Sandra Ikauniece Forest ecologyst State Forest Service, Latvia

Transcription

1 Sandra Ikauniece Forest ecologyst State Forest Service, Latvia

2 Forests cover 52% of the land area in Latvia Management : State (Stock Company LVM ) - 50 %, Other owners - 50 % The first reserve Today different protected areas ~ 18 % of forests

3 Specially protected natural areas (633 sites, 12% of total land-use) Natura teritories Protection belts along the Baltic Sea, water bodies, wetlands and water courses, urban teritories Woodland key habitats Microreserves

4 Traditionally biologists deal with nature protection Protected territories traditionally rare plants, geomorphological reserve, rare birds, bogs Lack of education in forest ecology (expecially for foresters) Traditionally biologists and foresters separate communities Forests as ecosystems stay without attention

5 Conservation of rare and endangered species having highly specific habitat demands Special methodology (dead wood, old trees, multi-aged structure, indicator and special species, etc.) Pilot inventory started in 1997; continued till 2005 ( to a minimal extent till 2010.) WKH status - a guarantee of quality for protected forest biotopes

6 EU protected biotopes = WKH (in many cases) 9010* Western taiga 9020* Fennoscandinavian hemiboreal natural old broad-leaved deciduous forests (Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus or Ulmus) 9060 Coniferous forests on, or connected to, glaciofluvial eskers 9080* Fennoscandinavian deciduous swamp woods 9160 Sub-Atlantic and medio-european oak or oak-hornbeam forests of the Carpinion betuli 9180* Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and arvines 91D0* Bog woodlands 91E0* Aluvial forests with Alnus glutnosa and Fraxinus excelsior 91F0 Riparian mixwd forests of Quercus roburs, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior along the great rivers

7 State owned forests voluntary protection??? (Problems with SFC certificate, very soft regulations PEFC ) Microreserves outside Natura 2000 (private owner forests) Strict protection zones in parts of Specially protected natural areas (Natura 2000)

8 Ensure protection of endangered species or habitats From 0.1 ha 200 ha ( for eagles) Bufer zones from 30 ha (osprey) till 300 ha (capercaillie) Strict protected areas, in some cases special management State Forest Service establishes Microreserves in forests

9 Suggestion, expert s conclusion, boundary map - submit to SFS SFS reviews prposal, sends information to municipality and owner SFS makes a decisison about MR establishment or rejects suggestion Owner s agreement is not obligatory!!!

10 Expert qualification How many territories outside Natura? - Insufficient research - pressure from wood industry In all cases individual efforts of experts to do something for protection lack of environmental policy

11 In MR ( 26.3 thousand ha) with buffer zones 26.9 thousand ha In MR (37.55 thousand ha) About 2 % of all protected areas Compensation for private owners MR + specially protected natural areas (strict protected zones, restricted areas) From till LVL ( EUR)

12 MR, ha plants birds mammals snails beetles woods meadows bogs

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