lke ,180 Mlheur Morrow Shermn Umtill Union Wllow Wsco Wheeler Totl 7, ,597 1, ,707 10,304 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Includes dt for ntionl forests from their regionl surveys sumitted for 1997 RPA, Smith et l

22 Tle 4 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y county nd forest type, estern regon, 1999 County Forest type Bker Crook Deschutes Gillim Grnt Hrney Jefferson Klmth Lke Mlheur Morrow Shermn Umtill Union Wllow Wsco Wheeler Totl Thousnd cres Softwood: Dougls-fir Engelmnn spruce Grnd fir Incense-cedr Lodgepole pine Mountin hemlock Ponderos pine ,246 Shst red fir 7 7 Western hemlock 7 7 Western juniper Western lrch White fir Totl ,716 Hrdwood: Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl Nonstocked All types ,945 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. 15

23 Tle 5 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y county nd stnd-size clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Lrge Smll Seedling- All County swtimer swtimer Poletimer spling Nonstocked clsses Thousnd cres Bker Crook Deschutes Gillim Grnt Hrney Jefferson Klmth Lke Mlheur 8 8 Morrow Shermn Umtill Union Wllow Wsco Wheeler Totl 70 1, ,945 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Nonstocked res re less thn 10 percent stocked with live trees. 16

24 Tle 6 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Other Forest Other All Forest type pulic industry privte owners Thousnd cres Softwood: Dougls-fir Engelmnn spruce Grnd fir Incense-cedr Lodgepole pine Mountin hemlock Ponderos pine ,246 Shst red fir 7 7 Western hemlock 7 7 Western juniper Western lrch White fir Totl 208 1, ,716 Hrdwood: Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl Nonstocked All types 236 1,603 1,105 2,945 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Nonstocked res re less thn 10 percent stocked with live trees. 17

25 Tle 7 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y owner clss, stnd-size clss, nd forest type group, estern Oregon, 1999 Other Forest Other All Stnd-size clss pulic industry privte owners Thousnd cres Lrge swtimer: Softwood Hrdwood Totl Smll swtimer: Softwood ,825 Hrdwood Totl ,825 Poletimer: Softwood Hrdwood Totl Seedlings nd splings: Softwood Hrdwood Totl All stnd-size clsses: Softwood 207 1, ,716 Hrdwood Nonstocked Totl 236 1,603 1,105 2,945 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Stnd-size clss nd forest type group were not determined for nonstocked stnds. Nonstocked res re less thn 10 percent stocked with live trees. 18

26 Tle 8 Estimted re of timerlnd, y cuic-foot site clss nd owner clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Site clss (cuic feet) Owner All clsses Thousnd cres Ntionl forest ,605 4,255 1,266 7,360 Other pulic Forest industry ,603 Other privte ,105 All owners ,805 5,275 2,930 10,304 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Site clss is the men nnul increment cuic-foot growth per cre t culmintion in fully stocked, nturl stnds. 19

27 Tle 9 Estimted re of timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y forest type nd stnd-size clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Lrge Smll Seedling- All Forest type swtimer swtimer Poletimer spling clsses Thousnd cres Softwood: Dougls-fir Engelmnn spruce Grnd fir Incense-cedr Lodgepole pine Mountin hemlock Ponderos pine ,246 Shst red fir Western hemlock 7 7 Western juniper Western lrch White fir Totl 70 1, ,716 Hrdwood: Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl Nonstocked All types 70 1, ,945 = less thn 500 cres found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Nonstocked res re less thn 10 percent stocked with live trees. 20

28 Tle 10 Estimted numer of growing-stock trees on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Dimeter clss (inches t rest height) All Species clsses Thousnd trees Softwood: Dougls-fir 26,434 16,307 13,389 11,531 8,619 7,069 4,572 2,753 1,801 1,401 1, ,862 Engelmnn spruce 1,050 2,433 2, ,048 Grnd fir 23,923 9,601 5,823 2,718 2,683 1,422 1, ,038 Incense-cedr 4,224 2,015 2,134 1, ,217 Jeffrey pine Lodgepole pine 73,687 27,048 13,118 7,530 5,851 3,186 2, ,124 Mountin hemlock 1, , ,157 Nole fir ,780 Pcific silver fir 2,187 1, ,522 Ponderos pine 70,408 47,471 33,604 28,212 18,227 12,976 9,766 7,237 3,544 2,678 3, ,162 Redwood Shst red fir 2, ,162 Sitk spruce Sulpine fir 4,426 1, ,252 Sugr pine ,514 Western hemlock 4,010 1, ,337 Western lrch 2,483 1,434 1,969 1,389 1,036 1, ,385 Western redcedr 1, ,510 Western white pine White fir 34,380 25,328 13,635 9,716 7,754 3,446 2,183 1, ,663 Whiterk pine Totl 255, ,790 90,140 66,793 46,718 31,789 22,264 14,579 8,141 5,715 6,823 1, ,320 Hrdwood: Blck cottonwood Cherry 3, ,381 Oregon white ok 1,094 2,121 1, ,119 Quking spen 2,286 2,551 1, ,718 Totl 7,183 5,032 3, ,256 All species 262, ,822 93,283 67,514 47,135 32,275 22,365 14,674 8,141 5,737 6,870 1, ,576 = fewer thn 500 trees found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Growing-stock trees re ll live trees except cull trees (noncommercil species re clssified s sound cull trees). 21

29 Tle 11 Estimted net volume of growing-stock nd swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y clss of timer, owner clss, nd species group, estern Oregon, 1999 Species group Clss of timer Averge All nd owner clss volume Softwoods Hrdwoods species Cuic feet per cre Million cuic feet Growing-stock: Other pulic 1, Forest industry 972 1, ,559 Other privte 1,664 1, ,839 Totl, growing-stock 1,299 3, ,825 Bord feet per cre Million ord feet Swtimer (Scriner rule): c Other pulic 7,639 1, ,803 Forest industry 3,415 5, ,475 Other privte 6,849 7, ,568 Totl, swtimer 5,041 14, ,846 Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger. c Includes softwood swtimer trees 9.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger nd hrdwood swtimer trees 11.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger. 22

30 Tle 12 Estimted net volume of growing-stock on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Dimeter clss (inches t rest height) All Species clsses Million cuic feet Softwood: Dougls-fir Engelmnn spruce Grnd fir Incense-cedr Jeffrey pine Lodgepole pine Mountin hemlock Nole fir Pcific silver fir Ponderos pine ,647 Shst red fir Sulpine fir Sugr pine Western hemlock Western lrch Western redcedr Western white pine White fir Whiterk pine 1 1 Totl ,795 Hrdwood: Blck cottonwood Cherry 1 1 Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl All species ,825 = less thn 500,000 cuic feet found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger. 23

31 Tle 13 Estimted net volume of swtimer on timerlnd outside of ntionl forests, y species nd dimeter clss, estern Oregon, 1999 Dimeter clss (inches t rest height) All Species clsses Million ord feet, Scriner rule Softwood: Dougls-fir ,576 Engelmnn spruce Grnd fir Incense-cedr Jeffrey pine Lodgepole pine ,044 Mountin hemlock Nole fir Pcific silver fir Ponderos pine , ,666 Shst red fir Sulpine fir Sugr pine Western hemlock Western lrch Western redcedr Western white pine White fir ,096 Whiterk pine 2 2 Totl 1,248 1,688 2,015 1,938 1,598 1,546 3,059 1,686 14,779 Hrdwood: Blck cottonwood Oregon white ok Quking spen Totl All species 1,248 1,706 2,018 1,952 1,598 1,551 3,081 1,692 14,846 = less thn 500,000 ord feet found. Totls my e off ecuse of rounding; dt suject to smpling error. Includes softwood swtimer trees 9.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger, nd hrdwood swtimer trees 11.0 inches in d..h. nd lrger. 24