LUCAS edition THE EU S LAND USE AND LAND COVER SURVEY COMPACT GUIDES. Administrative boundaries: EuroGeographics UN-FAO Turkstat

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1 THE EU S LAND USE AND LAND COVER SURVEY 2017 edition Administrative boundaries: EuroGeographics UN-FAO Turkstat COMPACT GUIDES

2 Survey land use and land cover across the European Union: Monitoring socio-environmental challenges, such as: land take, soil degradation and environmental impact of agriculture. Land cover: Land use: BIOPHYSICAL COVERAGE OF LAND SOCIO-ECONOMIC USAGE MADE OF LAND : 76 subclasses : 33 subclasses Artificial land Cropland Primary sector: (for example, agriculture and forestry) Woodland Shrubland Secondary sector (industry) Grassland Bare land Tertiary sector (services) Water areas Wetlands Other uses (for example, residential use and abandoned areas)

3 Survey: Survey 2015: Field work On-site data collection 28 countries; Land use / land cover over points; Environmental information over soil points; EU-wide 750 surveyors; Standard survey methodology: March September Two phase sampling, classifications, data collection processes. Flexible, ad-hoc modules. Reduced statistical burden: No questionnaires for farmers, land owners. Information collected: Current land cover and land use; Environmental information (e.g. irrigation, grazing, burned areas); Point distribution Administrative boundaries: EuroGeographics UN-FAO Turkstat Adapted to policy needs: OpenStreetmap Contributors Photos (e.g. landscape, crop); Topsoil sample; Grassland survey. Soil sample All photos: European Union; point and pictures to the north, south, east and west

4 Ground document PNOA cedido por Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España Land Use/Cover Area Frame Statistical Survey 2015 Punto: Región Biogeográfica:MED WGS84 Provincia: SEVILLA 4 Ubicación del coche Latitud, º X: º Y: º E = 1: /6 Longitud _ W/E, º UTM Forma tripleta con y Parque Natural E 1: A 100 m PI( C10 )PI E = 1:1.400 ± Survey 2015: Results Land cover in the EU-28 (% of total surface area in 2015) Artificial land Cropland Woodland Shrubland Grassland Water areas Wetlands Bare land Source: Eurostat (online data code: lan_lcv_ovw) 10/11 Longitud _ W/E, º 8 GPS Proy. WGS84 X 13 Precisión m 9 Latitud, º 12 Altitud m 14 Distancia E = 1: Field form (extract) 22 coverage (%) LC1: 1 %LC1 < %LC1 < %LC1 < %LC1 < %LC1 < %LC1 < 90 7 %LC1 90 If LC CXX, or D10 or E10 & area size 0.5 ha 26 Height of trees at the moment of survey 1 < 5 m 2 5 m 35 Land management: 1 Visible signs of grazing 2 No signs of grazing coverage (%) LC2: 1 %LC2 < %LC2 < %LC2 < %LC2 < %LC2 < %LC2 < 90 7 %LC2 90 Height of trees at maturity 1 < 5 m 2 5 m A 36 Special status: 1 Protected 2 Hunting 3 Protected and Hunting 4 No special status 31 use (%) LU1: 1 %LU1 < %LU1 < %LU1 < %LU1 < %LU1 < %LU1 < 90 7 %LU1 90 If height of trees at maturity above 5 m 28 Mapa Topográfico Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España Width of feature: 1 < 20 m 2 20 m 37 Special remark on land cover/use: 1 Tilled and/or sowed 2 Harvested field 3 Clear cut 4 Burnt area 5 Fire break 6 Nursery 7 No Remark 9 Temporarily dry (river bed / lake) 10 Temporarily flooded 34 use (%) LU2: 1 %LU2 < %LU2 < %LU2 < %LU2 < %LU2 < %LU2 < 90 7 %LU Share of artificial land in total land cover, 2015 (% of total) MT NL BE LU DE IT DK UK PT FR CY CZ AT EU-28 HU IE HR PL SI ES EL SK LT RO EE BG LV FI SE Built-up area Non built-up area Source: Eurostat (online data code: lan_lcv_art)

5 What is used for? Landscape and ecosystem services Land, a limited resource The presence of grass verges, hedges, dry stone walls, ditches and other semi-natural linear elements is considered to be of fundamental importance to help promote biodiversity and habitats, providing ecosystem services such as pollination or pest control. Man-made surfaces are an important source of water, soil and air pollution, and the soil sealing by these surfaces can impact upon the water balance, thereby increasing the risk and intensity of flooding. This process of land take also reduces the area available for natural habitats and ecosystems, with the fragmentation of wildlife habitats being a major concern. Land cover and land use data from are used to monitor the increase of urban areas and the productivity of artificial areas (in relation to GDP). Both of these indicators are included in the resource efficiency scoreboard. This scoreboard has been designed to assess the progress towards a resource-efficient, low-carbon economy one of the key objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy. The transect provides information on the presence and evolution of such linear elements and allows to assess them at a regional level. Survey 2015 NUTS 3 average number of linear elements per transect with agriculture as main land cover Average no. of linear elements per transect An example of land take between the 2009 and 2012 surveys European Union, Joint Research Centre, 2017 Administrative boundaries: EuroGeographics UN-FAO Turkstat Use Cases more information and further examples of how is used can be found at: use-cases

6 Soil, an essential element for agriculture Soil is a key agricultural resource and of prime interest to Common Agricultural Policy. The 2009 and 2015 exercises collected soil samples which allowed soil quality (organic carbon content) and other parameters such as soil texture, structure and permeability to be measured. These parameters contributed to the evaluation of soil erosion. Soil erodibility in Europe Soil Erodibility (K-Factor) for Europe K-factor (t ha h) / (ha MJ mm) < > No data Policy areas: Data from can be used to help analyse and contribute to the development of various EU policy areas: Common Agricultural Policy Integrating environmental concerns in the Common Agricultural Policy; Soil thematic strategy Protecting the soil, as detailed in the soil thematic strategy; EU biodiversity strategy Promoting biodiversity and conservation, through the EU s biodiversity strategy; Europe 2020 Encouraging the efficient use of resources for sustainable growth, as in the resource-efficient Europe initiative; Copernicus Land monitoring, spatial planning and resource management, as carried out by the Copernicus earth observation programme; Climate change Tackling climate change, through monitoring conducted by the European Environment Agency, as well as actions under the European climate change programme. Agricultural landscape Background image: ESRI World Terrain Base European Union, Joint Research centre (2014) Use Cases more information and further examples of how is used can be found at: use-cases European Union

7 website: PDF: KS EN-N Print: KS EN-C Additional information on : Did you know? Approximately 15% of the EU s territory is affected by moderate to high soil erosion. Main causes of soil erosion are: inappropriate agricultural practices, deforestation, over-grazing and construction activities. soil data contributes to European erosion mapping (see use cases). Annual increase of artificial land cover in the EU is 1.3% ( ). Printed by Imprimerie centrale in Luxembourg Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 European Union Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, , p. 39). For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. PDF: ISBN doi: / Print: ISBN doi: /001102