Specific Crop Standards Table of Contents

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1 Specific Crop Standards Table of Contents 1 Alfalfa Seed Certification Standards Bermudagrass Forage Certification Standards For Vegetatively Propagated Types..4 3 Bermudagrass Seeded Forage Type Certification Standards Bermudagrass Seeded Turf Type Certification Standards Cotton Seed Certification Standards Cowpea Seed Certification Standards Crabgrass Seed Certification Standards Grass Seed Certification Standards Guar Seed Certification Standards Millet Seed (Cross Pollinated) Certification Standards Mungbean Seed Certification Standards Okra Seed Certification Standards Peanut Certification Standards Small Grain Certification Standards (Oats, Barley, Rye and Triticale) Sorghum - Open-Pollinated - Seed Certification Standards Soybean Seed Certification Standards Turfgrass Sod Certification Standards TURFGRASS SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES Wheat Certification Standards (All Types). 39 1

2 1 Alfalfa Seed Certification Standards I. Amplification of General Certification Standards A. The General Certification Standards are amplified as follows to apply specifically to alfalfa seed. 1. The region of adaptation of seed production of a given variety shall be that recommended by the originating plant breeder and, in the United States, meeting the requirements of the National Certified Alfalfa Variety Review Board. 2. Foundation, Registered and Certified seed of alfalfa are produced under a limited generation system as defined in XLI A. Oklahoma growers located below the 36 parallel may produce only the Certified class of alfalfa seed of those varieties adapted to the northern and central regions. B. For a field of alfalfa to be eligible for certification, the grower must notify the Association during the year of planting that he intends to certify subsequent crops of the stand, although it is not necessary to certify the first or any subsequent year s crops. II. Land Requirements A. A crop of the same kind must not have been grown or planted on land for four, three and one year prior to stand establishment for producing the Foundation, Registered and Certified classes, respectively; except two years are required for the production of the certified class of seed of varieties adapted to the northern and central regions following varieties adapted to the southern region. B. During the year immediately prior to the seeding of any class of seed, the land shall be free from volunteer plants. No manure or other contaminating amendments shall be applied the year previous to seeding or during the established and productive life of the stand. III. Field Inspection Each year a seed crop in produced for certification, at least one official field inspection shall be made at such time as to best determine varietal purity. IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be filed, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2

3 2. Isolation 1 2 To be eligible for certification, an alfalfa seed field must be isolated from other alfalfa fields as follows: Class Less than 5 acres More than 5 acres Foundation 900 feet 600 feet Registered 450 feet 300 feet Certified 165 feet 165 feet³ 1 Isolation distance between classes of the same variety may be reduced to 25% of that indicated. 2 Isolation distance for certified seed production shall be at least 500 feet from varieties of dissimilar adaptation. 3 If the area of the isolation zone is 10% or less than 10% of the entire field, no isolation is required. B. Specific Field Requirements Standards for each class Other varieties 1 :Variety 1:100 1:400 1:100 Sweet clover None Other inseparable legumes None 1 plant per acre 1 plant per acre Objectionable weeds 2 None None None 1 In determining variety or strain purity, plants shall be recognized as impurities only when they can be distinguished with certainty. This also involves flower color and plant characteristics. 2 Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), dodder (Cuscuta ssp.) and dock (Rumex spp.) V. Referee Sample A representative one-pound sample of the seed as it is to be sold from each lot shall be submitted to the Oklahoma Crop Improvement Association. VI. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 99.00% 99.00% 99.00% Inert matter (maximum) 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% Weed seed (maximum) 0.10% 0.20% 0.50% Objectionable weeds (maximum) 1 None 9 per lb. 9 per lb. Prohibited weeds (maximum) 2 None None None Other kinds % 0.10% 0.50% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.10% 0.50% Total germination and hard seed 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% (minimum) 1 The following objectionable weeds may have a tolerance as listed in above table: red or sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), horsenettle (Solanum carolinese) and purple night shade (Solanum elaeagnifolium). 2 See Section XLI P. 3 Sweetclover seed (maximum): Foundation none; Registered 9 per lb; Certified 18 per lb. 3

4 2 Bermudagrass Forage Certification Standards For Vegetatively Propagated Types I. Amplification of General Certification Standards A. The General Standards are amplified as follows to apply specifically to forage Bermudagrass: B. Only those fields planted with Registered or Foundation sprigs will be eligible for certification. This crop is produced under a limited generation system as defined in section XLI A. C. For a field to be eligible for certification, the grower must notify the Association during the year of sprigging or sodding that he intends to certify subsequent crops, although he need not certify the crop the first or any subsequent year. II. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation or Registered planting stock must have been free of other strains of the same species for two consecutive years preceeding the year that it is to be planted. B. A field to be eligible for the production of Certified planting stock must have been free of other strains of the same species for one year preceeding the year that it is to be planted. C. A field to be eligible for the production of Certified planting stock must have been thoroughly inspected at a time prior to planting, when objectionable plants can be determined, and must have been found to be free of noxious weeds and other strains of the same species. Further, the field being inspected must not have been tilled or otherwise molested prior to the inspection in such a way as III. to obscure objectionable plants. Field Inspection A field inspection must be made each year that a Registered or Certified crop is to be harvested during the growing season at a time when there is sufficient growth to make the identification of other strains possible. The field inspection should be made in the late summer or fall of the year preceeding the year the roots are to be dug. IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field. The entire acreage standing at the time of inspection must be inspected as a unit. 2. Isolation A field to be eligible for certification must be isolated from any other perennial grass by a barrier that will prevent encroachment or mechanical mixing during harvest. 4

5 B. Specific Requirement Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties 1 None 0.1% 0.5% 1 Other varieties shall consist of all other strains of the species that can be differentiated from the variety that is being inspected. V. Planting Stock Standards Pure living sprigs (minimum by count).90.0% Other living plants (maximum by count..2.0% Total objectionable weeds (maximum) 1.None 1 Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus). 5

6 3 Bermudagrass Seeded Forage Type Certification Standards I. Amplification of General Certification Standards. A. The General Standards are amplified as follows to apply specifically to seeded type forage bermudagrass produced from vegetatively propagated fields. This is done in accordance with the procedure specified by the originator. B. Only those fields planted from sprigs harvested from breeder or Foundation fields will be eligible for certification. When fields are established by vegetative propagation for reproduction, from different clones, foundation plots of each clone must be maintained and inspected to insure genetic purity. (Standards for vegetative propagation will apply). This crop is produced under a limited generation system as defined in section XLI A. C. For a field to be eligible for certification, the grower must notify the Association in writing during the calendar year of planting or sprigging that he intends to certify subsequent crops, although he need not certify the crop the first year of any subsequent year. II. III. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous five years and must have included a cultivated crop for three years. B. A field to be eligible for the production of Certified seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous three years and must have included a cultivated crop for two years unless the crop was the same variety and passed field inspection for certification. All fields or portions of fields intended for certification must have a definite boundary such as a fence, ditch, roadway or barren strip at least ten feet wide. C. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation or Certified planting stock must have been thoroughly inspected at a time prior to planting (pre-plant inspection), when objectionable plants can be determined, and must have been found to be free of (or controlled/contained) noxious weeds and other strains of the same species being planted. Further the field being inspected must not have been tilled or otherwise molested prior to the inspection in such a way as to obscure objectionable weeds. Field Inspection A. Each field intended for certification must be inspected prior to planting and at harvest; one additional inspection shall be made after greenup and prior to heading depending on the type being inspected. A fall inspection may be applicable if needed. 6

7 IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation A field to be eligible for certification must be isolated from any other perennial grass, meeting isolation standards, by a barrier that will prevent encroachment or mechanical mixing during harvest. Forage Types *Minimum isolation distance required (ft.) Reproduction Foundation Certified C * When different classes of seed of the same variety are being grown in the same or adjacent fields, the isolation requirements may be reduced to 25% of that shown in the above table. B. Specific Requirements Maximum other varieties/off-types permitted in each class Forage Types Foundation Certified None 0.30%(by area) V. Seed Standards A. Specific Seed Standards Forage Type Standards for each class Foundation Certified Pure seed (minimum) 99.00% 98.00% Inert matter (maximum) 1.00% 2.00% Weed seed (maximum) 0.05% 0.25%* Prohibited weeds (maximum) ¹ None None Other kinds including other varieties (maximum) None 0.20% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.10% Total germination and hard seed (minimum) 85.00% 80.00% * Seeded Forage Bermudagrass may contain up to 0.75% weed seed if the percentage greater than.25% is crabgrass. VI. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least one-half pound as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 7

8 4 Bermudagrass Seeded Turf Type Certification Standards I. Amplification of General Certification Standards. A. The General Standards are amplified as follows to apply specifically to seeded type turf bermudagrass produced from vegetatively propagated fields. This is done in accordance with the procedure specified by the originator. B. Only those fields planted from sprigs harvested from breeder or Foundation fields will be eligible for certification. When fields are established by vegetative propagation for reproduction, from different clones, foundation plots of each clone must be maintained and inspected to insure genetic purity (Standards for vegetative propagation will apply). This crop is produced under a limited generation system as defined in section XLI A. C. For a field to be eligible for certification, the grower must notify the Association in writing during the calendar year of planting or sprigging that he intends to certify subsequent crops, although he need not certify the crop the first year of any subsequent year. II. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous five years and must have included a cultivated crop for three years. B. A field to be eligible for the production of Certified seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous three years and must have included a cultivated crop for two years unless the crop was the same variety and passed field inspection for certification. All fields or portions of fields intended for certification must have a definite boundary such as a fence, ditch, roadway or barren strip at least ten feet wide. C. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation or Certified planting stock must have been thoroughly inspected at a time prior to planting (pre-plant inspection), when objectionable plants can be determined, and must have been found to be free of (or controlled/contained) noxious weeds and other strains of the same species being planted. Further the field being inspected must not have been tilled or otherwise molested prior to the inspection in such a way as to obscure objectionable weeds. 8

9 III. Field Inspection A. Each field intended for certification must be inspected prior to planting and at harvest; one additional inspection shall be made after greenup and prior to heading depending on the type being inspected. A fall inspection may be applicable if needed. IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation A field to be eligible for certification must be isolated from any other perennial grass, meeting isolation standards, by a barrier that will prevent encroachment or mechanical mixing during harvest. *Minimum isolation distance required (ft.) Type Reproduction Foundation Certified Turf Types C *When different classes of seed of the same variety are being grown in the same or adjacent fields, the isolation requirements may be reduced to 25% of that shown in the above table. 3. Sod Production If the turf type seeded variety production field is established from clonal stock it may not be used for any class of certified sod production. Only Foundation seed may be used to produce Certified sod. B. Specific Requirements Maximum other varieties/off-types permitted in each class Foundation Certified Turf Types None 0.25% (by area) 9

10 V. Seed Standards A. Specific Seed Standards Turf Type Standards for each class Foundation Certified Pure seed (minimum) 99.00% 98.00% Inert matter (maximum) 1.00% 2.00% Weed seed (maximum) 0.05% 0.25%* Prohibited weeds (maximum) None None Other kinds including other varieties (maximum) None 0.20% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.10% Total germination and hard seed (minimum) 85.00% 80.00% * Seeded Turf Bermudagrass may contain up to 0.50% weed seed if the percentage greater than 0.25 is crabgrass. VI. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least one-half pound as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 10

11 5 Cotton Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements Land to be used for the production of Foundation, Registered and Certified cotton seed must be free from volunteer cotton plants. II. Field Inspection At least one inspection shall be made after blooming starts, preferably after some bolls are open. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be certified provided precautions can be taken to prevent contamination from the portion not certified. 2. Isolation a. For upland type cotton the isolation distance shall be a natural barrier or crop boundary, except minimum isolation shall be 100 feet if the contaminating source differs by easily observed morphological characteristics from the field to b e inspected. b. For Egyptian type cotton the isolation shall be 1320 feet from any other type of cotton for Foundation and Registered and 660 feet for Certified seed. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted Ratio of plants Other varieties:variety None 1:35,000 1:7,000 IV. Referee Sample A representative two-pound sample of the seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. V. Seed Standards Standard for each class Pure seed (minimum) 98.50% 98.50% 98.50% Inert matter (maximum) 1.50% 1.50% 1.50% Objectionable weeds (maximum) 1 None None 1 seed per 2 lb. Prohibited weeds (maximum) 2 None None None Other kinds including other None None None varieties (maximum) Germination (maximum) 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 1 Cocklebur (Xanthium spp.), Sandbur (Cenchrus pauciflorus). 2 See Section XLI P. 11

12 6 Cowpea Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements Cowpeas shall not be grown on land which was planted to cowpeas the previous year unless the preceeding crop was grown from certified seed of the same variety. II. Field Inspection Seed fields shall be inspected at least once prior to harvest, preferably after pods are well developed. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation A field of cowpeas for certification must be separated by at least ten feet from any other variety or uncertified field of the same variety. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties:variety 1:2000 1:1000 1:500 Other crops (inseparable) None 1:2000 1:1000 IV. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least two-pounds as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 98.00% 98.00% 98.00% Inert matter (maximum) 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% Weed seed (maximum) None None 0.10% Prohibited weeds (maximum) 1 None None None Other kinds including other 0.05% 0.10% 0.20% varieties (maximum) Other crop seed (maximum) None 0.05% 0.10% Disease lesions (maximum) % 0.10% 0.50% Total germination and hard 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% seed (minimum) 1 See Section XLI P. 2 Diseases that cannot be controlled by a suitable fungicide. 12

13 7 Crabgrass Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation or Registered planting stock must have been free of other strains of the same species for two consecutive years proceeding the year that it is to be planted. B. A field to be eligible for the production of Certified planting stock must have been free of other strains of the same species for one year proceeding the year that it is to be planted unless the preceeding crop was grown from certified seed of the same variety. C. A field that has been kept very clean of crabgrass for two years may also be used to produce Registered of Certified seed. (Based upon research that says the vast majority of crabgrass seed is gone after two years in the soil) II. Field Inspection A field inspection must be made each year after the crop is headed but prior to harvest. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. Chapter 1 Isolation A minimum boundary of 50 feet shall be the isolation for Crabgrass. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties None 1% 2% IV. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least one-half pound as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 13

14 V. Seed Standards A. General Seed Standards Maximum permitted in each class Weed Seed (maximum) % 0.30% 0.50% Prohibited weeds (maximum) 2 None None None Total other crop seed (maximum) 0.20% 1.00% 2.00% Other varieties (maximum) 0.10% 1.00% 2.00% Other kinds (maximum) 0.10% 0.10% 0.25% (For forage use) (maximum) 0.10% 0.10% 0.50% 1 Certified grass seed shall contain not more than 0.1 percent cheat. 2 See Section XLI P, also, Texas blueweed (Helianthus ciliaris), dock (Rumex spp.), ox-eye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), red or sheep sorrel Rumex acetosella), purple nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium), horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), and wild mustard (Brassica kaber). B. Specific Seed Standards Species Type of Reproduction Percent inert matter (maximum ) Percent weed seed (maximum) Percent pure seed (minimum) Percent germination (minimum) * F R C F R C F R C F R C Red River Crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris) S/C * Class of seed F = Foundation, R=Registered, C=Certified 14

15 8 Grass Seed Certification Standards I. Amplification of General Certification Standards. For a field of any perennial grass to be eligible for certification, the grower must notify the Association during the year of seeding that he intends to certify subsequent crops although he need not certify the field the first or any subsequent year. II. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous five years. B. A field to be eligible for the production of Registered or Certified seed must not have grown or been seeded to the same species during the previous year except to a certified class of the same variety equal or superior to that of the crop seeded. III. Field Inspection A field inspection must be made each year after the crop is headed but prior to harvest. IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of certification The unit of certification shall b e a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation Minimum isolation distance required (ft.) Symbol All cross-pollinated species C Strains at least 80% apomictic a Strains entirely apomictic A Highly self-fertile species S These species are classified in paragraph VI, Section B, under Specific Seed Standards. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties None 1% 2% V. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least one-half pound as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 15

16 Type of reproduction Percent inert matter (maximum ) Percent weed seed (maximum) Percent pure seed (minimum) Percent germination (minimum) VI. Seed Standards A. General Seed Standards Foundation, Registered and Certified seed shall meet the following general standards except for: Certified bromegrass seed which may contain not more than three percent alfalfa, alsike clover, white clover, red clover or their combinations. Maximum permitted in each class Weed Seed (maximum) % 0.30% 0.50% Prohibited weeds (maximum) 2 None None None Total other crop seed (maximum) 0.20% 1.00% 2.00% Other varieties (maximum) 0.10% 1.00% 2.00% Other kinds (maximum) 0.10% 0.10% 0.25% (For forage use) (maximum) 0.10% 0.10% 0.50% 1 Certified grass seed shall contain not more than 0.1 percent cheat. 2 See Section XLI P, also, Texas blueweed (Helianthus ciliaris), dock (Rumex spp.), ox-eye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum), red or sheep sorrel Rumex acetosella), purple nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium), horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), and wild mustard (Brassica kaber). B. Specific Seed Standards 1. Non-chaffy seeded species Species * F R C F R C F R C F R C Bromegrass, Smooth (Bromus inermis) C Fescue, Tall (Festuca C arundinacea) Lovegrass, Sand (Eragrostis trichodes) S Lovegrass, Weeping (Eragrostis curvula) S Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) C Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) C Wheatgrass, Western C (Agrophyron smithii) * Class of seed F = Foundation, R=Registered, C=Certified 16

17 Species 2. Chaffy seeded species Type of reproduction Pure live seed index 1 F R C * Bluestem, Big (Andropogon gerardi) C 12 Bluestem, Caucasian (A. caucasicus) A or S 12 Bluestem, Little (Andropogon scoparius) C 12 Bluestem, Sand (Andropogon hallii) C 12 Bluestem, Turkestan (A. ischaemum) A or S 12 Buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides) C 8 (burs) Buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides) C 60 (treated or dehulled) Grama, Blue (Bouteloua gracilis) C 24 Grama, Side-oats (B. curtipendula) ² C & A 30 Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) C 15 * Class of seed F = Foundation, R=Registered, C=Certified 1 Pure live seed index equals percent purity times percent germination divided by In determining germination for side-oats grama, the seed unit shall be defined as a spike containing one or more caryopses. 17

18 9 Guar Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements A crop will not be eligible for certification if planted where guar, other than a certified crop of the same variety, has grown during the previous three years. II. Field Inspection Fields shall be inspected at least once prior to harvest, preferably after pods are well developed. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation To be eligible for certification, a seed field must be isolated from fields of any other variety or uncertified fields of the same variety as follows: Isolation Distance In Feet Class B. Specific requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties:variety None 1:10,000 1:1,000 Other crops ¹ None None 1:2,000 Noxious weeds ¹ None None None Total disease 1.00% 2.00% 5.00% 1 Crops and/or noxious weeds producing seed that is similar in size to guar and cannot be cleaned from the seed by regular cleaning methods. 18

19 IV. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least two pounds as the seed is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 98.0% 98.0% 98.0% Inert matter (maximum) 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% Weed seed (maximum) None 0.05% 0.1% Prohibited weeds (maximum) ¹ None None None Other kinds including other varieties (maximum) None 0.1% 0.2% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.05% 0.1% Total germination and hard seed N.S. ² 85.00% 85.00% (minimum) 1 See Section XLI P. 2 No standards 19

20 10 Millet Seed (Cross Pollinated) Certification Standards I. Land Requirements In order to be eligible for certification, the crop of millet must be planted on land that did not produce millet the previous season unless the previous season s crop was grown from a certified class of seed of the same variety. II. Handling of Crop Prior to Inspection Roguing of off-types shall be done prior to blooming. III. Field Inspection A. Fields producing Foundation or Registered seed shall be inspected during bloom, preferably in full bloom. B. Fields producing Foundation, Registered or Certified seed shall be inspected before harvest but after the seed begins to mature. C. If off-type plants are found at the time of inspection, all seed heads within a radius of five feet of these plants shall be removed from the field before the field is approved for certification. IV. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation Standards for each class (feet) Minimum isolation from other varieties or the same variety produced from uncertified seed 1,320 1, The isolation between millets of different genus is 6 feet. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted for each class Other varieties (definite):variety 1:20,000 1:10,000 1:5,000 Other varieties (doubtful):variety 1:10,000 1:5,000 1:2,500 (5 plants) Other kinds None None Per acre Prohibited weeds ¹ None None None 1 See Section XLI P. V. Referee Sample A representative two-pound sample of the seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 20

21 VI. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 99.00% 99.00% 99.00% Inert matter (maximum) 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% Weed seed (maximum).05% % Prohibited weeds (maximum)¹ None None None Other kinds, including other varieties (maximum) None None 0.02% Germination (minimum) 70.00% 70.00% 70.00% 1 See Section XLI P. 21

22 11 Mungbean Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements The land shall not have produced mungbeans other than certified seed of the same variety the previous year. II. Field Inspection Seed fields shall be inspected at least once prior to harvest, preferably after pods are well developed. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation Mungbean fields intended for certification shall be separated from other mungbeans in such a manner as to prevent mechanical mixture. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties:variety None 1:10,000 1:1,000 Other crops (inseparable) None 1:10,000 1:1,000 Disease (total) 1.00% 2.00% 5.00% Bacterial blight (pod infection) 1.00% 2.00% 5.00% Mosaic 0.50% 1.00% 2.00% Anthracnose 0.30% 0.50% 1.00% IV. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least two-pounds of the seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 22

23 V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 95.0% 98.0% 98.0% Inert matter (maximum) 5.0% 2.0% 2.0% Weed seed (maximum) None 0.05% 0.1% Prohibited weeds (maximum)¹ None 0.1% None Other kinds including other varieties (maximum) None 0.1% 0.2% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.05% 0.1% Total germination and hard seed (minimum) N.S.² 85.0% 85.0% 1 See Section XLI P. 2 No Standards. 23

24 12 Okra Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements Certified seed must be produced on land which did not produce any other variety of okra or an uncertified crop of the same variety the previous year. It is recommended that okra for certified seed production be grown on land free of nematodes. II. Field Inspection Field inspection will be made after some of the pods have assumed their mature size. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field. 2. Isolation To be eligible for certification, an okra seed field must be isolated from fields of any other variety or fields of the same variety that do not meet the variety purity requirements for certification as follows: Class Feet Foundation 1,320 Registered 1,320 Certified 825 B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties (definite):variety None 1:2,500 1:1,250 Other varieties (doubtful):variety None 1:750 1:500 Inseparable noxious weeds ¹ None None None 1 Noxious weeds producing seed that are similar to okra seed in size and specific gravity so that they cannot be cleaned from the seed by the regular method of cleaning. IV. Referee Sample A representative one-pound sample of seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 24

25 V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 99.0% 99.0% 98.0% Inert matter (maximum) 1.0% 1.0% 2.0% Weed seed (maximum) None None 3 per lb. Prohibited weed (maximum) ¹ None None None Other kinds ³ None 0.01% 0.02% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.2% 0.5% Total germination and hard seed N.S. ² 65.0% 65.0% (minimum) 1 See Section XLI P. 2 No standards 3 Other kinds shall not exceed 2 seeds per lb. in Registered; 3 per lb. in Certified. 25

26 13 Peanut Certification Standards I. Land Requirements A crop of peanuts will not be eligible for certification if planted on land which grew peanuts the previous year unless the preceeding crop was grown from certified seed of the same variety. II. Field Inspection A field inspection shall be made at maturity and prior to harvesting. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a clearly defined field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation For the production of the Foundation class of seed, an isolation of at least 50 feet shall be required from peanuts of any other variety or those grown from uncertified seed of the same variety. For the Registered and Certified classes, the isolation shall be 25 feet. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties* None 0.2% 0.5% *Including other types (Examples: Spanish in runners or runner in Spanish.) IV. Referee Sample A representative sample of at least one pound of seed as it is to be sold and 1-½ pounds of untreated seed shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 26

27 V. Seed Standards A. General Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 90.00% 90.00% 90.00% Inert matter (maximum) 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% Weed seed (maximum) % 0.01% 0.01% Prohibited weeds (maximum) 1 None None None Other kinds including other varieties (maximum) 3 None 0.21% 0.52% Other kinds (maximum) None 0.01% 0.02% Other varieties (maximum) None 0.20% 0.50% Germination (minimum) 75.00% 75.00% 75.00% 1 See Section XLI P. 2 Total weed seed shall not exceed 5 per lb. 3 Other kinds shall not exceed 2 per lb. for Foundation; 2 per lb. for Registered; 3 per lb. for Certified. B. Specific Seed Standards ¹ Foundation, Registered and Certified seed may be graded and labeled in conformity with the following size designations and standards. Sizes Screens Large Ride a 19 slot. Regular Pass through 19 slot & ride 17 slot. Medium Pass through 17 slot & ride 15 slot. Small Pass through 15 slot & ride 13 slot. 1 These are suggested seed size standards for Spanish type peanuts not a requirement for certification. 27

28 14 Small Grain Certification Standards (Oats, Barley, Rye & Triticale) I. Land Requirements Small grains (oats, barley, rye and triticale) intended for certification shall not be grown on land which produced a small grain crop of the same kind the previous year unless the crop was from a certified class of seed of the same variety. One year must elapse between destruction of a stand of a variety and establishment of a stand of a specific class of a variety of the same kind. Requirement is waived if the previous crop was grown from a certified class of seed of the same variety. II. Field Inspection A field inspection will be made prior to harvest after the grain is fully headed and has assumed a mature color. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation a. Rye A field producing any class of certified seed must be isolated by at least 660 feet from rye fields of any other variety of the same chromosome number or uncertified fields of the same variety. Isolation between diploid and tetraploid rye shall be at least 15 feet. b. Barley, oats and triticale Field boundaries must be clearly marked. If boundaries are determined by means other than permanent fixtures (fences, roads, hedges, etc.), such boundary must be no less than 10 feet from a noncertified field of the same variety, another variety or other small grain. B. Special Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties (maximum) 1:3,000 heads 1:2,000 heads 1:1,000 heads Inseparable other crops (maximum) ¹ Objectionable weeds whose seed are inseparable (maximum) ² 1:10,000 heads 1:10,000 heads 1:2,000 heads None None None 28

29 1 Inseparable other crops shall include crop plants, the seed of which cannot be thoroughly removed by the usual methods of cleaning. Rye in winter wheat and barley in oats are well known examples. 2 Noxious weeds, seed of which are inseparable, must be destroyed by rouging or mowing before field inspection is made. Fields containing field bindweed shall be rejected in all cases. IV. Referee Sample A representative two-pound sample of seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) Barley, rye, triticale 96.00% 96.00% 96.00% Oats 98.00% 98.00% 98.00% Inert matter (maximum) Bbarley, rye, triticale ¹ 4.00% 4.00% 4.00% Oats 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% Weed seed (maximum) 0.10% 0.20% 0.50% Objectionable weeds (maximum) ² None None None Total other crop seeds (maximum) Barley, rye, triticale 0.06% 0.12% 0.25% Oats 0.21% 0.32% 0.55% Other varieties (maximum) Barley, rye, triticale 0.05% 0.10% 0.20% Oats 0.20% 0.30% 0.50% Other kinds (maximum) ³ 0.01% 0.02% 0.05% Germination (minimum) Wheat, oats, barley, triticale 85.00% 85.00% 85.00% Rye 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% Diseases Barley, rye or triticale shall not contain more than 2 percent inert matter other than broken seed. 2 See Section XLI P, also, Texas blueweed (Helianthus ciliaris), dock (Rumex spp.), hedge bindweed (Convolvulus sepium), and wild oat (Avena fatua). One seed per pound maximum allowable for cheat (Bromus secalinus), corncockle (Agrostemma githago), wild mustard (Brassica kaber), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus), horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). 3 For other small grains the maximum of 1 per pound in Foundation, 2 per pound in Registered and 5 per pound in Certified must not be exceeded. 4 If chemically controlled seed-borne diseases are noted upon field inspection or laboratory observation, seed treatment is required. 29

30 15 Sorghum - Open-Pollinated - Seed Certification Standards (Includes Grain, Forage and Syrup Sorghum, Sudangrass and Broomcorn) I. Land Requirements Certified seed must be produced on land which did not produce any other variety of sorghum or an uncertified crop of the same variety the previous year. II. Field Inspection Two field inspections shall be made on sorghums intended for foundation seed or registered seed production, one at blooming time and the other at maturity. One inspection is required on sorghum intended for certification after the crop has attained a mature color. Certified seed fields shall be inspected before harvest but after the seed begins to assume mature color. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation a. Minimum isolation distances from other common sorghums shall be 1,320 and 990 feet for the Foundation and Certified classes respectively. b. Minimum isolation distance for sorghum or broomcorn from sudangrass shall be 990 feet. c. Sudan shall be isolated 990 feet from any other sudangrass. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Foundation Certified Other varieties (definite) None 1:20,000 heads Other varieties (doubtful) None 1:4,000 heads Inseparable noxious weeds ¹ None None Kernel smut ² None 1:2,500 heads Head smut ² None 1:10,000 heads 1 Noxious weeds producing seed that are so similar to sorghum seed in size and specific gravity that they cannot be cleaned from the seed by the regular methods of cleaning. 2 If head or kernel smut is discovered in production field, the seed produced must be treated with material as recommended by the Experiment Station before such seed is finally approved to be sold as certified seed. 30

31 IV. Referee Sample A representative 2-pound sample of the seed as it is to be sold shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Foundation Certified Pure seed (minimum) 98.0% 98.0% Inert Matter (maximum) 2.0% 2.0% Weed seed (maximum) 0.1% 0.1% Prohibited weed seed (maximum)¹ None None Other kinds, including other varieties (maximum) ² 0.03% 0.07% Other varieties (maximum) None 2 seeds per lb. Germination (minimum) 80.0% 80.0% 1 See Section XLI P, also, hedge bindweed (Convolvulus sepium), dock (Rumex spp), and morningglory (Ipomoea spp.). 2 Other kinds shall not exceed 2 per lb. for Foundation; 10 per lb. for Certified. 31

32 16 Soybean Seed Certification Standards I. Land Requirements Soybeans shall be grown on land on which the previous crop was of another kind, or planted with a class of certified seed of the same variety or with a variety of a contrasting pubescence or hilum color. II. Field Inspection At least one field inspection shall be made prior to harvest preferably after the leaves have dropped. III. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification The unit of certification shall be a field, but a portion of a field may be approved provided the discarded portion can be harvested separately and is eliminated from certification. 2. Isolation Soybean fields intended for certification shall be separated from any other variety or uncertified field of the same variety by a distance adequate to prevent mechanical mixture. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class Other varieties:variety 1:1000 1:1000 1:500 Objectionable weeds ¹ None None None 1 Seeds of which cannot be readily separated from soybeans. IV. Referee Sample A two-pound sample of the seed as it is offered for sale shall be submitted to the Association for laboratory analysis. 32

33 V. Seed Standards Standards for each class Pure seed (minimum) 98.00% 98.00% 98.00% Inert matter (maximum) 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% Weed seed (maximum) None None 3 per lb Prohibited weeds (maximum)¹ None None None Other kinds (maximum) % 0.10% 0.10% Other varieties (maximum) % 0.10% 0.20% Germination 80.00% 80.00% 80.00% 1 See Section XLI P, also, horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) and silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium), moonflower (Calonyction muricatum), balloonvine (Cardiosperm halicacabum), cocklebur (Xanthium spp.), and morningglory (Ipomoea spp.). 2 Not to exceed 3 per pound in any class. Corn or sunflower seed Foundation and Registered none; Certified 1 per pound. 3 Off-colored beans due to environmental factors shall not be considered other varieties. 33

34 17 Turfgrass Sod Certification Standards I. Application of General Certification Standards A. The General Certification Standards are basic and together with the following specific standards constitute the certification standards for turfgrass. B. The terms turf, sod, sprigs, plugs, etc. are defined as vegetatively propagated planting materials. They may replace the word seed used in the general standards. For purposes of these standards, the term sod will be used to designate the various vegetatively propagated planting materials. C. The General Standards are modified as follows: 1. Foundation Sod may be planted to produce Registered Sod or Certified Sod. 2. Registered Sod may be planted to produce Certified Sod. 3. For Certified Sod produced from seeded types, only Foundation seed may be used to produce Certified Sod. After removal of the sod crop the field will be re-established from seed and treated as a new field. 4. Life of Stand: The life of the stand for vegetatively propagated stands will continue as long as the varietal and mechanical purity for the class is maintained unless a shortened life is stipulated by the breeder at the time of varietal release. The stand life of sod produced from seeded turf types shall be limited to one lifting of the sod. II. Planting Stock Standards Pure living sprigs (minimum by count).90.0% Other living plants (maximum by count)...1.0% Total objectionable weeds (maximum) ¹ None 1 Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus). III. Land Requirements A. A field to be eligible for the production of Foundation planting stock must have been free of other strains of the same species and perennial grass species for two consecutive years preceding the year that it is to be planted. B. A field to be eligible for the production of certified (all classes) planting stock must have been thoroughly inspected at a time prior to planting, when objectionable plants can be determined, and must have been found to be free of noxious weeds and other strains of the same species. Further, the field being inspected must not have been tilled or otherwise molested prior to the inspection in such a way as to obscure objectionable plants. C. A field producing certified sod from foundation seeded type varieties may be replanted in the current crop year and/or 34

35 IV. consecutive years if it is planted to the same variety and after eradication of the previous crop (same variety). Field Inspection A. Handling the crop after planting and prior to inspection: A field must be rogued and/or sprayed as needed to remove (1) other varieties, (2) other grasses, (3) objectionable and noxious weeds, and (4) common weeds in excess of agency standards. B. Number of inspections: 1. Pre-plant See II B. 2. Foundation, Registered, Certified. a. A minimum of two field inspections per year required when sod is to be harvested. First inspection should be 4-6 weeks after planting. b. A field inspection prior to each harvest when seed is to be harvested. c. One annual field inspection for maintenance of purity when no certified crop is harvested (May or October). V. Field Standards A. General 1. Unit of Certification A field or a portion of a field may be certified. 2. Isolation requirements: a. Plantings of vegetatively propagated turf grasses and seeded type turf grasses for the production of sod must be isolated from any other variety and other perennial grasses by an artificial barrier and/or strip at least six (6) feet wide to prevent mixing during the growing season and harvesting operation. b. Plantings of turf grasses where seed is to be harvested shall meet isolation requirements of Grass Seed Certification Standards. B. Specific Requirements Maximum permitted in each class *Other Varieties 1 per acre 2 per acre 5 per acre **Other Crops None None None Noxious/Objectionable Weeds None None None Other living plants (max per acre) *Other varieties shall consist of all other varieties of the kind being produced. **Other crops shall consist of all other kinds and varieties of perennial grasses. Should other varieties, other crops and or noxious weeds be found in excess of standard during field inspections roguing and eradication by spot spraying will be permitted to bring turf in line with standards. 35

36 VI. Sod Standards *Noxious Weeds None **Objectionable Weeds None *See General Certification Standards for list of Noxious Weeds (section XLI O&P). **Objectionable Weeds: Perennial sedges other than nutsedge (grass), Dichrondra spp. and Diodia spp. 36

37 TURFGRASS SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES 1. An official certificate or tag must accompany each shipment of certified sprigs, sod, plugs or turf. 2. An official tag must be attached to each bag of certified seed. 3. A complete record on the amount of certified sod sales will be maintained and made available to the official certifying agency. The record will include (a) class of certified sod sold (Foundation, Registered or Certified), (b) kind and variety, (c) field number, (d) date of harvest, (e) amount of sod shipped (square feet, cubic feet, bushels, etc). 4. Records required for Grass Seed Certification Standards will also apply for these turfgrass standards. Information and Fees for Turfgrass Inspections 1. Required Inspections (see standards for details) A. Normal Certification 1. Preplant One required before planting. 2. Annual Two per year required when sod is harvested. One before each harvest when seed is harvested. 3. Maintenance of Purity One per year required when sod or seed is not harvested. B. Special Certification Modified standards as agreed upon. These must be equal to or more stringent than OCIA normal standards. 2. Dates A. The deadline for filing applications for field inspections is MARCH 1 of each year. Only one application per year required for each variety/certification class/land section combination. An application cannot contain more than one variety, one certification class and fields within more than one section. B. Preferred inspection dated 2. Preplant October in year prior to planting. 3. Annual May, October. 4. Maintenance of purity July. 3. Mileage A. No mileage will be charged when applications are submitted prior to MARCH 1. B. A round-trip fee at the current IRS rate or a fee of $50 (whichever is greater) will be charged when applications are late. 4. Annual Application Fee (per applicant) A. $ /year for normal certification B. $ /year for special certification 5. Inspection Fees (each inspection/each field) A. Normal Certification Fee - $20.00/acre of part of acre up to 20 acres then $10.00/acre over Special Certification Inspection fees are same as for normal certification 7. Fees for additional requirements will be agreed upon prior to acceptance of modified standards. 37