Bẽng la ligdi, ti silg rig bẽnga. A local success story on cowpea production and distribution compromised by a national project.

Transcription

1 Bẽng la ligdi, ti silg rig bẽnga. A local success story on cowpea production and distribution compromised by a national project. By Drs ILBOUDO Dieudonné (INERA) BALIMA / DAMA Mariam (INERA) MYWISH K. Maredia (MSU/LIL). Laïco, Ouagadougou 16 Août 2017 Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Grain Legumes

2 Introduction Estimation (World Bank) in 1987 about arevage individual annual income of line of absolute poverty = 370 dollars US ; the burkinabè population has living under this line since 1980 (219$ US) to 1994 (253 $US) cf. INSD(2000) ; But, we know it, the poverty is a complex and multidimensionnal phenomenon. It arrests inits multiple material, social and cultural dimensions.

3 Introduction In Burkina Faso as in the majority of developing countries, the struggle against poverty is made through diverse interventions among which (cf. Klein J.-L. & Champagne, 2011) : The limited first aid which does not always produce sustainable impact, The job creation and economic opportunities with more success, Training and elimination of illiteracy which is a base of success, The promotion of the equity of the necessary kind for a stable company, The important credit and the financing to support the costs of a sustainable development, Direct actions on the productivity, etc.

4 Introduction In Burkina Faso as somewhere else, there are local attempts to go out of this ambient poverty with local actors; Agricultural opportunities with the niébé which is considered as the agricultural wealth in the Sahelian and sahélo-sudanese zone; Song koadba association means association to help the farmers (there mooré spoken language numerically by a majority of the inhabitants of Burkina-Faso).

5 Materials and methods Case study of the Association Song Koadba ( ASK ) of Burkina Faso which had allowed to highlight the dynamics of this association on the production of community seeds or "Quality Declared Seeds ( QDS)" of niébé. This survey (2014 ) was driven with 225 producers of niébé through 25 villages where ASK is the most active, of among which : 53 member seed producers of ASK in villages, 99 members of ASK and simple producers of niébé and 73 simple producers of niébé not members of ASK.

6 Materials and methods Of another socioeconomic survey introduced by the INERA for the Control of Work of the Airport of Donsin ( MOAD) to allow the reinstallation of the farms of ten ( 10 ) villages concerned by the influence of the new international airport of Ouagadougou-Donsin. This socioeconomic investigation, between April, 2012 and June, 2013, had taken into account 832 resident affected producers. This investigation aimed at finding land and professional solutions outside the influence of the airport.

7 Materials and methods Interviews were introduced in a informal and iterative way with the actors of the ASK, the Control of Work of the Airport of Donsin ( MOAD), actors of local s civil society, the city council of Loumbila and the researchers and technicians were implied in the previous studies.

8

9 Zone of survey concerned by the project of the airport of Donsin and % of occupation Commune Rurale oactivity(occupation) Villages Level 1/3 of occupation of the soil Loumbila 1. DONSIN 50% 2. TAONSGO BOULI 50% 3. KOGNINGA 100% 4. KOURITYAOGHIN 20% 5. NONGSTENGA 80% 6. ROGOMNOGO 100% 7. SILMIOUGOU 50% 8. TABTENGA 50% Ziniaré 9. KARTENGA 50% Dapélogo 10. VOAGA 30% Superficie réservée à l aéroport 4400 hectares

10 Zone of survey 3/3 Number of the producing seed and simple producers of niébé investigated according to the zone. Région Province Rural districts concerned by the survey Plateau Central Oubritenga Absouya, Dapélogo, Loumbila, Ourgou- Manéga, Ziniaré, Zitenga Number of investigated villages Number of investigated seeds producers Nombre total de producteurs de niébé enquêtés dont 142 membres de l ASK et 53 non membres Ganzourgou Mogtédo, Salogo, Zam Centre Nord Sanmatenga Mané Total Régions Total Provinces 10 communes rurales Source : Rapport d enquête sur la production et la distribution de semences de niébé des membres de l ASK, MSU-LIL/INERA, 20

11 Results Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Grain Legumes

12 The community and technical success of ASK as the model It is necessary to call back that ASK got organized in an environment of poor farming. With an average surface of less than two ( 2 ) hectares, the producers of the zone were characterized by a level of extreme poverty. It is in 1993 when ASK was born with 350 individual members. Three years later, that is in 1996, this figure is going to be multiplied by seven ( 7 ) at least to affect 2500 members. This increase of the number of the members, being the most lightning in record time, means that very early ASK knew of the success. The progress during the next years is going to be slower but supported to affect 7500 members from 2010 and stabilize in this number until its decline from 2014.

13 The community and technical success of ASK as the model Payment of a right of 1000-CFA franc membership and the annual 500-franc payment of contributions; it is advisable to add the collective memberships which express themselves by village and/or by grouping of men and/or women. The village grouping, here, is a professional association within the framework of the precooperative movement, which can be feminine, male or mixed.

14 The community and technical success of ASK as the model The national trend is for the erasure of the social barriers as ethnic as between the sexes in Burkina Faso as regards the production and the agricultural marketing of certain subsistence crops and pension at the same time. So we meet men and women who cultivate and sell the niébé, the rice, the peanut, the soya...

15 The community and technical success of ASK as the model 8000 Number of individual members à à à à 2017

16 The community and technical success of ASK as the model Number of Village Grouping (GV) and Women Village Grouping (GVF) à à à à 2017 Nombre des GV Nombre des GVF

17 The community and technical success of ASK as the model Seeds QDS of niébé in eleven (11) years sold by ASK Average of seeds QDS sold by year (on eleven (11) years) Annual surface of production of niébé of consumption (on average) Annual production of niébé of consumption by the members of ASK kg kg : 11 years kg : 12 kg (Recommended /Ha quantity) 650 kg x 3360 ha kg kg 3360 hectares 2184 tons of niébé

18 The community and technical success of art of the roduction of iébé sold nnually ASK as the model Cost of the total sale of niébé at 100 f CFA Cost of the total sale of niébé at 300 f CFA Cost of the total sale of niébé at 500 f CFA kg x 5% = kg kg x 100 f = f CFA kg x 300 f = f CFA kg x 500 f = f CFA

19 The bases of the qualitative and functional success of ASK 1. The village groupings Nongtaaba and Zémstaaba of Korsimoro with the Association of Development of the Region of Kaya ( ADRK) in the province of Sanmatenga, 2. The «Fédération des Unions des Groupements Naam» of Yatenga (FUGN L Association), 3. «Vive le Paysan (AVLP)» of Saponé in the province of Bazèga, 4. Association Song Koadba (ASK) of Donsin in the province of Oubritenga, 5. The «association des producteurs semenciers de niébé» in the province of Loroum, 6. The «association des producteurs de niébé de la Bougouriba et du Ioba» supervised) by the Diocese of Diébougou.

20 The bases of the qualitative and functional success of ASK Province Populati on Density/ km² Population Density/ km² Population Density/ km² Surface (km²) Bazèga , , Bougouriba , , , Ioba , , , Loroum , , Oubritenga , , , Sanmatenga , , , Yatenga , , , National , , ,

21 The success of the damaged ASK by a national project The need of a new airport The city of Ouagadougou had a population of inhabitants in 1960 with one of the annual demographic growth estimated then at more than 8 % against a population of 1,5 million inhabitants in 2006 (last national census) and a rate of demographic growth around 6 %. But this increase of the city of Ouagadougou also causes other problems of infrastructures as roads and the landing runway of planes. The accident of the plane of Air Mali on August 11th, 1974 in about ten kilometers of the airport of Ouagadougou with 48 deaths of return of Mecca is still present in certain spirits..

22 The success of the damaged ASK by a national project It is necessary to call back that the current airport built since 1960 and always in function is situated in the center of the city of Ouagadougou and occupies 426 hectares with a length of track of approximately 3000 meters on a width of 0,5 kilometers to its narrowest point As for the new airport under construction, he will have an influence on 4400 hectares with a length of stretchable track from 3500 meters to 4000 meters before the year 2030.

23 The success of the damaged ASK by a national project 2016: 1st reinstallations on new sites which were negotiated with property owners on other more or less distant countries. A cartographic work and a socioeconomic investigation made by the INERA had to allow to identify the surfaces of the fields of diverse cultures and the truck-farming plots of land to be abandoned and also to be acquired to continue to produce.

24 The organizational and professional perspectives Main activity Number of households Breeding 238 Pluvial cultures 98 Maraîchage 89 Others activities 7 Total investigated 432 no investigated 4 Total residents owners 436

25 Villages The organizational and professional Maraîchage Pluvial cultures perspectives Breeding Trade Other No investigated sin enga ninga rit-yaoghin 2 2 TO gstenga omnogo iougou tenga nsgo-bouli ga AL

26 The organizational and professional 253 perspectives Pas de réponse Bovins ovins/caprins Volaille Porcs

27 Conclusion The reconquest of the lost space is impossible from now on. The populations affected actively or passively by this crisis of the space feel defeated: what to make from now on? The reconversion for new professional activities stays a solution for the majority of these populations. The acquired diversified community skills, before the beginning of the works of the airport of Ouagadougou/Donsin, will allow ASK today to play a keyrole in the reconversion and the support of the affected populations.

28 Conclusion The option of the niébé for the rotation in pluvial culture by INERA, which offers to his partner ASK the opportunity to accompany the producers becomes a privilege according to the land availability. THE ASK and his current members, from now on limited by force land, in spite of a moved closer supervision and possibilities of credits, look for other ways of exit. Since the first echos of the project of airport, the women, nevertheless strongly mobilized for the production, the transformation and the marketing of the niébé, changed "their rifle of shoulder".

29 Conclusion The women put a lot much more for the activities of processing of cereal and vegetables. So, the craft transformation of biscuits with niébé, of one thousand and sorghum, compote of tomato, soumbala with seeds of néré are so many new initiatives to survive the airport. They so recommend to put a lot into the restoration and the small shop according to the demographic growth.

30