OptFuels Vegetation and Fuels Inputs

Transcription

1 OptFuels Vegetation and Fuels Inputs

2 Vegetation and Fuels Overview Spatial Data Inputs for OptFuels Modeling Stand and Fuelbed Dynamics Regeneration Modeling Disturbance Updating (Angora, Past Treatments)

3 Flammap/Solver Inputs Inputs for each treatment type and time period: Stand Polygons Elevation Aspect Slope Static Rasters Canopy Base Height Canopy Bulk Density Surface Fuel Model Canopy Height Canopy Cover Dynamic, from FVS

4 Input Data Requirements For Current OptFuels System: Meaningful Landscape Unit Polygons FVS-Ready Tree List Data Topographic Inputs (DEM) Land Ownership WUI/Structure Data

5 FVS Basics Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) Family of Forest Growth Simulation Models Maintained by the USFS Forest Management Service Center, Fort Collins, CO Rich ecosystem of interfaces, add-ons, to model fire behavior and effects, carbon, growth and yield, etc.

6 OptFuels Tahoe Data Inputs Calveg Polygons as the base Stands layer FIA Data Imputed into each stand R5 Strata label also assigned to each Stand and Treelist

7 Fuel Model Assignment Process Had difficulties with FVS-FFE producing realistic Fire Behavior Fuel Model Used Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCS) to assign FBFM based on default stratalevel characteristics FCCS developed by USFS Fire and Environmental Research Applications (FERA) Team Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory

8 F3N = Eastside Mixed Conifer, Small DBH/Medium Canopy Cover : Canopy Cover- 55% Overstory Tree Height-51 ft Overstory Tree DBH- 12 in Shrub Cover- 29% 100-hr Fuel Load- 1.6 tons/ac Grass Cover- 41%

9 FCCS Input Layers: -Canopy -Shrubs -Herbaceous Fuels -Woody Fuels -Litter, Lichen, and Moss -Duff FCCS Fuel Model Assignment: F3N... TL8 J3N... TL8 L3N... TL5 R3N... TU4

10 Fire Behavior Fuel Model Assignments Stratum Percent of Landscape Fuel Model ZBR 27.0% TU4 (164) F3N 21.0% TL8 (188) J3N 13.9% TL8 (188) F4N 8.0% TL8 (188) L3N 5.3% TL5 (185) R3N 4.9% TU4 (164) R4P 4.1% TL4 (184) F3P 3.4% TL8 (188) L4N 3.3% TL6 (186) L3P 2.1% TL7 (187) J3P 1.7% SB3 (203) R1X 1.4% TL6 (186) (ZBR=chaparral; F = eastside mixed conifer; J = Jeffrey pine; L = lodgepole pine; R = red fir)

11 Post-Prescribed Fire: F3N... TL8 TL5 J3N... TL8 TL5 L3N... TL5 GR3 R3N... TU4 TL5 Post-Wildfire: F3N (low)... TL8 TL5 F3N (mod)...tl8 TL4 F3N (hi)... TL8 TL3 F3N (ext)... TL8 TL3 J3N (low)... TL8 TL5 J3N (mod)... TL8 TL5 J3N (hi)... TL8 TL5 J3N (ext)... TL8 TL4

12 Fire Behavior Fuel Model Fuel Model FBFM40 Percent TU TL URBAN 7.95 TL TL TL TL TL WATER 2.20 GR TL TU TL SB TU Timber Understory TL Timber Litter SB Slash/Blowdown GR Grass

13 Stand Dynamics No Action First Period L3N Strata (Lodgepole Pine, Small Trees, Medium CC) Canopy Cover 44% Overstory DBH 19 inches Surface Fuel Model 185 (Timber Litter 5) Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Height 51 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.16 kg/m^3

14 Stand Dynamics No Action 1 st Period L3N Fuel Model 185 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.16 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 55 feet Canopy Cover 44% 2 nd Period L4N Fuel Model 186 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.16 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 61 feet Canopy Cover 50% 3 rd Period L4N Fuel Model 186 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.15 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 75 feet Canopy Cover 52%

15 Stand Dynamics No Action Fuel Model 185 Fuel Model 186 From Scott and Burgan, 2005

16 Stand Dynamics Treatment 1 st Period L4P Fuel Model 181 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.09 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 51 feet Canopy Cover 23 % 2 nd Period L4P Fuel Model 181 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.08 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 66 feet Canopy Cover 26% 3 rd Period L4P Fuel Model 181 Canopy Base Height 5 feet Canopy Bulk Density 0.08 kg/m^3 Canopy Height 75 feet Canopy Cover 29%

17 Stand Dynamics Treatment Fuel Model 186, No Action Fuel Model 181, Treatment From Scott and Burgan, 2005

18 FVS Tree Regeneration Model Western Sierra variant does not include a tree regen model We need to include regen for realistic longerterm veg succession and fire behavior modeling (CBH, Canopy Cover, etc.) Still in development

19 FVS Tree Regeneration Model Three cases Post-wildfire Post-treatment (thin, prescribed fire) No-action (Prescribed fire-only) Calculate how many seedlings/ac to establish once per cycle (decade)

20 Seedling Density Depends on: 1. Plot occupancy rate (Chris Carlson s Angora data) 2. Basal area multiplier ( ) (Background regen is not tied to basal area) 3. Annual survival rate: Zald et al. 2008

21 Occupancy Rate (%) Wildfire Treatment No-Action 10 0 Sugar pine Jeffrey pine White fir Red fir Incense cedar Other* *Other = lodgepole pine/western white pine/whitebark pine Values from Chris Carlson

22 Annual Seedling Survival (%) Wildfire 40 Treatment 30 No-Action Sugar pine Jeffrey pine White fir Red fir Incense cedar Other* Wildfire and treatment values from Zald et al (except Other ) *Other = lodgepole pine/western white pine/whitebark pine

23 Basal Area Multiplier Wildfire 600 Treatment Sugar pine Jeffrey pine White fir Red fir Incense cedar Other* *Other = lodgepole pine/western white pine/whitebark pine Values from Chris Carlson

24 Results: No-action (seedlings/ac/decade) Sugar pine: 0-3 White fir: Jeffrey pine: Red fir: 0-84 Incense cedar: 0-7 Murphy et al., 2007 Other (lodgepole/w. white/whitebark pine): 0-53

25 Results: Post-Wildfire (seedlings/ac/decade) Sugar pine: 0-71 White fir: Jeffrey pine: Red fir: Incense cedar: 0-21 Carlson et al., 2010 Other (lodgepole/w. white/whitebark pine): 0-181

26 Results: Post-Treatment (seedlings/ac/decade) Sugar pine: White fir: Jeffrey pine: Red fir: Incense cedar: Murphy et al., 2007 Other (lodgepole/w. white/whitebark pine): 0-360

27 Chris Carlson s post-wildfire # of seedlings/ac/decade min max Sugar pine 0 59 White fir Jeffrey pine Red fir Incense cedar 0 22 Other (lodgepole/w. white/whitebark pine)

28 Post-Disturbance Modeling Treelists from circa 2007 Need to update data to reflect changes from past fuels treatments and Angora Fire

29 Carlson, et al CSE Plots for updating treelists Surface Fuel Model updated via FCCS

30 Other Potential Data Sources LANDFIRE LIDAR-Derived Data

31 IFT-DSS Platform

32 Default Models Feedback on data to include in default model is welcome Other treatments modeled in FVS GIS layers related to potential constraints Tweaks to fuel model selection proces Contact Info: Jody Bramel

33 References Carlson, C.H., S. Dobrowski, and H. Safford (2010) Angora Fire Vegetation Monitoring Annual Progress Report Murphy, K., Rich, T., Sexton, T., An assessment of fuel treatment effects on fire behavior, suppression effectiveness, and structure ignition on the Angora Fire. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, R5-TP-025, Vallejo, CA. Scott, J. H. and R. E. Burgan Standard fire behavior fuel models: a comprehensive set for use with Rothermel s surface fire spread model. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-153.Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 72 p.