OSHA LOGGING OVERVIEW

Transcription

1 OSHA LOGGING OVERVIEW OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (or Act) Applies to all employers (regardless of number of employees) Agriculture Ensures employers conform to workplace safety standards Guarantees employees right to a safe workplace Standards first implemented in 1972, Pulpwood standard Logging standard in 1995

2 OSHA Compliance Inform workers of rights Maintain a safe workplace Identify hazards Implement procedures to minimize hazards (training, job procedures, reengineering, and PPE) Comply with specific regulations General standard All industries Logging standard anything that appears to be logging Any other standard that may apply, Mill standards (unloading) Reporting Forms if more than 10 employees or if requested Fatalities or 3 or more people injured in the same event Incorporating OSHA into a Safety Program Regulations are the minimally accepted standards You may decide to take extra measures to minimize risk Your program should cover all the aspects of the applicable standards

3 Overview Commonly cited standards PPE Training OSHA standard Logging Inspections 37 Logging inspections in Alabama in last 10 years Over total in that time Accident: In response to OSHA reported accident (22) Planned: Random selection of firms with more than 10 employees (9) Followup: Inspect performance regarding violations from a previous inspection (4) Complaint and Referral: Inspection resulting from complaint to or contact with OSHA (2)

4 Logging Industry Citations Name Standard Standard Inspections (%) Logging Electrical Wiring Wiring 15 2 Machines, tools Guarding, etc Gas cutting Abrasive wheels Hand tools Slings Fork lifts 4 - Fire protection Fire ext. 6 - Penalties (%) Logging Industry Citations Name Standard Citations Penalties (%) (%) Hazard communication Safe workplace Section Buildings Floors, surfaces Exits 6 - Medical First aid 4 - Records Forms Summary 2 - Noise Exposure 2 -

5 Logging Industry Citations Other issues PPE Hazardous materials: Fuels, Solvents, Compressed gasses Lockout/Tagout Illness: Dust exposure Bloodborne pathogens Most Frequent Southern Region Logging (266) Violations Count I07 I D04 I07 II D01 VIIA D02 I D01 IV D01 VII D07 I D09 I D01 VI F01 II Logging violations from most recent 200 inspection, 346 total violations

6 Most Frequent Southern Region Non- Logging Violations E H G G C01 I D F C07 IV D C01 Count Logging violations from most recent 200 inspection, 346 total violations Non Logging Violation Summary Hazard Communications E Written program G Material safety data sheets H Employee training Bloodborne pathogens C 1 I Exposure Control Plan PPE D - Hazard assessment including certification F Training Hazardous energy C1 Program C7 - Training

7 Head Protection Hard hats must be worn when overhead hazards are present. The hard hats must comply with ANSI standards. Check for an ANSI label inside the hat. (Subpart I, ANSI Z , if purchased after July 5, 1994, or ANSI Z if purchased before July 5, 1994). Hearing Protection Requirements Requirements are found in Pay particular attention to monitoring the noise levels employees are exposed to. The level will determine whether a hearing conservation program should be implemented. Basic elements of a hearing conservation plan are providing audiograms, training employees, and providing hearing protection at no cost to the employee.

8 Eye/Face Protection Must be worn where there is potential for injury to the eyes or face. Logger type mesh screens are adequate eye and face protection for chain saw operators. The protective equipment must comply with ANSI standards (Subpart I, ANSI Z if purchased after July 5, 1994, or ANSI Z if purchased before July 5, 1994). Leg Protection Chain saw operators must wear leg protection constructed with cutresistant material. The leg protection must extend from the upper thigh down to the boot top and adequately cover the leg. Available in a variety of forms, including chaps, logger pants, and leggings. Protective material includes ballistic nylon, polyester, Kevlar, Engtek, etc. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) currently tests and labels leg protection

9 Foot Protection Employees must wear heavy duty logging boots that are waterproof or water repellant, and cover and provide support to the ankle. For employee that use a chain saw, the footwear must be constructed with cutresistant material that will protect against chainsaw contact Calk soled boots are acceptable when they are required for the employee's job. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) currently tests and labels foot protection Hand Protection Employees who handle wire rope are required to wear hand protection that protects against puncture wounds, cuts, and lacerations.

10 Training Employer is responsible for ensuring that each employee can Properly and safely perform the work tasks and Operate the tools, equipment, machines, and vehicles used in their job. Training Employees who need remedial training or job task change training are required to work under the close supervision of a designated person until the employee demonstrates to the employer the ability to safely perform their duties independently. All training must be conducted in a manner that is understandable to the employees receiving it and it must be given by a designated person.

11 Training The employer must prepare a written certification record to document the training given to employees. Employee name Training date(s) Signature of trainer (or employer) The most recent certification must be kept on file. Training The employer must hold safety and health meetings at least monthly for each employee. The employer must provide training for each employee and supervisor : Prior to initial assignment; When assigned new work tasks, tools, equipment, machines, or vehicles; and Whenever they demonstrate unsafe job performance.

12 Training Must Include Safe use, operation, and maintenance of tools, machines, and vehicles the employee uses Understanding and following the manufacturer s operating and maintenance instructions and warnings. Recognition of safety and health hazards associated with the employees specific work tasks Including the use of work practices and other measures to prevent or control these hazards. Recognition, prevention, and control of other safety and health hazards in the logging industry. Logging General Requirements Loggers must be provided with and wear: Heavy-duty logging boots that are waterresistant and support the ankles Hard hats (if overhead hazards exist) Eye Protection (falling/flying objects) Leg protection (chainsaw operators)

13 First Aid Kits Specific contents (page 4) Serviceable condition How many? Work site with felling Each landing Each transport vehicle If someone is isolated they may need one Vehicles Over the road as opposed to machines Or used to transport people even if off road Inspection and repair Valid license Seats, steps, handholds, seatbelts Present, secure, accessible

14 Machine Design Requirements for machine design and testing specified ROPS/FOPS Seat belts Cabin guarding Door size and number Deflectors Exhaust and mufflers Brakes, Park transmissions Machine operation Daily inspection and repair Seat belts: Must be used in vehicles and machines with ROPS/FOPS, maintained not removed Fire extinguisher on all machines and vehicles Flammable liquids cannot be transported in operators cabin Machines shut off during refueling, or safe fueling procedures

15 Machine operation Operated by designated person only Work within rated limits Riders only in seats provided Machines shut down with parking brake engaged and implements grounded, pressure discharged from systems Visibility through windows (dirt, cracks) Steps and platforms kept clean Guarding kept in place and maintained Working Conditions/Hazards Go to safe place during hazardous conditions (storms, fires wind, darkness) Maintain audible or visual contact Account for each person at the end of the shift Danger trees felled removed or avoided to minimize exposure

16 Working Conditions/Hazards Log deck/pile constructed so pile is stable, allows safe movement Spacing between work areas to minimize hazards (2 tree lengths) given conditions Fuel in approved containers Guarding to protect operators from pinch/nip points, flying debris (chipping, delimbing, bucking) Loading and Unloading Clearance between the truck, loader, and pile All non-essential people clear of the area Driver should not remain in cab Log placement and position Unstable logs secured Tie down tight before moving, check tension en route Mill standards cover unloading at mills

17 Bucking and Limbing Buck on uphill side if chance of sliding or rolling Chock/support when not possible Observe conditions to minimize hazards from tree movement In Woods Chipping Maintain chipper guarding Covers Doors Discharge points Chipper shut down and locked out before maintenance CFR

18 Power Lines Loader operated with a 10 ft clearance (<=50 kv) If voltage > than 50kV, increase clearance by 4 in. for every 10kV over 50 Apply to extremity of load Right of way usually beyond minimum clearance Hand/Power Tools Daily inspection Well maintained Used for intended purposes Good fitting handles and guards Secured in machines or vehicles

19 Manual Felling Felling procedure Clear brush/obstacles Determine retreat path Examine tree hazards and plan Undercut must be made, small enough so tree will not split Backcut to allow sufficient hinge to guide tree to ground At or above the height of the undercut Domino felling prohibited Consider slope in felling plan OSHA Hand and Power Tools Tools must be used for the purpose intended, and must be inspected before use on all shifts. Chainsaws (put into service after 2/9/95) must have: Chain brake Chainsaws (put into service before 2/9/95) must have: Low or reduced kickback chain, or Bar chip cover (over end), or Reduced kickback guide bar.

20 OSHA Chainsaw Features Meet ANSI B Muffler Minimize kick back: chainbrake, nose shield, low kick back chain Throttle lock, chain stops when throttle disengaged All safety features in place, functional Chain catcher Chainsaw Operation Fueling of saws must be at least 20 feet away from fire or other ignition source Saws must be started at least 10 feet away from the fueling area Saws must be started: With the chain break engaged. Firmly supported (no drop-starting) Not used to cut directly overhead Shut off or set chain brake, release throttle before the feller starts his/her retreat

21 Chainsaw Operation Good footing, body position Hands around handles Carried to avoid contact with muffler or chain Shut off, chain brake on or at idle during retreat Chain saw off or chain brake on when moving more than 50 ft Hazardous Communication Written program Containers labeled MSDS for each chemical Training program Explanation of MSDS information MSDS contents Loss control 3

22 Bloodborne Pathogens Standard /bulletin_pdfs/lco4.pdf Exposure control plan Factsheet OSHA NIOSH Reporting and Record Keeping Report fatalities and multiple injuries within 8 hours to OSHA Injury and illness reports/summaries if more than 10 employees, posting requirement OSHA Forms 300, 300A, 301 Training records Employee, FA/CPR, Safety meetings, Haz. Comm. Safety program documentation Maintenance and inspection records Permits/Certificates for specific equipment

23 Fatality Reporting Area office or OSHA Establishment name Location of the incident Time of the incident Number of fatalities or hospitalized employees Names of any injured employees Your contact person and his/her phone number Brief description of the incident. Alabama Contacts Compliance Mobile (251) Birmingham (205)

24 OSHA Inspections Search by business Search by SIC code, Logging = State OSHA OSHA maybe enforced at state level Alabama: Federal enforcement Workplace safety resources Safestate Consultation services to small business

25 Workers Compensation Alabama standards No fault coverage for workplace accidents Guidelines for coverage and benefits Standards/exceptions for coverage Acceptable coverage in place of WC Neighboring states standards maybe different Industry rates set by NCCI Examine loss history by industry Determines rates from claims Liability protection from contractors and their employees increases desire to mandate WC