Agroforestry: Sustainable Agriculture Through the Blending of Trees and Agriculture
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1 Agroforestry: Sustainable Agriculture Through the Blending of Trees and Agriculture Andy Mason, Interim Director USDA National Agroforestry Center C-FAR Seminar July 19, 2010
2 Presentation Objectives What is Agroforestry? Agroforestry practices Why Agroforestry? USDA National Agroforestry Center USDA Strategic Framework for Agroforestry Questions/Comments?
3 What is Agroforestry? the intentional combining of agriculture and forestry to create sustainable land-use systems.
4 Agroforestry isn t ---- conversion of agricultural lands to forests, rather it leaves them in production agriculture
5 Agroforestry Practices Alley Cropping Silvopasture Forest Farming Riparian Forest Buffers Windbreaks Special Applications
6 Alley Cropping Growing an annual or perennial crop between rows of high value trees
7 Alley Cropping Benefits Crop Protection & Production Economic Diversification Nutrient Utilization Soil Erosion Control
8 Silvopasture Growing trees and livestock on the same piece of land
9 Silvopasture Benefits $ Annual Grazing Income $ Long-Term Timber Income Lower Animal Stress Reduced Wildfire Risk Wildlife Benefits Visually Pleasing Carbon Sequestration
10 Silvopasture George & Pat Owens, Chipley, Florida 1984 established silvopasture system Diverse income from timber, cattle, hay, pine straw, hunting. George says... We feel like if it makes money, its good for the environment, and it enhances the value of the property through aesthetics, that we re on the right track... silvopasture gives us all three.
11 Forest Farming Cultivation of high-value specialty crops under a modified forest canopy
12 Forest Farming Products & Benefits Mushrooms Foods Florals Medicinals Ornamentals Ginseng Diversify and increase income
13 Forest Farming Nicola Macpherson Ozark Forest Mushrooms, Missouri 1990 established shiitake mushroom operation on forest land 20,000 shiitake logs currently in production Markets: restaurant owners/chefs, organic food stores, internet
14 Windbreaks Reduce wind erosion of soil, increase crop yields
15 Windbreak Benefits Nebraska: 15,300 miles of field windbreaks protect 1 million acres of crops $72 million/year in increased crop yields
16 Riparian Forest Buffers perform many biological and physical functions. 3 Years
17 Riparian Forest Buffers Ecological Services: Filter Nutrients & Pesticides Sediment Trapping Aquatic & Terrestrial Habitat Streambank Stability Flood Protection Carbon Sequestration
18 Riparian Buffers Rob Miller, Mt. Jefferson Farms, Salem, Oregon 1970s Buffers established: Income from wood products Protect farm from erosion and flooding Trap nutrients from fields TODAY Using a systems approach on farm: Integrating understory plants into buffers, including vegetables
19 Why Agroforestry? 9.1 Billion People in 2050 WILL: Require 70 percent increase in global food production (U.N. Food & Agric. Org) Be fed have the energy they need. THE REAL QUESTION IS: Can we find a way to make food and energy production sustainable? THE ANSWER INCLUDES: AGROFORESTRY
20 Why Agroforestry? Bank Channel Erosion Rural Soil Erosion Fertilizer /Pesticide Livestock Waste
21 Why Agroforestry? Bank Channel Erosion Urban Concentrated Flows Fertilizer /Pesticide Urban Contaminants
22 Why Agroforestry? EXPECTATIONS from America s Farms, Ranches, Forests: Clean water, air, safe and healthy food Vibrant local economies Abundant wildlife, beautiful places Clean renewable energy Moderation of climate change THE ANSWER INCLUDES: AGROFORESTRY
23 Landscape-scale agroforestry Agroforestry: right plant right place right purpose!
24 So you can also think about agroforestry as a means to link. -private and public lands, -rural and urban lands to support sustainable food, energy and fiber production.
25 USDA National Agroforestry Center NAC Lincoln, NE NAC Blacksburg, VA Authorized: 1990 Farm Bill, established 1992 in Lincoln, Nebraska Mission: Accelerate the development and application of agroforestry technologies Partnership: USDA s Forest Service Research, State & Private Forestry, and Natural Resources Conservation Service
26 USDA National Agroforestry Center NRCS National Technology Support Centers NAC Lincoln, NE NAC Blacksburg, VA --NAC is a joint R&D and Technology Transfer Unit --NAC accomplishes its mission through a national network of partners (e.g., universities/extension, state & federal agencies, landowners)
27 USDA National Agroforestry Center (NAC) What does NAC do? conduct research develop technologies and tools; coordinate demonstrations and training; and provide useful information Who are NAC s customers? Natural resource professionals that work directly with farmers, ranchers, forest owners, communities
28 NAC Emphasis Areas Bioenergy Conservation Buffers Climate Change Silvopasture systems Forest Farming Technology Transfer!!
29 NAC Science & Tools.examples Riparian Buffers science to support Maximize Contact with Runoff Buffer Area (ha) tools & technologies Field Runoff Area for water quality Effective Area improvement in Stream Gross Area Stream Buffer agricultural landscapes
30 NAC Science & Tools.examples Conservation Buffers Guidebook synthesis of research publications helps landowners and managers design buffers for multiple benefits (e.g., water, food, biofuels)
31 NAC Science & Tools.examples CanVis Toolkit software & guide creates visual simulations of agroforestry and other conservation planning Landowners want to know: What will it look like?
32 CanVis example
33 NAC Science & Tools.examples Working Trees series of brochures and corresponding displays illustrate & explain agroforestry practices includes Working Trees for Agriculture, Communities, Water Quality
34 USDA Strategic Plan ( ) Goal #1: Assist rural communities to create prosperity so they are self-sustaining... re-populating...economically thriving... Goal #2: Ensure our... private working lands are conserved, restored, and made more resilient to climate change, while enhancing our water resources. AGROFORESTRY is a means to attain these goals
35 USDA Strategic Framework for Agroforestry Purpose? Increase awareness & support for agroforestry to accomplish USDA goals Identify future USDA emphasis areas for agroforestry R&D, technology transfer Who? 6 USDA agencies (FS, NRCS, ARS, NIFA, FSA, OEM) 2 Partners: Natl. Association of State Foresters and Natl. Association of Conservation Districts When? By October 2010
36 Questions & Comments? Andy Mason, Interim Director USDA National Agroforestry Center
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