VIRGINIA CORN HYBRID AND MANAGEMENT TRIALS IN 2015

Transcription

1 VIRGINIA CORN HYBRID AND MANAGEMENT TRIALS IN 205 Coordinators of Virginia Corn Hybrid Trials in 205 Wade Thomason, Extension Specialist, Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Harry Behl, Research Specialist Senior, Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Elizabeth Rucker, Research Associate, Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech Other contributors: Bruce Beahm, Foundation Seed Manager, Virginia Crop Improvement Association Foundation Seed Farm Phillip Browning, Assistant Manager, Virginia Crop Improvement Association Foundation Seed Farm Steve Gulick, Farm Manager, Northern Piedmont Center Doug Horn, Extension Agent, Rockingham County Karl Jones, Agricultural Manager Senior, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center Ned Jones, Farm Manager, Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center Jon Wooge, Agricultural Program Coordinator, College Farm, Virginia Tech Companies Participating in the 205 Corn Hybrid Trials Company Brand Address AgriGold Hybrids AgriGold 538 Akin Rd., St. Francisville, IL Augusta Seed Corporation Augusta PO Box 899, Verona, VA Crop Production Services Dyna-Gro 5277 Richmond Tappahannock Hwy, St. Stephens Church, VA Doeblers Doeblers and RPM 202 Tiadaghton Ave., Jersey Shore, PA 7740 Dupont Pioneer Pioneer 59 Greif Parkway Suite 200, Delaware, OH 4305 Erwin-Keith Inc. Progeny Ag Products 529 Hwy 93, Wynne, AR Monsanto Channel and Dekalb 800 N Lindbergh Blvd, St Louis, MO 6367 Meherrin Agricultural & Chemical Co. Phoenix 43 Main St., Severn, NC Seed Consultants, Inc. Seed Consultants 648 Miami Trace Rd., Washington Crthse, OH 4360 Syngenta Seeds NK 055 Wayzata Blvd., Minnetonka, MN T.A. Seeds LLC T.A. Seeds 39 Seeds Lane, Jersey Shore, PA 7740 Terral Seed Inc. Terral Seed Ellington Dr., Rayville, LA 7269 Tidewater Seed, LLC AXIS 20 Marlboro Ave Suite 25, Easton, MD 260 Appreciation is expressed to the Virginia Corn Check-Off Board for financial support of this research and the Virginia Extension corn program 205 Virginia Tech CSES-49NP Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of age, color, disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, national origin, political affiliation, race, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; M. Ray McKinnie, Interim Administrator, 890 Extension Program, Virginia State University, Petersburg.

2 Table of Contents Background Information, Yield Differences, Understanding Relative Yield, and Choice of Hybrids Virginia Corn Hybrid Plot Information... 2 Table. List of hybrids in the 205 Virginia Corn Hybrid & Management Trials... 3 Table 2. Handy Bt Trait Table... 6 Table Relative yield of hybrids entered in three or more locations... 8 Table 4. Two-year average relative yield of hybrids entered in three or more locations each year... 2 Table 5. Three-year average relative yield of hybrids entered in three or more locations each year... 3 Table 6. Yields at Holland, VA in Table 7. Two-year average yields at Holland, VA in 204 and Table 8. Three-year average yields at Holland, VA in 203, 204, and Table 9. Yields at Mt. Holly, VA in Table 0. Two-year average yields at Mt. Holly, VA in 204 and Table. Three-year average yields at Mt. Holly, VA in 203, 204, and Table 2. Yields at Mt. Holly, VA under irrigation in Table 3. Two-year average yields at Mt. Holly, VA under irrigation in 204 and Table 4. Three-year average yields at Mt. Holly, VA under irrigation in 203, 204, and Table 5. Yields at Blackstone, VA in Table 6. Two-year average yields at Blackstone, VA in 204 and Table 7. Three-year average yields at Blackstone, VA in 203, 204, and Table 8. Yields at Blacksburg, VA in Table 9. Two-year average yields at Blacksburg, VA in 204 and Table 20. Three-year average yields at Blacksburg, VA in 203, 204, and Table 2. Yields at Orange, VA in Table 22. Two-year average yields at Orange, VA in 204 and Table 23. Three-year average yields at Orange, VA in 203, 204, and Table 24. Yields at Shenandoah Valley in Rockingham County, VA in Table 25. Two-year average yields at Shenandoah Valley, VA in 204 and Table 26. Three-year average yields at Shenandoah Valley, VA in 203, 204, and

3 Background Information Performance trials of commercial corn hybrids were conducted at six locations in Virginia in 205. The Mt. Holly location consisted of both an irrigated and non-irrigated test. All locations were planted with a Wintersteiger PlotKing All locations were harvested with a Massey-Ferguson 8XP plot combine. Yields have been adjusted to 5.5% moisture. Grain test weight, moisture, and plot grain weights were measured with a GrainGauge manufactured by HarvestMaster. A list of the companies participating in the trials is shown in the above table. All hybrids entered in the Virginia trials were those submitted by commercial companies. The locations at which particular hybrids were entered were specified by the company. Companies entering hybrids were charged a fee for each hybrid per location to support the Virginia Corn Hybrid and Management Trials. Yield Differences Experimental plots vary in yield and other measurements due to location in the field and other factors which cannot be controlled. Statistics given in the tables are intended to help the reader make valid comparisons between hybrids. The magnitude of differences which may have been due to uncontrollable variation has been computed for the data and listed at the bottom of columns as the LSD (.05) (least significant difference with 95% confidence). Differences less than the LSD are assumed not to be real differences with 95% confidence. Understanding Relative Yield Companies entering hybrids decide which hybrids are planted at which locations. Combining and comparing absolute yield and other results from multiple sites is inappropriate when not all hybrids are planted at all locations. For example, one hybrid might have an unfair advantage in such a comparison because it was tested only at sites with ideal growing conditions. Another hybrid tested at sites with less-than-ideal growing conditions would have yields that tended to be lower. In this example, it would be difficult to determine whether yield differences were because of differences in genetic yield potential or simply because of differences in the environmental conditions under which they were tested. The solution is to compare hybrids based on relative yields rather than absolute yields. To calculate relative yield, the yield for each hybrid at each site is divided by the average yield for all hybrids tested at that same site and multiplied by 00. Once each hybrid at each site has been assigned a relative yield, comparisons can be made between hybrids tested at the same site or different sites. For hybrids tested at multiple sites, we can also calculate a multi-site relative yield average. Relative yields of 00 indicate hybrids that were average performers. Relative yields greater than 00 indicate yields above-average. Relative yields less than 00 indicate yields below-average. The magnitude of the relative yield numbers indicate how far above or below average a hybrid performed. For example, a hybrid with a relative yield of 0 yielded 0% of above the average yield for all hybrids at that site. Choice of Hybrids When making hybrid selections it is important to realize that hybrids differ in their performance in different environments. Some hybrids are more adapted to a wide range of environments. Hybrid performance may vary with year and location variations in rainfall, temperature, pests and other environmental variables. In these experiments, many hybrids have essentially the same yield, and great care should be taken in interpreting the results of a single year's tests, especially at only one location. For these reasons it is important, whenever possible, to also look at a hybrid's average across locations when making hybrid selections. Multi-year averages give even greater confidence to hybrid performance decisions. The relative yield tables compare the yield of a hybrid to the average yield of all hybrids in the test. These tables are an excellent summary of yield potential compared to other hybrids.

4 205 Virginia Corn Hybrid Plot Information (Rates are on a per acre basis.) Blacksburg Whitethorne Farm Mt Holly (irrigated) Virginia Crop Improvement Association Planted: May 5, 205 no-till into killed cereal cover Foundation Seed Farm Harvested: October 7, 205 Planted: April 22-23, 205 no-till into soybean stubble Population: 25,270 plants/acre Harvested: September 5-7, 205 Pesticide: 2 qt Glystar Plus + pt Atrazine 4L qt Lexar EZ + Induce NIS at 0.25% April 3, 205; 5 lb Force 3G at planting Population: Pesticide: 32,430 plants/acre Fertilizer: pre-plant incorporated May 4, 205; 7 gal S-.27B-.25Zn at planting; 80 lb N as June 0, 205 Plot Size: Soil Type: Previous crop: Soybean Cooperator: Jon Wooge 2 rows 25' x 30" 4 replications Hayter loam Blackstone Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research & Extension Center Planted: April 7, 205 no-till into soybean stubble Harvested: September 8, 205 Population: 27,200 plants/acre Pesticide: 2 qt Roundup + 4 qt Lexar April 7, 205; 5 lb Force 3G at planting Fertilizer: 000 lb pre-plant incorporated April 6, 205; 7 gal S-.27B-.25Zn at planting; 80 lb N using UAN May 9, 205 Plot Size: 2 rows 25' x 30" 4 replications Soil Type: Appling sandy loam Previous crop: Soybean Cooperator: Ned Jones Holland Tidewater Agricultural Research & Extension Center Planted: April 6, 205 no-till after peanuts Harvested: September, 205 Population: 25,50 plants/acre Pesticide: qt AAtrex 4L + 2 qt Brawl April 3, 205; 5 lb Force 3G at planting Fertilizer: 392 lb March 9, 205; 7 gal S-.27B-.25Zn at planting; 00 units N using May 28, 205 Plot Size: 2 rows 35' x 30" 4 replications Soil Type: Eunola, Nansemond, sandy loams Previous crop:peanuts Cooperator: Karl Jones Mt Holly (dryland) Virginia Crop Improvement Association Foundation Seed Farm Planted: April 23, 205 no-till into soybean stubble Harvested: September 4, 205 Population: 25,720 plants/acre Pesticide: 5.5 pt Lumax +.5 pt Princep +.5 pt atrazine pre-plant; 5 lb Force 3G at planting; 8 oz Rifle May 26, 205 Fertilizer: pre-plant incorporated; 7 gal S-.27B-.25Zn at planting; 90 lb side-dressed May 28, 205 Soil Type: State fine sandy loam Previous crop: Soybean Cooperator: Bruce Beahm and Phillip Browning 5.5 pt Lumax +.5 pt Atrazine +.5 pt Princep pre-plant incorporated; 5 lb Force 3G at planting; 8 oz Banvel May 20, 205 Fertilizer: pre-plant incorporated; 7 gal S-.27B-.25Zn at planting; 70 lb June 2, 205 fertigated + 70 lb N June 7, 205 fertigated Irrigation: 3.4 over the growing season June 2 = 0.5 (with N application) June 3 =.0 June 7 = 0.5 (with N application) July 20 = 0.5 July 23 = 0.6 July 27 =.0 Plot Size: 2 rows 25' x 30" 4 replications Soil Type: State fine sandy loam Previous crop: Soybean Cooperator: Bruce Beahm and Phillip Browning Orange Northern Piedmont Center Planted: April 28, 205 no-till into small grain residue Harvested: September 23, 205 Population: 23,630 plants/acre Pesticide: 3.5 qt Lexar EZ + pt Atrazine + 2 qt Gramaxone April 24, 205; 5 lb Force 3G at planting Fertilizer: April 24, 205; 00 lb N side-dressed June, 205 Plot Size: 2 rows 30' x 30" 4 replications Soil Type: Dyke loam Previous crop: Small grain Cooperators: Steve Gulick Shenandoah Valley (Thanks to Mark Deavers) Planted: May 3, 205 no-till into weed cover Harvested: October 5, 205 Population: 24,740 plants/acre Pesticide:.75 qt Aatrex qt Lumax +.5 qt Princep + 2 qt Touchdown oz Asana May 5, 205; 5 lb Force 3G at planting Fertilizer: Preplant 4 tons broiler litter April 5, 205 Plot Size: 2 rows 25' x 30" 4 replications Soil Type: Monongahela fine sandy loam Previous crop: Corn Cooperators: Doug Horn and Mark Deavers 2

5 Table. List of Hybrids in the 205 VA Corn Hybrid & Management Trials Brand Hybrid DTM 2 Trait Group OBS 3 INSECT AgriGold A644STX Poncho 500 AgriGold A6462STXRIB Poncho 500 AgriGold A6499STXRIB Poncho 500 AgriGold A657VT3PRIB Poncho 500 AgriGold A6573VT3PRIB Poncho 500 AgriGold A6579STX Poncho 500 Augusta A no RIB 4 Cruiser 250 Augusta A GT 4 Cruiser 250 Augusta A no RIB 4 Cruiser 250 Augusta A no RIB 4 Cruiser 250 Augusta A no RIB 4 Cruiser 250 Augusta A no RIB 3 Cruiser 250 Augusta A no RIB 5 Cruiser 250 Axis 64K24RIB Poncho 250 Axis 64T22RIB Poncho 250 Axis 64D25RIB Poncho 250 Axis 65H25RIB Poncho 250 Axis 66T27RIB Poncho 250 Channel STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel 2-35STXRIB 24 5 Poncho 500 Channel 23-28STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel 24-45DGVT2PRIB DroughtGard 5 Poncho 500 Channel 25-05STXRIB Poncho 500 Channel 27-4DGVT2PRIB DroughtGard 2 Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC6-88RIB 23 7 Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC63-33RIB Poncho 500 3

6 Table. List of Hybrids in the 205 VA Corn Hybrid & Management Trials Brand Hybrid DTM 2 Trait Group OBS 3 INSECT DEKALB DKC64-87RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC67-57RIB Poncho 500 DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Poncho 500 Doebler's RPM 563HXR Poncho 250 Doebler's RPM 486AM Poncho 250 Doebler's RPM 505AM Poncho 250 Doebler's RPM 525AM 6 7 Poncho 250 Doebler's RPM 535AMXT Cruiser 250 Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Cruiser 250 Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Cruiser 250 Dyna-Gro D50VC no RIB 6 Poncho 500 Dyna-Gro D52VC no RIB 6 Poncho 500 Dyna-Gro D54DC no RIB + DroughtGard 6 Poncho 250 Dyna-Gro D57DC no RIB + DroughtGard 6 Poncho 500 NK N59B-3A 07 3* 5 Avicta Complete Vibrance NK N70J-3A 2 3* 5 Avicta Complete Vibrance NK N74R-3000GT Avicta Complete Vibrance NK N78C Avicta Complete Vibrance NK N83D-3000GT Avicta Complete Vibrance Phoenix 5552A4 5 4 Cruiser Avicta Phoenix 6522A Cruiser Avicta Phoenix 794A Cruiser Avicta Phoenix 6542A Cruiser Avicta Phoenix 7402A Cruiser Avicta Pioneer P0339AM Poncho 250 Pioneer P0604AM Poncho 250 Pioneer P97AM 6 7 Poncho 250 Pioneer P637VYHR 6 Optimum Leptra 6 Poncho 250 Pioneer P260YHR Poncho 250 4

7 Table. List of Hybrids in the 205 VA Corn Hybrid & Management Trials Brand Hybrid DTM 2 Trait Group OBS 3 INSECT Progeny PGY44VT2P Poncho 250 Progeny PGY45VT2P Poncho 250 Progeny PGY55VT2P Poncho 250 Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P Poncho 250 Progeny PGY47VT3P Poncho 250 Seed Consultants SCS 085AM Poncho 500 Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Cruiser 250 Seed Consultants SC 0AQ Avicta Complete Vibrance Seed Consultants SC AQ5 2 5 Poncho 500 Seed Consultants SCS 25AM 6 5 Poncho 500 Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Cruiser 250 Seed Consultants SC AGT43 3 GTCBLL 5 Poncho 250 Seed Consultants SCS HR Poncho 250 Seed Consultants SC AGT74 6 GTCBLL 5 Poncho 250 Seed Consultants SC AQ Poncho 250 T.A. Seeds TA Cruiser 250 T.A. Seeds TA636-22DPRIB 22 2 Cruiser 250 T.A. Seeds TA736-22DPRIB Cruiser 250 T.A. Seeds TA746-28RIB Cruiser 250 Terral Seed REV 8BHR Poncho 250 Terral Seed REV 22BHR Poncho 250 Terral Seed REV 23BHR Poncho 250 Terral Seed REV 24BHR Poncho 250 Terral Seed REV 25BHR Poncho 250 Terral Seed REV 26BHR Poncho 250 Trait Group according to Table 2. 2 Days to maturity (DTM) provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist. 3 Number of observations hybrid occurred (OBS); the greater the observations, the more reliable the data. Hybrids are sorted by Brand then DTM. 5

8 MSU Field Crops Entomology Program Handy Bt Trait Table CDD #028 Updated April 204 Chris DiFonzo, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI & Eileen Cullen, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI The most up-to-date version of this bulletin is posted at: Many corn hybrids contain multiple transgenic traits and seed costs are rising. Meanwhile, refuge requirements dramatically for multi-trait corn, generally dropping from 20% to 0% or 5%, depending on the trait package and company. Some traits still require a structured refuge planted as a block or series of rows, but many hybrids are now sold as refuge-in-the-bag (RIB). Purchasing the right trait package for your pest spectrum, and understanding its refuge requirement, is critical to maximizing profitability and delaying resistance. But this process may be confusing. The table on page 2 of this bulletin summarizes, to the best of our ability, currently available Bt traits, their spectrum of control, and refuge requirements. We make every attempt to provide up-to-date information for each Bt option. However, it is still important for you to take the following steps: *Understand the terminology used by your seed company; *Understand the biology of each trait, the expected level of control, and refuge requirements; *Confirm that the seed you ordered the previous year is the seed delivered to you in spring; *Keep good planting records; *For herbicide applications, Ask Twice-Spray Once, especially if you hire a custom applicator; *Save a representative sample of bag tags = the first thing to check if something goes wrong; *Most important, if you see unexpected damage or poor performance of a trait during the field season, contact your seed dealer immediately so that the field can be visited while the problem is still visible and fresh samples can be taken. Insect targets BCW black cutworm Abbreviations used in the Bt Trait Table Herbicide traits GT glyphosate tolerant LL Liberty Link (glufosinate-tolerant) RR2 Roundup Ready 2 (glyphosate-tolerant) CEW ECB FAW RW SB WBC corn earworm European corn borer fall armyworm corn rootworm stalk borer western bean cutworm NEW Cheat Sheet Event names for proteins expressed in Bt plants Target or Activity Protein(s) expressed Event Trade name corn borer CryAb MON 80 YieldGard CB corn borer + glufosinate tolerance CryAb + PAT Bt Agrisure CB/LL corn borer + glufosinate tolerance CryF + PAT TC507 Herculex or CB broad lep control Vip3Aa MIR62 Agrisure Viptera broad lep control CryA.05 + Cry2Ab2 MON89034 Yieldgard VT Pro rootworm ecry3.ab 5307 Agrisure Duracade rootworm mcry3a MIR604 Agrisure RW rootworm Cry3Bb + CP4 EPSPS MON8807 YieldGard VT RW rootworm + glufosinate tolerance Cry34Ab/Cry35Ab + PAT DAS Herculex RW glyphosate tolerance 6 mepsps GA2 Roundup Ready glyphosate tolerance CP4 EPSPS NK603 Roundup Ready 2

9 DiFonzo&Cullen s Handy Bt trait table Updated April 204 Insects controlled (bold) or suppressed (italics) Above-ground In soil Herbicide tolerant? Refuge %, location in the MIDWEST Bt protein(s) Agrisure Trait Family -Agrisure CB/LL/RW CryAb mcry3a ECB CEW FAW SB RW LL 20% in field/adjacent 2-Agrisure 3000GT CryAb mcry3a ECB CEW FAW SB RW GT LL 20% in field/adjacent 3-Agrisure Artesian 30A 4-Agrisure Viptera 30 5-Agrisure Viptera 3 6-Agrisure 322 E-Z Refuge 7-Agrisure Viptera 3220 E-Z Refuge 8-Agrisure Duracade 522 CryAb mcry3a ECB CEW FAW SB RW GT LL 20% in field/adjacent CryAb Vip3A BCW CEW ECB FAW WBC SB CryAb mcry3a BCW CEW ECB Vip3A FAW WBC SB CryAb CryF BCW ECB FAW mcry3a Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW SB CryAb CryF BCW CEW ECB Vip3A FAW WBC SB CryAb CryF BCW CEW ECB mcry3a ecry3.ab FAW WBC SB --- GT LL 20% within ½ mile RW GT LL 20% in field/adjacent RW GT 5% in the bag --- GT 5% in the bag RW GT LL 5% in the bag 9-Agrisure Duracade CryAb CryF Vip3A BCW CEW ECB RW GT LL 5% in the bag 5222 mcry3a ecry3.ab FAW WBC SB Herculex Trait Family 0-Herculex (HX) CryF BCW ECB FAW --- LL 20% within ½ mile WBC CEW SB -Herculex XTRA CryF BCW ECB FAW RW RR2 20% in field/adjacent (HXX) Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW SB (most) Optimum Trait Family 2-Optimum CryF mcry3a BCW ECB FAW RW LL RR2 20% in field/adjacent TRIsect WBC CEW SB 3-Optimum CryF CryAb BCW ECB FAW --- LL RR2 5% within ½ mile Intrasect WBC CEW SB 4-Optimum CryF CryAb BCW ECB FAW RW LL RR2 20% in field/adjacent Intrasect XTra Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW SB 5-Optimum CryF CryAb BCW ECB FAW RW LL RR2 5% in field/adjacent Intrasect XTreme mcry3a Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW SB 6-Optimum (AM) CryF CryAb BCW ECB FAW --- RR2 5% in the bag AcreMax WBC CEW SB 7-Optimum (AMRW) AcreMax Rootworm Cry34/35Ab --- RW RR2 0% in the bag 8-Optimum (AM) CryF BCW ECB FAW RW LL RR2 0% in the bag (RW) AcreMax Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW & 20% - ½ mile (CB) 9-Optimum (AMX) CryF CryAb BCW ECB FAW RW RR2 0% in the bag AcreMax Xtra Cry34/35Ab WBC CEW SB 20-Optimum (AMXT) AcreMax XTreme CryF CryAb mcry3a Cry34/35Ab BCW ECB FAW WBC CEW SB RW RR2 5% in the bag YieldGard / Genuity Trait Family 2-YieldGard VT Triple CryAb Cry3Bb ECB CEW FAW SB RW RR2 20% in field/adjacent 22-Genuity VT Double CryA.05+Cry2Ab2 CEW ECB FAW --- RR2 5% in the bag PRO RIB Complete 23-Genuity VT Triple CryA.05+Cry2Ab2 CEW ECB FAW RW RR2 0% in the bag PRO RIB Complete Cry3Bb 24-Genuity SmartStax CryA.05+Cry2Ab2 BCW CEW ECB RW LL RR2 5% in the bag RIB Complete CryF Cry3Bb FAW SB WBC Cry34/35Ab Refuge Advanced Trait Family 25-REFUGE CryA.05+Cry2Ab2 BCW CEW ECB RW LL RR2 5% in the bag 7 ADVANCED CryF Cry3Bb FAW SB WBC Powered by SmartStax Cry34/35Ab

10 Table RELATIVE YIELD* of corn hybrids entered in three or more locations - Virginia Tech Trials. DTM per Black- Mt Holly Mt Holly Black- Shenan- Brand/Company Hybrid Co. Holland stone Dryland Irrigated burg Orange doah Mean <08 Days Relative Maturity Channel STXRIB Seed Consultants SCS 085AM Augusta A NK N59B-3A Pioneer P0604AM Pioneer P0339AM Doebler's RPM 563HXR Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS 25AM DEKALB DKC6-88RIB Augusta A Doebler's RPM 525AM Doebler's RPM 505AM AgriGold A6462STXRIB Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Pioneer P97AM Channel STXRIB Channel 2-35STXRIB Doebler's RPM 486AM Terral Seed REV 8BHR AgriGold A644STX Seed Consultants SC AQ Seed Consultants SC 0AQ Dyna-Gro D50VC Phoenix 5552A DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Days Relative Maturity Augusta A Doebler's RPM 535AMXT Axis 65H25RIB

11 Table RELATIVE YIELD* of corn hybrids entered in three or more locations - Virginia Tech Trials. DTM per Black- Mt Holly Mt Holly Black- Shenan- Brand/Company Hybrid Co. Holland stone Dryland Irrigated burg Orange doah Mean Dyna-Gro D54DC DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Dyna-Gro D52VC Augusta A Channel 25-05STXRIB Axis 64K24RIB Terral Seed REV 24BHR NK N74R-3000GT Progeny PGY55VT2P Progeny PGY44VT2P DEKALB DKC63-33RIB AgriGold A6573VT3PRIB AgriGold A6499STXRIB Terral Seed REV 23BHR Augusta A AgriGold A657VT3PRIB Axis 64D25RIB Seed Consultants SCS HR Axis 64T22RIB Progeny PGY45VT2P Phoenix 6522A Terral Seed REV 25BHR Channel 23-28STXRIB DEKALB DKC64-87RIB AgriGold A6579STX DEKALB DKC62-08RIB NK N70J-3A Seed Consultants SC AGT Channel 24-45DGVT2PRIB Terral Seed REV 22BHR

12 Table RELATIVE YIELD* of corn hybrids entered in three or more locations - Virginia Tech Trials. DTM per Black- Mt Holly Mt Holly Black- Shenan- Brand/Company Hybrid Co. Holland stone Dryland Irrigated burg Orange doah Mean >5 Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Terral Seed REV 26BHR Pioneer P260YHR Pioneer P637VYHR NK N78C Seed Consultants SC AQ Augusta A Seed Consultants SC AGT Augusta A Dyna-Gro D57DC Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Phoenix 7402A DEKALB DKC67-57RIB NK N83D-3000GT Phoenix 6542A Axis 66T27RIB Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P Progeny PGY47VT3P * Relative yield is calculated by dividing the yield of a hybrid by the average yield of all hybrids of all maturities at that location. A hybrid with a relative yield of 05 was 5% above the average of all hybrids at that location. The value of 05 is not a yield but a value relative to all other yield values at that location. Relative yields are listed in order of descending mean values. Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 0

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14 Table 4. Two-year Average RELATIVE YIELD* ( ) of corn hybrids entered in three or more locations each year - Virginia Tech Trials. DTM per Number Relative Brand/Company Hybrid Co. of Obs. 2 Yield <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0604AM Days Relative Maturity Doebler's RPM 505AM Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Seed Consultants SC AQ Channel 2-35STXRIB 0 98 Phoenix 5552A DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Days Relative Maturity Dyna-Gro D54DC Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Augusta A DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Axis 64T22RIB Seed Consultants SCS HR DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Phoenix 6522A Seed Consultants SC AGT >5 Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Seed Consultants SC AQ Phoenix 7402A Seed Consultants SC AGT Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Augusta A NK N83D-3000GT Phoenix 6542A Axis 66T27RIB Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ * Relative yield is calculated by dividing the yield of a hybrid by the average yield of all hybrids of all maturities at that location. A hybrid with a relative yield of 05 was 5% above the average of all hybrids at that location. The value of 05 is not a yield but a value relative to all other yield values at that location. Relative yields are listed in order of descending mean values. A hybrid does not have to be entered in the same three locations each year. Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 A higher number of site/year combinations provides a better estimate of hybrid performance than a single site/year location. 2

15 Table 5. Three-year Average RELATIVE YIELD* ( ) of corn hybrids entered in three or more locations each year - Virginia Tech Trials. DTM per Number Relative Brand/Company Hybrid Co. of Obs. 2 Yield 08- Days Relative Maturity Phoenix 5552A Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Seed Consultants SCS HR DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Phoenix 6522A DEKALB DKC62-08RIB >5 Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SC AQ Phoenix 6542A * Relative yield is calculated by dividing the yield of a hybrid by the average yield of all hybrids of all maturities at that location. A hybrid with a relative yield of 05 was 5% above the average of all hybrids at that location. The value of 05 is not a yield but a value relative to all other yield values at that location. Relative yields are listed in order of descending mean values. A hybrid does not have to be entered in the same three locations each year. Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 A higher number of site/year combinations provides a better estimate of hybrid performance than a single site/year location. 3

16 Table 6. Corn Yields at the Tidewater AREC at HOLLAND, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0339AM Augusta A Pioneer P0604AM NK N59B-3A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Augusta A Doebler's RPM 525AM DEKALB DKC6-88RIB Doebler's RPM 486AM Doebler's RPM 505AM Pioneer P97AM Phoenix 5552A Terral Seed REV 8BHR DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Dyna-Gro D50VC Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Doebler's RPM 535AMXT NK N74R-3000GT DEKALB DKC63-33RIB Augusta A Axis 65H25RIB Progeny PGY55VT2P Axis 64K24RIB Progeny PGY45VT2P Augusta A Dyna-Gro D54DC Axis 64T22RIB Dyna-Gro D52VC Terral Seed REV 23BHR Progeny PGY44VT2P Phoenix 6522A DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Axis 64D25RIB Terral Seed REV 25BHR

17 Table 6. Corn Yields at the Tidewater AREC at HOLLAND, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Terral Seed REV 24BHR Augusta A NK N70J-3A Phoenix 794A DEKALB DKC64-87RIB Terral Seed REV 22BHR Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Terral Seed REV 26BHR Pioneer P637VYHR DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Pioneer P260YHR NK N78C Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Augusta A Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Dyna-Gro D57DC Progeny PGY47VT3P DEKALB DKC67-57RIB DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Axis 66T27RIB NK N83D-3000GT Phoenix 6542A Phoenix 7402A Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. Planted April 6, 205. Harvested September, 205. Population was 25,50 plants/acre. 5

18 Table 7. Two-year Average Corn Yields at the Tidewater AREC at HOLLAND, VIRGINIA in 204 and Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0604AM Days Relative Maturity Doebler's RPM 505AM Phoenix 5552A DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Doebler's RPM 535AMXT DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Dyna-Gro D54DC Axis 64K24RIB Augusta A DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Axis 64T22RIB Phoenix 6522A Phoenix 794A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Axis 66T27RIB Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Phoenix 6542A NK N83D-3000GT Phoenix 7402A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 6

19 Table 8. Three-year Average Corn Yields at the Tidewater AREC at HOLLAND, VIRGINIA, Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu 08- Days Relative Maturity Phoenix 5552A Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Phoenix 6522A DEKALB DKC62-08RIB >5 Days Relative Maturity Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Phoenix 6542A Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 7

20 Table 9. Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Channel STXRIB NK N59B-3A Pioneer P0339AM Seed Consultants SCS 085AM Doebler's RPM 563HXR Augusta A Pioneer P0604AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS 25AM DEKALB DKC6-88RIB Doebler's RPM 505AM AgriGold A6462STXRIB Pioneer P97AM Doebler's RPM 525AM Channel STXRIB DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Terral Seed REV 8BHR Augusta A Seed Consultants SC 0AQ AgriGold A644STX Channel 2-35STXRIB Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Doebler's RPM 486AM Seed Consultants SC AQ Channel STXRIB Dyna-Gro D50VC Phoenix 5552A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Augusta A Terral Seed REV 24BHR Augusta A DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Terral Seed REV 25BHR Dyna-Gro D54DC Seed Consultants SCS HR

21 Table 9. Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Augusta A AgriGold A6573VT3PRIB Axis 64T22RIB AgriGold A657VT3PRIB Progeny PGY55VT2P AgriGold A6499STXRIB DEKALB DKC64-87RIB Progeny PGY44VT2P Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Progeny PGY45VT2P Axis 64D25RIB Terral Seed REV 23BHR NK N74R-3000GT Doebler's RPM 535AMXT DEKALB DKC63-33RIB Axis 65H25RIB Dyna-Gro D52VC Phoenix 6522A NK N70J-3A Channel 23-28STXRIB Terral Seed REV 22BHR Axis 64K24RIB AgriGold A6579STX DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Channel 24-45DGVT2PRIB Seed Consultants SC AGT Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P260YHR Seed Consultants SC AQ Terral Seed REV 26BHR Phoenix 7402A DEKALB DKC66-40RIB NK N78C DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Augusta A Seed Consultants SC AGT NK N83D-3000GT Pioneer P637VYHR Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ

22 Table 9. Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Phoenix 6542A Dyna-Gro D57DC Augusta A DEKALB DKC67-57RIB Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Axis 66T27RIB Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P Progeny PGY47VT3P Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. Planted April 23, 205. Harvested September 4, 205. Population was 25,720 plants/acre. 20

23 2

24 Table 0. Two-year Average Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in 204 and Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0604AM Days Relative Maturity Doebler's RPM 505AM Channel 2-35STXRIB DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Channel STXRIB Channel STXRIB Seed Consultants SC AQ Phoenix 5552A Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Dyna-Gro D54DC Augusta A DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Phoenix 6522A Axis 64T22RIB Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Seed Consultants SCS HR Seed Consultants SC AGT DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Doebler's RPM 535AMXT Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Phoenix 7402A DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Seed Consultants SC AGT Phoenix 6542A Seed Consultants SC AQ Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ NK N83D-3000GT Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Axis 66T27RIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V

25 Table 0. Two-year Average Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in 204 and Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 23

26 Table. Three-year Average Corn Yields under DRYLAND conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA, Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu 08- Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Phoenix 5552A Channel STXRIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Phoenix 6522A Seed Consultants SCS HR Seed Consultants SCS 3AM DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SC AQ Phoenix 6542A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 24

27 25

28 Table 2. Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Augusta A NK N59B-3A Pioneer P0604AM Channel STXRIB Seed Consultants SCS 085AM Doebler's RPM 563HXR Pioneer P0339AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity AgriGold A644STX Seed Consultants SCS 25AM Channel STXRIB DEKALB DKC6-88RIB Seed Consultants SC AQ AgriGold A6462STXRIB Doebler's RPM 505AM Terral Seed REV 8BHR Channel 2-35STXRIB Augusta A Doebler's RPM 486AM Dyna-Gro D50VC Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Doebler's RPM 525AM Channel STXRIB Phoenix 5552A Seed Consultants SC 0AQ DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Pioneer P97AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Axis 64D25RIB Dyna-Gro D52VC Terral Seed REV 24BHR Seed Consultants SCS HR DEKALB DKC64-87RIB Augusta A Augusta A

29 Table 2. Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Augusta A Phoenix 6522A Axis 64K24RIB AgriGold A6499STXRIB Progeny PGY55VT2P Axis 65H25RIB Terral Seed REV 23BHR AgriGold A6579STX AgriGold A657VT3PRIB NK N74R-3000GT Doebler's RPM 535AMXT Dyna-Gro D54DC Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Progeny PGY44VT2P Channel 23-28STXRIB DEKALB DKC65-9RIB NK N70J-3A AgriGold A6573VT3PRIB Terral Seed REV 22BHR Terral Seed REV 25BHR Seed Consultants SC AGT DEKALB DKC63-33RIB Progeny PGY45VT2P Axis 64T22RIB DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Channel 24-45DGVT2PRIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SC AQ Terral Seed REV 26BHR Phoenix 7402A Augusta A Axis 66T27RIB DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Augusta A Pioneer P260YHR Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ NK N83D-3000GT Pioneer P637VYHR Phoenix 6542A

30 Table 2. Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Seed Consultants SC AGT Progeny PGY47VT3P DEKALB DKC67-57RIB NK N78C Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Dyna-Gro D57DC Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. Planted April 22-23, 205. Harvested September 5-7, 205. Population was 32,430 plants/acre. 28

31 Table 3. Two-year Average Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in 204 and Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0604AM Days Relative Maturity Channel STXRIB Doebler's RPM 505AM Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Seed Consultants SC AQ Channel 2-35STXRIB Channel STXRIB DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Phoenix 5552A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS HR Augusta A Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Doebler's RPM 535AMXT Dyna-Gro D54DC DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Phoenix 6522A DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Seed Consultants SC AGT Axis 64T22RIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) 8.. C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Axis 66T27RIB Phoenix 7402A NK N83D-3000GT Phoenix 6542A Seed Consultants SC AQ Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Seed Consultants SC AGT Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V

32 Table 3. Two-year Average Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA in 204 and Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 30

33 Table 4. Three-year Average Corn Yields under IRRIGATED conditions at the Virginia Crop Improvement Foundation Seed Farm at MT HOLLY, VIRGINIA, Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS 094AM Channel STXRIB Phoenix 5552A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SCS HR Seed Consultants SCS 3AM Phoenix 6522A DEKALB DKC65-9RIB DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity Seed Consultants SC AQ Phoenix 6542A Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. 3

34 Table 5. Corn Yields at the Southern Piedmont AREC at BLACKSTONE, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu <08 Days Relative Maturity Pioneer P0339AM Channel STXRIB Doebler's RPM 563HXR Pioneer P0604AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC6-88RIB Doebler's RPM 505AM Channel STXRIB Doebler's RPM 525AM Channel 2-35STXRIB DEKALB DKC60-67RIB Dyna-Gro D50VC Phoenix 5552A Pioneer P97AM Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Days Relative Maturity Progeny PGY45VT2P DEKALB DKC62-08RIB Progeny PGY44VT2P Channel 25-05STXRIB DEKALB DKC65-9RIB Dyna-Gro D52VC Channel 24-45DGVT2PRIB Dyna-Gro D54DC DEKALB DKC63-33RIB DEKALB DKC64-87RIB Phoenix 794A Phoenix 6522A Progeny PGY55VT2P Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V >5 Days Relative Maturity DEKALB DKC66-40RIB Pioneer P637VYHR Dyna-Gro D57DC

35 Table 5. Corn Yields at the Southern Piedmont AREC at BLACKSTONE, VIRGINIA in Virginia Tech Trials. Brand/Company Hybrid Co. bu/a % lb/bu Channel 27-4DGVT2PRIB DEKALB DKC67-72RIB Phoenix 7402A Phoenix 6542A Doebler's Doeblers 565GRQ DEKALB DKC67-57RIB Doebler's Doeblers 585GRQ Progeny PGYEXP6VT2P Pioneer P260YHR Progeny PGY47VT3P Maturity Average L.S.D. (0.05) C.V Location Average Days to maturity provided by company; differences in maturity rating methods may exist between companies. 2 Reported at 5.5% moisture. Planted April 7, 205. Harvested September 8, 205. Population was 27,200 plants/acre. 33