2015 Wisconsin Envirothon KEY Forestry Exam

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1 2015 Wisconsin Envirothon KEY Forestry Exam Answers that are correct but differ strongly from answer key must be initialized by Station Captain as an approved answer prior to delivery to score stewards. 1. Pick two of the above characteristics and match them to the tree species below. (1/2pt, 6pts total) A) Opposite leaf arrangement and branching pattern B) Alternate leaf arrangement and branching pattern C) Compound leaves D) Simple leaves White Ash A C Northern Red Oak B D Sugar Maple A D Black Walnut B C American Elm B D Shagbark Hickory B C 2. You are measuring seedling survival in a 10 acre planting site using 1/50 acre fixed radius plots. The site was planted at a rate of 900 trees per acre. You take 10 fixed radius plots and find an average of 12.5 seedlings per plot. (1pt each, 4pts total) How many seedlings survive per acre? 625 How many seedlings are present in the 10 acre stand? 6250 You plan to replant the stand if survival is below 90%. Do you recommend replanting in this stand; yes or no? Yes If yes, how many seedlings are needed to restock the stand to 900 trees per acre? 2750 /10pts Running Total: 10pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 1 of 10

2 3. This conifer has two long needles per fascicle. (1pt) A) Jack Pine B) Red Pine C) White Spruce D) Tamarack 4. This conifer has five medium length needles per fascicle. (1pt) A) White Pine B) Jack Pine C) Red Pine D) Black Spruce 5. This tree is a deciduous conifer commonly found in central and northern Wisconsin.(1pt) A) Red Pine B) American Elm C) White Pine D) Tamarack 6. This conifer has short, flat needles, dark green above, and silvery underneath.(1pt) A) Tamarack B) Balsam Fir C) Norway Spruce D) Blue Spruce 7. Using the Wood County Soil Survey, turn to the soils map on map sheet #44. What is the full name of the soil series surrounding the northwest section corner for Section 27? (1pt) Plainfield loamy sand 8. What type of tree species would you expect to find growing on this soil? (1pt) A) Sugar maple B) Eastern hemlock C) White pine D) Tamarack /6pts Running Total: 16pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 2 of 10

3 9. Identify the following silvicultural systems as either even aged = E or uneven aged =U (1pt each, 8pts total) Clear Cut Shelterwood Single Tree Selection Seed Tree Overstory Removal Group Selection Patch Selection Coppice E E U E E U U E 10. What is the even aged silvicultural system in which the overstory is completely removed and is designed to naturally regenerate a stand using vegetative reproduction (e.g. root suckering)? (1pt) Coppice 11. Name a Wisconsin forest type commonly regenerated using the system from Question #10. (1pt) Aspen or Oak 12. What is the even aged silvicultural system in which the overstory is partially removed in a series of two or three cuts, requiring removal of intermediate and suppressed trees first, and is designed to modify understory conditions and promote establishment of regeneration through seeding? The most vigorous trees are retained to provide seed source until final harvest occurs (at which time the overstory is removed). (1pt) Shelterwood 13. Name a Wisconsin forest type commonly regenerated using this system from Question #12. (1pt) Oak, White Pine, Red Maple /12pts Running Total: 28pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 3 of 10

4 14. What is the uneven aged silvicultural system in which individual trees of various size and age classes are periodically removed to provide space for natural regeneration, promote growth of remaining trees, and improve overall quality of timber? (1pt) Single Tree Selection 15. Name a Wisconsin forest type commonly regenerated using this system from Question #14. (1pt) Northern Hardwoods 16. What is the even aged silvicultural system in which approximately three to ten dominant and codominant trees per acre are left uncut, individually or in groups, to regenerate a forest through natural seeding? Residual stocking under this system is not sufficient to protect, modify, or shelter the site in a significant way. (1pt) Seed Tree 17. Name a Wisconsin forest type commonly regenerated using this system from Question #16. (1pt) White Pine, Jack Pine 18. Name the two soil properties that most influence forest productivity and forest successional trends. (2pts) Soil nutrients Soil moisture 19. A board foot is defined as: a piece of wood with the dimensions of 1 _ X 1 X 1 (1pt) and is equivalent to 144 cubic inches. (1pt). 20. A standard cord of wood is defined as: a stack of wood with the dimensions of 4 X _4 X 8 (1pt) and is equivalent to 128 cubic feet. (1pt) 21. How many board feet are contained in a defect free board with the following dimensions: 1 1/4" X 10" X 12' (round answer to the nearest tenth of a board foot)? (1pt) 12.5 board feet /11pts Running Total: 39pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 4 of 10

5 22. How many cords are in a stack of firewood (composed of sticks 8' long) with the following measurements (round answer to nearest tenth of a cord)? (1pt) Height measurements = 3.5 ', 4.8', 6.5, 8.0', 8.0', 7.3', 5.2', 4.0' Length of pile = 35' 12.9 cords 23. You are managing two aspen stands and are evaluating the understory ground cover plant communities in each stand. The dominant ground cover plants found in stand 1 are bracken fern and blueberry. The dominant ground cover plants in stand 2 are blue cohosh, bloodroot, trillium, wild leeks, and jack-in-the pulpit. Which aspen stand would be better suited to northern hardwood management and why? (2pts) Stand 2. The ground cover plants are indicative of a soil type with higher nutrient levels (conversely, bracken fern and blueberry indicate a sandy soil which would be low in nutrient level). The tree species found in the northern hardwood forest type require high nutrient levels for growth. 24. You are asked to meet with a landowner who has a 40 acre property located in NW ¼ of the NE ¼, Section 28, T23N, R6E. Using the plat book provided, what is the name of the landowner? (1pt) James and Tracy Arnold 25. Match the letter on the air photo with the correct natural feature on the right. (1pt each, 6pts total) C Pine plantation A Agricultural field F Open marsh wetland B River E Pond D Hardwood woodlot 26. You are managing a jack pine stand on a nutrient poor, sandy soil in Central Wisconsin. What tree species would be most likely to naturally succeed jack pine on this site? (1pt) A.) Red pine B.) Northern red oak C.) Black oak D.) Sugar maple 27. Northern hardwood forests growing on nutrient rich soils tend to succeed towards a single tree species. Name this tree species. (1pt) Sugar Maple /12pts Running Total: 51pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 5 of 10

6 28. Which of these natural or human caused events would not likely result in establishment of an early succession forest type on the landscape? (1pt) A.) Large scale blow-down wind event B.) Single tree selection harvest C.) Forest fire D.) Aspen coppice harvest 29. An RMZ is used to protect water quality in our lakes and streams when harvesting in the forest. What does RMZ stand for? (1pt) Riparian Management Zone 30. According to the Wis. DNR s Best Management Practices for Water Quality, how wide should an RMZ be adjacent to a lake or trout stream? (1pt) A.) 5 feet B.) 15 feet C.) 35 feet D.) 100 feet 31. Your management plan calls for growing red pine to a basal area of 180 square feet per acre prior to thinning. You cruise a 20 year old stand of red pine and determine the stand has a basal area of 150 square feet per acre. How many years will it take before the stand is ready to be thinned? (1pt) 4 years 32. You are conducting a variable radius plot cruise using a 10 basal area factor angle gauge. A 10 dbh red oak is a borderline tree in your plot and is located 26.5 from plot center. What is the limiting distance for this tree to be included in the plot? (1pt) 27.5 feet Is this tree in or out of the plot? (1pt) In /6pts Running Total: 57pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 6 of 10

7 Field Forestry Skills Test: 33. Plot Measurement: Student may select: Angle Gauge or 10 Factor Prism A. Did the student demonstrate proper use of the tool? (2pts) YES NO 34. Diameter Measurement: Student may select: Cruising Stick or Diameter Tape A. Did student demonstrate proper use of the tool? (2pts) YES NO 35. Tree Height: Student shall demonstrate proper use of a Clinometer A. Did the student demonstrate proper use of tool? (2pts) YES NO 36. Tree Age: A. What is the name of the tool which extracts a core from a tree to estimate age? (1pt) Increment Borer B. Describe the proper use of this tool. (1pt) YES NO /8pts Running Total: 65pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 7 of 10

8 Log Scaling: 37. Use a Scribner Decimal C log rule to scale imaginary logs represented by tree cookies. Students shall identify tree species (common name acceptable) and record board foot volume for each imaginary log of specific length indicated for each cookie. (1pt each, 8pts total) Species Board Foot Volume A. Red Pine 40 B. Red Oak 150 C. Aspen 50 D. Red Maple Timber Cruising Exercise: (1/2 pt each, 25ps total) Using the forestry tools provided, take forest measurements from established plot center. Notes: Species may be listed by common name. Record tree diameters to the nearest inch. Record tree heights to top of crown to nearest foot. Record size classes as seedling/sapling, pole timber (pulpwood), or sawtimber TREE # IN/OUT SPECIES DIAMETER HEIGHT SIZE CLASS /33pts Running Total: 98pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 8 of 10

9 39. What is the total basal area represented by in Trees in the sample plot above? (1pt) 40. What is the basal area of in trees represented by the pole timber size class in the sample plot above? (1pt) /2pts Running Total: 100pts 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 9 of 10

10 TIE BREAKER Compass and Pacing: (1pt each, 2 pts total) Using compass and pacing techniques navigate from the starting point on a bearing of degrees for a distance of chains to identify the tree located at/nearest the finishing point. Tree Common Name (1pt) Tree Scientific Name (1pt) /2pts TB 4/16/2015 FINAL VERSION Page 10 of 10