ESTABLISHMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA presentation by the UNFCCC Focal point

Transcription

1 ESTABLISHMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA presentation by the UNFCCC Focal point launching programme: Developing GHG reduction projects in the district heating sector in BiH Ozren Laganin Ozren Laganin

2 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF STEPS TAKEN BY BiH AS A NON ANNEX I PARTY TO IMPLEMENT THE CONVENTION Bosnia and Herzegovina ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in September 2000 and starting December 6, 2000 the Convention entered into force for BiH. Kyoto protocol has been ratified in April (A Decree on ratification of the KP published in the BiH Official Gazette 3/08) Immediately after UNFCCC ratification, the institutional basis was created for the realisation of the Convention and Kyoto Protocol commitments. c

3 INSTITUTIONAL SETUP AS A BASIS FOR THE CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ministry of Physical Planning, Civil engineering and Ecology of Republic Srpska, acting as a Focal Point of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the UNFCCC and the GEF Operational Focal Point BiH for climate change issues; The State Steering Climate Change Committee, with 32 representatives; GEF Political and Operational Focal Point within the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations; Administrative Committee for the Environment and Sustainable development of BiH and its Sub Committee for climate change; by the conclusion of the BiH Council of Ministers of 66th session held on May 16th 2002.

4 From the moment of its very establishment, Focal Point s basic task was to prepare the Initial National Communication (INC) and to lead the process of implementation of the Convention As a member country that is not in Annex I of the Convention, namely, as a developing country, in accordance with Article 4 of the Convention, it was found that the members of Sub committee and the Steering Committee will perform undertaken obligations to that extent to which they receive financial assistance. The country has became eligible for GEF support in 2004, therefore the main financial preconditions for continuing the work on INC drafting

5 continued By GEF financial support, through the UNDP, the document Self Assessment for Preparation of a Project Proposal for Preparation of the Initial National Communication of BiH for UNFCCC. This document was successfully completed with countries own capacities, thus creating conditions for the GEF to provide further financial assistance for BiH to prepare the INC

6 . Relevant entity and state stakeholders of Bosnia and Herzegovina decided to give to the UNDP BiH the role of organizer of the INC preparation The INC has been adopted by the government of RS in January and this document is expected to be passed by the BiH Council of Ministers in the coming period It is important to stress that we plan to apply for the GEF funding for the Second National Communication.

7 IDENTIFIED STRATEGIC GOALS AND PRIORITIES accession to the EU; Regional cooperation; Assessment of potential for emission reduction; Assessment of adaptation needs; Assessment of financial, technology, CB and other needs; Right for development as sustainable development.

8 the Medium term program of BiH for implementation of the UNFCCC was delivered back to period 2002/ 2006 This program has recognized several priority areas, of which the following one may be considered as the most important and actual to the present situation, in the course of defining the plan of future activities related to the implementation of the convention : 1. Capacity Building of Bosnia and Herzegovina to deal with climate change issues and fulfilment the commitments related to the preparation of the national communications and its submissions to the UNFCCC within deadline set by the Convention s provision; 2. Creation of the national inventory system and estimations of changes of the greenhouse gases emission at the level of the enterprises, entities and the whole country;

9 3. Initiation of the national Programme and projects for capacity building under the Programme of the World Meteorological Organization, in the fields of climate monitoring and climate extreme detection, early warning and forecasting, as wall as climate data construction and management, using advanced methods and technologies 4. Initiation of the projects with financial support of the GEF in the climate change focal area, regarding the energy efficiency and energy conservation, promoting the adoption of renewable energy, and promoting environmentally sustainable transport

10 5. Initiation of the projects on synergy activities for the implementation three UN Conventions related to climate change, UNFCCC, CBD and Convention on Combating Drought and Desertification; 6. Preparation of the Climate Change Action Plan; 7. Strengthening of the cooperation in the field of climate change on local, national, regional and international level.

11 Problems and constraints related to the availability of human, technical and financial resources The main constraint BiH institutions responsible for implementation the UNFCCC are currently facing is the lack of capacity and insufficient financing to meet increasing management costs for the climate change activities BiH as a developing country faces many economical difficulties, which allows little possibilities for the relevant institutions to carry out adequate information services and provide research support for improving the program s s and projects proposal preparation and encourage greater participation from research institutions and civil society groups

12 Kyoto Protocol global reduction of greenhouse gases by 5.2% ( ) reduction commitments by developed (Annex 1) countries National Policies direct regulations market instruments enterprises: incentives and/or obligations to reduce net emissions of greenhouse gases Options direct reductions indirect measures technical measures Joint Implementation Clean Development Mechanism International Emissions Trading

13 Annex I Country Joint Implementation ( between Annex I Countries ) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) ( Annex I / Non-Annex I) Emission Reduction Units sharing ERUs Certified Emission Reductions CERs

14 Possibilities and needs of capacity building and policy development support for technological capacity building in the fields of systematic climate observation, data collection, processing, archiving, climate database development and climate change analysis and forecasting (meteorological, hydrological and other relevant instruments and equipments, hardware and software, etc.); Financial assistance for staff to take advantage of UNFCCC, IPCC, WMO, GCOS and other international institutions training opportunities related to: climate change impacts studies and projections, vulnerability, adaptations and mitigation assessment; national GHG emission inventory preparation and reporting;

15 Capacity building within the future DNA structure, especially within the Focal Point in order to enable the competent government institutions to carry out the CDM project appraisal and endorsement ement procedure

16 Financial assistance for Bosnia and Herzegovina participation in the Initiative for enhancement of the sub regional South East European (SEE) cooperation in climate change in accordance with the recommendation of the UNECE Sixth Ministerial Conference Environment for Europe, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia, Enhance awareness and knowledge on climate changes, their possible impacts, and other related climate change issues in B&H; Support participation of stakeholders Strengthen relevant and key research institutions and NGOs;

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