ICOS: An infrastructure to monitor the greenhouse gas budget of Europe. Bert Gielen

Transcription

1 ICOS: An infrastructure to monitor the greenhouse gas budget of Europe Bert Gielen Small- to Medium-sized Nations in International Collaborative Science KVAB - Brussels October 13th 2016

2 Rising CO 2 concentration in the atmosphere CO 2 Concentrations CO 2 Emissions

3 Climate Scenarios

4 CO 2 sinks and sources

5 Fate of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions ( average) 33.0±1.8 GtCO 2 /yr 91% 16.0±0.4 GtCO 2 /yr 44% Partitioning Sources 10.9±2.9 GtCO 2 /yr 30% Calculated as the residual of all other flux components 3.4±1.8 GtCO 2 /yr 9% 26% 9.5±1.8 GtCO 2 /yr Source: CDIAC; NOAA-ESRL; Houghton et al 2012; Giglio et al 2013; Le Quéré et al 2015; Global Carbon Budget 2015

6 Changes in the budget over time The sinks have continued to grow with increasing emissions, but climate change will affect carbon cycle processes in a way that will exacerbate the increase of CO 2 in the atmosphere Data: GCP Source: CDIAC; NOAA-ESRL; Houghton et al 2012; Giglio et al 2013; Le Quéré et al 2015; Global Carbon Budget 2015

7 Fate of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions ( average) 16.0±0.4 GtCO 2 /yr 44% Partitioning 10.9±2.9 GtCO 2 /yr 30% Calculated as the residual of all other flux components 26% 9.5±1.8 GtCO 2 /yr

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9 12 official members Belgium Netherlands Finland Sweden Italy Switserland Norway Denmark France Germany Czech Rep UK

10 62 Ecosystem station 34 atmospheric stations 25 Ocean stations

11 Added value of Research Infrastructure Long term perspectives (+20 years) Centralized coordination Centralized data quality control and processing High level of standardisation Open data policy (without any restrictions)

12 European Greenhouse gas network history

13 ERIC established: European Research Infrastructure Consortium Recognized by the EU established on November 20th founding members: BE, FI, FR, IT, SE, NL, NO, DE+ CH

14 Structure: a coordination office+portal, four central facilities

15 Ecosystem Thematic Center organization

16 10 ICOS Research Stations in Belgium: OS Belgica OS Simon Stevin OS buoy ES BE-Lcr Brussels ES BE-Bra ES BE-Maa ECOSYSTEM STATIONS (ES): Universiteit Antwerpen BE-Bra: Brasschaat BE-Lcr: Lochristi BE-Maa: Maasmechelen Université de Liège BE-Jal: La Robinette BE-Lon: Lonzée BE-Vie: Vielsalm ES BE-Lon ES BE-Jal ES BE-Vie OCEANIC STATIONS (OS): KBIN RV Belgica Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee RV Simon Stevin Fixed buoy ATMOSPHERIC STATIONS (AS): BIRA La Réunion

17 Flux tower setup meet platform Sonic Soil temperature Rain gauge Nett radiation Solarimeter Wind vane Anemometer Psychrometer Barometer Air sampling Analysers Gill HS Licor 7200

18 BRASSCHAAT GENERAL SITE INFO SCOTS PINE FOREST Planted in 1929 Flux and meteo data since m high high scaffolding tower Near urban area on sandy soil (low productive) Greenhouse gases, ozone and air pollution studied Partners:

19 LOCHRISTI GENERAL SITE INFO SRC POPLAR PLANTATION Planted in 2010 (110,000 trees) Former ERC POPFULL SRC= short rotation coppice Wood for biomass energy Flux and meteo data since 2010 Greenhouse gases, ozone and air pollution studied Telescopic tower (fast growing!)

20 MAASMECHELEN GENERAL SITE INFO HEATHLAND National Park Hoge Kempen Unique dry heathland in ICOS Management by ANB Underground cabin Tower < 6m Close coupling to UH ECOTRON+ Partners:

21 JALHAY GENERAL SITE INFO Mix of deciduous trees, planted between 1998 and 2000 Flux and meteorological data from 2007 to 2011 Catchment biogeochemistry (rainfall, throughfall, soil solution, outlet), nutrient cycling, soilrespiration, soilcarboncontent.

22 VIELSALM GENERAL SITE INFO The ecosystem statin of Vielsalm has been installed in 1996 thanks to fundings of the European Commission and Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS-FRS). Flux and micrometeorological measurements are performed continuously since more than 15 years. The forest is patchy, made up of mixed coniferous (Douglas fir) and deciduous (beech) plots.

23 LONZEE GENERAL SITE INFO Installed in 2004 thanks to funds from the European Commission and Communauté française de Belgique (ARC project) the Lonzée ecosystem station was one of the first European sites devoted to production crops. This set-up allowed to follow net CO 2 fluxes exchanged between a four year rotation crop.

24 2. OCEAN STATIONS OS RV SIMON STEVIN is a research vessel that operates in the Belgian part of the North Sea and adjacent seas, measuring CO 2 fluxes between the sea and atmosphere. OS VLIZ DATA BUOY a time series marine station located at the C-Power Thornton wind turbine farm. It collects data that will help describe the biogeochemical status of the Belgian coastal waters OS BELGICA is a multidisciplinary oceanographic research and monitoring ship with a main focus on the North Sea environment that continuously registers seawater and meteorological parameters.

25 3. ATMOSPHERIC STATION AS ILE DE LA RÉUNION an atmospheric observatory in the Indian Ocean performing both total column and in situ ground measurements of greenhouse gases. The station is hosted by the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA) since 2011

26 Thank you!

27 ICOS Belgium Consortium

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