Species composition and status of Odonata in Malabog, Paquibato District Davao City, Philippines.

Transcription

1 Species composition and status of donata in Malabog, Paquibato District Davao City, Philippines Kester Roch Caparoso, Milton Norman D. Medina *, Kim M. Jumawan 3, & Reagan Joseph Villanueva 4 Assumption College of Nabunturan, Compostela Valley Province, Philippines Research and Publication Center, University of Mindanao, Davao City Philippines, mnd_medina@umindanao.edu.ph 3 P-, Poblacion, Nabunturan, Compostela Valley Philippines 4 D3C Gahol Apartment, Lopez Jaena St., Davao City, 8000 Philippines Date received: 6 April 06 Date accepted: 3 September 06 Date published: 6 December 06 ABSTRACT Despite series of donatological expeditions in Mindanao, there are still areas with no donata record. The present paper presents the list and status of donata fauna in Malabog, Paquibato District, Davao City Philippines. donates were captured using hand picking and hand net for illusive species in five (5) sampling sites: Malabog River, Macaduhong River and its tributaries, Malabog spring, and Maglipayan River. A total of 08 individuals collected comprising of 8 species under 9 genera and 9 families. Zygoptera is represented by seven families comprised of 5 species of which (80%) are Philippine endemic and 5 species are found only in selected areas of Mindanao. Anisopteran record composed of families, Gomphidae and Libellulidae where only 3 out of 3 species or 3% are Philippine endemic. Increase of sampling areas and period for further studies and an immediate conservation effort must be conducted to areas with high endemism is recommended. Keywords: donata, Davao, Species, Endemic INTRDUCTIN Philippines is one of the tropical countries in Southeast Asia recognized for its high species endemicity (Catibog-Sinha & Regalado, 998) particularly donata in which more than 60% of these species are already named (Villanueva, 0). Several areas in the country particularly in Mindanao contributed many donatological data including various species discoveries (Hämäläinen & Muller, 997; Villanueva et al. 03). Barangay Malabog in Paquibato District Davao City is one of the farthest barangay in Davao City approximately 65 kilometers from the city proper dominated by Matigsalog tribe. The area is characterized by rugged mountainous. Due to its mountainous terrain, Malabog is ideal for numerous agricultural crops including cacao, vegetable, livestock, and in-land fish farming. The Macaduhong is one of the main sourced of water in the Baranggay Malabog and even to its nearby areas. There are some areas that are planted with root crops by some villagers to utilize their daily needs. The water quality of some rivers and its tributaries are turbid due to the disturbance of some villagers, but still there some part of the terrain that remained untouchable. The present paper presented the preliminary list of donata fauna in Malabog Paquibato District Davao City. As we continue to expand our knowledge of donata assemblage in Mindanao, this paper provide the list of donata fauna found in this donatologically unknown area. 58

2 MATERIALS AND METHDS This study was conducted at Barangay Malobog, Paquibato District, Davao City, Philippines (Fig. A) between the months of July and September 05. There were four (4) sampling sites namely: Malabog River, Macaduhong River, Malabog spring, and Maglipayan River (Fig. B). There are some sampling areas that are disturbed and polluted by some villagers by using chemicals like soap and other detergent. donates were captured using hand picking and hand net for illusive species. All individuals were kept in paper triangle, properly labeled, and brought to Assumption College of Nabunturan laboratory for examination and deposition. Confirmation of identification was made by the second and third authors. Photo-documentation was also employed for further analysis. Figure. A. Map of the Philippines; B. Map of Davao City Philippines showing the location of Paquibato District; C. Map of Barangay Malabog, Paquibato District Davao with sampling sites shown in dots. [Source: Fig. A & B from davao_map.html] RESULTS AND DISCUSSIN Zygoptera (damselfly) is represented by seven families with genera and 5 species of which (80%) are Philippine endemic, 5 of which are found only in the selected areas of Mindanao. Anisopteran record is composed of families, Gomphidae and Libellulidae where only 3 out of 3 species or 3% are endemic in the Philippines (See Table & ). Table List of Zygoptera (Damselfly) Family Species GD f % I. Calopterygidae Vestalis melania (Selys) II. Chlorocyphidae Rhinocypha colorata (Hagen in Selys) 5. Rhinocypha turconii (Selys)

3 III. Coenagrionidae Agriocnemis rubescens (Selys) Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur) Pseudagrion pilidorsum pilidorsum (Brauer) Teinobasis annamaijae (Hämäläinen & Muller) ME Teinobasis samaritis (Ris) IV. Euphaeidae Euphaea amphicyana (Ris). Euphaea cora (Ris) V. Platycnemididae Coeliccia dinocerus (Laidlaw) GM Risiocnemis appendiculata (Brauer) ME. Risiocnemis atripes (Needham & ME. Gyger) VI. Platystictidae Drepanostica lymetta (Cowley) ME. VII. Protoneuridae Prodasineura integra (Selys) TTAL Legend: GD Geographic distribution; Phil. Endemic; riental; ME Mindanao Endemic; GM Greater Mindanao; f frequency. Most of the Zygopteran species are represented by indicator species such as Vestalis melania (Selys), Rhinocypha turconii (Selys), Teinobasis annamajae (Hämäläinen & Muller), Teinobasis samaritis (Ris), Euphaea amphicyana (Ris), Euphaea cora (Ris), Coeliccia dinocerus (Laidlaw), Risiocnemis appendiculata (Brauer) Risiocnemis atripes (Needham & Gyger), and Drepanostica lymetta (Cowley) which are found in the prinstine sites or Malabog river. Moreover, species like Agrionemis rubescens (Selys), Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur), Pseudagrion pilidorsum pilidorsum (Brauer) are dominantly found near human habitats, open ecosystem, and relatively disturb areas. Majority of the species gathered are also present at different areas in Mindanao following donatological records in Misamis ccidental (Mapi-ot, 03), Cagayan and Bukidnon (Jomoc, 03), Zamboanga del Sur (Cayasan, 03), Surigao del Sur (Quisil et. al, 303), and the nearest province which is Compostela Valley (Medina et. al, 05). In addition, Drepanosticta clados which was previously seen in the area is not found during the expedition (Villanueva, 06, an interview). We theorized that the donata population in Malabog is experiencing serious decline due to contamination of fluvial systems by different agricultural run-offs which might eventually cause decline of donata larvae population. If the present rate of habitat degradation in Paquibato continues, several endemic species will eventually qualify for a threatened category and conservation efforts are deemed necessary. 60

4 Table 3: List of Anisoptera (Dragonfly) Family Species GD f % I. Gomphidia kirschii (Selys) Gomphidae II. Libellulidae Agrionoptera insignis (Rambur) Diplacina bolivari (Selys). Diplacina nana (Brauer) Diplacina sp. Neurothemis ramburii (Brauer) rthetrum pruinosum clecia (Selys) rthetrum sabina sabina (Drury) rthetrum t. testaceum (Burmeister) Pantala flavescens (Fabricius) Potamarcha congener (Rambur) Trithemis aurora (Brumeister) Trithemis festiva (Rambur) TTA 8 00 L Legend: GD Geographic distribution; Phil. Endemic; riental; ME Mindanao Endemic; GM Greater Mindanao; f frequency. Since most of the study sites are open-areas utilized as agro-ecosystem, there is a strong possibility that fertilizer run-offs pollute the river, only very few Anisopteran species under families Gomphidae and Libellulidae thrived in the area. This also observed in Island Garden City of Samal (Medina et al. 05) and most of the municipalities of Compostela Valley (Jumawan et al. 0; Medina et al. 03). These are G. kirschii (Fig. F), D. bolivari, and D. nana. Family Libellulidae is one the most diverse donata Family in the Philippines. Majority of its species can thrive from disturb to pristine habitats. The same observation was also observed in Misamis ccidental (Mapi-ot, 03), Cagayan and Bukidnon (Jomoc, 03), Zamboanga del Sur (Cayasan, 03), Surigao del Sur (Quisil et. al, 303), and the nearest province which is Compostela Valley (Medina et. al, 05). This further indicates that majority of the river is already greatly disturb wherein dominant species like Neurothemis ramburii (Brauer), rthetrum pruinosum clecia (Selys), rthetrum sabina sabina (Drury), rthetrum t. testaceum (Burmeister), Pantala flavescens (Fabricius), Potamarcha congener (Rambur), Trithemis aurora (Brumeister), and Trithemis festiva (Rambur) dominates the area. 6

5 Figure. Mindanao endemic donata fauna in Malabog, Paquibato District, Davao City, Philippines. A. Teinobasis annamaijae (Hämäläinen & Muller); B. Coeliccia dinocerus (Laidlaw); C. Risiocnemis appendiculata (Brauer); D. Risiocnemis atripes (Needham & Gyger); E. Drepanostica sp.; F. Gomphidia kirschii (Selys). The presence of several endemic species in Malabog also signify that the area still contain relatively pristine water system which might be a good water source for local households, not necessarily for drinking in all areas. The discovery of Drepanosticta species in Malabog might suggest that the water sources of the fluvial systems where the species are found are still pristine and potable. This species is noted to be found only in pristine and potable water (Medina et al. 03; Jumawan, et al. 0). However, there is a possibility of pesticide or herbicide contamination to the lowland areas as manifested with the presence of numerous plantations. Majority of the oriental species are found in the lowland-open areas as mostly observed with several studies (Jumawan et al. 0; Medina et al. 05; Medina et al. 03) while most of the endemic are found in tributaries and water source where there is enough vegetation and the water is still pristine. RECMMENDATINS An increase of sampling sites and extended duration of sampling may increase the chance of finding more species to improve this list and an immediate conservation effort must be conducted to certain areas in Malabog river especially to areas with high endemism is recommended. ACKNWLEDGMENT ur gratitude to the Biology program of Assumption College of Nabunturan, Compostela Valley Province. 6

6 REFERENCES Cayasan, R.D., Limitares, D.E., Gomid, J.V.S., Nuneza,.M., Villanueva, R.J.T. (03). Species Richness of donata in Selected Freshwater Systems in Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. AACL Bioflux. 6(4): Catibog-Sinha, C.S., Heaney, L.R., (006). Philippine Biodversity: Principles and Practice. Quezon City: Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources, Inc. Hämäläinen, M. & Muller, R.A. (997). Synopsis of the Philippine donata, with List of Species Recorded from Forty Islands. donatologica, 6(3): Jomoc, D.J., Flores, R.R., Nuñeza,., Villanueva, R.J.T. (03). Species richness of donata in selected wetland areas of Cagayan de ro and Bukidnon, Philippines. International Journal of the Bioflux Society AACL Bioflux, 6(6). Jumawan, K.M., Medina, M.N.D., Villanueva, R.J.T. (0). Annotated list of donata from Mainit Hot Spring Protected Landscape, Compostela Valley, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology 6:4-8. Mapi-ot, E.F., Taota, A.U., Nuñeza,.M., Villanueva R.J.T. (03). Species Diversity of Adult donata in Selected Areas from Misamis ccidental, Province, Philippines. AACL Bioflux 6(4):4-43. Malawani, A.D., Ampang-Macabuat N.M., Nuñeza.M. and Villanueva R.J.T. 04 donata of Lanao del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 3, Medina, M.N.D., Cabras, A.A., Villanueva, R.J.T. (03). donata Fauna of Compostela Valley Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines. International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant biology (0): Medina, M.N.D., Cabras, A.A., Villanueva, R.J.T. (05). donata of Island Garden city of Samal and its Relation to other Small Islands in the Philippines. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences 4(9): available at Quisil, S.J.C., Arreza, J.D.E., Nuneza,.M., Villanueva, R.J.T. (03). Species Richness of donata in Lazuna and San Agustin, Surigao del, Philippines. AES Bioflux. 5(3): Villanueva, R.J.T., Mohagan, A.B. (009). Diversity and Conservation of donata across Vegatation types in Mt. Hamiguitan Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao riental. Asian Journal of Biodiversity ():5-35. Villanueva, R.J.T. (0). Review of the Philippine Taxa Formerly Assigned to the genus Amphicnemis Selys. Part I: verview and Description of the three new genera (donata: Coenagrionadae). Zoologische Mededelingen 86(8): Villanueva, R.J.T, Medina, M.N.D., Jumawan, K.M., (03). Penicremis melansoni sp. nov., a new damselfly (donata:coenagrionidae) from Compostela Valley Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines. J. Threat. Taxa. 5(7), 40-4 available at 63