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1 CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Mar 2004,15 (3) (, ), , GIS,, 15, , > > > > >,,, (2004) S159 A Temporal and spatial change of land use in Horqin Desert and its outer area ZHAN G Yongmin, ZHAO Shi2 dong ( Institute of Geographical Sciences and N atural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) 2Chin J A ppl Ecol,2004,15 (3) Based on two sets of land use data (1985 and 2000), the land use change in Horqin Desert and its outer area, in both spatial and temporal aspects, was studied with the tools of geographical information system ( GIS) and statistics in this paper Conclusions of this study are drawn as follows From 1985 to 2000, the area order of in2 dividual land use changes was grassland > plough land > forestland > unused land > water body > residential and industrial land As to the form of changes, the swapping area was greater than its quantitative change for forest2 land while the quantity change was greater, with different degree, than swap for the rest 5 land use types As a whole, the quantity change was far greater than its swap The analysis of land use dynamics showed that the speed of individual land use changes was in order of cultivated land > water body > grassland > forestland > unused land > residential and industrial land in sequence Meanwhile, there was notable difference of land use change a2 mong counties in the region For plough land change, Zhalute county was the greatest, Naiman the smallest For forest change, Naiman was the greatest, Kalaqin the smallest For grassland change, Tongliao city was the greatest, Alukerqin the smallest For water change, Kezuozhongqi was the greatest, Balinzuoqi the smallest For residential and industrial land change, Naiman was the greatest, Alukerqin the smallest Finally, the change of unused land is more obvious in Chifeng city As to the spatial change, 9 major land use change types were i2 dentified Wherein, the change from grassland to plough land, expanding from the center of Horqin desert to2 wards its outer counties, was still the most important land use change for the whole study area In addition, the construction of protective forest for grassland in Naiman, the return from plough land to forestland in Kezuozhongqi, the return from plough land to grassland in Tongliao city, the deforestation for plough land in Kukun county, the degradation of grassland in Zhaluteqi, the exploit of river beach in Kailu, the reclamation of unused land in Kezuohouqi, and the regeneration of natural vegetation in Alukerqin were all important regional characteristics of land use change during the past 15 years Key words Horqin desert land, Land use, Temporal and spatial change 1 / [11 15,16,18,20 ], ( ) 20 90, GIS [2,5,6 ], 20 80, [3,9,10,22 ] / 3 ( G ) ( ) , Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

2 430 15, ( < 10 ) (1), j, 2 ( 1) k i, k + 1 j ; A k ( N, E, 180 k m), km 2 ( 1), A ij B ij, , 1985, %, = A ij 100/ 6 6 A ij, k i j = % k + 1 j ; C ij = A ij 100/ 6 6 A ij, k + 1 j ( ) [ 7 ] i = TM ; k i 6, 24 ; k k + 1 ( ) coverage, GIS ARC/ INFO 8102, GIS ( ), k 2, cover2 312 age 100 m 100 m ;,, ,,,, 3 311, 2 (1) C i j = A k i j 10 + A k +1 j i C i = 6 6 i = 2 A ij j = 2 A ij 6 6 j = 2 A ij, k + 1 ;,, (2) (4) Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

3 Table 1 Land use / cover change matrix from 1985 to 2000 in Horqin desert and its outer area( hm 2 ) Item ( / %) Total of 1985 Cultivated land Forest Grassland Water Residential & industrial land Unused land (Percentage) A Cultivated B land C (22162) A Forest B C (10191) A Grassland B C (51107) A Water B C (2132) A Residential & B industrial land C (1197) A Unused land B C Total Percentage ( %) (100) Change rate ( %) [4,8 ] ( 2) S j =2 min ( P j + + P jj, P + j - P jj ) (2) Q j =max ( P j + - P jj, P + j - P jj ) - min ( P j + - P jj, P + j - P jj ) (3) C j = S j + Q j (4), S j j, Q j, j, C j j ; P j + P + j 1985 j 2000 j, P jj Table 2 Swap and quantity change of individual land use categories, ( hm 2 ) Item Gain Loss Total Quantity change Swap change Cultivated land Forest Grassland Water Residential and industrial land Unused land Total ,,,,,, ,, 1,, [19 ] K = ( U b - U a ) U - 1 a T % (5) 2 [17 2, , ], K =[ ( U a - U c ) + ( U b - U c ) ] U - 1 a T - 1 > > > > > 100 % (6) ;,, K T, U a, U b ;,, U c Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

4 432 15, 2 [1 ], R = K b - K a C a (8), K a C b - C a, K a K b ; C a C b L C = 6 L U i - j / i 6 L U i T % (7) i R, L U i i 1, ; L U i - j i, j ; T 4, 3,, ,,, 0113 ;, 0108 %,, 64197, 1103 % 0119 %, 0101 ;, ,, 0128 % ;, 0117 ;, > > > > > 3176,, 0101 ; 3 Table 3 Indexes of individual land use dynamic change in Horqin desert and its outer area Land use type Gain rate Loss rate Change rate Dynamics Cultivated land Forest Grassland Water Residential and industrial land Unused land Total , 5185, ; ,15, 5 %, 9,, ( 5) , 3 4 Table 4 Relative change rate of classified land use in individual counties( %) Region Cultivated land Forest Grassland Water Residential and industrial land Unused land Chifeng city Alukeerqin banner Balinzuo banner Balinyou banner Linxi county Keshiketeng banner Wengniute banner Kalaqin banner Ningcheng county Aohan banner Tongliao city Kezuozhong Banner Kezuohou banner Kailu county Kulun banner Naiman banner Zhalute banner The land of Huolinguole was include in Zhalute banner Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

5 Table 5 Major land use changes in Horqin desert and its outer area Land use change types Change area (hm 2 ) Percentage ( %) From grassland to cultivated land From unused land to grassland From grassland to forest From forest to cultivated land From cultivated land to grassland From water to cultivated land From grassland to unused land , ; 3, ;,,, 2 ;,, ; [1,21 ],,, ;,, D = ( N i / N ) 100 % (9), D, N i 31313, N, [21 ] ; 6,, 2 IV = D + B,, IV ; D 9 82 % 2120 %, ; B 2, 7, , 6 ( %) Table 6 Frequency of major land use changes in Horqin desert and its outer area( %) Region From cultivated From cultivated From forest to From grassland to From grassland From grassland From water to From unused land From unused land land to forest land to grassland cultivated land cultivated land to forest to unused land cultivated land to cultivated land to grassland Tongliao city Kezuozhong banner Kezuohou banner Kailu county Kulun banner Naiman banner Zhalute banner Chifeng city Alukeerqin banner Balinzuo banner Balinyou banner Linxi county Kshiketeng banner Wengniute banner Kalqinbanner Ningcheng county Aohan banner Total area Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

6 Table 7 Important value of major land use changes in Horqin desert and its outer area( %) Region From cultivated From cultivated From forest to From grassland to From grassland From grassland From water to From unused land From unused land land to forest land to grassland cultivated land cultivated land to forest to unused land cultivated land to cultivated land to grassland Tongliao city Kezuozhong banner Kezuohou banner Kailu county Kulun banner Naiman banner Zhalute banner Chifeng city Alukeerqin banner Balinzuo banner Balinyou banner Linxi county Kshiketeng banner Wengniute banner Kalqinbanner Ningcheng county Aohan banner Total area , ;, %, ;,, ;,, 15, ;, ,, 9,,, ;,,,,, , 414, >, > > > > ;,,,, ;, ( ), 412, 15, > > > >,,,, > ; 2,, ;,! Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co, Ltd All rights reserved

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