Fire Management in Dynamic Systems. Nick Skowronski, Kenneth Clark, and John Hom.

Transcription

1 Fire Management in Dynamic Systems Nick Skowronski, Kenneth Clark, and John Hom.

2 Silas Little Exp. Forest Oak/Pine Fort Dix Pine/Oak Manchester WMA Pine/Scrub Oak

3 USFS NJ Fire Danger Monitoring Console Most recent information collected as of February 3, 2009, 11:44 am Site Air Temp RH Wind Sp Peak Gust Wind Dir 10hr Fuel Moisture 10hr Fuel Temp 24hr Precip Hammonton N 0.05 Upper Deerfield N 0.02 Cream Ridge N Woodbine N 0.07 Oswego Lake NNW Silas Little NNW Fort Dix I N Cedar Bridge NNE Fort Dix II WNW 20 Ancora Hospital N Coyle Field 7 16 NNE Middlesex (RAWS) NNE Forsythe N 0 32 Berkeley Twp N Howell NNE 0.01 Legend: Relative Humidity < 40% < 30% < 20% Wind Speed/Gust > 15 > 20 > 25 Fuel Moisture < 20 < 15 < 10 From: Office of the NJ State Climatologist.

4 Fire Frequency and Acreage 6000 Fire Frequency Acreage by Month Number of Fires Acreage Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Ovt Nov Dec 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Month Large Fire Day (> 100 acres) Spring Summer Fall All BUI KBDI BI SC RH Data courtesy NJ Forest fire Service and US EPA

5 2004 Understory/Overstory Ratios At Slias Little Exp. Forest Understory/Overstory Windspeed Windspeed Leaf Off Mean: 0.29 Leaf On Mean: 0.15 Understory/Overstory Rad Solar Radiation Leaf Off Mean: 0.70 Leaf On Mean: Julian Day

6 Evaluation of hazardous fuel reduction treatments conducted by NJFFS

7 Fuel combustion (g m -2 ) Fuel consumption from 12 prescribed fires in Wharton State Forest Relationship between initial fuel loading and fuel consumption at these fires Combustion = 0.907x r 2 = Initial fuel loading (g m -2 )

8 Landscape-level fuel assessment

9 Downward Profiling Lidar

10 Cedar Bridge, Prescribed fire 2004 Cedar Bridge, Unburned

11 Height binned LIDAR data, cover classes color coded Percent cover 1-4m 14.2% 39.9% Skowronski et al. 2007

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13 Heavy fuel loads in WUI, Stafford Township, NJ

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16 1995 Manchester WMA Major Wildfire *LiDAR acquired summer, 2006

17 Derived Lidar Cover 1m through 20 meters

18 Biometric validation of two Lidar datasets to Canopy Bulk Density (kg/m 3 )

19 Before and after profiling LiDAR sampling of the Warren Grove Fire

20 Height (m) Height (m) Height (m) Pre Fire CBD (3a) No Fire Low Intensity Fire High Intensity Fire Post Fire CBD (3b) CBD Loss (3c) Canopy Bulk Density (kg/m 3 ) Height (m) Height (m) Height (m) No Fire (3d) Pre Fire Post Fire Low Intensity Fire (3e) High Intensity Fire (3f) Canopy Bulk Density (kg/m 3 )

21 Pre- Fire Post- Fire Height (m) Height (m) No Fire Low Intensity High Intensity No Fire Low Intensity High Intensity Z Score Z Score Vertical distribution of the CBD Getis-Ord Gi* statistic Pre- and Post-Fire. This Z-score represents the patchiness and magnitude of values as compared to the Global mean. A high positive z- score indicates a clumped areas with high values while a high negative represents a highly clumped area with low values relative to the Global mean.

22 2007 Warren Grove Wildfire Extent

23 Height Bin (m) New Warren Grove Dataset Bin 1 Bin 5 Bin 8 Red -Bin 1 Green -Bin 5 Blue -Bin 8

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26 1999 Bass River Fire Warren Grove Fuel Reduction Treatments

27 Unsupervised Classification for data reduction Class A Gypsy Moth Defoliation Class B Typical Oak-Pine Class C Young Pine Regeneration Class D Pitch-Pine Lowland

28 Maximum CBD (kg/m 3 ) Canopy Fuel Weight (kg/m 2 )