A social-ecological perspective for improving livelihoods, sustainable forest management and conservation

Transcription

1 A social-ecological perspective for improving livelihoods, sustainable forest management and conservation Developing approaches and indicators to assess social and ecological outcomes Anastasia Yang, Imogen Bellwood-Howard, et al. Thünen Institute of International Forestry and Forest Economics FLARE conference, Edinburgh 2 5th December

2 Productive Social-ecological systems () Why is an approach needed? How to research? Multiscale Qualitative data Quantita tive data Social system Ecological system Fig 1. Core subsystems in a framework (Ostrom et al. 2009)

3 Socio-ecological systems Framework (F): Nestedness of Governance system Resource system International National Past Resource unit Spatial Regional Landscape Community Household Resource user Temporal present Future Intergenerational Panarchical relations Individual Seite 3 4/19/2016

4 Towards policy approaches for improving livelihoods, sustainable forest management and conservation". Ecuador Zambia Philippines Country (x3) Region (x3) Landscape (1) Landscape (2) Landscape (3) Landscape (4) Seite 4 Anastasia Yang Thünen-Institut für Internationale

5 LaForeT: Mixed methods Livelihood & opportunity costs Household survey (mostly quant. & qual.) Forest use and conditions Forest inventories (quant.) Methods of data collection Multilevel Governance assessment Semi structured interviews (quant. & qual.) Focus group discussion (FGD) (quant. & qual.) Framework Drivers of land/ forest cover change National level spatial analysis (quant.) Landscape level (quant & qual.) Linkages in social & ecological outcomes Participatory mapping (quant & qual.) Key informant interviews (quant. & qual.) FGD (quant. & qual.) Social, economic, and political settings Resource Systems Governance systems (GS) Spatial modelling and policy scenarios Data Analysis Resource units (RU) Actors (A) Triangulation and interpretation Action situations: Interactions (I) Outcomes (O) (Ostrom et al. 2009)

6 LaForeT: Mixed scales of analysis 1 2 Gradient of scales Governance assessment national, meso & local level (community) Philippines Source: Forest Watch Household survey Forest dependent communities (5+ per landscape) Sampling PRA assessment 2 x forest dependent communities Forest inventories Primary, secondary, plantations and agroforestry (12 x 40x 40m plots) Landscape level 10 x 10 km² Ground Truthing landscape GCPs will be collected per land cover type

7 UrbanFoodPlus: Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture Urban Food Plus 7 4/19/2016

8 UrbanFoodPlus: Mixed methods & Scales Sampling decisions Soil sampling Randomised Household surveys Focus Group discussions Ghana: Tamale Burkina Faso: Ouagadougou Mali: Bamako 3 categories of farms in each city 10 cells (100 x 100m) in each landscape zone 4/19/ farmers in each cell

9 UrbanFoodPlus: Sampling choices Household Head Our respondent Soil sample Bush field belonging to 1 HH member, fertility gradient Backyard field, applied manure Soil sample Soil sample Family field managed by HH, worked by all household members 9 4/19/2016

10 Interdisciplinary challenges Qualitative, quantitative + participatory data Mixed methods Interdisciplinary methods Overlapping, interlocking, complementary scales Multiple scales Suitable methodologies Processes not outcomes Seite 10 4/19/2016

11 Lessons: Linking social & ecological outcomes Ordering of qualitative and quantitative data collection Advance exploratory data collection Statistical treatment of data Qualitative and quantitative data analysis Identify processual links between quantitative variables 11 4/19/2016

12 Thank you for listening Urban Food Plus Publications Bellwood-Howard, I., et al Characteristics of urban and peri-urban agriculture in West Africa: results of an exploratory survey conducted in Tamale, Ghana, and Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 38p. (IWMI Working Paper 163). Cumming, G.S.,et al Scale mismatches in socialecological systems: causes, consequences, and solutions. Ecology and society, 11(1), p.14. McGinnis, M.D. and Ostrom, E., Social-ecological 12 system framework: initial changes and continuing challenges. Ecology and Society, 19(2), p.30. Sharma, D., et al A comparison of influences on the landscape of two social-ecological systems. Land Use Policy, 57, pp Walker, B. Het al A handful of heuristics and some propositions for understanding resilience in social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 11 (1): 13. [online] URL: Gunderson, L. H., and C.S. Holling, editors Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems, Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA