GLOBAL RESTORATION INITIATIVE

Transcription

1 Image: Flickr/USAID Kenya GLOBAL RESTORATION INITIATIVE World Resources Institute

2 from Inspiration to Implementation 2

3 CHALLENGES 1. Increasing pressures on land 2. Decreasing utilization of land 3. The poor are disproportionately affected Population increase to 9.6B by 2050 Expected consumption increase to 69% World Population:

4 CHALLENGES 1. Increasing pressures on land 2. Decreasing utilization of land 3. The poor are disproportionately affected 47% of forests degraded or deforested 1/3 of land is highly or moderately degraded 4

5 CHALLENGES 1. Increasing pressures on land 2. Decreasing utilization of land 3. The poor are disproportionately affected The poor face more severe degradation (FAO) 46m 2 of arable land lost /capita / year (IFPRI) 5

6 IDENTIFY BENEFITS AND MAKE THE CASE Water Forests Energy Food Governance Climate Business Economics Finance 6

7 OPPORTUNITY: RESTORE PRODUCTIVITY AND FUNCTION Today Vision for 2050 Agriculture Agro-forestry Intensify production Agriculture Degraded and Deforested Land Restore into mixed systems Agro-forestry Forest Avoid deforestation Forest 7

8 RESTORE VITALITY AND BALANCE TO THE LANDSCAPE 8

9 THERE IS HOPE 2bn hectares with opportunities for restoration Source: Global Partnership on Forest Landscape Restoration 9

10 AMBITIOUS TARGETS EXIST The Bonn Challenge 150m hectares under restoration by 2020 New York Declaration 350m hectares under restoration by 2030 Image: Flickr/CIFOR; Source: WRI 10

11 IT S BEEN DONE BEFORE South Korea, 1960 South Korea, 2000 Forest cover from 35% to 64% Forest density increased 14x, population 2x, economy 25x 11

12 IT S BEEN DONE BEFORE Niger, Pre-1990s Niger, Today 12 5 million hectares restored into agroforestry Improved food security for 2.5 million people

13 COMMITMENTS TO RESTORE ARE MOUNTING Bonn Challenge Launch (2011) UN Climate Summit (Sep 2014) COP20 in Lima (Dec 2014) COP21 in Paris (Dec 2015) total = 20 million total = 48 million total = 60 million total = 86 million USA: 15 million Rwanda: 2 million Costa Rica: 1 million El Salvador: 1 million PACTO: 1 million Ethiopia: 15 million DRC: 8 million Uganda: 2.5 million Guatemala: 1.2 million Colombia: 1 million Chile: 100,000 Mexico: 8.5 million Peru: 3 million Panama: 1 million Ecuador: 500,000 Argentina & Chile: 1 million via Conservacion Patagonica India China Brazil Kenya Niger Malawi Liberia Togo Madagascar Others 13

14 Global Restoration Initiative Partnerships AFR100 (WRI lead) Initiative 20x20 (WRI lead) Asia (WRI not lead) Countries Africa (10) DRC, Ethiopia, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Niger, Rwanda, Togo, Uganda LAC (12) Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru Asia (2) India, Indonesia Core Offers Promote good practices Support scaling strategies Facilitate finance Monitor progress Strategy & Management Support Strategy Budgets & Finance Fundraising Comms M&E Systems

15 CORE OFFERS Help take stock of current projects and successes Document case studies Tell stories Develop and promote core principles for good practices Identify and address systemic barriers to scale Convene partnerships across sectors Map scale opportunities Assess economic case Promote good practices Support scaling strategies Monitor progress Facilitate finance Align with investments (institutional and community) Assess biophysical, governance, capacity, socioeconomic indicators Combine remote sensing and on-the-ground processes Emphasize private finance and reducing risk with public funds Emphasize pipeline development Connect supply and demand in the market 15

16 GLOBAL RESTORATION COUNCIL Members: Felipe Calderón, former President of Mexico Fernando Cardoso, former President of Brazil Bianca Jagger, Chairperson of the Bianca Jagger Human Rights Foundation Chuck Leavell, keyboardist for Rolling Stones, award-winning forester, founder of Mother Nature Network Wanjira Mathai, Chairperson of the Green Belt Movement Göran Persson, Co-Chair and former Prime Minister of Sweden Bill Richardson, former Governor of New Mexico and UN Ambassador Mark Tercek, President and CEO of The Nature Conservancy Rosa Lemos de Sa, President and CEO of FUNBIO 16

17 OPPORTUNITY ASSESSMENT How to package opportunities Restoration Opportunities Assessment Methodology (ROAM) 1. Stakeholder input 2. Geospatial mapping 3. Economic analysis 4. Carbon analysis 5. Enabling conditions 6. Financial analysis 17

18 Stakeholder consultation ROAM process Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Identify land use challenges Identify and map landscape restoration options Conduct cost-benefit analysis, including carbon sequestration potential Analyze enabling conditions policies, finance, and institutions Identify financial and investment options Prioritize landscape restoration options

19 NATIONAL LAND USE CHALLENGES ECOSYSTEM SERVICES TO BE RESTORED 1. Habitat fragmentation/ loss of biodiversity 2. Forest degradation 3. Loss of soil fertility 4. Overgrazing 5. Deforestation 6. Soil erosion 7. Siltation/ sedimentation of waterbodies 8. Water stress 9. Flooding 10. Landslides Freshwater quality Freshwater quantity Regulation of flooding Forest habitat and corridors Woody biomass Regulation of soil quality Non-timber tree products Erosion control Regulation of local climate Regulation of water timing and flows Regulation of landslides 11. Climate change mitigation Carbon sequestration

20 Restoration option: expanding natural forests inside protected areas 1. Locate where forest could grow Potential Natural Vegetation Dry evergreen Afro-Montane Forest and Grassland complex Moist Evergreen Afro-Montane Forest Transitional Rain Forest National Forest Priority Areas National Parks, Wildlife Reserve, and Wildlife Sanctuary Region boundaries Water bodies

21 Restoration option: expanding natural forests inside protected areas 1. Locate where forest could grow 2. Exclude existing forested lands, wetlands, urban areas, and irrigated crops Potential Natural Vegetation Dry evergreen Afro-Montane Forest and Grassland complex Moist Evergreen Afro-Montane Forest Transitional Rain Forest National Forest Priority Areas National Parks, Wildlife Reserve, and Wildlife Sanctuary Region boundaries Water bodies

22 Restoration option: expanding natural forests inside protected areas 1. Locate where forest could grow 2. Exclude existing forested lands, wetlands, urban areas, and irrigated crops 3. Exclude areas outside of National Parks, Wildlife Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and National Forest Priority Areas Potential Natural Vegetation Dry evergreen Afro-Montane Forest and Grassland complex Moist Evergreen Afro-Montane Forest Transitional Rain Forest National Forest Priority Areas National Parks, Wildlife Reserve, and Wildlife Sanctuary Region boundaries Water bodies

23 WHERE? MONITORING OF RESTORATION Global Baseline Project to establish a common baseline Flexible monitoring system required. In-country approaches are likely to differ Remote sensing Visual interpretation On-theground monitoring 23

24 GEOGRAPHIES: SUPPORTING RESTORATION IN 18 COUNTRIES Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador Guatemala Mexico Panama Peru Ethiopia Kenya Malawi Niger Rwanda Uganda India Indonesia

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26 LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN: INITIATIVE 20X20 Goal: Restore 20 million hectares in LAC by Political commitment 11 countries committing a total of 23+ million hectares 2. Economic analysis Making the economic and financial case for restoration 3. Financial mechanisms Six impact investors aligning USD $670 million behind 20x20. Structuring a partial guarantee mechanism to catalyze additional financing Argentina Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador Guatemala Mexico Panama Peru 26

27 Initiative 20x20 A country-led effort to initiate restoration of 20 Mha in Latin America by 2020 in support of the Bonn Challenge MEXICO, GUATEMALA, NICARAGUA, EL SALVADOR, COSTA RICA, COLOMBIA, ECUADOR, PERU, CHILE, ARGENTINA

28 Background: the context of land degradation in Latin America 37 Mha of forests and grasslands converted to agriculture in LAC since % of annual GHG emissions in LAC from land use and land use change 50% of non large urban area employment in LAC tied to agriculture and forestry 13% of global food and fiber trade from LAC 350 Mha of lost or degraded forest landscapes

29 Restoration: Bring back land functionality (carbon soil, water, vegetation, biodiversity) Agroforestry and low Carbon sustainable agriculture Silvopasture Avoided degradation Reforestation

30 Why restore? Reduce GHG emissions Improve rural livelihoods Improve food security and ability to meet demand for food, feed, and fibre Restore ecosystem services Strengthen resilience to climate impacts

31 Initiative 20x20 activities 1. Encourage political commitments 2. Develop financial architecture and secure financing 3. Provide technical support for implementation

32 1. Initiative 20x20 ambitions to date Mha Mexico Peru Nicaragua Bosques Modelo* Guatemala Colombia El Salvador Conservacion Patagonica* Costa Rica Chile Ecuador American Bird Conservancy* Espiritu Santo (Br) Mha by August 2015; GOAL exceeded * Regional programs

33 2. Secure financing Risk capital from impact investors $0.74 billion earmarked Debt finance (5x risk capital expected) Proposals for partial risk guarantees ($115 million) MORINGA PARTNERSHIP

34 Financial Architecture goals Support private (impact) investment in restoration as a complement of public resources to promote the goals of the Bonn Challenge Manage risks Strengthen investment readiness Stimulate capital flows into investment

35 3. Key themes identified by countries for technical assistance under 20x20 Robust monitoring system Supportive incentive system Reliable long term supply of germ plasm Accessible information on restoration technologies Assessment of financial and economic returns Improved investment readiness

36 Initiative 20x20 partners delivering technical assistance in support of the Bonn challenge

37 Skills of the partnership Institutional Partner BIOVERSITY Strengths Sustainable use and protection of biodiversity assets Space Regional CATIE Agro-forestry extension services and science Regional CIAT Agriculture science and technology Regional FUNDACION AGRESTE Ecosytem conservation, restoration and conservation of wilderness Argentina FAS Sustainable use of rainforests Amazon region ICRAF Agroforestry Global IUCN Von Humboldt Institute WRI Link to Bonn Challenge and Global Partnership on Forest Landscape Restoration (GPFLR), link to regional and country programs in FLR Biodiversity science Forestry, restoration, economics and development, links to climate change Global/Regional Colombia Global

38 ASIA: INDIA AND INDONESIA New governments in India and Indonesia Window of opportunity exists to influence the path of green growth Initial funding secured to provide support Early stages of restoration assessment process 38

39 PARTNERSHIPS ARE ESSENTIAL AT EACH LEVEL OF SCALE Global Global Partnership on Forest Landscape Restoration (GPFLR) Regional 20x20: CIAT, CATIE, impact investors AFR100: NEPAD Agency, BMZ, IUCN, Clinton Foundation, others In-country National & sub-national government Private sector Civil society Community based organizations 39