Forest Ecology (Forest Distribution, Forest Change, and Forest Mgt)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Forest Ecology (Forest Distribution, Forest Change, and Forest Mgt)"

Transcription

1 Forest Ecology (Forest Distribution, Forest Change, and Forest Mgt) Ryan DeSantis University of California Cooperative Extension

2 What is a natural landscape? 1990 Swift River Valley (Western MA) Forest land percent of total land: Maine 89% New Hampshire 85% Vermont 78% Massachusetts 63%

3 3

4 Today s forest is a result of: Previous human management Natural disturbance* Genetics Seed dispersal strategies Seed size, shape, abundance Competition* Soils Geology Slope/aspect Climate* 4

5 TC W H Annual precipitation H-Hayfork, W-Weaverville, TC-Trinity Center 5

6 California Location, location, location 32 to 42 o north/south latitude (Mediterranean, Australia, New Zealand, S. Africa) Mediterranean climate cool, wet winters and warm, dry summers 6

7 West <<< >>> East 7

8 Our local forest types Riparian Communities adjacent to water Big leaf maple, black cottonwood, dogwood, white alder, willow Important for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife Oak woodland Xeric environment Associated with grass Adapted to frequent low-intensity fire Montane chaparral Most extensive CA vegetation type Manzanita, ceanothus Wildfire important Drought resistant 8

9 Our local forest types Mixed conifer Middle elevations of Klamath-Cascade (3,000-6,000 ft) Greatest conifer diversity in the world Ponderosa pine, Jeffrey pine, sugar pine, incense cedar, white fir, Douglas-fir, black oak, manzanita, ceanothus, bitter cherry, mountain misery Periodic fires Some snow 20 th Century fire suppression changed forest density and composition Douglas-fir-mixed evergreen Douglas-fir dominant throughout much of Pacific Northwest Associated with mixed evergreen hardwood species including California bay, coast live oak, canyon live oak, tanoak, Pacific madrone Adapted to frequent low-intensity fire 9

10 Our local forest types True fir Found along higher elevations in the Klamath-Cascade, between mixed conifer and subalpine forests (6,000-8,000 ft) Heavy snowfall White fir, Jeffrey pine, lodgepole pine, juniper Subalpine Found at highest elevations of the Klamath-Cascade, just below timberline (8,000-11,000 ft) Whitebark pine, mountain hemlock, lodgepole pine, juniper 10

11 Tree species differ in their adaptation to: Shade Frost Temperature Drought Fire 11

12 Shade tolerance most to least tolerant white fir red fir Douglas-fir sugar pine incense cedar ponderosa, jeffrey pine black oak 12

13 ASPECT 13

14 Frost tolerance (seedlings) most to least lodgepole, w. white pine red fir ponderosa, jeffrey pine incense cedar sugar pine white fir Douglas-fir madrone 14

15 Temperature adaptation warm to cold ponderosa pine, black oak, madrone Douglas-fir, sugar pine, incense cedar, bigleaf maple red fir, lodgepole pine 15

16 Ponderosa pine 2000 ft Latitude 40 o Ponderosa pine 3000 ft 38 o Ponderosa pine 3500 ft 36 o 16

17 Drought tolerance least to most tolerant red fir white fir sugar pine Douglas-fir lodgepole pine incense cedar ponderosa pine jeffrey pine black oak 17

18 Fire resistance bark thickness, resin content, foliage flammability. Increasing resistance. lodgepole pine Lodgepole pine incense cedar, western white pine sugar pine, white fir Ponderosa pine Douglas-fir, ponderosa pine 18

19 Jack pine, Minnesota Knobcone pine, California 19

20 Drastic changes to forest ecosystems: knobcone pine and jack pine require large, stand-replacing fires for regeneration 20

21 Forest change Changes to ecosystems occur due to. Displacement Site alteration Colonization 21

22 Forest change How fast does change occur? Depends on How much change must occur Productivity of organisms Longevity of organisms Degree of dominance of site by seral stage 22

23 Forest change Ecological succession: Temporal changes in types, numbers and groupings of organisms occupying an area and concomitant changes in the physical environment 23

24 Ecological succession Primary following catastrophe, start with physical abiotic environment, no biological legacy, e.g. island building in ocean, retreating glacier, volcanic eruption Secondary follows disturbance that leaves a significant biological legacy, e.g. fire, windstorm, clearcut 24

25 Successional gradients Light or shade: high low Water: xeric mesic Nutrients: low high Species diversity: low intermediate high 25

26 Seedling establishment Pioneer species: bare/exposed areas (ponderosa pine) Gap-phase species: under closed canopies and later released by opening of a gap (redwood) 26

27 Stages of succession Pioneer Consolidation Subclimax Climax 27

28 28

29 Competition 29

30 Suppressed seedling Released seedling 30

31 Diameter growth with competition control. 9 yrs. Diameter growth slows with increasing competition. 23 yrs 31

32 Effect of thinning, competition reduction 17 rings 17 rings 32

33 33

34 How did your forest develop? Use tips such as: Current overstory & regeneration Stumps Dead trees (oak, manzanita, etc.) Wolfy (dead, large, understory) limbs Fences Understory vegetation (grass? woody plants?) One or many ages, one or multiple species Opening size 34 Fire scars

35 Disturbances Fragmentation Weather (wind, drought, hail, flood, ice/snow) Fire Alteration of fire regime Diseases Invasive insects Invasive plants Global climate change 35

36 Natural disturbances: wind damage 36

37 Natural disturbances: wind damage Lee Frelich Roy Rich Forest before...and after wind damage 37

38 Disturbance Affects. Energy capture, transfer and storage Biogeochemical cycles Light, temperature, water Soil Species>Population>Community>Ecosystem 38

39 Natural disturbances: insect damage 39

40 Natural disturbances: insect damage 40

41 41

42 42

43 Fire= photosynthesis in reverse Photosynthesis: Fire: CO2 + H2O + energy cellulose + O2 O2 + cellulose + energy CO2 + H2O + energy Similar to organic matter decomposition, but much faster. 43

44 Mediterranean Climate Cool/wet Winters grow fuels, warm/dry Summers fuel annual fire season 44

45 California s Mediterranean Climate Cool/wet Winters grow fuels Warm/dry Summers fuel annual fire season 30%+ of U.S. national wildland fire management expenditures 45

46 Fire Climate - Precipitation Patterns YELLOWSTONE LAKE, WY REDDING, CA Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec NORTH PLATTE, NE FLAGSTAFF, AZ Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 46 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

47 Three parts of the fire triangle Fuel (something that will burn) 47

48 CA: historically, fires maintained a variety of vegetation types 48

49 Disturbance Affects energy, competition, succession + & - Fire Wind Drought Ice Insects and disease Anthropogenic (forest management) Harvesting trees, shrubs, other forest products Clearing space for trails, houses, agriculture Prescribed burning, thinning, etc. to control brush, fire hazard, wildlife habitat 49

50 Energy capture, transfer and storage Forest management affects energy in the forest Pest control Clearcutting Site preparation Preparing site to promote future forest Prescribed burning Fertilization All related to natural disturbances 50

51 51

52 Ryan DeSantis Forestry Advisor UC Cooperative Extension Trinity, Shasta, and Siskiyou Counties (530) UC Cooperative Extension in Trinity County: Shasta County: Siskiyou County:

Ecology of Pacific Madrone. Glenn Ahrens Oregon State University Extension Forestry and Natural Resources Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative

Ecology of Pacific Madrone. Glenn Ahrens Oregon State University Extension Forestry and Natural Resources Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Ecology of Pacific Madrone Glenn Ahrens Oregon State University Extension Forestry and Natural Resources Hardwood Silviculture Cooperative Background 30 years of Research and Extension at Oregon State

More information

W.M. Beaty & Associates Forestland Management in Northeastern California. WBA Managed Tract, SE Lassen County

W.M. Beaty & Associates Forestland Management in Northeastern California.   WBA Managed Tract, SE Lassen County W.M. Beaty & Associates Forestland Management in Northeastern California www.wmbeaty.com WBA Managed Tract, SE Lassen County W. M. Beaty & Associates Established in 1970 Manage + 284,000 acres of family-owned

More information

SILVICULTURE SILVICULTURE 10/8/2018. Ecological forestry (Ecosystem management)

SILVICULTURE SILVICULTURE 10/8/2018. Ecological forestry (Ecosystem management) SILVICULTURE SILVICULTURE Dave Peterson University of Washington School of Environmental and Forest Sciences Thanks to Kristi McClelland, Boyd Evison, and Greg Ettl Silviculture The science and art of

More information

Intermountain Adaptation Partnership. Pat Behrens, USFS Intermountain Region

Intermountain Adaptation Partnership. Pat Behrens, USFS Intermountain Region Pat Behrens, USFS Intermountain Region Direct effects altered vegetation growth, mortality, and regeneration Indirect effects through altered disturbance and interactions with altered ecosystem processes

More information

Regeneration / Young Stand Models

Regeneration / Young Stand Models Many of the standard growth and yield models that are currently in use start with stands that have passed the regeneration phase of development (i.e., they start with stands with ages of 15 or 20 years

More information

Mixed Conifer Forests An Overview

Mixed Conifer Forests An Overview Mixed Conifer Forests An Overview Thomas Spies PNW Research Station December 4, 2013 Pendleton, OR "Ecosystems are not only more complex than we think, but more complex than we can think. ---Frank Egler

More information

Characteristics of Forest Landscapes Throughout the World

Characteristics of Forest Landscapes Throughout the World Characteristics of Forest Landscapes Throughout the World Approaches to interpreting landscapes in a region Basic determinants of landscape pattern Geophysical template Biota disturbances Physical template

More information

Potential Effects of Climate Change on Mixed Severity Fire Regimes of the Western U.S.

Potential Effects of Climate Change on Mixed Severity Fire Regimes of the Western U.S. Potential Effects of Climate Change on Mixed Severity Fire Regimes of the Western U.S. Jessica E. Halofsky David L. Peterson Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences Lab Seattle, WA Climate controls ecosystem processes

More information

Stand Dynamics and Health. Helping Your Woods Grow. For most of us this is our goal. Traditional Land Knowledge. Forest Function and Wildlife Habitat

Stand Dynamics and Health. Helping Your Woods Grow. For most of us this is our goal. Traditional Land Knowledge. Forest Function and Wildlife Habitat Helping Your Woods Grow the art and science of silviculture Stand Dynamics and Health Kristi McClelland, King County DNRP Forester http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/cepublications/eb2000/eb2000.pdf Photo by John

More information

Presentation to the Yunnan Forestry Visiting Delegation to the Faculty of Forestry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April29th, 2005

Presentation to the Yunnan Forestry Visiting Delegation to the Faculty of Forestry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April29th, 2005 Presentation to the Yunnan Forestry Visiting Delegation to the Faculty of Forestry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April29th, 2005 By J. P. (Hamish) Kimmins Professor of Forest Ecology Senior

More information

Disturbance Effects on Xeric Oak Forests in Oklahoma and California

Disturbance Effects on Xeric Oak Forests in Oklahoma and California Disturbance Effects on Xeric Oak Forests in Oklahoma and California Ryan DeSantis University of California Cooperative Extension Shasta, Trinity & Siskiyou Counties; Redding 1. Introduction 2. OK research

More information

People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes

People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes Succession People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes Scientists can use these patterns To learn how forests grow To examine how

More information

Red Pine Management Guide A handbook to red pine management in the North Central Region

Red Pine Management Guide A handbook to red pine management in the North Central Region Red Pine Management Guide A handbook to red pine management in the North Central Region This guide is also available online at: http://ncrs.fs.fed.us/fmg/nfgm/rp A cooperative project of: North Central

More information

Western Oregon Forest Ecology. Michael Ahr, Forest Conservationist

Western Oregon Forest Ecology. Michael Ahr, Forest Conservationist Western Oregon Forest Ecology Michael Ahr, Forest Conservationist Outline Geology Forest Types Common NW Tree Species Successional Stand Types Brief History of Forest Management Effects on NW Ecosystems

More information

TEMPERATE FORESTS Ed Jensen, College of Forestry, OSU. Temperate Deciduous Forests

TEMPERATE FORESTS Ed Jensen, College of Forestry, OSU. Temperate Deciduous Forests TEMPERATE FORESTS Ed Jensen, College of Forestry, OSU Temperate Deciduous Forests TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS Primarily northern hemisphere (but not exclusively) Bordered on the north by the boreal forest;

More information

Defining Forests. forestry hardwood log native forest old-growth forest. E-unit: Defining Forests Page 1

Defining Forests. forestry hardwood log native forest old-growth forest. E-unit: Defining Forests Page 1 Defining Forests W HEN WE use the tree respectfully and economically, we have one of the greatest resources on the earth, said Frank Lloyd Wright. Clearly Mr. Wright placed value on trees and had sustainability

More information

Black cottonwood (Act) - Populus trichocarpa

Black cottonwood (Act) - Populus trichocarpa Black cottonwood (Act) - Populus trichocarpa Tree Species > Black cottonwood Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC

More information

People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes

People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes Succession People tend to think that forests are static but they are in fact constantly changing There are predictable changes Scientists can use these patterns To learn how forests grow To examine how

More information

Fire Ecology and Conservation Mary Jane Epps

Fire Ecology and Conservation Mary Jane Epps Fire Ecology and Conservation Mary Jane Epps 1 84% of important global conservation areas are considered at risk because of human-caused changes to the natural fire regime. (TNC) 1 Fire History Pre-1900

More information

Ecological Succession

Ecological Succession Ecological Succession Do communities change? Ponder this. Do communities change? yes, of course What makes them change? Ponder this. Ponder this. Do communities change? yes, of course What makes them change?

More information

What is Forestry? Defining a Forest 14/05/2018. What do you think of when you hear, forest? What do you think of when you hear, forest?

What is Forestry? Defining a Forest 14/05/2018. What do you think of when you hear, forest? What do you think of when you hear, forest? What is Forestry? 1 2 3 4 6 An ecosystem in which the dominant plants are trees where I hunt 2 main types: 5 1 7 But forests also include: 8 Forests vary in size, composition, and function. Shrubs Decomposers

More information

Climate Change effects on West Side Vegetation. Crystal Raymond USFS PNW Station

Climate Change effects on West Side Vegetation. Crystal Raymond USFS PNW Station Climate Change effects on West Side Vegetation Crystal Raymond USFS PNW Station The Tool Box Tree rings as natural archives Inferences based on the past Long-term paleoecolgical records (pollen, charcoal,

More information

Wildlife Conservation Society Climate Adaptation Fund 2014 Restoring Oak Resilience at the Table Rocks, Rogue River Basin, Oregon FACT SHEET

Wildlife Conservation Society Climate Adaptation Fund 2014 Restoring Oak Resilience at the Table Rocks, Rogue River Basin, Oregon FACT SHEET Wildlife Conservation Society Climate Adaptation Fund 2014 Restoring Oak Resilience at the Table Rocks, Rogue River Basin, Oregon FACT SHEET Project Overview Oak ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest exist

More information

White spruce (Sw) - Picea glauca

White spruce (Sw) - Picea glauca White spruce (Sw) - Picea glauca Tree Species > White spruce Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution of

More information

Reshaping Nature: Climate Change in the Blue Mountains and Beyond. Dave Peterson U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station

Reshaping Nature: Climate Change in the Blue Mountains and Beyond. Dave Peterson U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Reshaping Nature: Climate Change in the Blue Mountains and Beyond Dave Peterson U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Weather vs. Climate Weather refers to day-to-day changes in temperature,

More information

ECOLOGICAL FOREST MANAGEMENT

ECOLOGICAL FOREST MANAGEMENT ECOLOGICAL FOREST MANAGEMENT Northwest Natural Resources Group Rolf Gersonde, 6/11/2016 RolfGersonde@gmail.com Ecological Forestry in 60 Seconds The Element of Ecological Forestry Using site Adapted Species

More information

Western redcedar (Cw)- Thuja plicata

Western redcedar (Cw)- Thuja plicata Western redcedar (Cw)- Thuja plicata Tree Species > Western redcedar Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution

More information

Forestry. A Big Thanks

Forestry. A Big Thanks Forestry Jeffrey S. Ward, Station Forester The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station A Big Thanks Thomas E. Worthley - Assistant Extension Professor 1 Established in 1875 Services Applied research

More information

Climate Change. Introduction

Climate Change. Introduction Climate Change This environmental assessment incorporates by reference (as per 40 CFR 1502.21) the Climate Change specialists report and other technical documentation used to support the analysis and conclusions

More information

Carl N. Skinner Research Geographer USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Redding, CA

Carl N. Skinner Research Geographer USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Redding, CA Fire & Healthy Forests Carl N. Skinner Research Geographer USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Redding, CA Our general view of forest fires. Fountain Fire 1992 60,000 acres 300 homes

More information

Chapter 40a. Ch. 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Chapter 40a. Ch. 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Chapter 40a Ch. 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere Ecology: the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment The ecological study of species involves biotic and

More information

Fire Danger Rating Areas

Fire Danger Rating Areas Fire Danger Rating Areas Timber West This area is the Douglas-fir/Ponderosa Pine forest of the CAL FIRE Direct Protection Area in Trinity County. It is in the Interior Conifer Q81 st Planning Belt. The

More information

Fire in California s North Coast An ecological and social process

Fire in California s North Coast An ecological and social process Fire in California s North Coast An ecological and social process Yana Valachovic Forest Advisor & County Director UC Cooperative Extension, Humboldt/Del Norte Outline Role of fire in North Coast ecosystems

More information

Rogue Basin Ecological Integrity Assessment and Climate Change Management Interactions

Rogue Basin Ecological Integrity Assessment and Climate Change Management Interactions Rogue Basin Ecological Integrity Assessment and Climate Change Management Interactions Jimmy Kagan OSU PSU UO Ecological Integrity Measures (by area) Land management status Landscape features Habitat characteristics

More information

APPENDIX 2 -- EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA AND FIA FOREST TYPE ALGORITHM FOR THE U.S. EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA

APPENDIX 2 -- EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA AND FIA FOREST TYPE ALGORITHM FOR THE U.S. EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA rtheast Field Guide, Version 1.7 APPENDIX 2 -- EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA AND FIA FOREST TYPE ALGORITHM FOR THE U.S. EASTERN U.S. SITE-TREE SELECTION CRITERIA Ideally, site trees in the

More information

Forest Characteristics. Integrating Forest Management and Wildlife. Effects of Silvicultural Practices. Management of Succession

Forest Characteristics. Integrating Forest Management and Wildlife. Effects of Silvicultural Practices. Management of Succession Forest Characteristics Integrating Forest Management and Wildlife Site descriptors such as aspect, elevation, and soil types Site Index a way of describing the productivity of the site Sam Jackson Nov.

More information

Future Forest Conditions

Future Forest Conditions Future Forest Conditions Claudia Regan Regional Vegetation Ecologist USFS Rocky Mountain Region cregan@fs.fed.us Acknowledgements Missy Dressen, Polly Hays, Greg Hayward, Don Vandendriesche, Kristen Pelz,

More information

Fire and Biodiversity in British Columbia Ze ev Gedalof, Climate & Ecosystem Dynamics Research Lab, University of Guelph

Fire and Biodiversity in British Columbia Ze ev Gedalof, Climate & Ecosystem Dynamics Research Lab, University of Guelph Fire and Biodiversity in British Columbia Ze ev Gedalof, Climate & Ecosystem Dynamics Research Lab, University of Guelph The Concept of the Fire Regime Nearly the entire vegetation landscape of British

More information

General Information. Reviewers Miles Hemstrom Steve Acker

General Information. Reviewers Miles Hemstrom Steve Acker R#DFHEdy Rapid Assessment Reference Condition Model The Rapid Assessment is a component of the LANDFIRE project. Reference condition models for the Rapid Assessment were created through a series of expert

More information

Land Stewards Maintaining Healthy Trees & Forests. Max Bennett Extension Forestry & Natural Resources Agent

Land Stewards Maintaining Healthy Trees & Forests. Max Bennett Extension Forestry & Natural Resources Agent Land Stewards Maintaining Healthy Trees & Forests Max Bennett Extension Forestry & Natural Resources Agent After this presentation you will be able to: Describe the major talents of eight local tree species

More information

Hyde Park Hyde Park Wildland Urban Interface Project. Scoping Information February 2017

Hyde Park Hyde Park Wildland Urban Interface Project. Scoping Information February 2017 Introduction The Santa Fe National Forest is working as part of the Greater Santa Fe Fireshed Coalition (GSFF) to change conditions across a landscape critical to the vitality of our communities. The GSFF

More information

(ft) Mean annual ( F)

(ft) Mean annual ( F) Washington State s: East-Side Marine Shoreline West-side Montane To Douglas-fir / Grand fir Douglas-fir / Grand fir Douglas-fir / Grand fir Sitka Spruce Shrub Palouse Prairie Okanogan Highlands / Purcell

More information

Change for Western North America. Hydrologic Implications of Climate. and the Columbia River Basin. Dennis P. Lettenmaier. Alan F.

Change for Western North America. Hydrologic Implications of Climate. and the Columbia River Basin. Dennis P. Lettenmaier. Alan F. Hydrologic Implications of Climate Change for Western North America and the Columbia River Basin Alan F. Hamlet, Philip W. Mote, Dennis P. Lettenmaier JISAO/CSES Climate Impacts Group Dept. of Civil and

More information

Reading Project Noxious Weed Risk Assessment Hat Creek Ranger District Lassen National Forest April 3, 2013

Reading Project Noxious Weed Risk Assessment Hat Creek Ranger District Lassen National Forest April 3, 2013 Reading Project Noxious Weed Risk Assessment Hat Creek Ranger District Lassen National Forest April 3, 2013 Prepared By: /s/ Tim Kellison Date: 05-31-2013 Tim Kellison Assistant Forest Botanist Reviewed

More information

Fire History in the Colorado Rockies

Fire History in the Colorado Rockies Fire History in the Colorado Rockies Brief overview of fire regimes in different forest ecosystem types Relationship of wildfire activity to climate variability Effects of fire exclusion and fire suppression

More information

GSP Monitoring Team Baseline Data Report

GSP Monitoring Team Baseline Data Report GSP Monitoring Team The data in this report was gathered by the Green Seattle Partnership Forest Monitoring Team, a citizen-science program that collects information on permanent plots in Seattle s public

More information

2/24/2009. The factors that determine what type of forest will grow in a region are temperature precipitation growing season soil land forms

2/24/2009. The factors that determine what type of forest will grow in a region are temperature precipitation growing season soil land forms FOREST FACTS Forestry 37% of Canada's land area covered by forests. Stretches in a continuous band from BC to NL. Commercial forests are forests that could be easily be harvested for timber. Non-commercial

More information

Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report

Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report Mud Springs Fuel Break South Fork Management Unit Shasta-Trinity National Forest Prepared By: Mark Goldsmith Wildlife Biologist 7/2/12 Date Reviewed

More information

Number of Species on Earth

Number of Species on Earth Number of Species on Earth 1,400,000 animal sp. 320,000 plant sp. Estimated # of tropical species (based on birds) = 2-3 x temperate = 2.8-4.2 million So total = 4.2-5.6 million The Creator, if He exists,

More information

Vegetation Module Seth Bigelow & Malcolm North Staff: Keith Perchemlides Sierra Nevada Research Center USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station

Vegetation Module Seth Bigelow & Malcolm North Staff: Keith Perchemlides Sierra Nevada Research Center USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station Vegetation Module Seth Bigelow & Malcolm North Staff: Keith Perchemlides Sierra Nevada Research Center USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station Objectives: Provide tools to achieve desired future condition

More information

Forensic Forestry Reading the Land

Forensic Forestry Reading the Land Principles of Forest Ecology and Management or Forensic Forestry Reading the Land Jonathan Kays University of Maryland Extension Where Do We Start? Think Like A Plant Act Like A Plant Thinking and Acting

More information

Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field. Climate Projections for Forests: A Quick Summary

Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field. Climate Projections for Forests: A Quick Summary Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field NE SAF Annual Meeting, Nashua, NH 26 March 2014 Small Urban Mid coast Maine Large industrial Irving Woodlands Small woodlot Allen

More information

Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field

Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field Adapting to Climate Change in the Northeast: Experiences from the Field NE SAF Annual Meeting, Nashua, NH 26 March 2014 Small Urban Mid-coast Maine Large industrial Irving Woodlands Small woodlot Allen

More information

Chapter 1: Purpose and Need for Action and Proposed Action

Chapter 1: Purpose and Need for Action and Proposed Action Chapter 1: Purpose and Need for Action and Proposed Action Introduction The Goosenest Ranger District of the Klamath National Forest (KNF) is proposing a habitat restoration project on 2,226 acres in a

More information

R5 Forest Health Protection Aerial Detection Survey North Coastal Range and Klamath Mtns July 17 th -21 st, Sep 21 st -25 th, Oct 12 th - 14 th 2015

R5 Forest Health Protection Aerial Detection Survey North Coastal Range and Klamath Mtns July 17 th -21 st, Sep 21 st -25 th, Oct 12 th - 14 th 2015 R5 Forest Health Protection Aerial Detection Survey North Coastal Range and Klamath Mtns July 17 th -21 st, Sep 21 st -25 th, Oct 12 th - 14 th 2015 Background: Many of California s forests are overly

More information

Global Warming. Potential Impact on the Tree species of P.E.I. Department of Environment, Energy and Forestry William M.

Global Warming. Potential Impact on the Tree species of P.E.I. Department of Environment, Energy and Forestry William M. Global Warming Potential Impact on the Tree species of P.E.I. Department of Environment, Energy and Forestry William M. Glen March 2005 Sources Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Intergovernmental

More information

Dwarf Mistletoe Biology and Management in Southeast Region

Dwarf Mistletoe Biology and Management in Southeast Region Dwarf Mistletoe Biology and Management in Southeast Region Louis Halloin February 2003 Dwarf mistletoe is a parasitic plant native to western forests. It depends on its host for water and nutrients. Mistletoe

More information

It s a Jungle Out There!

It s a Jungle Out There! Everyone has heard of forest succession. After a disturbance, there is a somewhat predictable transition from the initial pioneer plants, perhaps through several stages, toward a climax forest the stable,

More information

Why Wildfires Keep Getting Bigger: An Introduction to Wildland Fires in New Mexico. Mary Stuever, Chama District Forester New Mexico State Forestry

Why Wildfires Keep Getting Bigger: An Introduction to Wildland Fires in New Mexico. Mary Stuever, Chama District Forester New Mexico State Forestry Why Wildfires Keep Getting Bigger: An Introduction to Wildland Fires in New Mexico Mary Stuever, Chama District Forester New Mexico State Forestry Visiting Forester Program at Philmont Scout Ranch William

More information

Oak and Tanoak Pest Issues. Tom Smith Forest Pest Management California Department of Forestry and Fire protection

Oak and Tanoak Pest Issues. Tom Smith Forest Pest Management California Department of Forestry and Fire protection Oak and Tanoak Pest Issues Tom Smith Forest Pest Management California Department of Forestry and Fire protection California Oak Woodlands Issues Urbanization Fragmentation Fire Regimes Stand Structure

More information

Wildlife Conservation Strategy

Wildlife Conservation Strategy Wildlife Conservation Strategy Boise National Forest What is the Wildlife Conservation Strategy? The Boise National Forest is developing a Wildlife Conservation Strategy (WCS) in accordance with its Land

More information

FRENCH GULCH (UPPER CLEAR CREEK) PLANNING AREA

FRENCH GULCH (UPPER CLEAR CREEK) PLANNING AREA 2016 SHASTA COUNTY COMMUNITY WILDFIRE PROTECTION PLAN FRENCH GULCH (UPPER CLEAR CREEK) PLANNING AREA Covering the community of: French Gulch FRENCH GULCH (UPPER CLEAR CREEK) PLANNING AREA (2016) I. PROPOSED

More information

1. Protect against wildfires 2. Enhance wildlife habitat 3. Protect watersheds 4. Restore plant communities. Ford Ridge Project Area (pre-treatment)

1. Protect against wildfires 2. Enhance wildlife habitat 3. Protect watersheds 4. Restore plant communities. Ford Ridge Project Area (pre-treatment) OVERVIEW Ford Ridge is a multi-stage project planned and coordinated utilizing indepth scientific research and best management practices. Project implementation began in the spring of 2015, with additional

More information

Forest and climate change

Forest and climate change Forest and climate change Seppo Kellomäki University of Eastern Finland School of Forest Sciences Joensuu Campus Finland 1 Contents Forests in the world Global climate change and impacts on forests Climate

More information

UNEVEN-AGED MANAGEMENT NORTHWEST CERTIFIED FORESTRY

UNEVEN-AGED MANAGEMENT NORTHWEST CERTIFIED FORESTRY UNEVEN-AGED MANAGEMENT NORTHWEST CERTIFIED FORESTRY Rolf Gersonde, 6/6/2015 Uneven-aged Management in 90 Minutes 2 Silviculture Background Forest Ecology Management Tools and Stocking Control Multi-aged

More information

3.28 RESEARCH NATURAL AREAS

3.28 RESEARCH NATURAL AREAS 3.28 RESEARCH NATURAL AREAS Introduction Research Natural Areas (RNAs) are areas designated, in perpetuity, for non-manipulative research and educational purposes, as well as to help maintain ecological

More information

Ponderosa pine (Py) - Pinus ponderosa

Ponderosa pine (Py) - Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa pine (Py) - Pinus ponderosa Tree Species > Ponderosa pine Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution

More information

Whitebark pine (Pa) - Pinus albicaulis

Whitebark pine (Pa) - Pinus albicaulis Whitebark pine (Pa) - Pinus albicaulis Tree Species > Whitebark pine Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution

More information

Nantahala Pisgah NF Plan Process - Natural Range of Variation. Gary Kauffman National Forests in NC Ecologist

Nantahala Pisgah NF Plan Process - Natural Range of Variation. Gary Kauffman National Forests in NC Ecologist Nantahala Pisgah NF Plan Process - Natural Range of Variation Gary Kauffman National Forests in NC Ecologist 1 NRV Plan Directives indicate must contain plan components, including standards or guidelines,

More information

Example Forest Health Sections (Resource Category 1)

Example Forest Health Sections (Resource Category 1) Example Forest Health Sections (Resource Category 1) Forest Health Example 1 General Health Insects and diseases: No major forest health problems associated with insects or diseases were observed. Environmental

More information

Mixed Conifer Forest Classification

Mixed Conifer Forest Classification Mixed Conifer Forest Classification USFS SW Region Desired Conditions and Forest Plans October 2016 Sacramento Mountains Desired Conditions Workshop OBJECTIVES Describe dry and wet mixed conifer forests,

More information

Increasing Pace and Scale of Fuels Reduction

Increasing Pace and Scale of Fuels Reduction Increasing Pace and Scale of Fuels Reduction and Forest Restoration in the Sierra Nevada Malcolm North, April Brough, Jonathan Long, Brandon Collins and Marc Meyer USFS PSW, USFS Region 5, and UC Berkeley

More information

Amabilis fir (Ba) - Abies amabilis

Amabilis fir (Ba) - Abies amabilis Amabilis fir (Ba) - Abies amabilis Tree Species > Amabilis fir Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution of

More information

CLIMATE CHANGE AND NEW ENGLAND FORESTS

CLIMATE CHANGE AND NEW ENGLAND FORESTS CLIMATE CHANGE AND NEW ENGLAND FORESTS Maria Janowiak Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science USDA Forest Service Climate Change Response Framework www.forestadaptation.org Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability

More information

Sitka spruce (Ss) - Picea sitchensis

Sitka spruce (Ss) - Picea sitchensis Sitka spruce (Ss) - Picea sitchensis Tree Species > Sitka spruce Page Index Distribution Range and Amplitiudes Tolerances and Damaging Agents Silvical Characteristics Genetics and Notes BC Distribution

More information

1 Mile. 1 Kilometer. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW

1 Mile. 1 Kilometer. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW 1 Mile 1 Kilometer m 1 USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-119. 1990. CHALLENGE Experimental Forest The Challenge Experimental Forest comprises 1446 hectares surrounding the town of Challenge.

More information

ROCK CREEK FUELS AND VEGETATION PROJECT FORESTED VEGETATION ANALYSIS Karl Fuelling 9/18/2015

ROCK CREEK FUELS AND VEGETATION PROJECT FORESTED VEGETATION ANALYSIS Karl Fuelling 9/18/2015 ROCK CREEK FUELS AND VEGETATION PROJECT FORESTED VEGETATION ANALYSIS Karl Fuelling 9/18/2015 CURRENT CONDITIONS The vegetation analysis for the Rock Creek project has been done using Arcmap with Vegetation,

More information

8) Which of the following species is best adapted to poorly drained sites? a) Bur oak b) Eastern red cedar c) Black ash d) Yellow birch

8) Which of the following species is best adapted to poorly drained sites? a) Bur oak b) Eastern red cedar c) Black ash d) Yellow birch School Score Wisconsin Envirothon 2004 Forestry Exam Answer the following questions based on the species description and graphic to the right. 1) This tree is the state tree of Wisconsin and is prized

More information

Sonoma Land Trust. Working Forest, Sustainable Forestry, Forest Certification What Do They Mean?

Sonoma Land Trust. Working Forest, Sustainable Forestry, Forest Certification What Do They Mean? Working Forest, Sustainable Forestry, Forest Certification What Do They Mean? Sonoma Land Trust North Coast Forest Conservation Conference Forestville 2012 Mark Andre, RPF #2391 City of Arcata mandre@cityofaracta.org

More information

Fire ecology of ponderosa pine

Fire ecology of ponderosa pine Fire ecology of ponderosa pine Historically, fires were frequent (every 2-25 yr) and predominantly nonlethal Droughts are common Biomass production exceeds decomposition Ignition is not limiting: lightning

More information

Riparian Forest Ecology & Management. Derek Churchill, Nov 8, 2014

Riparian Forest Ecology & Management. Derek Churchill, Nov 8, 2014 Riparian Forest Ecology & Management Derek Churchill, Nov 8, 2014 Outline 1. Importance of Riparian Zones 2. Watersheds & Stream Type 3. Forest Stream Interactions 4. Riparian forest types & development

More information

Forest Stewardship Plan

Forest Stewardship Plan Forest Stewardship Plan Effective plan date: June 1, 2002 Forestry is the art and science of managing forest lands and their related resources, including trees and other plants, animals, soil, water, and

More information

Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report

Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report Project-level Management Indicator Assemblage Report Sims Fire Restoration Private Property and Roadside Fuelbreaks Project South Fork Management Unit Shasta-Trinity National Forest Prepared By: Amy S.

More information

Adaptation Options for Managing Ecosystems; Coping with Climate Change Forest Service Research and Development Support for Management of Wildlands

Adaptation Options for Managing Ecosystems; Coping with Climate Change Forest Service Research and Development Support for Management of Wildlands Adaptation Options for Managing Ecosystems; Coping with Climate Change Forest Service Research and Development Support for Management of Wildlands Peter A. Stine, Ph.D. Sierra Nevada Research Center Pacific

More information

Plant Data Sheet California Black Oak Quercus Kelloggii

Plant Data Sheet California Black Oak Quercus Kelloggii Plant Data Sheet California Black Oak Quercus Kelloggii http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/quekel/habitat.jpg Taxonomy: Family scientific name: Fagaceae Family common name: Oak Genus: Quercus

More information

Rapid Assessment Reference Condition Model

Rapid Assessment Reference Condition Model R0ms Rapid Assessment Reference Condition Model The Rapid Assessment is a component of the LANDFIRE project. Reference condition models for the Rapid Assessment were created through a series of expert

More information

Appendix J-1 Marking Guidelines Alternative 4 GTR 220

Appendix J-1 Marking Guidelines Alternative 4 GTR 220 Appendix J-1 Marking Guidelines Alternative 4 GTR 220 General Principles The Alternative 4 of the KREW Project is implementing the landscape, ecological vision of An Ecosystem Management Strategy for Sierran

More information

Tree Mortality in the Sierra Nevada

Tree Mortality in the Sierra Nevada Tree Mortality in the Sierra Nevada Understanding why so many trees have died and what to do next. Photo by Sierra Nevada Conservancy Talk outline Water stress and mortality Bark beetles as a mortality

More information

Forest carbon 101. Climate change adaptation and mitigation considerations. Overview Module Silviculture Institute 5/24/2017

Forest carbon 101. Climate change adaptation and mitigation considerations. Overview Module Silviculture Institute 5/24/2017 Climate change adaptation and mitigation considerations Outline Forest carbon 101 Influence of silvicultural treatments on carbon dynamics Adaptation considerations in light of global change Tradeoffs

More information

Giant Sequoia National Monument

Giant Sequoia National Monument United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Giant Sequoia National Monument August 2010 Giant Sequoia National Monument Draft Environmental Impact Statement Volume 1 The U. S. Department of

More information

CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOREST TREES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS FOR NATIONAL FORESTS

CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOREST TREES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS FOR NATIONAL FORESTS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE PACIFIC NORTHWEST REGION JUNE 2012 CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOREST TREES IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST: A VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS FOR

More information

New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles Preamble Participants Principles Collaborate Reduce the threat of unnatural crown fire.

New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles Preamble Participants Principles Collaborate Reduce the threat of unnatural crown fire. New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles Preamble These principles were collaboratively developed by a team of dedicated professionals representing industry, conservation organizations, land management

More information

Aspen Ecology. Read Hessl, Why have a whole lecture for a single species?

Aspen Ecology. Read Hessl, Why have a whole lecture for a single species? Aspen Ecology Read Hessl, 2002 11/16/09 1 Why have a whole lecture for a single species? Populus tremuloides is the most widespread tree in N. America and 2 nd most widely distributed tree species in the

More information

Succession Notes. Example of succession: 1) Primary Succession: What is ecological succession? Why does an ecosystem change?

Succession Notes. Example of succession: 1) Primary Succession: What is ecological succession? Why does an ecosystem change? Succession Notes 1 Topic: Succession What is ecological succession? The process where plants & animals of a particular area are replaced by different more complex species over time. The natural aging of

More information

Appendix 8. Description of wildlife habitat models developed by Morzillo et. al Summary:

Appendix 8. Description of wildlife habitat models developed by Morzillo et. al Summary: Appendix 8 Description of wildlife habitat models developed by Morzillo et. al. 2014. Summary: First, habitat structure in an IDU is evaluated and scored as habitat (1) or not habitat (0) based on canopy

More information

Appendix A (Project Specifications) Patton Mill Fuel Break Project

Appendix A (Project Specifications) Patton Mill Fuel Break Project Appendix A (Project Specifications) Patton Mill Fuel Break Project I. Proposed Actions: A. Construct a Fuel Break (approximately 5 miles, about 120 acres): The fuel break is located along a segment of

More information

Scientific Literature Review of Forest Management Effects on Riparian Functions for Anadromous Salmonids

Scientific Literature Review of Forest Management Effects on Riparian Functions for Anadromous Salmonids Scientific Literature Review of Forest Management Effects on Riparian Functions for Anadromous Salmonids Presentation to: The California State Board of Forestry and Fire Protection Prepared by: Mike Liquori

More information

New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles

New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles New Mexico Forest Restoration Principles Preamble These principles were collaboratively developed by a team of dedicated professionals representing industry, conservation organizations, land management

More information

Effects of Simulated MPB on Hydrology and Post-attack Vegetation & Below-ground Dynamics

Effects of Simulated MPB on Hydrology and Post-attack Vegetation & Below-ground Dynamics Effects of Simulated MPB on Hydrology and Post-attack Vegetation & Below-ground Dynamics Principal investigators: Uldis Silins and Ellen Macdonald Ph.D. projects: Anne McIntosh and Pablo Piña Lead field

More information

Big Hill Insect and Disease Project Proposed Action

Big Hill Insect and Disease Project Proposed Action Big Hill Insect and Disease Project Proposed Action Project Background and 2014 Farm Bill The Big Hill Insect and Disease project on the Challis-Yankee Fork Ranger District of the Salmon-Challis National

More information