JRC Biomass project - Spatially explicit assessment of forest biomass in Europe: preliminary assessment of existing data

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1 JRC Biomass project - Spatially explicit assessment of forest biomass in Europe: preliminary assessment of existing data Valerio Avitabile JRC - Bio-Economy Unit valerio.avitabile@ec.europa.eu

2 Overview Overview of the JRC BIOMASS project Assessment of forest biomass information in Europe: 1.Statistics 2.Plot data 3.Biomass maps Comparison: Maps vs. statistics Conclusions and next steps

3 JRC Biomass mandate High-level, long term mandate to JRC to assess global and EU biomass supply and demand, flows and sustainability Covering all sources and all uses of biomass Scenarios and projections for biomass supply and demand and their impacts for Addressing impacts linked with production and use of biomass, competition and synergies between sectors for biomass resources

4 ICT & web Reference Database Other bioeconomy sectors Assessment Modelling Removals and wood products Production and trade Forest biomass assessment Forest management and growth Maps NFI stats Land Use Modeling SUSTAINABILTY (environmental, economic, social)

5 Statistics - JRC EFDAC: European Forest Data Centre Framework contracts with European NFI Aim: comprehensive, comparable and harmonized forest information : Specific contracts on Biomass harmonization with 26 countries Harmonized definition Harmonized estimator

6 Statistics - JRC Statistics - JRC Harmonized Biomass definition (AGB): - Aboveground part of stump - Stem (dbh > 0cm) - Dead branches - Living branches - Foliage Gaps filled: - Biomass functions per species - Correction factors for dbh < 10cm - Include stump, foliage, dead branches

7 Statistics - JRC EFDAC statistics: Forest: 154 M ha 516,394 plots Forest area (±SE) Mean Biomass (±SE) Total Biomass (±SE) By species group At sub-national level

8 Plots JRC & NFI EFDAC plots N. Plots = 22, countries Harmonized AGB 1km NFI plots: N. Plots = 164,054 7 countries GSV to AGB 1km (most) NFI data provided by Geerten Hengeveld (Alterra, NL)

9 Maps Maps covering Europe: Thurner (2014) Barredo (2012) Gallaun (2010) Kindermann (2008) Gallaun and Kindermann maps pre-processed by Dmitry Schepaschenko (IIASA) Map Thurner Barredo Gallaun Kindermann Reference data NFI Stats IPCC Tier 1 NFI ground data FRA 2005 Spatial data ASAR CORINE, GEZ MODIS MODIS NPP Auxiliary data BEF FRA 2010 CORINE, EFISCEN Human impact map Forest mask GLC2000 (>50%) CORINE CORINE, TBFRA GLC2000 (>20%) Year Resolution km 500 m 0.083

10 Maps Maps inter-comparison Large difference (>50 T/ha) in high biomass forests Large % difference (>50%) in low biomass forests

11 Maps vs. Stats

12 Maps vs. Stats

13 1,000 ha 1,000 ha M Tons Maps vs. Stats Total forest area Total biomass 400,000 18, , , , , , ,000 50,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, EFDAC Thurner Gallaun Barredo Kindermann - EFDAC Thurner Gallaun Barredo Kindermann No No Forest mask EFI EFI Forest mask Forest Mask: EFI (> 50%) No Forest mask EFI Forest mask Forest maps covering Europe Map Variable Resolution CORINE Forest type (> 30%) 25 ha JRC Forest type (> 30%) 25 m EFI Forest Cover (0 100%) 1 km IIASA Forest Cover (0 100%) 1 km

14 Maps vs. Stats Biomass Maps stats from NFI refers to a forest area (usually) estimated from plot data (sample based) Biomass maps use forest masks obtained from tree cover maps or forest maps The forest areas don t necessarily match! Tree cover 15% Biomass results depends on: Forest mask Spatial resolution Forest cover 100% Forest mask = Forest Biomass map: 40 T/ha Forest cover 15% Forest mask = No Forest Biomass map: 0 T/ha 150 T/ha (*) using the FAO FRA forest definition Source: Schepaschenko et al., 2015

15 Area (1,000 ha) Biomass (1,000 T) Poland Forest Area Total Biomass 35,000 1,800 30,000 25,000 20,000 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 - EFDAC GlobBiomass Barredo Gallaun Kindermann Thurner EFDAC GlobBiomass Barredo Gallaun Kindermann Thurner No maskno mask Forest mask No maskno mask Forest mask Forest Mask: IIASA (> 10%)

16 Maps vs. Plots Plots Assess plot representativeness: Spatial mismatch NFI plot area: 0.1 ha NFI released data: 100 ha Biomass maps: ha Select homogeneous areas Temporal mismatch NFI plots cycle: Biomass maps: Update plot data considering loss and growth X

17 Summary (1) Forest biomass data in Europe Statistics NFI: reliable statistics at sub-national level (GSV) EFDAC: Harmonized AGB statistics for 26 countries Temporal harmonization performed using CBM model Field plots Large amounts of NFI plots! Most plots available only at 1km To consider: Spatial & temporal harmonization

18 Summary (2) Forest biomass data in Europe Biomass maps Large variability of estimates, partly due to different forest area After forest masking, biomass maps underestimate compared to Statistics Complete assessment using plot data Including new maps (GlobBiomass!) Objectives: Produce a map consistent with NFI Statistics Request to producers: Include as far as possibleareas with low forest cover, to allow users to apply different forest masks Essential for credibility, especially where there are established NFI Map Forest Available For Wood Supply and biomass increment

19 Thanks