Introducing the performance of 298- kw(400-hp) sawdust machine at a landing area

Transcription

1 Introducing the performance of 298- kw(400-hp) sawdust machine at a landing area Eunjai Lee 1*, Joel A. Bisson 2, Han-Sup Han 2 ( 1 Seoul National University, 2 Humboldt State University) COFE, BANGOR, ME, US. August Beaver Korea Corp. Sawdust machine This material is based upon work supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy under the Biomass Research and Development Initiative program: Award1 Number DE- EE

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3 Introduction Forest residues logging residues mill residues drought/ insect damaged residues 3

4 Introduction Biomass sources logging residues mill residues drought/ insect damaged residues USE Bio-energy 4

5 Introduction Biomass sources logging residues mill residues drought/ insect damaged residues Size reduction operation USE Bio-energy 5

6 Introduction Smaller size particles (less than 4.0 mm) are commonly preferred when mechanically densification and pyrolysis processing (Tumuluru et al. 2011; Gaston et al. 2011; Basu et al. 2013). Densification technology(pellets briquetts), more durable and dense (Li and Liu, 2000; Franke and Rey, 2006,) Pyrolysis technology (gasification and torrefaction), greater quality of biogas and torrefied value (Gaston et al. 2011, Basu et al. 2013) Source: Severy et al Sd: sawdust (0%), Sh: shaving (0%) Ch: chip (0%), Sd:/M: sawdust (70%) and mulch (30%) 6

7 Sawdust machine 28 Sawdust machine (Beaver Korea Corp.) To produce 2-4 mm sawdust using 5 mm knife (tungsten 82% and cobalt 16% alloy knives) A metal conveyor belt and infeed mouth Concave drum mounted 36 blades (equipped 580 knives) 7

8 Sawdust machine Comminuting process 8

9 Objectives 1. Evaluated the productivity (bone dry ton(bdt)/productive machine hour (PMH)) and cost (US $/BDT) of a 294-kW (400-hp) track mounted sawdust machine 2. Observed the feedstock quality such as particle size distribution (%), and bulk density (kg/m 3 ) 9

10 Materials and methods Material type (processed stemwood) Number of samples/roll-off bin truck Subunit 1 Subunit 2 Subunit 3 Small (less than 6 in 20 length) diameter hardwood Large (ranged from 6- cm in 20 length) diameter hardwood Small diameter softwood Large diameter softwood Control material (Douglas-fir board, 0.1 m x 0.1 m x 2.4 m) Pre-test 5 Post small diameter hardwood test 5 Post small diameter softwood test 5 Post large diameter softwood test 5 Total 1

11 Materials and methods Material type (processed stemwood) Number of samples/roll-off bin truck Subunit 1 Subunit 2 Subunit 3 Small (less than 6 in 20 length) diameter hardwood Large (ranged from 6- cm in 20 length) diameter hardwood Small diameter softwood Large diameter softwood Control material (Douglas-fir board, 4 x 4 x 8 ) Pre-test 5 Post small diameter hardwood test 5 Post small diameter softwood test 5 Post large diameter softwood test 5 Total 1 Productivity and cost Time and motion study method Sampling for feedstock quality analysis 20-liter collected each experiments 11

12 Materials and methods Lab analysis Moisture content : 5 for 48 hour (ASTM D ) Particle size distribution and geometric mean length and : 2-3 min sieving (ASTME11-16 standard) Bulk density : tapping test (ISO 153) > 4.0 mm mm mm mm < mm mm mm 12

13 Results Small processed Hardwood Small processed Softwood Large processed Softwood Avg. cycle time (sec/piece) Productivity (BDT of /PMH) Total cost (US $/BDT) Cost factors Purchase price (US $) 350,000 Salvage value (% purchase price) 20 Economic life (years) 5 SMH/year 1,600 Wage (US $) Crew 1 Fuel consumption (gal/hour) 7.15 Machine utilization rate (%) 75 Operation cost (US $/PMH)

14 Results Small processed Hardwood Small processed Softwood Large processed Softwood Avg. cycle time (sec/piece) Productivity (BDT of /PMH) Total cost (US $/BDT) hp chipper (Jernigan et al. 2013) Micro-chipper (800-hp) (Bisson and Han 2016) 800-hp grinder (Harrill and Han 20; Anderson et al. 20) Producing cost, US $/BDT

15 Results 30 Mass of chips in size class (%) <0.841 mm mm mm mm mm mm >4.0mm SH SS LS

16 Results kg/m kg/m kg/m 3 ~ ~ 4.73 mm 5.28 mm 4.38 mm 16

17 Results knife ware Sieve passing, % pre-test post-sh post-ss post-ls Sieve Size (mm) Geometric mean particle size from the four control material tests ANOVA that there were no significant differences (at 0.05 significance level, F = and p = 0.341, > 0.05). 17

18 Conclusion Sawdust machine may be a cost effective option to produce a less than 4 mm sawdust or chips Most of size class is less than 4 mm Knife ware is not a significant effect on productivity and feedstock quality Limitation To difficult to chip a greater than 6 hardwood 18

19 Thank you! 19