Develop the sustainable provisioning services of ecological systems

Transcription

1 Woody biomass Develop the sustainable provisioning services of ecological systems CHALLENGE 1 C. Plomion- Challenge 1 EFPA Division Evaluation July Meet the increasing and diversifying societal demands Need to enhance competitiveness Meet the increasing and diversifying societal demands Need to enhance competitiveness Environmental issues Deficit of the foreign trade balance: 6b Deficit of the foreign trade balance: 6b Reforestation & afforestation attenuate global warning through carbon sequestration Mitigation: CO 2 +water+solar energy wood+o Sustainable, applies to wood biomass production Sustainable, applies to wood biomass production Woody biomass= broad term used against uses.05.06

2 Sustainable, applies to wood biomass production Woody biomass= broad term used against uses Forest systems= production based on forests and woodlands from natural to highly managed stands. OUTLINE Expected impacts and outputs Socio-economic, political, & environmental context Institutional context Division implementation SWOT analysis knowledge-based innovations ( combination of knowledge) to intensify wood production mainly in dedicated systems 1- EXPECTED IMPACTS AND OUPUTS new silvicultural regimes improved varieties optimization of C, H 2 O and nutrients balances knowledge-based innovations to intensify wood production A new EFPA division organization knowledge-based innovations to intensify wood production A new EFPA division organization to take into account all ecosystem services synergy complementarity antagonisms minimize the risks and ensure adaptation Interaction between challenges Scientific animation Impacts on stakeholders decision support tools to intensify the production shift in practice reorganization of forest areas reorganization of the forestry sectors

3 24 millions ha (temperate + Mediterranean 16, tropical 8) 2- SOCIO-ECONOMIC, POLITICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT millions ha (temperate + Mediterranean 16, tropical 8) A potentially harvestable biological production largely under-utilised. Evolution of growing stock ( ) 24 millions ha (temperate + Mediterranean 16, tropical 8) A potentially harvestable biological production largely under-utilised. *Technical causes (accessibility ) *small size + fragmentation of private forest holdings that leads to higher costs in forest management *Regulatory aspects constraining the over exploitation but not the under exploitation Mainland France 16 millions ha Biological production 85 Mm 3 / year Harvest 44 Mm 3 / year Export rate from the forest 49% sustainability indicator standing volume Mm 3 / year Annual external ldfiit deficit of the forestry wood chain: 6 billions (12% of the total) millions ha (temperate + Mediterranean 16, tropical 8) A potentially harvestable biological production largely under-utilised. Two major challenges: INCREASE harvest rate and PROMOTE biomass production replacing fossil C by renewable C SUSTAINABLY 2007: several forum in France «Grenelle de l Environnement», «Assises de la Forêt» defining new objectives in terms of annual harvest Consideration of other ecosystem services in numerous political and regulatory initiatives (cf. in 2001: general law promoting the multifunctional forestry delivering economic, environmental, social and cultural benefits) A difficult equation to solve for the future: Maintain the production in the presence of increasing biotic and biotic constraints in a sustainable way. 3- INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT

4 Challenge 1 At the crossroad of several INRA priorities INTEGRATION OF THE ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCES OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PREDICTIVE APPROACHES IN BIOLOGY BIOMASS CONVERSION FOR CHEMICALS AND ENERGY AGROECOLOGY 4- DIVISION IMPLEMENTATION This challenge aims at developping/improving forest management options/models, silvicultural techniques and genetic resources, to ensure: improved wood quality and higher sustainable yields, better adaptation of forest systems to a continuously changing environment, while preserving the forest capacity to provide on long term for essential ecosystem services such as C sequestration, conservation of biodiversity, regulation of water, soil and nutrient cycles, or recreation activity. With the other challenges.021 Main lines of the strategic plan defined in 2010, approved by the GD in but still in discussed within the division P1: Promote sustainability of woody biomass production systems P2: Structure wood related research activities P3: Predict the phenotype from genomic information P1 : Improve productivity of forest systems P2 P2: Assess and promote the sustainability of woody biomass production P3 P3: Integrate biology and material sciences for developping indicators of wood qualities Forefront science related to intensification of wood production Provide the ecological basis for a sustainable intensification Organization of research activities in wood sciences.022 P1: : Improve productivity of forest systems Mutifactorial modelling of wood productivity = f(interactions resource x silvicultural regime x environment timber harvest targets) challenge 4 Wood science P1: : Improve productivity of forest systems Mutifactorial modelling of wood productivity = f(interactions resource x silvicultural regime x environment timber harvest targets) challenge 4 Wood science Optimisation of C, H 2 0, and nutrients cycling consideration of coupling challenge 2 Optimisation of C, H 2 0, and nutrients cycling consideration of coupling challenge 2 See L. St André Valorisation of intraspecific variabilityby breeding Valorisation of intraspecific variabilityby breeding

5 P1: : Improve productivity of forest systems Mutifactorial modelling of wood productivity = f(interactions resource x silvicultural regime x environment timber harvest targets) challenge 4 Wood science Accelerating tree domestication.through molecular breeding Polymix breeding Genomic relationship matrix Genomic selection 10s 1,000 s 10,000s markers Optimisation of C, H 2 0, and nutrients cycling consideration of coupling challenge 2 Valorisation of intraspecific variabilityby breeding Expected impact of Genomic Selection in trees Time gain: acceleration of breeding cycle allow diversification of varieties Improved selection precision Allow higher selection intensity more productive varieties i Allow multitrait breeding sustainability of new varieties, avoid productivity gaps Allow monitoring genetic diversity more precisely fuel for adaptation Implementation of proof of concept experiments BIOGECO AGPF Partners INRA FCBA ONF CPFA CRPF INRA FCBA IRSTEA ONF Scientific animation SELGEN metaprogram NOVELTREE PROCOGEN Means P2: Assess and promote the sustainability of woody biomass production knowledge of actual and future resources : (inventory, spatialisation of environmental factors underlying productivity) challenge 4 Modelling the impact of production systems on C & environmental balance of the forestry wood chain (production, transformation, use, recycling) development of methods and assessment tools (decision support systems, optimization of silvicultural regimes, multi criteria analysis) and the analysis of acceptability. Modelling of ecophysiological and biogeochemical ecosystem functioning (C and water balance, nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil fertility), and modelling of growth and yield evolution with age; challenge 2 Evaluation and reduction of physical (soil compaction), sanitary and environmental risks in the context of intensification, & promote resilience capacity of production systems challenges 3 & 4 Definition of ideotypes (silviculture x abiotic and biotic environments x genetic material) maintaining high productivity challenge 4 NOM DE L AUTEUR / NOM DE LA PRESENTATION Economy Microbiology Soil science Entomology Pathology.029 JOUR / MOIS / ANNEE P3: : Integrate biology and material sciences for developping indicators of wood qualities *study the genetic, physiological and environmental determinisms of wood formation and analyse their consequences on wood properties Molecular biology Genomics Wood: as a complex biological structure fulfillingseveralfunctions *formalize the relationships between: wood structures / wood properties / ecological and genetics industrial indicators of wood qualities challenges 2, 3 Xylology *Understand the relationship between indicator Dendrochronology properties of qualities défis 2&3 as a standing timber resource intended *Anticipate changein wood qualities associated with for multiple uses intensification and global changes défi4 Biomecanics *HT phenotyping of wood properties ( as a raw material serving several uses through a series of multiple transforming processes, CEPIA).030 NOM DE L AUTEUR / NOM DE LA PRESENTATION JOUR / MOIS / ANNEE About 40 scientists (AGPF/AMAP/BIOGECO/ECOFOG/EEF/LERFOB/PIAF), 10 associated colleagues from Agroparis Tech

6 300 PY full-tenure researchers and engineers French wood research From B Thibaut report Orléans UR AGPF UE GBFOR Nancy UMR LERFOB UMR EEF INRA 80 PY (EFPA>EA,CEPIA) Bordeaux UMR BIOGECO UE Pierroton Clermont-Ferrand/ UMR PIAF Montpellier Kourou UMR AMAP UMR ECOFOG 5- SWOT analysis STRENGTHS Multidisciplinarity/multiscale/ modelling experimentationobservation Facilities, plantation networks, observatories, genetic resources Links with stakeholders New hires OPPORTUNITIES Societal demand & diversification Mitigation of climate change New scientific animation (WOOD research pooling) European partnership WEAKNESSES Lack of interdisciplinarity (but some ray of hope!) Lack of interaction with social and economic sciences Lost of scientific & technical competencies in the near future Lack of training in forest sciences / intensification THREATS Lack of national incentive /intensification Ideological position «Forest= natural areas for other ecosystem services» Competition with agricultural land Loss of competitiveness of the forestry sector.033