University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad

Transcription

1 University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad Use of Male sterility in Cotton and Molecular Markers for fertility Restoration in CGMS of G.hirsutum Cotton Dr.I.S.Katageri Professor and Head Dept. Biotechnology(IABT) College of Agriculture, Dharwad 1

2 Why hybrids? Seed cotton yield superiority ( %) than better parents and commercial checks Blending of Traits : Interspecific hybrids-yield, fibre quality, pest tolerance, abiotic stress tolerance Seed industry- about Rs. 4000crores (Of the Rs 10,000 crore Indian seed market, almost 40 per cent is dominated by Bt cotton) 100% seed replacement Picked up area in India : 95% ( Bt cotton.) and Middle East Regions, Egypt 2

3 DHH 1062 Hybrid and Middle East Regions, Egypt 3

4 DHB 1071 Cotton hybrid Research Net Work Meet Mediterranean and Middle East Regions, Egypt 4

5 G.Hirsutum Sahana G.arboreum DLSa17/ G.herbaceum DDhC11 5

6 Defoliation due to grey mildew

7 Yield : 9-10 q/ha Fibre length : mm GOT (%) : 31 Mic. Value : 5.0 Fibre strength : g/tex Counts : 20s-24s Dharwad Desi Colour Cotton 7

8 Hybrids - History makers Hybrid development : 1890s (India).1940 (commercial scale, H4,C.T. Patel) Varalaxmi (1970) and Jaylaxmi (1980) B. H Katagraki 8

9 DCH32 and Middle East Regions, Egypt 9

10 Cotton Hybrid seed production Doak method of emasculation, Hand Pollination Labor shortage, cost increase.. Rs. 200 (US$ 3) per kilogram seed: avaialble to Almost double now (Rs. 400 )-Major labor, and Middle East Regions, Egypt 10

11 Possibilities of Reduction of labor cost GMS/ CGMS application Cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system(meyer 1973 ) CMS line of G. harkensii cytoplasm- highly stable and fertility restoration is possible Suguna was the first hybrid - genetic male sterility (Gregg male sterile) in public sector and MECH 4 in private sector. and Middle East Regions, Egypt 11

12 Why not picked up? Ill effect of sterile cytoplasm-boll size Restorer-maintenance, diversification Necessity of hand pollination In diversification-molecular markers enhance breeding and Middle East Regions, Egypt 12

13 CMS and Restoration CMS line (A-line) CMS, rfrf C1 N 1 x C1 N 1 Maintainer line (B-line) N, rfrf Large amounts of CMS line C1 N 1 x N 2 C2 Male line (C-line) N and RfRf C1 Fertile F 1 hybrid CMS, Rfrf and Middle East Regions, Egypt

14 What is possible through Molecular Markers? Their tight association with trait of interest Possible to convert diverse lines into restorers Maintenance of fertility restorer trait and Middle East Regions, Egypt 14

15 What is to report here? Chosen Known Markers : 10 RAPD, 7SSR, 6STS A,B and R lines for confirmation Diverse G.hirsutum, G.barbadense, G.herbaceum, G.arboreum lines, wild species and F2 of A X R: For Validation Jinfa Zhang and James McD. Stewart, Identification of Molecular Markers Linked to the Fertility Restorer Genes for CMS-D8 in Cotton, Crop sci Vol. 44 No. 4, p Chen etal Molecular mapping of genic male-sterile genes ms 15, ms 5 and ms 6 in tetraploid cotton Plant Breeding Volume 128, Issue 2, pages , April 2009 Feng etal STS markers linked to the Rf 1 fertility restorer gene of cotton, Theoretical and Applied Genetics January 2005, Volume 110, Issue 2, pp and Middle East Regions, Egypt 15

16 DS-28A, DS-28B and DR-7 UBC147(STS) UBC679(STS) UBC607(STS) UBC659(STS) CIR (SSR) 1.5 kb 1 kb 0.5 kb M A B R A B R A B R A B R A B R M 0.1 kb TRAP425(TRAP) CIR (SSR) NAU /650(SSR) NAU /850(SSR) M A B R A B R A B R A B R M 0.5 kb Y1107(STS) Y1106(STS) CIR222(SSR) UBC679(STS) BNL3535(SSR) A B R A B R A B R A B R A B R and Middle East Regions, Egypt 16

17 Y1107 A-lines M C kb UBC 147 M C kb UBC 607 M C kb and Middle East Regions, Egypt 17

18 Y1107 B-lines M C kb UBC 147 M C kb UBC 607 M C kb 18

19 R-line Y1107 M C kb M C M C UBC kb M M M M and Middle East Regions, Egypt 19

20 Contd.. UBC 607 M C bp M C M C and Middle East Regions, Egypt 20

21 R-line Sl. R-line Amplification Sl. R-line Amplification Sl. R-line Amplification No. No. No. 1 DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR DR

22 Cultivars of other species Sl no Species Amplification status 2 Gossypium barbadense, cv. SBYF Gossypium arboreum, cv. DLSa 17-4 Gossypium herbaceum, cv. Jayadhar - M C b a h C b a h C b a h 1.5 kb 0.5 kb 0.3 kb Y1107 UBC 147 UBC 607 c = control, b = G. barbadense, a = G. arboreum, h = G. herbaceum and Middle East Regions, Egypt 22

23 Wild and crosses with wild species Sl no Species Amplification 1 G. herbaceum L. x G. anomalum L. - 2 G. hirsutum L. x G. austral F. Muell. - 3 G. raimondii Ulbr. - 4 D genome kb 500bp 300bp M C C M C Y1107 UBC 147 UBC 607 and Middle East Regions, Egypt 23

24 GMS line G. hirsutum, c v. Abadhita GMS Sl No. Plants Amplification 1 Sterile plant - 2 Fertile plant - M C S F C S F C S F 1.5 kb 1 kb 0.5 kb Y1107 UBC 147 UBC 607 and Middle East Regions, Egypt 24

25 G. hirsutum germplasm Y1107 RST-9/SGNR CCH-1831 M C CPD-1011 EC BN Acala kb LH-2256 MCU-5 SEC-4 CAK-023A UBC 147 M C HAG-1055 NO kb CPD-423 GJHV-440 ABR-08-4/15 HBS-110 EC HS-289 HSB-148 UBC 607 M C CSHH-243M CPD WIR7178 CPD kb and Middle East Regions, Egypt 25

26 RILs Sl. No. RILs Amplification status Sl. No. RILs Amplification status 1 RILs 1-41 RILs 48-2 RILs 2-42 RILs 49-3 RILs 3-43 RILs 50-4 RILs 4-44 RILs RILs 6-45 RILs 52-6 RILs 7-46 RILs 53-7 RILs 8-47 RILs 54-8 RILs 9-48 RILs 55-9 RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs RILs 88-26

27 RILs Y1107 M C kb UBC 147 M C kb UBC 607 M C kb and Middle East Regions, Egypt 27

28 A X R Y1107 M C kb UBC kb M C UBC 607 M C kb and Middle East Regions, Egypt 28

29 A x R Sl. No. F 1 plants Y1107, UBC 147, UBC 607 Y1107, UBC 147 Amplification status UBC 147, UBC 607 Y1107, UBC 607 Y1107 UBC 147 UBC DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF and Middle East Regions, Egypt 29

30 Pollen viability in A x R Sl. No. F 1 plant No. of Fertile pollen No. of Sterile pollen Viability percentage 1 DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF DRF and Middle East Regions, Egypt 30

31 Acknowledgements My university for funding Students Dr.Rafiq Choudhary Dr.Mohamed Negm and all others

32 From Excellence in Plant Sciences to Value for Society Thanks and Middle East Regions, Egypt 32