Mangrove Reforestation and Community Development Program, Indonesia

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Estella Benson
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1 Mangrove Reforestation and Community Development Program, Indonesia

2 Since 2006, a partnership between

3 Created in July 2000, French NGO recognized of public interest in June 2009 (JORF n 0128) This NGO was first specialized in the Congé Solidaire (4500 volunteers, partnerships with 250 private companies) Creation of the Environment and Development department in 2006 A philosophy based on adaptation and long term sustainability 4 reforestation and agro-forestry projects : Indonesia, Mali, Madagascar and Haïti (mainly private fundings, on the basis of 1 =1 tree), all with a strong socio economic development component

4 Yagasu, Indonesian NGO created in full time staff members in 3 offices (Medan, Aceh and Jakarta) Strong link with national institutions and universities Already 8 years of experience in the field of mangrove rehabilitation Mutual strengthening between Planète Urgence and Yagasu in the mark of a partnership since 2006

5 Presentation of the area of intervention

7 Mangrove deforestation in North Sumatra Loss of 23,083 ha (+/- 33%) in 13 years mainly due to: Land use change: 19,592 ha Abrasion: ha Land use change is mainly due to: - Intensive aquaculture fishponds - Palm oil plantations on former fishponds - Expansion of human settlements - Charcoal production and illegal logging - Human infrastructure construction

8 Mangroves Reforestation and Community Development Program, Indonesia

9 Location of the project

10 Philosophy of implementation Conciliation between climate change mitigation and adaptation = 2 goals at 1 time Conciliation between environment and socio economic development = sustainability - Finding sustainable, comprehensive and long term solutions for local community

11 A REDD+ approach The project is not limited to trees planting but adopts a REDD+ approach: Awareness programs for local populations Technical support for the design and implementation of land use management plans (including mangroves areas) Socio-economic development of local populations, mainly through sylvofishery, the support to local producers and the spread of knowledge linked to the mangroves environmental goods and services Support to local institutions in their effort to sustainably manage mangroves and coastal areas Insertion of the project in experts networks linked to the mangroves thematic Studies and reflections on the carbon sequestration potential in mangroves

12 The project in few figures Started in 2007 Reforestation target in 2015: 5 millions trees Planted trees until March 31 st 2011: 2,454,000 trees Reforested area: +/- 500 hectares 5 plantation sites in North Sumatra, 1 in Aceh province Native species used: Avicennia i Marina and Officinalis, i Rhizophora Apiculata, Mucronata and Stylosa, Sonneratia Alba, Bruguiera spp, Ceriops Tagal, Xylocarpus granatum Survival rate in January 1st 2010: 70% (before replacement of dead trees) after 3 years, 90% after 1 year Number of families involved in the project: 400, which means around direct beneficiaries

13 The project in few figures Socio economic development: 42 micro projects of rural livelihood for an income increase of 45% (120 direct beneficiaries) 4 trainings of mangrove food cooking/year (100 trainees) Model of sustainable sylvo-fishery for implementation (still ongoing) Awareness program: 22 village meetings/year (700 people) 10 awareness activities in schools and universities/year (640 children) Management plan in 1 village (ongoing)

14 Avicennia on the coastline

15 What is adaptation? Adaptation can be: - Reactive: immediate, focusing on maintaining current situation - Proactive: reducing risks and promoting long term alternatives In order to adapt we need to understand the context the - In order to adapt, we need to understand the context, the changes process and their impacts on both environment and human beings

16 A basis: understand the context Environmental context: Mangroves are dependent on: Sea level rise, tides, flows, Soil elevation, texture and composition, Hydrology regime, Temperature and change in temperature t and salinity, it Contamination, Former land uses, Local community involvement and use of mangrove ecosystems. Biodiversity repartition, composition and vulnerability

17 A basis: understand the context Socio economic context: Coastal area, characterized by a relative high density of population and land use change Socio-economic activities linked to mangrove ecosystem 2 or 3 jobs at a time, mainly temporary Average monthly family income: 70 to 140 Euros High dependence on mangrove ecosystems and natural cycles High vulnerability towards natural disaster, negative impacts of deforestation, climate change High motivation to participate in the project implementation and design

19 A need: understand the impacts of climate change This understanding should be based on both global and local analysis It needs to address both environmental and human issues Based on scientific, accurate and reliable data Need to establish permanent plots and successive data analysis Need to share this knowledge with local community

20 Mangroves destroyed by fishpond opening

21 Environmental and human impacts of climate change On mangroves: Location of mangroves reforestation and conservation Types of species used for reforestation Methods of plantation Local community involvement in order to ensure the long term permanence of the project activities. On local community: Decrease/change in economic activities Higher vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters Loss of cultural identity

22 Main stakes: A multidisciplinary approach is required, combining: Scientific assessment of current conditions and expected changes, from both an environment and human point of view, and in order to assess the results of the projects, Land use plan at the local level, based on scientific assessment and local community participation, and linked with broader management plans, Reforestation/restoration/conservation of ecosystems, Socio economic development of local community, Awareness of local populations about the benefits they derive from existing ecosystems.

23 Main stakes This multidisciplinary approach should concern both environmental and human aspects of climate change adaptation It should involve local communities, NGOs, administrations, scientists and donors in order to create synergies These synergies will help implement integrated project, take sustainable decisions and save money and time They will also allow to adapt the projects implementation along the time Results of the projects should be assessed in order to duplicate good initiatives

24 Thanks for your attention Contact: Fabien Garnier Project Coordinator and International Delegate for Planète Urgence

Workshop on mangrove rehabilitation and conservation 12 November 2012

Workshop on mangrove rehabilitation and conservation 12 November 2012 U Win Maung Project Manager Coastal Livelihood and Environmental Assets Restoration in Rakhine (CLEARR) State/Div 1980 cover Acres