JatrophaWorld October 2010, Rotterdam, HOLLAND

Transcription

1 JatrophaWorld October 2010, Rotterdam, HOLLAND

2 JATROPHA-PROJECT START First contact from Biofuel Africa ltd in May 2007 Prototype made of Joonas 1500 berry harvester was sent to Ghana in the end of 2007 First test harvesting periods in Ghana New model designing was started during testing period New innovations were made during testing period Learning process was started

3 JATROPHA-PROJECT START Ghana 2008 Ghana 2010

4 HARVESTER DESIGN-START Starting point was quite poor Lack of information Internet was full of all kinds of experts.. Massive Olive harvester was described as a best option Nobody knew optimum size of the bush after 5 years What is correct plantation model, could we use model from the berry industry?

5 HARVESTER DESIGN-START Challenges with engineering and component selection Hydraulics Easy and durable Electrics Reliable in rainy conditions High temperatures Cooling for engine and hydraulics Service network International component suppliers Harvested crop How to handle it as effective as possible (during and after harvesting) New innovations were made Special container system, adaptive pruning equipment for harvesting machine etc.

6 HARVESTING CHALLENGES Plant features are changing a lot because of: Variety, soil, climate, rain fall, pruning method and ALL of these have big effect on the harvesting result Jatropha is a wild plant Breeding has just started Reliable, new uniform quality varieties will be developed in a few years Optimal planting technique is still unknown Our model is from berry industry

7 HARVESTING CHALLENGES Fruits in different maturing stage have different oil content: Green 25 % Yellow 41 % Black 35 % Harvesting result is better when fruits are loose (turning from yellow to black) Less power to shaking Less damages to plants Biggest oil content = Selective harvesting result Selective harvesting = Harvest mature fruits as accurate as possible

8 HARVESTING CHALLENGES Selective harvesting Before harvesting After harvesting

9 MECHANIZED PLANTATION MODEL BACKROUND FROM THE BERRY INDUSTRY Farm location logistic access to highway, port or railway Space between rows, minimum 3,5 meters Space between plants 1 1,5 m (hedge model) Soil between rows steady, clean and well maintained Min. 20 m fire gates every 500 m (clear land, no grass) 10 m width service roads every 250 m Highly mechanized (harvesting, pruning, fertilizing etc.) Continuous pruning, mechanized

10 MECHANIZED PLANTATION MODEL

11 MECHANIZED PLANTATION MODEL Every 500 m block is secured by the fire gate Fire gate works also as a service road

12 IF YOU MECHANIZE Challenges are Investments (machinery, storage premises etc.) Trained staff for use and service machines Plantation maintenance Row spacing and rows should be clean, harrowed and pruned Plant shaping has to start as early as the planting stage enables to best harvesting results from mature bushes (see picture in next slide). Without pruning, fruit droppage will be 20 % during the harvesting

13 1. Single main trunk - Less bark damages IF YOU MECHANIZE Jatropha plantation for harvesting machine - Harvest loss around 10 % - Faster harvesting speed 2. Shape of bush, 0.5 m trunk and then branches outward 3. Row spacing minimum 3.5 m 4. Clean, harrowed row space

14 Different thinking with harvesting process 1. Selective harvesting with harvesting machine - Right starting time when majority of fruits are turning from yellow to black - Simple economical calculation When you get more mature fruits than you spend for harvesting cost IF YOU MECHANIZE

15 Different thinking with harvesting process 2. Hand picking + selective harvesting with harvesting machine IF YOU MECHANIZE - Fast hand picking stage starts when first fruits are ready for picking, approximately 4-6 weeks before main crop is ready - Right starting time with machine is when most of the fruits are late green or turning from yellow to black

16 IF YOU MECHANIZE Ghana results with selective harvesting 30 % black fruits (35 % oil) 25 % Yellow fruits (41 % oil) 45 % Late green fruits ( 30 % oil) Due to our company project timetables we did harvest little bit early, in normal conditions result would be better = less green and more yellow and black fruits

17 IF YOU MECHANIZE Maintenance and service readiness Spare parts are needed immediately during harvesting time Farms are mainly located in developing countries & rural areas Logistic chain, customs and some visa regulations are main problems for fast spare part delivery and factory service crew Local, critical spare part inventory & trained farm personnel Only few named person in responsible for driving harvesting machines less problems Proactive maintenance will keep machines running!

18 OUR HARVESTER WILL BE.. Effective Harvesting result 90 % Agile Turning radius Simple Easy to use, less problems Innovative Fruit handling etc. Economical Durable components, Perkins diesel Rapid Harvesting efficiency ha/hour EASIER = 1 HARVESTER = PICKERS

19 JOONAS FH PEEK TO THE FUTURE..ALMOST TOMORROW!

20 RAKENNUSTEMPO Oy P.O. Box JOENSUU FINLAND Tel Fax