Figure 1. Proposed vegetation management activities in Alternative 4 for the Butler Hollow Project area. A-1

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1 APPENDIX A Maps Figure 1. Proposed vegetation management activities in Alternative 4 for the Butler Hollow Project area. A-1

2 APPENDIX A Maps Figure 2. Proposed prescribed fire management activities in Alternative 4 for the Butler Hollow Project area. A-2

3 APPENDIX B Harvest Operation Procedures Harvest Operation Procedures to Minimize Impacts to Soil and Water Quality. In general, the best way to reduce soil erosion and loss of soil productivity on all soils no matter what the rating is to limit soil particle dislodgement and transport. This can be accomplished by reducing soil exposure to water; shortening the soil transport distance; and increasing the sedimentation process. This can be achieved by limiting the disturbance of the surface duff layer; maintaining vegetation cover; keeping trails short; maintaining low slope angles on the hillsides; and reducing soil compaction. Soil compaction is caused by heavy equipment traffic. Soil compaction can be reduced by: Using equipment designed with wide foot prints on the ground Operating equipment only when the soil is dry Skidding trees around all wet soil areas Limiting repeated travel over the same area Exposure to raindrop impaction and overland flow dislodges soil particles; the higher the water velocity the greater the chance for dislodgement. Raindrop impaction can be reduced by: Cutting off the crowns of the trees before dragging through the woods, reducing disturbance of the duff layer Minimizing herbaceous vegetation loss due to skidder traffic Planting herbaceous vegetation on all skidder trails after use to increase ground cover Slashing (covering with logging debris) skidder trails where vegetation is limited, to increase surface protection Soil dislodgement by overland flow can be reduced by: Crossing riparian corridors perpendicular to drainages Making skidder trails as short as possible Limiting repeated travel over the same area Run off velocity and soil particle dislodgement can be reduced by: Limiting straight up and down skidder trails on slopes Slashing tops so major boles are perpendicular to slope Orienting tree boles perpendicular to slope when left on the ground Switchback trails on long slopes to shorten runoff lengths Placing frequent water bars with run out ditches on skidder trails Soil sedimentation can be encouraged by: Creating sedimentation pools or herbaceous filter strips at the bottom of trails Creating long level run out ditches off water bars B-1

4 APPENDIX B Harvest Operation Procedures Using silt screens or herbaceous filter strips around log landings Using water dams in ditches along newly created roads B-2

5 APPENDIX E HYDROLOGY BMPs Plan-1 Forest and Use the land management FSM 1900 and 1920 Grassland planning and decision making FSH and 2511 Planning processes to incorporate direction for water quality management consistent with laws, regulation, and policy into land management plans. Plan-2 Project Planning and Analysis Plan-3 Aquatic Zone Planning Use the project, environmental analysis, and decision making processes to incorporate water quality management BMPs into project design and implementation To maintain and improve the condition of land around and adjacent to waterbodies in the context of the environment in which they are located, recognizing their unique values and importance to water quality while implementing land and resource management activities. FSM 1950 and 2524 FSH Forest Plan Direction 13 Goal Completed in assessments at the project level FSM Defined as Riparian Zone (RMZ) and Watercourse Protection Zone (WPZ) 5 C-1

6 Forest Plan Direction AqEco-1 Aquatic Re-establish and retain FSM Goal 1.3 and to 1-4 Ecosystem ecological resilience of aquatic Improvement and ecosystems and associated Restoration resources to achieve Planning sustainability and provide a broad range of ecosystems services AqEco-2 Operations in Aquatic Ecosystems AqEco-3 Ponds and Wetlands Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse impacts to water quality when working in aquatic ecosystems Design and implement pond and wetland projects in a manner that increases the potential for success in meeting project objectives and avoids, minimizes, or mitigates adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources none 21 Standards and,, and and Shrub Swaps none 23 Standards and WPZ, Soil Productivity, Water, and Constructed Waterholes and Wildlife Ponds 2-11, and 2-13 to , and 2-14 C-2

7 Design and implement stream channel and lake shoreline projects in a manner that increases the potential for success in meeting objectives and avoids, minimizes, or mitigates adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources. AqEco-4 Stream Channels and Shorelines Chem-1 Chemical Use Planning Chem-2 Follow Label Directions Use the planning process to develop measures to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources from chemical use on NF lands Avoid or minimize the risk of soil and surface water or groundwater contamination by complying with all label instructions and restrictions required for legal use. Forest Plan Direction none 26 Standards and WPZ, Soil Productivity, and Water FSM 2153 FSH , Chapter 10 FSH , Chapter Standards and WPZ, Springs, Seeps, Fens, Sinkholes, and Shrub Swamps, Pesticide Use, and Rangeland 32 Standards and Guides for Pesticide Use 5 5, 2-13 to 2-14, 2-19 to to 2-20 C-3

8 Chem-3 Avoid or minimize the risk of FSH , Chapter Chemical Use chemical delivery to surface 10 and 50 Near Waterbodies water or groundwater when treating areas near waterbodies Chem-4 Chemical Use in Waterbodies Chem-5 Chemical Handling and Disposal Avoid, minimize, or mitigate unintended adverse effects to water quality from chemical treatments applied directly to waterbodies Avoid or minimize water and soil contamination when transporting, storing, preparing, and mixing chemicals; cleaning application equipment; and cleaning or disposing chemical containers. Forest Plan Direction 32 Standards and WPZ, Springs, Seeps, Fens, Sinkholes, and Shrub Swamps, Pesticide Use, and Rangeland FSH Standards and WPZ, Springs, Seeps, Fens, Sinkholes, and Shrub Swamps, Pesticide Use, and Rangeland FSH Chapter Standards and Guides for Pesticide Use 5, 2-13 to 2-14, 2-19 to , 2-13 to 2-14, 2-19 to to 2-20 C-4

9 Chem-6 1. Determine whether FSH and Chemical chemicals have been applied Chapter 50 Application safely, have been restricted to Monitoring and intended targets, and have not Evaluation resulted in unexpected nontarget effects. Fac-6 Hazardous Materials Fac-7 Vehicle and Equipment Wash Water 2. Document and provide early warning of possible hazardous conditions resulting from potential contamination of water or other non-target resources or areas by chemicals Avoid or minimize short - and long-term adverse effects to soil and water resources by preventing releases of hazardous materials. Avoid or minimize contamination of surface water and groundwater by vehicle or equipment wash water that may contain oil, grease phosphates, soaps, road salts, other chemicals, suspended solids, and invasive species 40 CFR 112 FSM 2160 FSH Chapter 60 Forest Plan Direction 36 NNIP EIS or in other assessments at the project level 45 Standards and Guides for Hazardous Materials none 46 Standards and,, and and Shrub Swaps , and 2-13 to 2-14 C-5

10 Fac-9 Pipelines, Avoid, minimize, or mitigate FSM 2726 and FSH Transmission adverse effects to soil, water Chapter 50 Facilities, and quality, and riparian resources Rights-of-Way during the construction and maintenance of pipelines, powerlines, transmission facilities, and other rights-ofway Forest Plan Direction 48 Standards and Guides for Special Use Permits 2-32 to 2-34 Fire-1 Wildland Fire Planning Use the fire management planning process to develop measures to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources during wildland fire management activities. FSM and FSH Standards and,, and and Prescribed, Fire, Fuels, and Wildland Fire and 2-15 to 2-19 C-6

11 Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects of prescribed fire and associated activities on soil, water quality, and riparian resources that may result from excessive soil disturbances as well as inputs of ash, sediment, nutrients, and debris Fire-2 Use of Prescribed Fire Road-1 Travel Planning and Analysis Use the travel management planning and analysis process to develop measures to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources during road management activities Forest Plan Direction FSM Standards and,, and and Prescribed, Fire, Fuels, and Wildland Fire FSM 7710 and FSH and FSH chapter Standards and,, and and Transportation System and 2-15 to 2-19 C-7

12 Road-2 Road Locate and design roads to FSM 7720 and FSH Location and minimize adverse effects to Design soil, water quality, and riparian resources. Forest Plan Direction 107 Standards and,, and and Transportation System Road-3 Road Construction and Reconstruction Avoid or minimize adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources from erosion, sediment, and other pollutant delivery during road construction or reconstruction. FSM 7720 and FSH and Standards and,, and and Transportation System C-8

13 Road-4 Road Avoid, minimize, or mitigate FSM 7732 and FSH Operations and adverse effects to soil, water , chapter 60 Maintenance quality and riparian resources by controlling road use and operations and providing adequate and appropriate maintenance to minimize sediment production and other pollutants during the useful life of the road. Road-5 Temporary Roads Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality and riparian resources from the construction and use of temporary roads. Forest Plan Direction 111 Standards and,, and and Transportation System None known 114 Standards and,, and and Transportation System C-9

14 Road-6 Road Avoid, minimize, or mitigate FSH Chapter Storage and adverse effects to soil, water 60 and FSM 7734 Decommissioning quality and riparian resources by storing closed roads not needed for at least 1 year (Intermittent Stored Roads) and decommissioning unneeded roads in a hydrologically stable manner to eliminate hydrologic connectivity, restore natural flow patterns, and minimize soil erosion. Forest Plan Direction 115 Standards and,, and and Transportation System Road-7 Stream Crossings Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality and riparian resources when constructing, reconstructing, or maintaining temporary and permanent waterbody crossings. FSM 7722 and FSH b 117 Standards and,, and and Transportation System C-10

15 Road 10 Avoid, minimize, or mitigate FSM 2160 and FSH Equipment adverse effects to soil, water , Chapter 40 Refueling and quality and riparian resources Servicing from fuels, lubricants, cleaners, and other harmful materials discharging into nearby surface waters or infiltrating through soils to contaminate groundwater resources during equipment refueling and servicing activities. Veg-1 Vegetation Planning Use the applicable vegetation management planning process to develop measures to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources during mechanical vegetation treatment activities. Forest Plan Direction 123 Standards and,, and and Transportation System FSM Standards and,, and and Timber C-11

16 Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources by implementing measures to control surface erosion, gully formation, mass slope failure, and resulting sediment movement before, during, and after mechanical vegetation treatments Veg-2 Erosion Prevention and Control Veg-3 Aquatic Zones Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources when conducting mechanical vegetation treatment activities in the AMZ. Forest Plan Direction FSH Standards and,, and and Timber FSM 2526 and Standards and,, and and Timber C-12

17 Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources during ground-based skidding and yarding operations by minimizing site disturbance and controlling the introduction of sediment, nutrients, and chemical pollutants to waterbodies. Veg-4 Ground Based Skidding and Yarding Operations Veg-6 Landings Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources from the construction and use of log landings. Forest Plan Direction FSH Standards and,, and and Timber FSH Standards and,, and and Timber C-13

18 Avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to soil, water quality, and riparian resources by controlling the introduction of sediment, nutrients, chemical, or other pollutants to waterbodies during mechanical site treatment. Veg-8 Mechanical Site Treatment Forest Plan Direction None known 138 Standards and,, and and Timber C-14

19 APPENDIX D Heritage Mitigation Heritage Mitigation Measures. This section presents a description of the various mitigation measures applicable to National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) unevaluated, eligible, or listed sites within the Butler Hollow Project Area. [NOTE: SHPO refers to the Missouri State Historic Preservation Officer; and Advisory Council refers to the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation] General Measures CR1: Site Avoidance/Protection during Project Implementation Avoidance of cultural resources will be understood to require the retention of historic or potentially historic properties in place and their protection from adverse effects resulting from the undertaking. Effects will be avoided by implementing the following specific actions in the Butler Hollow Project area: a) Establishing clearly defined operating conditions, site boundaries, and/or buffer zones around those sites in areas where commercial timber harvest and/or tree-felling/removal activities will take place that might result in an adverse effect to an archaeological site. Operating conditions and/or buffer zones will be sufficient to ensure that the integrity of the characteristics and values which contribute to, or may potentially contribute to, the properties' significance will not be adversely affected b) Routing temporary roads and placing log landings and skid trails away from archaeological sites where possible; where rerouting is not possible and such roads exist, use of previously established woods roads for hauling timber across cultural resource sites will be permitted only within designated acceptable operating conditions, as defined by Missouri Department of Conservation (2010:20) Best Practices (e.g., when such roads are dry or frozen and where hauling is unlikely to lead to excessive road rutting and/or erosion) c) Where road re-alignment is proposed, routing reconstructed roads away from archaeological sites whenever possible CR2: Site Protection during Prescribed Burns Firelines a) Those archaeological sites located along existing non-maintained woods roads that may be used as firelines will be protected by hand-clearing those sections of the road/fireline that cross the sites. Although these roads are generally cleared of combustible debris using a small dozer, a bull hog, or other mechanical means, those sections of roads crossing archaeological sites will be cleared using leaf blowers and/or leaf rakes. There will be neither removal of soil, nor disturbance below the ground surface, during fireline preparation. Previously existing mechanically constructed and/or maintained control lines proposed for reuse will continue to be maintained within existing, previously cleared corridors. b) Archaeological sites that may be located along proposed routes of mechanicallyconstructed firelines, where firelines do not now exist, will be avoided during fireline construction by routing them around archaeological sites. Where such activities may take place outside areas not already included in cultural resources surveys, cultural resources D-1

20 APPENDIX D Heritage Mitigation surveys and regulatory consultation will be completed prior to project implementation. Appropriate mitigation measures as noted in CR1, CR3, and CR4 will be applied prior to project implementation to protect archaeological sites that may be located in these areas. Burn Unit Interior a) Combustible contributing elements on sites in burn unit interiors will be protected from damage during the burns by removing excessive fuels from the feature vicinity, and, where necessary, by burning out an area around the feature prior to igniting the main burns. Burning out is accomplished by constructing a set of two hand lines, approximately 30 to 50 ft. apart, around the feature and by then burning the area between the two lines while the burn is carefully monitored. A fuel-free zone is thereby created around the combustible elements. b) Unevaluated, eligible, or listed sites containing above ground, non-combustible cultural features and exposed artifacts will be protected, where deemed necessary, by removing, by hand, concentrations of fuels of sufficient density to significantly alter the characteristics of those cultural resources. c) No mitigation measures are proposed for any sites in burn interiors that have been previously burned and/or that do not contain combustible elements or other above ground features and exposed artifacts [as described in (a) and (b) above], because it is not expected that the burns proposed for the Butler Hollow Project area would be sufficiently intense to cause adverse effects to these sites. Post-Burn Monitoring Post-burn monitoring may be conducted at selected sites to assess the actual effects of the burns on the sites against the expected effects and to check for indirect effects at the sites following the burn. SHPO consultation will be carried out with respect to mitigation for any sites that suffer unexpected damage during the burn, or that are suffering damage from indirect effects following the burn. CR3: Mitigation Measures If it is not feasible, or necessarily desirable to completely avoid previously undisturbed portions of an archaeological site that may be harmed by a project activity (CR1), then the following steps will be taken: (1) In consultation with the Missouri State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), the site(s) will be evaluated against National Register of Historic Places significance criteria (36 CFR 60.4) to determine if the site is eligible for, or appears to be eligible for, inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. This evaluation may require subsurface site testing. (2) In consultation with the Missouri SHPO, and with the Advisory Council if required, mitigation measures will be developed which will lessen, or minimize, the adverse effects on the site, so that a finding of No Adverse Effect results. (3) The agreed-upon mitigation measures will be implemented prior to initiation of project activities that have the potential to affect the site. CR4: Discovery of Cultural Resources during Project Implementation Although the cultural resources surveys completed for this project are designed to locate all archaeological sites and site components that might be eligible for the National Register, such sites and site components may go undetected for a variety of reasons. Should any previously unrecorded (or previously recorded but not relocated) cultural resources be discovered/rediscovered during project implementation, activities that may be affecting that D-2

21 APPENDIX D Heritage Mitigation resource will be halted immediately; the resource will be evaluated by an archaeologist, and consultation will be initiated with the SHPO, as well as with the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, if required, to determine appropriate actions for protecting the resource and for mitigating any adverse effects on the resource. Project activities at that locale will not be resumed until the resource is adequately protected and until agreed-upon mitigation measures are implemented with SHPO approval. D-3

22 APPENDIX E Vegetation Mitigations ATTACHMENT 2 Recommended Design Features and/or Mitigation Measures to Address Vegetation Concerns Table G-2. Recommended design features/mitigations to address vegetation concerns. Mitigation On glades and open woodlands, clear all logging/felling slash from within 5 feet of the base of trees that are desired for retention. Leave signature old growth trees on glades. Most if not all chinquapin, post and scarlet oak, smoke tree and flowering dogwood. Old growth cedar associated with rock ledges. Applicable Alternative Reason Recommended 4 Slash piles create high heat intensities for long periods of time, particularly if the 10 and 100 hr. fuels will burn. This will reduce the number or residual trees lost during burning. 4 Many of these are open-grown old growth trees. Submitted by: Beth Hardman Forester - Silviculture Nov. 20, 2015 E-1