Biology 1st Quarter Assessment

Transcription

1 Biology 1st Quarter Assessment 1. Which is a biotic factor that affects the size of a population in a specific ecosystem? a. Average temperature of the ecosystem b. Type of soil in the ecosystem c. Number and kinds of predators in the ecosystem d. Concentration of oxygen in the ecosystem 2. A wildfire destroyed thousands of acres along the Rio Grande River. Heavy rains have washed ash into the river resulting in decreased water quality. Which abiotic factor will most likely affect the survival of fish in the Rio Grande River? a. Decreased oxygen levels b. Decreased temperature c. Decrease in available food d. Increase of predators

2 Figure A: Populations of Organisms A and B in a grassy field. Use Figure A to Answer question A possible reason for these changes is that a. Population B has less resistance to a disease outbreak. b. Population A is better at competing for resources than population B. c. Both populations have experienced a drought. d. The predators of population A have increased.

3 Figure B: Near Wagon Wheel Gap, there has been extensive spruce beetle infestation in the Rio Grande Forest. Many pine trees have died as a result of this infestation. This has resulted in a change in the Rio Grande River runoff. Use Figure B to answer questions What is the most reasonable explanation for the timing of peak runoff in the years given compared to the historic average? a. Warmer spring temperatures caused earlier runoff. b. Cooler spring temperatures caused earlier runoff. c. Live trees provide more shade to the snow than the dead trees and thus, the runoff is earlier with dead trees. d. More water was available in 2012 due to increased snowpack.

4 5. In this graph the change in runoff results from the causing a change in the. a. invasive species, keystone species b. keystone species, invasive species c. excess nutrients, keystone species d. excess nutrients, invasive species 6. Sea otters are important members of the kelp forest in the northwestern United States. Sea otters main diet consists of sea urchins while sea urchins rely on kelp forests for food. Over hunting decreased the population of sea otters to the point of them being declared endangered. Describe the effect the low otter population would have on the sea urchin and kelp populations. a. Sea urchin and kelp populations increased. b. Sea urchin and kelp populations decreased. c. Sea urchin population increased; kelp populations decreased. d. Sea urchin population decreased; kelp population increased.

5 Figure C: Succession in an ecosystem. Use Figure C to answer questions What organisms are found in the climax community for this ecosystem? a. lichens and moss b. trees and shrubs c. weeds and grasses d. volcanoes and soil 8. Which years show primary succession? a. 0 to 115+ years b. 0 to 15 years c. 20 to 115+ years d. 35 to 80 years 9. An example of a human caused disturbance is a. a hurricane. b. forest clearing. c. wildfires sparked by lightning. d. growing lichens.

6 Figure D: Population pyramids in West Africa and in Western Europe. Use Figure D to answer questions Give a reason why the West Africa age structure diagram has the shape shown. a. Birth rate and death rate are similar. b. Birth rate is high and life expectancy is long. c. Birth rate is high and life expectancy is short. d. Birth rate is low and life expectancy is short. 11. Give a reason why the Western Europe age structure diagram has the shape shown. a. Birth rate and death rate are similar. b. Birth rate is high and life expectancy is long. c. Birth rate is high and life expectancy is short. d. Birth rate is low and life expectancy is short.

7 12. Countries in the first stage of demographic transition have a. High death rate and high birth rate b. High death rate and low birth rate c. A slowly growing population d. More old people than young people Figure E Relationship between Hare and Lynx Populations over Time Use Figure E to answer question Why does the hare population spike in 1867? a. Inadequate food supply b. Lack of predators c. High population of lynx d. Competition

8 Figure F Use Figure F to answer questions 13 and During what month does the deer population reach carrying capacity? a. Month 5 b. Month 8 c. Month 4 d. Month What is the approximate carrying capacity for deer in this population? a. 100 b. 80 c. 60 d. 40

9 Figure G: A food web arranged into trophic levels. Use Figure G to answer question What is the fewest number of energy transfers possible between the sun and the wolf? a. Three b. Two c. One d. Four

10 17. Using the given table, create a line graph. 18. Using the graph you drew in Question 17, predict the population of the United States in a. 280 million b. 350 million c. 500 million d. 650 million

11 Figure H: The nitrogen cycle. Use Figure H to answer question Which of these are responsible for nitrogen fixation? a Bacteria b Lightning c. Industry d. Both B & C e. All of the above

12 Figure I: An energy pyramid. Use Figure I to answer questions Which of these organisms is a secondary consumer? a. Grasshopper b. Grass c. Rat d. Owl 21. If the grass contains 1500 kcal of energy, how many kcals would be available to the owl? a kcal b. 150 kcal c. 15 kcal d. 1.5 kcal

13 22. How do nutrients and energy move through an ecosystem? a. Both flow one way through ecosystems b. Both cycle through ecosystems c. Matter cycles and energy flows one way through ecosystems d. Matter flows one way and energy cycles through ecosystems 23 Where does the water cycle get its energy? a. Wind b. The sun c. Precipitation d. Plants 24. Which of the following is true about phosphorus? a. Phosphorus is found primarily in the atmosphere. b. Phosphorus is an important component of RNA and DNA. c. Phosphorus can be fixed by lightning. d. Phosphorus is released into the air when animals exhale carbon dioxide. 25. In the natural world, the availability of food, water, shelter and space can change animal and plant populations. Also, competition for resources, predation and disease can impact populations. These are known as: a. niches b. limiting factors c. density independent limiting factors d. habitats

14 26. Which of the following would be true of a meat based diet? a. Requires less energy for the resources than a plant based diet b. Requires more energy for the resources than a plant based diet c. Requires fewer resources than a plant based diet d. Causes less of an ecological impact than a plant based diet Images/Questions included from Mike Blakeman (USFS), Exam View Test Generator (Miller/Levine Biology Pearson), and Google Images.