Newly Developed Equipments and Machines at Dr. B.S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth Dapoli: A Review

Transcription

1 Newly Developed Equipments and Machines at Dr. B.S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth Dapoli: A Review Dr. P.U. SHAHARE Professor and Head Department of Farm Machinery and Power CAET, DBSKKV Dapoli (M.S.)

2 Konkan is the coastal part of Maharashtra between Western Ghat and Arabian sea. This region of Maharashtra is the narrow strip of 40 km width and running 750 km Districts: Ratnagiri, Thane, Raigad, Sindhudurg, Palghar and Mumbai Sahydari hillocks at one side and Arabian sea at another side Annual rainfall 3500 mm which occurs in June-Oct.

3 Major crops in Konkan region Area under cultivation 9.5 lakh ha Field crops Rice : 4.0 lakh ha Horticultural crops Mango: 1.70 lakh ha Cashew: 1.70 lakh ha Coconut: 0.3 lakh ha Areca nut: 0.03 lakh ha

4 Hurdles in Agricultural Mechanization in Konkan region Small land holding Farming on slope, terraces Poor socio-economic status Lack of technical knowhow High fuel cost Poor after sales service network Rainfed farming

5 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Tractor drawn Hydraulic Elevator The Tractor mounted elevator is suitable for harvesting of coconuts and other fruits The number of coconuts harvested depends upon the actual number of coconuts available on trees.( Nos./h). Capacity for mango harvesting: Nos/h

6 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Tractor drawn Hydraulic Elevator Capacity: 90 to 100 coconut trees/day The lifting time and lowering time of 12 m height is and seconds, respectively. The capacity of bucket is 200 Kg The tractor of 35 HP is suitable for mounting the machine.

7 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Arecanut Scrarifier The inner drum with pricks and conveying arrangement The outer drum is kept stationary Inner drum is rotated by the operator using handle The pricks fitted on the periphery of internal drum scrarifies the outer shell of the arecanut

8 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Arecanut Scrarifier The maximum scrarifying percentage area : %. The capacity of machine : 1623 nuts per hour. The nuts scrarified have better acceptability in terms of colour, texture and test. It enhanced the rate of drying of arecanut by 20-40%.

9 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Hand Operated Arecanut Dehusker The major parts are the hopper, lead screw, cutting blade, handle, lead screw and cutting plate. The teeth on the cutting plate peels off the husk The capacity of the machine: 6 Kg/h The breakage percentage : 11.2 %. The unhusked arecanut percentage : 3.7 %. The efficiency of machine : %.

10 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Motor Operated Arecanut Dehusker It consist of cylinder, beaters, hopper, frame and motor. The diameter and length of cylinder : 300 mm and 500 mm Four beating elements with MS flat having width and thickness as 40 mm and 10 mm respectively. Rubber pads 40mm width, thickness 15 mm. An electric motor (single phase, 1450 rpm, 0.75 hp) The concave having the average aperture:16 mm mm

11 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Hand Operated Arecanut Dehusker Average dehusking efficiency and kernel breakage at 7 m/s peripheral speed and 20kg/h feed rate were 98.1 per cent and 9.9 per cent, respectively. The dusking capacity of kernel by traditional method was 3.6 kg/h. Dehusking capacity for power operated machines were 13 kg/h Dehusking cost of arecanut with traditional method, power operated Rs. 5.1/kg, Rs. 1.9/kg. The dehusking cost of power operated dehusker 62.7 per cent less as compared to traditional method.

12 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Pedal Operated Arecanut Dehusker Dehusking efficiency and kernel breakage at 7 m/s peripheral speed and 15 kg/h feed rate: 96.6 per cent and 6.9 per cent, respectively. Dehusking capacity :9.8 kg/h, Dehusking cost of arecanut with traditional method, pedal operated,: Rs. 5.1/kg, Rs. 3.7/kg, respectively. The dehusking cost of pedal operated dehusker, : 27.5 per cent less, over traditional method.

13 New tools developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Hand Operated Foldable Coconut Dehusker The dehusking capacity and dehusking efficiency for folding and non-folding type were found to be 58 nuts/h, 93.7% Heart rate 3.94 % less and 6.28 % less oxygen consumption rate than non-folding type coconut dehusker. The average value of energy expenditure for non-folding type coconut dehusker is more than (11 % more) the folding type coconut dehusker. The average value of HR for both coconut dehuskers was less than Limit of Continuous Performance (LCP)

14 New tools developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Improved Vaibhav Sickle S. N. Parameters Modified sickle 1 Weight, g Length of cutting edge (mm) Maximum width of cutting edge ( mm) 24 4 Chord length (mm) Blade concavity (mm) 30 6 Pitch (mm) 2 7 Angle of teeth Length of handle (mm) CS- CL ratio Average diameter of handle (mm) Angle of blade with handle, deg 157

15 New tools developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Improved Vaibhav Sickle The time required17.82 per cent less over Vaibhav sickle. Physiologically, the workload was found to be moderately heavy category for improved Vaibhav sickle while, that of in heavy category in case of existing Vaibhav sickle. Limit of continuous performance: less than limit of continuous performance Vaibhav sickle :More than limit of continuous performance. The field capacity of improved Vaibhav sickle was found to be 112 m 2 /h which was 13.1 per cent higher than existing Vaibhav sickle (99 m 2 /h).

16 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Self Propelled Paddy Reaper Sr. No. Particulars Specification 1. Power source 3 hp, Petrol start Kerosene run Engine 2. Width of cutter bar, cm Size of reaper: Length x width, cm Height of reaper, cm 104 (from ground to handle) 5. Total weight of the reaper, kg 270

17 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Self Propelled Paddy Reaper Average field capacity was found to be ha/h ( about 1 ha/day) Average time required to cover one ha was 6.95 h. Average fuel consumption was found to be 1.08 l/h. The average working heart rate was beats/min. The average work pulse was beats/min and Noise level was 85.6 db (A).

18 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Semi automatic Cashew nut Sheller It has got one fixed blade and one reciprocating blade. The steamed cashewnut is placed in a plastic channel which is picked by holder Holder clamp holds the cashew in the plane of the cutting blade while shelling The machine is economical for large scale shelling as compared to hand-operated and hand -foot operated machine

19 New Machines developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Semi automatic Cashew nut Sheller Average capacity kg/hr. The shelling efficiency 88.48% The recovery in terms of whole kernel, half split and broken was 82.26%, 8.73% and 8.90% respectively.

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21 Various tools, equipments developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Vaibhav Sickle Nutan Mango harvester Swastick Groundnut hoe Amar Loranthus cutter

22 Various tools, equipments developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Ankur serrated spade Pankaj Puddler Stubble remover Atul fruit harvester

23 Various tools, equipments developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Cashew cutter Japanese weeder Coconut dehusker Sulabh Contour marker

24 Various tools, equipments developed by DBSKKV Dapoli Zero till Planter Biomass shredder Inverted chain conveyor type thresher