MINISTRY OF FORESTRY FOREST DEPARTMENT. Study. Project

Transcription

1 THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNION OF MYANMR MINISTRY OF FORESTRY FOREST DEPARTMENT Study on Utilization of Plantation Teak Pre Project CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) Project Completion Report 1 October, September, 2009 February, 2009

2 1. Background Information of the Project 1.1 Development Objective 1.2 Specific Objectives 1.3 Outputs Specific Objective 1.4 The Strategy 1.5 Work Plan Table of Content Acknowledgements 2 Project Identification Project Context Project Design and Organization 3.1 Project Design 3.2 Project Rationale 3.3 Project Formulation 3.4 Project Structure 4. Project Implementation 4.1 Difference between Planned and Implementation 4.2 Measures and Actions that could have avoided these Variation 4.3 Appropriateness of the Assumption 4.4 Project Sustainability 4.5 Appropriateness of Project Inputs 5. Project Results 5.1 Situation Existing at Project Completion 5.2 Achievement of the Specific Objectives 5.3 Impact of the Project Results on the Sectoral Program, Physical and Social Environment and Target Beneficiaries. 5.4 Project Sustainability Page Synthesis of the Analysis 6.1 Logical Framework 7. Conclusion and Recommendation 7.1 Development Lessons 7.2 Operational Lessons 7.3 Recommendations for Future Projects CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I)

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude to the Ministry of Forestry of Myanmar, CFC and ITTO for supporting this project and making its implementation possible. At the same time, I would also like to thank U San Lwin, Director General of Planning and Statistics Department and U Aye Myint Maung, Director General of the Forest Department for giving me the opportunity to implement this project as the National Project Manager and for their constant guidance and support in making this project successful. Thanks are also due to the Officers and staffs of the Myanmar Timber Enterprise and Myanmar Forest Products & Timber Merchant s Association who have helped and cooperated with us very well. The information that we needed would not have been complete without the help and cooperation of the Managers and staffs of the timber factories that we have visited in Mandalay and Yangon Townships, and their good will is heart-fully acknowledged. I would also like to acknowledge with thanks to the members of my project team who have worked so hard and strongly supported me in the implementation of this project. The last but not the least, I would like to thank our Projects Manager Dr. Tetra Yanuariadi of ITTO for his patience, constant support and guidance during the implementation of this project. Khin Maung Oo National Project Manager CFC/ITTO/73FT PPD68/03 Rev.2(I) Myanmar CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 2

4 CFC /ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) Study on utilization of plantation teak PROJECT IDENTIFICATION TITLE : Study on utilization of plantation teak SERIAL NUMBER : PPD68/03 Rev.2 (I) EXECUTING AGENCY : Forest Department HOST GOVERNMENT : Government of Myanmar STARTING DATE : 6 October, 2008 ACTUAL DURATION : 12 Months ACTUAL PROJECT COST : Myanmar Government contribution 3,132,364 Kyats (in kind) CFC via ITTO contribution $ 80,000 PROJECT SITE : Yezin DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE : To promote downstream processing and utilization of value added products of plantation teak on a sustainable basis. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 3

5 1. Background Information of the Project Myanmar teak has been greatly used for over a century all over the world. This is due to its unique qualities such as ease of workability, strength, stability and durability. Production however is decreasing because of increase in illicit felling and encroachment for agriculture purposes. Most of the natural forests that are producing natural teak are degraded and the rate of deforestation is high. In order to reduce the pressure on the natural forests and supplement its production, the need for forming teak plantation is well pronounced today. Small scale teak plantation has been established since 1856, more attention was given in the 1960 s and increased efforts for establishing large scale plantations were made in early 1980 s. Due to the consciousness on the need for establishment of more teak plantation, the Forest Department has launched a Special Teak Plantation Programme starting in Thus, vast areas of teak plantation of different ages exist. Up to the year 2007, 948,784 acres of teak plantation existed. However, Myanmar people are used to using only large size teak logs from the natural forests, and the wood industries are designed mainly for utilization of large size timber. Thus, a change in the concept of utilizing smaller size plantation teak is needed. Consequently, upgrading of the wood industry to fit in with the utilization of plantation teak as raw material is also required. In order to support this concept and the change needed, tests on the properties of plantation teak of different ages is needed to be done and the results to be disseminated to the stakeholders. Moreover, promotion of the utilization of plantation teak for the production of value added products is also important and this was accounted for in the formulation of a bigger regional project for submission to ITTO. 1.1 Development Objective To promote downstream processing and utilization of value added products of plantation teak on a sustainable basis. 1.2 Specific Objective To assess properties and processing technologies of local plantation teak, and through a regional workshop, formulate a project proposal that promotes a regional partnership to improve the efficient and diversified utilization of plantation teak in key teak producing countries in ASEAN region. 1.3 Outputs CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 4

6 1.3.1 Specific Objective The specific objective has 3 expected outputs Technical information on properties and utilization of local plantation teak collected Collection of timber samples from plantations 25 samples each of teak thinning were collect from 4 different plantations of 4 different ages. Age (years) Compartment No. Reserve Township Saiya Yedashe 20 Coupe XVI Kabaung Protected Forest Oktwin Minpyin Leway Thantwe Thantwe Collection of 15 years old thinning posts Extraction of thinning posts Testing the properties and characteristics of wood Collected samples were tested for timber physics and mechanics, wood chemistry, natural durability, wood drying and anatomical properties Physical and Mechanical properties CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 5

7 Physical properties tests were conducted in accordance with the instruction in ASTM (D ) Standards. Mechanical properties were investigated by the B.S. 373 (1957) British standard. For the physical properties test, namely, moisture conten %, specific gravity, density, shrinkage and dimensional stability, 18 samples were prepared for testing. Sample preparation for four different ages (15,20, 25 and 30) was done at the FRI saw mill. Radial Shrinkage, tangential shrinkage and specific gravity properties of three different ages (15, 20 and 30) were tested. Measurement for Physical Properties Table 1. Some Physical Properties of different ages Machines for Measuring Mechanical Properties Age (yr) 14 Seasoning Green Average Moisture Content Specific gravity Density (kg/m ) Longitudinal Radial (%) % (%) Shrinkage (Green to Oven Dry) Tangential (%) 5.2 Volu metric (%) 7.45 Dimen sional Stability 1.99 Air Dry Green Air Dry Green Air Dry Green Air Dry CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 6

8 Sample preparation of Mechanical Properties, namely, moisture content %, static bending, compression parallel to grain, compression perpendicular to grain and hardness, for four different ages of thinning poles at green condition and at air dry was done. Green condition for static bending, compression parallel to grain and compression perpendicular to grain was tested by using Shimadzu Autographic test. Table 2. Some Mechanical properties of different agess Age (yr) Sea soning MC % 14 Green Air dry Green Air dry Green Air dry Green Air dry 12 MOE Nmm 2 Static bending MOR FS@PL Nmm Nmm Average Compression Parallel FS@PL Nmm 2 MCS Nmm Compression Hardness Perpendicular FS@PL Radial Tangential End Nmm 2 kn kn kn Wood Anatomy Characteristics Preparation of the wood sample for the four different ages of thinningg poles was carried out and measurements of the cells to compare thee quantities and qualities off wood cellss were done in the Wood Anatomyy Section of the FRI. Slide Preparation for Anatomical Properties Observation of Anatomical Characteristics CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 7

9 Table 3 Comparison on Qualitative Characteristics of Different Ages of Plantation Teak Sr. No Qualitative Characters Year Growth rings Textur e Grain Porosity Fiber type Fiber septation Ray type Tyloses Gum deposits Crystal Black stripe Distinct Coarse Straight or Interlock Distinct Coarse Straight or Interlock Distinct Coarse Straight or Interlock Distinct Coarse Straight or Interlock Ring porous Libriform Septate Heterogeneous Ring porous Libriform Septate Heterogeneous Ring porous Librifom Septate Heterogeneous Ring porous or occasionally diffuse to semiring porous Libriform Septate Heterogeneous Abundant Present Absent Absent Present Present Absent Absent Present or rare Present or rare Present Absent Present Present Absent Absent Table 4 Comparison on Quantitative Characteristics of Different Ages of Plantation Teak Sr. No Qualitative Characters Year Vessel No/mm² (average) Vessel diameter (average) Vessel length (average) Fiber length (average) Fiber width (Average) Fiberwall Thickness (average) Lumen width (average) Multiseriate ray height (average) Multiseriate ray width (average) µm µm µm µm 4.54 µm µm µm µm µm µm µm µm 4.41 µm µm µm µm µm µm µm µm 4.51 µm µm µm µm µ m µm µm µm 4.21 µm µm µm µm Natural Durability Test Natural durability test of the test samples was carried out using the Agar Block Test described by Findlay (1938) where Schyzophyllum commune white rot fungus was used to determine the natural durability. The incubation period was 16 weeks. The results of the 3 youngest samples were obtained in the first week CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 8

10 of April while that of the 30 years old samples were obtained only by the last week of April. Samples for Natural Durability Test Culture of Schyzophyllum commune white rot fungus for Natural Durability Test Table 5. Results of the investigation on Natural Durability of Plantation Teak at Different Ages Age Wood Zone Weight Average Durability Durability Class (yr) Loss (%) Rating* 14 year old Sapwood Durable Heartwood Juvenile year old Sapwood Durable Heartwood Juvenile year old Sapwood Durable Heartwood Juvenile year old Sapwood Very Durable Heartwood Juvenile * ANFOR, Wood Drying Test In order to investigate the kiln schedule, samples from all the different sites and different ages were tested for kiln drying and air drying. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 9

11 Air Drying Test Kiln Drying Test Table 6. Total volume of poles, lumber and outturn percentage Age Total vol. of Total No. of Total vol. of Outturn percentage (years) pole (ft 3 ) boards lumber (ft 3 ) Average 55.7 Table7. Results of Quick Drying Test Age (yrs.) initial check Grating of defects Estimated Condition Initial moisture Deformation internal check initial DBT initial WBD final DBT (º content (%) (º C) (º C) C) Estimated drying time (days) Schedule Code * D44/W D44/W D44/W D53/W43 DBT = Dry Bulb Temperature CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 10

12 WBD = Web Bulb Depression (DBT WBT) WBT = Web Bulb Temperature * D = indicate the code number of patternized temperature schedule W = indicate patternized web bulb depression schedule (Source: Hisada. et.al., 1986) Heartwood and Sapwood Measuring the width andd counting the growth rings in heartwood and sapwood from 20 discs off 10 trees for all tested ages was done in Wood based Section. The results were as given in table 6: Samples for Counting Growth Rings Table 8. Average sapwood conten %, juvenilee wood content % and growth rate per Centimeter of the tested poles of the different ages Age (year) SW content % Average JW content % GR per cm Note: SW = Sapwood; JW= Juvenilee wood; GR= Growth rate Information Collection Information collection on thee current situation of Myanmar wood based industries, especially on the raw material availability, market condition and furniture wood based industries by using plantation teak was carried out in (20) teak wood based furniture industries in Yangon and Mandalay Townships. The furniture factories that were visited in Yangon and Mandalay townships were: 1. Teak farm Industryy (Myanmarr Forest Products & Timber Merchants Association. MFPTMA), Yangon. 2. United Wood Garden Furniture Industry. (Myanmar Forest Products & Timber Merchants Association. MFPTMA), Yangon. 3. No. (6) Furniture Industry (MTE), Yangon 4. Hi Tech Forest Industries, Mandalay CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 11

13 5. Myanmar May Kaung Co. Ltd, Mandalay 6. Myit War Co. Ltd, Mandalay 7. Win Mar Lar Aung Co.Ltd, Mandalay 8. Golden Pollen Saw Mill, Mandalay 9. Da Yan Co. Ltd, Mandalay 10. Jellewary Luck Co. Ltd (JLC), Mandalay 11. Hay Man Co. Ltd, Yangon 12. Fly man Co. Ltd, Yangon 13. Asia Wood Co. Ltd, Yangon 14. Cambawza Thitsa Hlaing Co Ltd, Yangon 15. No. (7) Furniture Factory, MTE, Yangon 16. No. (1) Plywood Factory, MTE, Yangon 17. National wood Co.Ltd, Yangon 18. Moegoke Pride Co. Ltd, Yangon 19. Myanmar Teak Wood Industry, Yangon 20. Myanmar Technology Wood Based Industry, Yangon Information of teak wood based industries for ASEAN regions were also downloaded from Internet. Technical Paper on the current Situation of Myanmar wood based industries was also prepared. The current situation of the teak wood based industries in Yangon and Mandalay are as shown in table 9 below: Multiple Wood Working Machine at Yangon Wood Based Industry Teak Value added Products Produced at Mandalay Wood Based Industry CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 12

14 Table 9. The current situation of teak wood base industries in Yangon and Mandalay Sr. no Name of Company Products Export destination Remarks Yangon Township 1. Teak farm Industry Garden furniture, Bathroom furniture, Laminated wood, Finger joint, Parquet China, Thai, Europe Need to upgrade machine to use plantation teak 2. United wood Industry Garden furniture China, Thai, Europe Need to upgrade machine to use plantation teak 3. No.6 Furniture Factory, MTE Finger joint, Laminated wood Thai Can use Plantation Teak (PT) 4. Hayman Co., Ltd Finger joint Japan Need to upgrade machine to use plantation teak 5. Fly Man Co.,Ltd Lanparquet, T&G Italy, Singapore Need finger joint machine 6. Asia wood Co., Ltd Garden furniture, Flooring 7. Kanbbawza Thitsa Hlaing Co., Ltd 8. No.7 Furniture Factory, MTE Parquet, furniture, T&G Parquet, T&G, Lamparquet, S4S, Scantling, industrial Parquet, decking Europe, Singapore Europe, Thai Italy Need finger joint machine to use plantation teak Need finger joint machine to use plantation teak Need to change new machine to use plantation teak 9. No.1 Plywood Factory, MTE Veneer India Cannot use Plantation Teak (PT) 10. National Wood Co., Ltd Flooring, decking New Zealand, Singapore, Thai, Europe Need to change new machine to use plantation teak 11. Moegoke Pride Co., Ltd Furniture Europe Need to upgrade machine to use plantation teak 12. Myanmar Teak Wood Industry S4S Europe Can t use Plantation Teak (PT) 13. Myanmar Technology Furniture Thailand, Japan Can use Plantation CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 13

15 Wood Based Industry Teak (PT) Mandalay Township 14. Hi Tech Wood based Industry Rough sawn, T&G, flooring, Lamparquet, Scantling, decking, Furniture Indonesia, South America, India, China, Europe Can use Plantation Teak (PT) 15. Myanmar May Kaung Co.,Ltd Board, Rough sawn, T&G, door, Lamparquet, Scantling, decking, furniture Europe Can use Plantation Teak (PT) 16. Myint War Co., Ltd T&G, parquet, S4S Europe Can use Plantation Teak (PT) 17. Win Marlar Aung Co.,Ltd 18. Golden Pollen Trading Co., Ltd 19. De Yan Trading Co., Ltd T&G, Lamparquet, Finger joint Rough sawn, Scantling, mini Decking, veneer Garden furniture Europe, Italy, France, Thai Singapore, Malaysia, China, Europe Thai Can use Plantation Teak (PT) Can use Plantation Teak (PT) 20. Jellewary Luck Co., Ltd Plywood Korea, India, China Regional workshop for disseminatio on of pre project findings and workshop proceedings including invited papers and workshop outcomes CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 14

16 Overseas study tour on value added timber production was conducted with the sponsorship of ITTO/CFC under this project. Three key project staffs visited Indonesia to study the value added plantation teak products production technology and teak plantations from July 22 28, After the tour, the group suggested that lamination and finger jointing may offer opportunities for utilizing small dimension pieces of plantation teak. Discussion and Dhadi Agung Sawmill & Wood Working Industries, Jogakarta. Samples of Laminated Wood at Perum Perhutani, Unit 1 Sawmill at Jawa Tengah Project proposal addressing technical problems and commercialization of value added products of planted teak in key teak producing countries in ASEAN region formulated 1.4 The Strategy The strategy adopted by the project was initially to collect information on appropriate technologies for production of value added end products of plantation teak and the status of the wood based industries within the country. In the past, FD was mainly interested in national forest management and productivity of forests in log form, and less attention was paid on the production of value added products. Now, utilization is increasingly prioritized. It is understood and accepted that production of wood articles such as furniture, parquet, etc. should be compatible with CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 15

17 market demands and consumers preference. Timber testing, which is the basic requirement for the production of appropriate end use commodities, was thus also carried out in the project. Overseas study tour in value added timber production was organized for key project staff. A regional workshop was held to disseminate the pre project s findings, and to identify opportunities for the establishment of an information sharing network among stakeholders in and outside the country being involved in downstream processing and utilization of plantation teak. Major teak producing countries such as India, Indonesia and Thailand, and interested countries such as China and the Philippines were invited to participate in the workshop. Participants of Myanmar encompassed stakeholders being involved in producing downstream processing, utilization and marketing of plantation teak. 1.5 Work Plan Details of project output, activities and schedule of implementation are described in the Work Plan. It was used as a basis for formulating the Yearly Plan of Operation according to which the activities were implemented. 2. Project Context Timber export represents about 30% of national foreign exchange earnings. Forests are now degraded and deforested. Productivity has decreased due to illicit cutting and agriculture encroachments. It is considered that end uses of plantation teak and its early economic returns with shorter rotation become increasingly important for both producers and consumers. Moreover, efficient utilization of teak with minimum processing waste of teak raw material is considered as today s major concern in Myanmar timber industry. There is lack of research programmes to improve the productivity of the production of quality teak products from plantation teak in Myanmar. This project therefore undertook research studies on properties and working characteristics of teak timber of different sizes and ages from teak plantations, as a pilot case. It is expected that this pre project will contribute to the promotion of downstream processing of timber utilization and marketing of value added end used products from plantation teak so as to provide significant contribution to the international trade in teak timber. 3. Project Design and Organization 3.1 Project Design This project was designed with the focus on collecting information on appropriate technologies for production of value added end products of plantation teak and the status of the wood based industries within the country. Emphasis was also given to CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 16

18 testing timber properties and evaluating utilization potentials of teak of different sizes and different ages, as, small timbers are increasingly being utilized for value added products. Study tour and a regional workshop were also included in the design of the project so as to facilitate the dissemination of the pre project findings, and to identify opportunities for the establishment of an information sharing network among stakeholders in and outside the country being involved in downstream processing and utilization of plantation teak. 3.2 Project Rationale Natural teak forests in Myanmar are heavily degraded and deforested due to illicit felling and encroachment for agriculture purposes apart from the normal exploitation. In order to reduce the pressure on the natural teak forests, plantations are being established to supplement the production of teak and contribute to the international teak market. Moreover, the end uses of plantation teak and its early economic returns with shorter rotation are also becoming increasingly important for both producers and consumers. Thus, this project is focused on the promotion of utilization of plantation teak through testing its properties and dissemination of the results to all stakeholders. 3.3 Project Formulation Myanmar teak is well known all over the world because of its unique qualities. This can also be due to the large size of the logs that are mainly extracted from the natural forests. Productivity, however, is decreasing and the need to supplement it with plantation teak is well pronounced today. However, Myanmar people are used to using large size timber from the natural forests and most of the industries are designed for large size raw material. Therefore, a project on the review of the situation of the wood industries in Myanmar and study on the properties of plantation teak and dissemination of the results to all the stakeholders for promotion of the utilization of plantation was formulated. 3.4 Project Structure The project was implemented under the overall supervision of the Ministry of Forestry. A Project Steering Committee (PSC) was formed and the Executing Agency (EA) was the Forest Department while Myanma Timber Enterprise (MTE) played the role of a supporting agency. A Project Unit, comprising of 2 National Consultants, 9 from FRI, 3 from MTE and 1 from MFPTMA assisted the NPM in the technical aspects. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 17

19 The PSC was chaired by the Director General of the Plan and Statistics Department, Ministry of Forestry. This committee guided and monitored the implementation of the project. The structure of the PSC was as follows: Director General, Planning and Statistics Department Director General, Forest Department Managing Director, Myanmar Timber Enterprise Deputy Director General, Forest Department Director (Administration), Forest Department Director (Planning and Statistics Division), Forest Department Director (Natural Forests and Plantation Division), Forest Department Director (Budget), Forest Department Director (FRI), Forest Department Member of Central Committee, MFPTMA National Project Manager Chairman Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Member Secretary 4. Project Implementation 4.1 Difference between Planned and Implementation There was no difference between the planned and implementation. (a) Cost The overall cost of the project was unchanged. There was no un spent budget at the end of the project. (b) Schedules The project was implemented as scheduled. Extension of the project was not needed. (c) Output Achievement According to the project document, the project has 3 major outputs to achieve. All 3 outputs have been achieved with different magnitude 4.2 Appropriateness of the Assumption All assumptions pertaining to the implementation of the project was considered appropriate. All activities carried out to achieve the objectives have been implemented. National Consultants assisting the NPM has done their role effectively. 4.3 Project Sustainability CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 18

20 The project was implemented in close cooperation with the stakeholders. Due to the insufficient raw materials, the local wood industries are interested in upgrading their industries and changing over to utilizing plantation teak as raw material. These ensure the success and sustainability of the project. 4.4 Appropriateness of Project Inputs The project inputs, both in quantity and quality are considered sufficient and satisfactory. Appropriate budgeting and timely disbursement has been identified as critical for the smooth implementation of the project. One of the important inputs contributing to the success of the project was the recruitment of qualified national consultants, technical and administrative staffs. Their skill and dedication have been useful in the project implementation. 5. Project Results 5.1 Situation Existing at Project Completion Literature and materials concerning plantation forestry, physical and mechanical properties of teak, appropriate technologies for producing end products and information on the status of wood industries in Myanmar will be available. Results of timber testing, which is the basic requirement for the production of appropriate end use commodities will be available and disseminated to all stakeholders including major plantation teak producing countries such as India, Indonesia, etc. A regional project titled Regional efforts on the production and utilization of plantation teak to sustain supply of value added teak wood in international teak market formulated and ready for submission to ITTO. 5.2 Achievement of the Specific Objective The Specific Objective, i.e. to access properties and processing technologies of local plantation teak, and through a regional workshop, formulate a project proposal that promotes a regional partnership to improve the efficient and diversified utilization of plantation teak in key teak producing countries in ASEAN region was achieved with high level of success. The project team was able to collect technical information both from the libraries and the internet, and the status of wood industries at Mandalay and Yangon with very satisfactorily. The results of timber testing carried out at the FRI were satisfactorily CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 19

21 disseminated to all the stakeholders at the regional workshop held at CFDTC, Hmawbi, from 7 10 July, 2009, and a regional project titled Regional efforts on the production and utilization of plantation teak to sustain supply of value added teak wood in international teak market has been formulated and ready for submission to ITTO. 5.3 Impact of the Project Results on the Sectoral Program, Physical and Social Environment and Target Beneficiaries The project results would certainly have some important impact on the Sectoral Programme but needs time to observe the Government policy. The project most significant impact is on the physical and social environment and the target beneficiaries. The results of the timber testing would certainly have significant impact on the local wood industries. 6. Synthesis of the Analysis 6 1. Logical Framework Project Elements Verifiable Indicators Means of Verification Important Assumption Development Objective Promotion of downstream processing and utilization of value added products of plantation teak Specific Objective To assess local plantation teak resources, disseminate findings through a regional workshop and formulate a project proposal that identifies measures to improve Expansion of downstream processing wood based industries. Management Plan, Teak Plantation Programme. Government approves to reduce exporting log form. Mechanical, physical and natural properties of plantation teak. Results of wood testing, Workshop proceedings, Reports and Project Proposal. Properties of plantation teak will improve local value adding; Findings are useful for stakeholders. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 20

22 local value adding. Output 1.1 Technical information on properties and utilization of local plantation teak collected. Output 1.2 Regional workshop for dissemination of preproject findings and workshop proceedings including invited papers and workshop outcomes. Output 1.3 Project proposal addressing technical problems and commercialization of value added products of planted teak in key teak producing countries in ASEAN region formulated. Assessment of teak plantations will be done. Technical information, documents and reports. Private sector is interested to establish woodbased industries. Paper relating to preproject outcomes, papers from participating teakproducing countries. Workshop and proceedings. Adequate financial resources to be provided, stakeholders & participants to attend. Project proposal. Reports and Project Proposal. The full project is submitted to ITTO for due consideration. 7. Conclusion and Recommendation 7.1 Development Lessons In Myanmar, teak has been exploited from the natural forests since time immemorial. However, scientific management of natural teak forests was initiated only in Despite appropriate actions being taken, teak yield from the natural forests has been decreasing. In order to supplement the Annual Allowable Cut (AAC) and reduce the pressure on the natural forests, large scale teak plantation establishment was launched starting from Moreover, a special teak plantation programme was also launched in However, Myanmar people are used to using only large size natural teak. As large size natural teak logs are getting scarce, promotion on the utilization of small size plantation teak logs is greatly needed. Thus, it must be said that this project is formulated and implemented appropriately at the right time. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 21

23 7.2 Operational Lessons A project unit, comprising of 2 National Consultants, 9 from FRI, 3 from MTE and 1 from MFPTMA assisted the NPM in the technical aspects. This implementing unit was guided by the PSC and the EA that was the FD and monitoring was done by the PSC, EA, ITTO/CFC Project Documentation Project activities were documented by MOU, Work Plan, Bi annual Reports, Training Report, Proceedings, Technical Handbook. These documents are envisaged to be of value and help not only for the project personnel, but also for those who seek to know the results of the project for practical application Monitoring and Evaluation. Bi annual progress reports of the project that are made available to ITTO served as monitoring of the project, as they contain information on project performance for each activity and completed output. Detailed monitoring and evaluation were carried out by the NPM, National Consultants and the project staffs during their frequent visit to the sites Roles and Responsibilities Description of the roles and responsibilities of each unit within the project organization structure is critical for the successful implementation of the project. As described in the Work Plan, each unit, namely ITTO, PSC and the Project Management Team (PMT) have specific role and responsibility Controls over Plan and Implementation Regular meeting of PSC as means of control over plan and implementation is critical. The diverse locations and type of work of the project certainly requires certain controls to avoid mistakes and difficulties. The Yearly Plan of Operation is very effective as general guidelines of control and monitoring of the budget and expenditure by external auditor. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 22

24 7.2.6 Foreseen External Factors Due to the difficulty in getting sufficient raw material from the natural forests, the wood industries visited by the project team willingly welcomed the idea of using plantation teak as raw material. They are also willing to upgrade their factory to match with the production of value added products with smaller size plantation teak Unforeseen External Factors Cooperation of the regional countries in the formulation of the regional project was poor. It was very difficult to get response from them thus, hindering the formulation process. 7.3 Recommendation for Future Projects Identification Identification of problems to be addressed is of great importance in the formulation of a project. The tree problem as described in the ITTO Manual for Formulation of Project Proposal is a very useful tool for identifying and formulating the problems. Precise identification of problems is of critical importance in determination of the activities and output to be achieved in a project Design Project design relates to the type of problems to be addressed. Experience and sound judgment on the related subject is needed to develop appropriate project design. The availability of resources should also be put into consideration so as to ensure that the activities would be completed within the specified time and budget Implementation Normally, smooth implementation of the project activities is possible if it should be a well designed and well planned project. It is very important in detecting any potential problems that may hinder the implementation of the project activities through close and frequent monitoring. CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 23

25 7.3.4 Organization The organization structure of the project has been very effective in ensuring that all activities were planned and implemented accordingly. The formation of executive bodies such as PSC and EA has been very useful in obtaining policy support from related Government Institutions. Project Structure Plantation Teak Pre Project Organization Chart Project steering Committee National Consultants Project Coordinator U Khin Maung Oo(DD) Properties Testing Section Section Leader ( 1) Daw Yi Yi Han ( RO, FRI ) Technical Officers U Aung Soe ( ARO, FRI) U Win Oo Naing ( ARO, FRI ) U Kyaw Win Mg ( ARO, FRI ) Daw Cho Cho Win ( RA, FRI) Information Collection and Project Proposal Formulation Section Section Leader ( 2) Daw Khin May Lwin ( RO,FRI ) Technical Officers U Win Myint ( AD, FRI ) Daw Zar Chi Hlaing (RA) U Htin Kyaw (AEO, MFPTMA) Value Added Products Production and Marketing Section Section Leader ( 3) U Aung Myint ( M, MTE) Technical Officers U Htun Htun OO 2(AM, MTE) U Phon Khine Htan (AM, MTE) Note: DD : Deputy Director RO : Research Officer AD : Assistant Director CFC/ITTO ARO 73 : FT Assistant PPD 68/03 Research Rev.2 Officer (I) 24 M : Manager AM : Assistant Manager RA : Research Assistant MTE : Myanmar Timber Enterprise FRI : Forest Research Institute MFPTMA: Myanmar Forest Products & Timber AEO : Assistant Executive Officer Merchants Association :Line of reporting : Line of command

26 7.3.5 Management Regular meetings, consultation, field visit, reporting and publications are among the management aspects that received highest priority by the PSC. Person responsible for the report Name : U Khin Maung Oo Position held : National Project Manager Date : Signature : CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) 25

27 CFC/ITTO 73 FT PPD 68/03 Rev.2 (I) Project Completion Report